Cassava harvester
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, particularly a kind of cassava harvester.
Background technology
The cassava alcohol fuel is not striven ground with cereal crops, meets China's non-grain bioenergy development strategy requirement; The cassava establishing in large scale lacks mechanization at present, because the piece root of cassava is strip, its results need be deep-cut dark pine, existing radical reaping machine is inapplicable such as the potato reaping machine, the results of cassava mostly rely on manually and carry out at present, and labour intensity is big, the cost height; The research and development cassava harvester, to improving level of industrial technology, reduce labour intensity, it is in short supply to alleviate human resources, increase farmers' income, accelerate western maximum biomass energy industry of country and bio-based materials industrialization base and build, promote China's non-grain biomass energy industry development, significant.
Publication number is that the application for a patent for invention of CN101653067A discloses a kind of " energy-saving high-efficiency tapioca root harvester ", but the digger blade mechanism of this machine still adopts perching knife, two wing fences are provided with unreasonable, each ploughs half ridge, the both sides cassava can't once be dug out, and disconnected potato leakage is received more serious, also uses vibration digging technology and vibrating transportation material sieving technology, do not solve the cassava results and must deep-cut the technical problem of dark loose operation and the screening of native potato, inapplicable to the soil beyond the sandy loam; Other Brazilian products that just using on the market mostly are shovels, and function is only loosened the soil, and does not have screening plant; The product that certain factory's potato harvester is improved at agricultural machinery popularization station, Guangxi does not meet local soil plantation characteristics especially, foraminous conveyer is the rubber material, results 8-30 mu will be changed, the use cost height, also only 30 centimetres of excavating depths, should be used for sandy loam (not being suitable for clay loam), friction device, screening effect are also very poor; Therefore, all there is cassava damage ratio height in present existing product, leaks problems such as yield height and bad adaptability.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of cassava harvester, to solve the problem of cassava planting mechanization; This cassava harvester has solved cassava preferably and has gathered in the crops the technical problem that must deep-cut dark loose operation, has also solved the mashed potatoes separation problem simultaneously, therefore, has also solved cassava damage ratio height, the high problem of leakage yield that existing cassava harvester machinery exists.
The technical scheme that solves the problems of the technologies described above is: a kind of cassava harvester, comprise digger blade mechanism, conveying mechanism, towing bracket and power drive mechanism, described digger blade mechanism is a crank type vibration digger blade, soil breaking tool and vibration soil breaking tool in the middle of this crank type vibration digger blade comprises, described conveying mechanism comprises chain row conveyer belt assembly, described chain row conveyer belt assembly afterbody is connected with the screening mechanism of a frequency wobbles, crank type vibration digger blade is fixed on the frame, the articulated jib and the tractor that are fixed on the frame are articulated and connected, integral body is waves shape, suppress link arm and the tractor hydraulic push rod links as the lifting of towing bracket, give frame and crank type vibration digger blade strong pressure and lifting force; Tractor drives umbrella tooth transmission case by power input shaft, umbrella tooth transmission case passes to chain row's conveyer belt assembly and screening mechanism by chain kit with power, drive the motion of chain row conveyer belt assembly, screening mechanism is with the frequency frequency wobbles of f2, umbrella tooth transmission case drives the bent axle high speed rotating of crank type vibration digger blade by chain kit B outputting power, drive the frequency dither of the vibration soil breaking tool of crank type vibration digger blade with f1, vibration screening mechanism is with the frequency frequency wobbles of f2; F1>f2.
