CN106675589A - Exhaust gas and waste heat recovery technology for biochar preparation by sludge reduction gasification - Google Patents

Exhaust gas and waste heat recovery technology for biochar preparation by sludge reduction gasification Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106675589A
CN106675589A CN201611265353.XA CN201611265353A CN106675589A CN 106675589 A CN106675589 A CN 106675589A CN 201611265353 A CN201611265353 A CN 201611265353A CN 106675589 A CN106675589 A CN 106675589A
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China
Prior art keywords
gas
temperature
oil
sludge
waste
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CN201611265353.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吕彬峰
李正平
黄成侃
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Zhejiang Tianlu Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Tianlu Environmental Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201611265353.XA priority Critical patent/CN106675589A/en
Publication of CN106675589A publication Critical patent/CN106675589A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONAGEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/02—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing inorganic compounds only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C1/00—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air
    • F23C1/08—Combustion apparatus specially adapted for combustion of two or more kinds of fuel simultaneously or alternately, at least one kind of fuel being either a fluid fuel or a solid fuel suspended in a carrier gas or air liquid and gaseous fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/002—Gaseous fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust gas and waste heat recovery technology for biochar preparation by sludge reduction gasification. The technology comprises the following steps: 1) sending dewatered sludge into a sludge intermediate tank for storage; 2) sending the sludge in the intermediate tank into a gasification device through a feeding device to be subjected to pyrolysis gasification reaction to obtain high-temperature gas mixture and high-temperature biochar; 3) carrying out filtering processing, spray cooling processing and washing cooling processing on the high-temperature gas mixture to obtain oil water mixture and rich gas; 4) sending the oil water mixture into an automatic filter and an oil water separator through a pump to obtain mortar, bio-oil and water, and sending the mortar into the gasification device again to be subjected to the pyrolysis gasification reaction; 5) after rich gas purification processing, sending into a rich gas combustion device capable of supplying heat to the gasification device, and recovering tail gas generated by the gasification device as hot combustion-supporting wind of the rich gas combustion device; 6) inputting the bio-oil into a fuel combustion device to carry out auxiliary heat supply on the gasification device.

Description

A kind of waste gas and waste heat reclaiming process of the reduction and gaseous charcoal processed of sludge
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of solid waste treatment, more particularly to a kind of reduction and gaseous charcoal processed of sludge waste gas and Waste heat reclaiming process.
Background technology
With the development of social economy, the protection of human ecological environment and the promotion of green circulation economy, at town sewage Director's industry constantly develops, and Sewage Plant total process water yield and degree for the treatment of will constantly expand and improve, and the sludge quantity of generation is also increasingly Increase.Such as Zhejiang Province, since 2014, Zhejiang starts domestic sewage in rural areas harnessing project, and 2016 this year were lives in the countryside The year of the showdown of the annual work program of waste water control three.Up to now, 100,000, sewage disposal terminal is set up, pipeline nearly 30,000 is laid Kilometer, total length can be around the big half-turn in equator；Administer village more than 20,000, be benefited the family of peasant household 4,500,000, the whole province's coverage rate up to eighty per cant, Originally the rural area of " sewage is scraped with the wind by evaporation, rubbish ", has taken leave of the in line history of sewage mostly, and resident's environmental consciousness gradually adds By force, the sludge quantity of generation will certainly further increase.
The current domestic process method of disposal for sludge mainly has landfill, burning, Land_use change, anaerobic digestion, heating Mummification and plus alkali stablize.Sludge landfill takes a large amount of soils, and the effusion of generation is gentle to know from experience severe contamination subsoil water and air. Due to containing pathogen, parasitic ovum, heavy metal and various biodegradable organic compoundses in sludge during Land_use change, into farmland As the fertilizer of crops, will be detrimental to health by food chain and animal and plant growth.Burning be realize sewage sludge harmlessness, Minimizing, stabilisation the most thoroughly method, shared ratio is improved year by year in specific resistance to filtration, it has also become developed country Using major technique, but its technology and equipment investment is big, and operating cost is high, and high-temperature flue gas heat utilization efficiency is not high, domestic sludge Burning also has the trend for increasing year by year, but vent gas treatment and technique are also improved and solved, and resident complains more, causes into postponing Slowly.Some resource technologies that recent years occurs are also because processing cost is too high, and some technologies are still in laboratory research rank Section, is difficult to large-scale promotion application in actual production.
Charcoal is referred to and is pyrolyzed biological material under anoxia or limited oxygen condition, removes oily gentle rear surplus in biomass Under solid matter, it has infusibility, stable, height aromatization, rich in characteristics such as carbons, is typically considered the one of black wood charcoal Kind.Correlational study shows that charcoal has huge surface area and internal voids, with negative charge is more, ion-exchange capacity strong, The features such as absorption property is excellent, is widely used in environment, agriculture field.Biological carbon can steadily in the long term be present in nature In, with persistent infertile field fertile soil, promote Soil Microorganism breeding, promote plant growing, to carbon dioxide absorption, make sky The function that carbon dioxide is reduced in gas；Biological carbon is rich in micropore, can not only supplement the content of organics of soil, can also improve The breathability and drainage of soil, moisture needed for accumulation plant root effectively preserves moisture and nutriment, increases soil fertility； The special performance that biological carbon has in agriculture field so as to during implementation of China " fertile soil engineering ", plays important, no Alternative effect.Just because of charcoal has so many advantage, the technique and its device of solid waste charcoal now Just rise in China, but can industrialization it is due, large-scale production has no report, rest essentially within laboratory and The pilot scale stage.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN102443404A discloses a kind of device of manufacture charcoal：Preheating chamber is located at heat In flue gas room, preheating chamber two ends connect respectively discharging cylinder and feed roll；The other end of discharging cylinder connects an intermediate bunker, The bottom of intermediate bunker connects a feed space；The other end of feed roll connects a gas collection chamber；The mixing of gas collection chamber Gas outlet is connected with the air inlet of spray washing cooling tower；Dry distilling room is located at burning interior, and dry distilling room two ends connect respectively front rolling Cylinder and back roll；The other end of front roll is connected with feed space, and the other end of back roll is connected with discharge chamber, and discharge chamber lower section connects Cooling chamber is connect, the mixed gas outlet of discharge chamber is connected with the air inlet of spray washing cooling tower；The indoor position of burning and dry distilling room Bottom is provided with external fuel burner and does not coagulate fuel gas burner；Heat is provided between top of combustion chamber and heat smoke room bottom Flue.The device of the manufacture biological carbon that the present invention is provided, can manufacture biological carbon with pollution-free, inexpensive, industrialization.Should Equipment is relatively good, but treating capacity is little, and is intermittent reaction, it is impossible to which continuous mass production is its drawback.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN105601075A disclose a kind of process of pyrolyzing sludge carbonization treatment and Its device：Sludge is squeezed Jing squeezer, pulverizer is crushed, mixing and blending machine is puddled, in interior heating rotary kiln drying machine after drying Send into after sending in storage bin in pyrolysis carbide furnace；There is pyrolysis carbonization in pyrolysis carbide furnace in sludge, product solid carbon it is mixed Outside compound output system, product vapor, pyrolysis gas are separated in separating-purifying tower, purified；Combustible gas after purification Send into burning in burner and convey thermal source for interior heating rotary kiln drying machine, the restructuring that purification ＆ isolation goes out is distributed to mixing and blending machine Puddling with sludge carries out secondary pyrolysis；The flue gas that heating furnace is produced is expelled in air stove and carries out secondary ablation；Whole device is produced The outlet I of heating rotary kiln drying machine is discharged in raw tail gas Jing, after treatment qualified discharge.This complete equipment is more complete, but Greatest problem is also batch production, it is impossible to arrange charcoal automatically, and artificial cooling row's charcoal needs longer cycle, and high-temperature biological The problems such as charcoal is met air meeting spontaneous combustion, artificially burns.