Its further technical scheme is: the vibration soil breaking tool of described crank type vibration digger blade comprises n vibration soil breaking tool movable block, soil breaking tool is fixedly mounted on the column in the middle of described, column is installed in triangular spade base plate front portion, triangular spade base plate rear portion is equipped with n erection support, n bent axle and n connecting rod with middle soil breaking tool interlock are installed on it, n vibration soil breaking tool movable block is installed in the front portion of n connecting rod, n bent axle links and becomes a long bent axle, the power transmission position is in the middle of the long bent axle, the dissection type sprocket wheel is installed above, and its power is imported into by the jackshaft drive sprocket of umbrella tooth transmission case by chain kit B; Soil breaking tool is the colter that its head is point plough bar shaped shovel in the middle of described, n the vibration soil breaking tool movable block that works the vibration soil breaking tool of the effect of breaking ground then is tabular hoe sheet, move freely in the scope that can before and after up and down, set, the span of the n of described n vibration soil breaking tool movable block is: n is the arbitrary integer between the 2-20, the vibration soil breaking tool is with the frequency dither of f1, and the frequency range of f1 is: the 50-80 hertz.
Described chain row conveyer belt assembly comprises: drive chain wheel shaft, driven support wheel shaft, supporting plate, elastic tension roller, and chain row conveyer belt, the chain cribbing of chain row conveyer belt is welded by carrier bar and steel pipe, is traverse II word shape rotation shape; Drive chain wheel shaft two ends are connected on the frame, are in a chain row conveyer belt inclined-plane high position, and driven support wheel shaft also is to be fixed on the frame, but are in chain row conveyer belt inclined-plane low level; At low place, inclined-plane 4 fixing supporting plate support chain row conveyer belts are arranged, guarantee that it is subjected to force intensity; The elastic tension roller is in chain row conveyer belt slack list, the elastic tension chain row conveyer belt between drive chain wheel shaft and the driven support wheel shaft, and simultaneously, the power input sprocket that is positioned at drive chain wheel shaft one end is equipped with the freewheel clutch that plays overload protective function.
Described vibration screening mechanism comprises: U type grooved sieve row, hinge and eccentric rod gear; Hinge two ends and frame are fixedly connected, and U type grooved sieve row is welded on hinge and puts, and the swing arm of eccentric rod gear also is fixedly connected with the hinge cover, and is hinged by hinge and frame; By the swing arm of eccentric rod gear, U type grooved sieve row is teetered with the frequency of f2, the sieve mashed potatoes are thrown in vibration; The frequency range of f2 is: the 15-20 hertz.
Because adopt said structure, the cassava harvester of the utility model has following beneficial effect:
1, because the crank type of the utility model cassava harvester vibration digger blade utilizes bent axle high frequency transmission principle, lead slope and tractor-drawn acting in conjunction in conjunction with screen, reach and deep-cut (more than 40 centimetres) plane mellow soil, propelling movement material (cassava and soil) are arranged conveyer belt screening mashed potatoes to chain purpose, therefore, solved cassava damage ratio height, the high problem of leakage yield that existing cassava harvester machinery exists preferably; And the U type grooved sieve row screening cassava and the earth of leading slope, chain row conveyer belt, vibration screening mechanism I by screen.
2, chain row conveyer belt is made by steel link chain and thick-walled pipe, and good rigidly is difficult for side set, operates steadily, and can play good conveying and promote material, the effect of screening cassava earth.
3, the afterbody of chain row conveyer belt is equipped with vibration screening mechanism, adopts another amplitude of oscillation frequently of shaking, screening cassava and earth; Good sieving actoion is played in the acting in conjunction of the conveyer belt afterbody of runout and vibration screening mechanism I up and down, and cassava earth is well separated, and the cassava of results embarks on journey discharging neatly on ground, solved the mashed potatoes separation problem preferably.
More than 3 both guaranteed that cassava deep-cut results quality and effect, improved operating efficiency again greatly, shortened the cassava harvest time, reduced the cassava planting cost, improved the cassava mechanization degree.
Below, the technical characterictic to the cassava harvester of the utility model is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-1~Fig. 1-2: the structural representation of the cassava harvester of the utility model:
Fig. 1-1: front view,
The vertical view of Fig. 1-2: Fig. 1-1;
Fig. 2-1~Fig. 2-2: the structural representation of the crank type vibration digger blade of cassava harvester:
Fig. 2-1: front view,
The upward view of Fig. 2-2: Fig. 2-1.
Among the figure:
I-vibration screening mechanism, II-chain row conveyer belt assembly, III-crank type vibration digger blade, IV-articulated jib, V-umbrella tooth transmission case, VI-power input shaft, link arm is suppressed in VII-lifting, VIII-frame, IX 01-chain kit A, IX 02-chain kit B, the jackshaft drive sprocket of IX 021-chain kit B; The regulating wheel of X 01-chain kit A;
11-U type grooved sieve row, 12-hinge, 13-eccentric rod gear;
The driven support wheel shaft of 21-, 22-supporting plate, 23-drive chain wheel shaft, 24-power input sprocket, 25-elastic tension roller, 26-chain row conveyer belt;
Soil breaking tool in the middle of the 31-, 32-vibrates soil breaking tool, 321,322 ..., 3210-vibration soil breaking tool movable block, 33-column, 34-bent axle, 35-bearing, 36-triangular spade base plate, 37-connecting rod, the transmission mechanism that the 38-sprocket wheel is formed.
Embodiment
A kind of cassava harvester.
Shown in Fig. 1-1~Fig. 1-2, the cassava harvester of the utility model comprises digger blade mechanism, conveying mechanism, towing bracket and power drive mechanism, described digger blade mechanism is a crank type vibration digger blade III, soil breaking tool 31 and vibration soil breaking tool 32 in the middle of this crank type vibration digger blade III comprises, described conveying mechanism comprises chain row conveyer belt assembly II, described chain row conveyer belt assembly II afterbody is connected with the screening mechanism I of a frequency wobbles, crank type vibration digger blade III is fixed on the frame VIII, the articulated jib IV and the tractor that are fixed on the frame are articulated and connected, integral body is waves shape, suppress the link arm VII and the tractor hydraulic push rod links as the lifting of towing bracket, give frame VIII and crank type vibration digger blade III strong pressure and lifting force; Tractor drives umbrella tooth transmission case V by the power input shaft VI, umbrella tooth transmission case V is by chain kit A(IX 01) power is passed to chain row's conveyer belt assembly II and the motion of screening mechanism I drive chain row conveyer belt assembly II, the screening mechanism I is with the frequency frequency wobbles of f2, simultaneously umbrella tooth transmission case V is by chain kit B(IX 02) outputting power drives the bent axle high speed rotating of crank type vibration digger blade III, drive the frequency dither of the vibration soil breaking tool 32 of crank type vibration digger blade III with f1, f1>f2, the frequency range of f1 is: the 50-80 hertz, the frequency range of f2 is: the 15-20 hertz.
Shown in Fig. 2-1~Fig. 2-2, soil breaking tool 31 in the middle of described crank type vibration digger blade III comprises, vibration soil breaking tool 32, soil breaking tool is fixedly mounted on the column 33 in the middle of described, column 33 is installed in triangular spade base plate front portion, the column back is equivalent to transmission case, protection chain drive is to bent axle, triangular spade base plate rear portion is equipped with 10 erection supports, 10 bent axles and 10 connecting rods with middle soil breaking tool interlock are installed on it, 10 vibration soil breaking tool movable blocks (321,322,3210) be installed in the front portion of 10 connecting rods, 10 bent axles link and become a long bent axle, the power transmission position is in the middle of the long bent axle, dissection type sprocket wheel 38 is installed above, and its power is imported into by the jackshaft drive sprocket IX 021 of chain kit B by umbrella tooth transmission case V; Soil breaking tool 31 is colters that its head is point plough bar shaped shovel in the middle of described, and each vibration soil breaking tool movable block that works the vibration soil breaking tool 32 of the effect of breaking ground then is a tabular hoe sheet, move freely in the scope that can before and after up and down, set,
As a kind of conversion of the utility model embodiment, as required, the piece of the vibration soil breaking tool movable block of described vibration soil breaking tool 32 is counted n can be increased or reduce, and the span of general n is: n is the arbitrary integer between the 2-20.