The content of the invention
Cannot dispose to reduce increasing sludge, enable sludge preferably resource, minimizing is innoxious and stable Change and utilize, the invention provides the waste gas and waste heat reclaiming process of a kind of reduction and gaseous charcoal processed of sludge, by will be organic solid Body garbage is pyrolyzed under anoxia or limited oxygen condition, removes the oily gentle rear remaining solid matter in organic solid waste, and it has Infusibility, stable, height aromatization, rich in characteristics such as carbons, be typically considered one kind of black wood charcoal, make a kind of good soil Modifying agent.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of waste gas and waste heat reclaiming process of the reduction and gaseous charcoal processed of sludge, comprises the following steps：
1) dewatered sludge is sent into into sludge intermediate tank storage；
2) sludge in pans is sent into into gasification installation by feed arrangement carries out pyrolytic gasification reaction, obtains high temperature and mixes Close gas and high-temperature biological charcoal；
3) by step 2) in high-temperature gas mixture filtered, spraying cooling and wash cooling are processed, and obtain oil mixing with water Thing and rich gas；
4) by step 3) in oil water mixture by being pumped into automatic filter and oil water separator, obtain mortar, life Thing oil and water, and mortar is fed again into into gasification installation carries out pyrolytic gasification reaction；
5) by step 2) rich gas purified treatment after send into rich gas burner for gasification installation heat supply, and reclaim gasification Hot combustion air of the tail gas that device is produced as rich gas burner；
6) by step 4) bio oil input oil burning apparatus, be described gasification installation auxiliary heat supplying.
As preferred, the moisture content≤35wt% of the dewatered sludge.Moisture percentage in sewage sludge is lower for gasification installation institute The heat for needing is fewer, and the water vapour of generation is also relatively fewer, and to follow-up filter and waste water pressure is all reduced, preferably section Cost-saving.
The feed arrangement is sealed continuous feed, can be helical feed, and alternatively hydraulic jacking cylinder formula feeds.Further , sludge can use helical feed, wherein have axle spiral to be optimal, but sealing does not have the charging of hydraulic jacking cylinder formula preferable；This can Sealing by other means is solved, such as this time operation is completed by the sealing of twice spiral progressive.If material is rice The agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as grass, bagasse, straw, hydraulic jacking cylinder formula charging is preferable, as long as closing together, just can suppress with pressure-fired High-temperature oil gas leak.
Feed arrangement and gasification installation realize that gasification installation front end is provided with gold by the static and dynamic sealing of shaft connection mechanism Category compensator, metal compensator as a kind of flexible pressure-resistant pipe fitting, to compensate pipeline or machine, the mutual position of equipment connection end Move, absorb vibrational energy, the effect such as vibration damping, noise reduction can be played, with flexible, light weight, corrosion-resistant, resisting fatigue, resistance to height The multinomial feature such as low temperature, is that reactor can preferably run at high temperature.
Preferably, described gasification installation is horizontal rotary reactor, there is heat pipe and deflector inside reactor.
The reactor of the application is Rotatable mechanism, is further ensured that the material inside reactor is heated evenly, therefore is set The drive mechanism for driving the reactor is equipped with, the drive mechanism includes being fixed on the ring gear of reactor outer peripheral face, with ring gear The support roller being meshed and the motor for driving support roller；The drive mechanism drives 360 ° of rotations of reactor, can accelerate thing in reactor The cracking reaction speed of material.
Deflector can be divided into water conservancy diversion steel plate and water conservancy diversion corrosion resistant plate, can also may be used using single coil configuration or double-spiral structure The spiral stream guidance structure of single, double combination；During reactor rotates, the deflector being in tilted layout is to the material in reactor With refluence effect, reactor is accelerated in the position movement that the material in reactor is located in the presence of deflector to discharging opening The discharge of interior material.