Described chain row conveyer belt assembly II comprises: drive chain wheel shaft 23, driven support wheel shaft 21, supporting plate 22, elastic tension roller 25, and chain row conveyer belt 26, the chain cribbing of chain row conveyer belt is welded by carrier bar and steel pipe, is traverse II font; Drive chain wheel shaft 23 two ends are connected on the frame, are in a chain row conveyer belt inclined-plane high position, and driven support wheel shaft 21 also is to be fixed on the frame, but are in chain row conveyer belt band inclined-plane low level; At low place, inclined-plane 4 fixing supporting plate 22 support chain row conveyer belts 26 are arranged, guarantee that it is subjected to force intensity; The chain that elastic tension roller 25 is between drive chain wheel shaft 23 and the driven support wheel shaft 21 is arranged the conveyer belt slack list, is used for elastic tension chain row conveyer belt, and it can play tension can prevent to stick into hard thing damage conveying hoister structures such as stone wood again; Simultaneously, the power input sprocket 24 that is positioned at drive chain wheel shaft 23 1 ends has been equipped with the freewheel clutch of overload protective function.The cassava of digging out is carried by chain row conveyer belt, and mashed potatoes are easily separated, and small clod is easy to fall, and is beneficial to the screening mashed potatoes (referring to Fig. 1-1~Fig. 1-2).
Described vibration screening mechanism I comprises: U type grooved sieve row 11, hinge 12, eccentric rod gear 13; Hinge 12 two ends and frame VIII are fixedly connected, and U type grooved sieve row 11 is welded on hinge and puts, and the swing arm 131 of eccentric rod gear 13 also is fixedly connected with the hinge cover, and is hinged by hinge 12 and frame VIII; Under the power drive that umbrella tooth transmission case V is transmitted by chain kit A IX 01, by the swing arm of eccentric rod gear 13, make U type grooved sieve row 11 with frequency wobbles about the frequency of f2, the sieve mashed potatoes are thrown in vibration; The frequency range of f2 is: the 15-20 hertz is (referring to Fig. 1-1~Fig. 1-2).
The course of work:
At first be that tractor is transported to the place of working to this cassava harvester extension, then by the work of tractor hydraulic reversal valve, tractor hydraulic push rod and lifting are suppressed the link arm VII and are hinged, and the link arm VII is suppressed in this lifting allows frame VIII and crank type vibration digger blade III and ground be in the state of suppressing; Tractor drives umbrella tooth transmission case V by the power input shaft VI, umbrella tooth transmission case V by chain kit A IX 01 power is passed to chain row's conveyer belt assembly II and the screening mechanism I drives the motion of chain row conveyer belt assembly II, the screening mechanism I is with the frequency frequency wobbles of f2, umbrella tooth transmission case V drives the bent axle high speed rotating of crank type vibration digger blade III by chain kit B outputting power simultaneously, drive the frequency dither of the vibration soil breaking tool 32 of crank type vibration digger blade III with f1, with tractor drawbar pull, the acting in conjunction of hydraulic pressure strong pressure, deep-cut to limitting deep-seated to put, dig loose earth, cassava and earth push toward conveyer belt by screen is domatic together, part earth falls ground after rise by screen, other earth also fall ground after rise by chain row conveyer belt assembly II in course of conveying, or the U type grooved sieve that arrives the vibration screening mechanism I is arranged, thrown sieve by vibration, cassava, earth is well separated, and cassava embarks on journey discharging neatly at ground surface; Because this digger blade mechanism is continuous operation, rational in infrastructure, rigidity is strong, so harvest operation is very quick and convenient, reliable and practical.