As preferential, the heat pipe of many vertical reactor axis is set, the quantity of general heat pipe is 6 in reactor ~20, and adjacent two heat pipes vertical interlaced.The quantity that heat pipe is arranged is typically based on actual material handling capacity and determines, material When treating capacity is larger, the quantity of heat pipe can be increased according to practical situation；The big I of heat conduction bore is true according to actual needs It is fixed.The deflector being in tilted layout is provided with reactor, the air deflector presses close to the charging aperture in high-order one end.
Horizontal rotary reactor arranges 8~14 temperature control points from front end to tail end, horizontal reacting kettle pressure is 0~ 100kpa, internal heating-up temperature is 300~700 DEG C.
Used as preferential, when mud handling capacity is 100~200 ton day scale, temperature control layout points are 10~12, are crouched Formula reactor pressure is 0~50kpa, and internal heating-up temperature is 450~600 DEG C.The temperature control of charcoal will specifically see product Use, and the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge.
High-temperature gas mixture in the application is discharged from the front end of reactor, and the top in the air cement separator of filtration sets There is baffle plate, described baffle plate is spliced into chamfering structure, and the scope of subtended angle at 45 °~150 ° by high temperature resistant, resistant material, have The angle of body cracks the mixture viscosity for producing, depending on the ratio of charcoal by the composition of organic solid castoff cracking gas.
The baffle arrangement of the present invention has 4~10 layers, and per layer is 6~14 pieces, specifically by treating capacity, air velocity and containing ash Amount number depending on；Baffle plate between layers is mutually staggered, and purpose enables air-flow fully to contact with baffle plate, does detour road Line, rather than straight line rising, baffle plate constantly blocks air-flow makes the dust in cracking gas collide and stick on baffle plate, waits to glue When attached power is less than the self gravitation of dust, then free-falling.
With solid particles such as the white carbon black of pneumatic floating, ashes under high temperature, speed is reduced when baffle plate is encountered, and have substantial amounts of Solid particle is sticked on baffle plate, when gathering to a certain extent, with self gravitation the bottom of filter is sunk down into, entrained dirt High-temperature gas mixture realizes that high-temperature gas mixture and solid particle are separated by being constantly rebuffed with baffle plate.
The more difficult compressed gas such as the hydrogen that rich gas is cracked for sludge high temperature and produced after cooling down, carbon monoxide, methane, pass through The devices such as roots blower, gas purifier, burn to supply gasification installation institute calorific requirement into gas burner device.
As preferential, in step 5) in, the waste water Jing oil removals for obtaining are transferred to sewage treatment plant after air-flotation process.
It is further preferential, in step 5) in, the bio oil for obtaining is mainly wood vinegar, tar etc., and density is larger, and Jing sinks Form sediment, filter, after separation, oil burning apparatus are squeezed into by oil pump, can also squeeze into and be sold outside biological oil tank.
In the solid and gas automatic separating apparatus of high-temperature biological charcoal, lower end is provided with feed liquid agitating device, feed liquid agitating device Including the rotating shaft installed in separation bin bottom, the blade being fixed in rotating shaft, and for the motor of drive shaft；The blade It is 4~12 pieces be evenly arranged along the shaft axis；And blade lean is arranged, the blade of the present invention is pusher blade, its Also can be inclined upwardly arrangement along axis of rotation direction along the downward-sloping arrangement in axis of rotation direction.
When the bottom of solid and gas automatic separating apparatus gathers a certain amount of, level sensor sends instruction and starts life charcoal Thing charcoal agitating device and hopper wall vibrator, agitating device can prevent from expecting that night lumps or build bridge in the bottom of separation bin, it is ensured that separate Material night in storehouse can timely discharge.
Described ash exhauster is screw conveying structure, and this structure includes shaftless screw and has axle spiral etc., in order that producing Raw charcoal is difficult to form dead angle and is easy to cleaning in time, in the appropriate extension certain distance in helical feed end, extension distance Length can be according to the actual effect such as the size of solid and gas automatic separating apparatus and charcoal yield depending on.Bottom discharge spiral transferring Sending can be made charcoal be more easy to concentrate on a point, be produced using parallel conveying or certain angle of inclination conveying, angle of inclination conveying Only in conveying end, as long as Field Force periodically opens, blind plate cleaning in end can solve to block or dead angle is accumulated at raw dead angle The impurity such as charcoal, thin wire.Outlet delivery device overcoat can be cooled down using cooling water circulation or air circulation, be passed through after cooling Conveyer device enters lag cooler, charcoal packing pack Jing after lag cooler further cooling.
Preferably, described high-temperature gas mixture by spraying cooling process, can coagulate organic component and water recovery into Liquid, removes the dust and acid gas component in on-condensible gas.
The high-temperature gas mixture of generation enters spraying cooling pipe, and by substantial amounts of spray liquid the heat of high-temperature gas mixture is absorbed, High-temperature gas mixture temperature is down to into uniform temperature, below 80 DEG C, the inlet temperature of spray liquid specifically regards gas velocity to temperature control Degree, depending on gas component, in the case that moisture content is higher, inlet temperature is of a relatively high, and inlet temperature is typically 150 DEG C~300 ℃.Used as preferred, inlet temperature is typically at 170 DEG C~220 DEG C.Make to coagulate organic component and water recovery into liquid, together When neutralized reaction product acidic materials, protect follow-up equipment, and by spray washing act on, can effectively remove in on-condensible gas Dust and SO2、NOXDeng acid ingredient, favorably with the burning and reduction exhaust emission generation of follow-up fixed gas.
Preferably, the high-temperature gas mixture after spraying cooling is carried out into wash cooling, reduces the temperature of on-condensible gas, cooling temperature Degree control controls to generate oil water mixture pH value 5~9 at 20~60 DEG C.
Spraying cooling pipe oily waste water out and fixed gas enter scrubber condenser, and by packing layer the biography of gas-liquid is improved Matter, heat exchange, are further down to technological requirement by the temperature of fixed gas, and raising can coagulate the condensation effect of organic component, and reinforcing is not coagulated The dust removing effects and SO of gas2、NOXDeng the assimilation effect of acid ingredient, top exit is provided with demister, reduces fixed gas band liquid.
Scrubber condenser top is provided with demister and sprayer unit, and centre is provided with packing layer, and packing layer thickness is general For the 1/2~1/5 of scrubber condenser height；5~9, chilling temperature is controlled 20~60 for internal oil water mixture pH value control ℃。
The oil water mixture of scrubber condenser bottom has the pressure gauge of remotely control and field control, thermometer and pH meter, When pH meter show value is less than requiring, dosing pump is opened, and the alkali liquor inside lye tank (vat) is squeezed into the profit for circulating always and is mixed Compound pipeline, when pH meter reaches requirement, dosing pump quits work.
Preferably, described automatic filter is used to remove the impurity in oil water mixture, and described oil water separator is used In oil-water separation, and the most of recycling of the waste water after oil removing is used as spraying cooling and the spray liquid of wash cooling.
The oily waste water pumping of scrubber condenser lower storage while passes through automatic feeding before pump to automatic filter Alkali liquor automatically adjusts the pH value of waste water, and automatic filter is Full-automatic liquid scraper filter, and liquid is flowed into from filter inlet, From up to down flow, export through cartridge surface flow direction；When cartridge surface collects a certain amount of impurity, Motor drive assembling The scraper of corrector is close to cartridge surface rotation, scrapes the removal of impurity, and impurity is gathered in collecting chamber with descending liquid, when accumulation is to necessarily During amount impurity, automatic blowdown valve opens collecting chamber, and the liquid containing high concentration impurities is discharged, and discharges residual liquid and reenters reactor High temperature cabonization process.
The waste water that automatic filter is discharged enters oil water separator, effectively can quickly realize oil-water separation, the oil slick of collection Oil storage tank is evacuated to automatically as product, and the waste water after oil removing is most of to be recycled as spray liquid, and redundance is drained into automatically Wastewater treatment facility process.
By carrying out pyrolytic gasification to organic solid castoff, especially sludge, the charcoal to obtaining is carried out the present invention Pack commercially available take-away, as good soil conditioner；Rich gas to obtaining carries out combustion heat supplying for reactor gasification installation, Bio oil is gasification installation auxiliary heat supplying as fuel oil burning, is truly realized the resource of sludge, and minimizing is innoxious and steady Fixedization, turns waste into wealth, and recycles.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the reduction and gaseous waste gas of sludge and waste heat reclaiming process flow chart in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, the reduction and gaseous waste gas of sludge and waste heat reclaiming process of the present invention are made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings into One step is described in detail.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of reduction and gaseous waste gas of sludge and waste heat reclaiming process, including following step：
1) dewatered sludge is sent into into sludge intermediate tank storage；
2) sludge (moisture content is≤35wt%) in pans is sent into into gasification installation, gasification installation by feed arrangement The gaseous mixture of generation is simultaneously the sludge preheating in feed arrangement, and preheating temperature is 110 DEG C；Reactor temperature control in gasification installation Point is 12, is 150 DEG C~500 DEG C from front end to rear end temperature control, is gradually increasing, and it is 10~30Kpa itself to produce pressure； The rotating speed of reactor is 1 turn/min.
3) by step 2) in high-temperature gas mixture by filter, water sealed tank, water cooling tower, the device such as wash cooling tower Obtain oil water mixture and rich gas；Water cooling tower opens 5 valve spraying coolings.
4) by step 2) in high-temperature biological charcoal controlled by material position induction apparatuss, in high charge level when, material position induction apparatuss send out Go out signal, charcoal is by solid and gas automatic separating apparatus, ash exhauster, lag cooler cooling packing pack；When in low material position, Material position induction apparatuss send signal, are automatically switched off, and the order of closing turns off ash discharge dress first to close solid and gas automatic separating apparatus Put, finally close lag cooler.
5) by step 3) in oil water mixture obtain ash by being pumped into the devices such as automatic filter, oil water separator Slurry, bio oil and waste water；Mortar is again introduced into the reaction of gasification installation pyrolytic gasification by feed arrangement；Bio oil is defeated as fuel oil Enter oil burning apparatus for gasification installation auxiliary heat supplying.
6) by step 3) in rich gas gas purifier is entered by roots blower, enter back into surge tank, by rich gas burn Device combustion heat supplying, and reclaim the hot combustion air of the tail gas as rich gas burner of gasification installation generation.When rich gas surge tank When pressure is high, burner air gun is all turned on, and closes oil burning apparatus, by the rich gas heat supply that itself is produced, unnecessary richness Gas is pressed into rich gas tank by compressor, and (rich gas pressure tank is set to 1.9Mpa, and volume is 60m3)。
Embodiment 2：
A kind of reduction and gaseous waste gas of sludge and waste heat reclaiming process, including following step：
1) dewatered sludge is sent into into sludge intermediate tank storage；
2) sludge (moisture content is≤30wt%) in pans is sent into into gasification installation, gasification installation by feed arrangement The gaseous mixture of generation is simultaneously the sludge preheating in feed arrangement, and preheating temperature is 130 DEG C；Reactor temperature control in gasification installation Point is 10, is 180 DEG C~550 DEG C from front end to rear end temperature control, is gradually increasing, and it is 10~50Kpa itself to produce pressure； The rotating speed of reactor is 2 turns/min.
3) by step 2) in high-temperature gas mixture by filter, water sealed tank, water cooling tower, the device such as wash cooling tower Obtain oil water mixture and rich gas；Water cooling tower opens 3 valve spraying coolings.
4) by step 2) in high-temperature biological charcoal controlled by material position induction apparatuss, in high charge level when, material position induction apparatuss send out Go out signal, charcoal is by solid and gas automatic separating apparatus, ash exhauster, lag cooler cooling packing pack；When in low material position, Material position induction apparatuss send signal, are automatically switched off, and the order of closing turns off ash discharge dress first to close solid and gas automatic separating apparatus Put, finally close lag cooler.
5) by step 3) in oil water mixture obtain ash by being pumped into the devices such as automatic filter, oil water separator Slurry, bio oil and waste water；Mortar is again introduced into the reaction of gasification installation pyrolytic gasification by feed arrangement, and bio oil is defeated as fuel oil Enter oil burning apparatus for gasification installation auxiliary heat supplying.
6) by step 3) in rich gas gas purifier is entered by roots blower, enter back into surge tank, by rich gas burn Device combustion heat supplying, and the hot combustion air of the tail gas as rich gas burner of gasification installation generation is reclaimed, improve heat energy utilization Rate.Because dewatered sludge moisture content is relatively low, now calorific requirement is also little, can close oil burner, appropriate reduction gas burner Heat supply, unnecessary rich gas is pressed into rich gas tank by compressor, and (rich gas pressure tank is set to 1.9Mpa, and volume is 60m3)。
The foregoing is only the preferable implementation example of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the waste gas and waste heat reclaiming process of the reduction and gaseous charcoal processed of a kind of sludge, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：
1) dewatered sludge is sent into into sludge intermediate tank storage；
2) sludge in pans is sent into into gasification installation by feed arrangement carries out pyrolytic gasification reaction, obtains high-temperature gas mixture With high-temperature biological charcoal；
3) by step 2) in high-temperature gas mixture filtered, spraying cooling and wash cooling are processed, obtain oil water mixture and Rich gas；
4) by step 3) in oil water mixture by being pumped into automatic filter and oil water separator, obtain mortar, bio oil And water, and mortar is fed again into into gasification installation carries out pyrolytic gasification reaction；
5) by step 2) rich gas purified treatment after send into rich gas burner for gasification installation heat supply, and reclaim gasification installation Hot combustion air of the tail gas of generation as rich gas burner；
6) by step 4) bio oil input oil burning apparatus, be described gasification installation auxiliary heat supplying.
2. waste gas as claimed in claim 1 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that the moisture content of the dewatered sludge≤ 35wt%.
3. waste gas as claimed in claim 1 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that described gasification installation is horizontal rotary Reactor, there is heat pipe and deflector inside reactor.
4. waste gas as claimed in claim 4 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that described horizontal rotary reactor is in the past Tail end is held to arrange 8~14 temperature control points.
5. gas as claimed in claim 5 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that the horizontal reacting kettle pressure is 0~ 100kpa, internal heating-up temperature is 300~700 DEG C.
6. waste gas as claimed in claim 1 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that described rich gas splits including sludge high temperature The hydrogen produced after solving and cooling down, carbon monoxide and methane.
7. waste gas as claimed in claim 1 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that described high-temperature gas mixture is by filtering Remove with the solid particle of pneumatic floating.
8. waste gas as claimed in claim 7 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that described high-temperature gas mixture is by spray Cooling treatment, can coagulate organic component and water recovery into liquid, remove the dust and acid gas component in on-condensible gas.
9. waste gas as claimed in claim 8 and waste heat reclaiming process, it is characterised in that by the high-temperature gas mixture after spraying cooling Wash cooling is carried out, the temperature of on-condensible gas is reduced, chilling temperature is controlled at 20~60 DEG C, and control to generate oil water mixture pH Value is 5~9.
10. the technique of vaporizing system charcoal as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that described automatic filter is used to go Impurity in oil removing aqueous mixtures, the most of circulation of the waste water that described oil water separator is used for after oil-water separation, and oil removing makes It is used as the spray liquid of spraying cooling and wash cooling.
CN201611265353.XA 2016-12-30 2016-12-30 Exhaust gas and waste heat recovery technology for biochar preparation by sludge reduction gasification Pending CN106675589A (en)

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