CN201365427Y - Capillary liquid-suction type plug seedling raising device - Google Patents
Capillary liquid-suction type plug seedling raising device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201365427Y CN201365427Y CNU200920023014XU CN200920023014U CN201365427Y CN 201365427 Y CN201365427 Y CN 201365427Y CN U200920023014X U CNU200920023014X U CN U200920023014XU CN 200920023014 U CN200920023014 U CN 200920023014U CN 201365427 Y CN201365427 Y CN 201365427Y
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
一种毛管吸液式穴盘育苗装置，适用于温室或塑料大棚等植物育苗使用，该装置克服了传统育苗装置成本高、水肥利用率低、人力消耗较多、难以灵活控制基质湿度等缺点，该装置由液槽架、液槽、毛管吸液式穴盘、吸液绳、贮液池、输液管道、水泵等部分构成。毛管吸液式穴盘由普通的塑料质穴盘与吸液绳组成，吸液绳可由普通棉绳或其他吸水性较好的纤维制成，通过每个育苗穴中的吸液绳吸水这一特性实现了对幼苗均匀的水分供给，下部水泵、进液管、回液管和贮液池连接起来组成培养液循环系统，可对幼苗进行定时定量的水分供给，从而实现了降低成本、节约资源、改善育苗环境、提高水肥利用率、为幼苗提供一个更为有利于生长的可控湿度的环境以及培育壮苗的目标。
A capillary liquid-absorbing plug seedling raising device, suitable for plant seedling raising in greenhouses or plastic greenhouses, which overcomes the disadvantages of traditional seedling raising devices such as high cost, low water and fertilizer utilization rate, high manpower consumption, and difficulty in flexibly controlling substrate humidity. The device is composed of a liquid tank frame, a liquid tank, a capillary liquid-absorbing tray, a liquid-absorbing rope, a liquid storage pool, an infusion pipeline, a water pump and the like. The capillary liquid-absorbing tray is composed of an ordinary plastic tray and a liquid-absorbing rope. The liquid-absorbing rope can be made of ordinary cotton rope or other fibers with better water absorption. The characteristics realize the uniform water supply to the seedlings. The lower water pump, the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid return pipe and the liquid storage tank are connected to form a culture liquid circulation system, which can provide regular and quantitative water supply to the seedlings, thereby reducing costs and saving resources. , Improving the seedling raising environment, increasing the water and fertilizer utilization rate, providing seedlings with a more conducive environment for growth and controlling the humidity, and the goal of cultivating strong seedlings.
Description
(一)技术领域 (1) Technical field
本实用新型是适用于温室或塑料大棚等植物育苗使用的资源节约型毛管吸液式穴盘育苗装置。The utility model is a resource-saving capillary liquid-absorbing plug seedling raising device suitable for plant seedling raising in greenhouses or plastic greenhouses.
(二)技术背景(2) Technical background
工厂化育苗在我国发展迅速，目前已在蔬菜、花卉、果树、烟草等作物育苗上广泛应用，但现有的育苗装置的供液方式多采用盘上喷雾式、盘上滴灌式或漂浮式。盘上自动喷雾装置结构复杂，投入大，成本高，且喷雾后增大了保护地内空气湿度，对幼苗生长及防止病害的发生和传播极为不利；盘上滴灌所需管道较多，且穴与穴之间接水不均，影响幼苗的均匀生长；而漂浮育苗又因贮液池建筑要求高，需水量大，液体连通有利于根部病菌传播等缺陷而受到应用限制。某些地区采用传统喷灌的方式，此种方式易导致水分供应不均匀，基质湿度变化较大，水分利用率低，且幼苗易倒伏，影响育苗整齐度和育苗效率。Industrialized seedling cultivation is developing rapidly in my country, and it has been widely used in the cultivation of vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, tobacco and other crops. However, the liquid supply methods of the existing seedling cultivation devices are mostly spraying on the tray, drip irrigation on the tray or floating. The structure of the automatic spraying device on the plate is complicated, the investment is large, the cost is high, and the air humidity in the protected area is increased after spraying, which is extremely unfavorable to the growth of seedlings and the prevention of the occurrence and spread of diseases; more pipes are required for drip irrigation on the plate, and the holes and The uneven water connection between the holes affects the uniform growth of the seedlings; and the floating seedlings are limited in application due to the high requirements for the construction of the liquid storage tank, the large water demand, and the liquid connection that is conducive to the spread of root germs. In some areas, traditional sprinkler irrigation is used, which can easily lead to uneven water supply, large changes in substrate humidity, low water use efficiency, and easy lodging of seedlings, which affects the uniformity and efficiency of seedling cultivation.
(三)发明内容 (3) Contents of the invention
本实用新型设计的目的就是针对以上设施育苗中存在的诸多问题，对传统育苗装置进行适当的结构改良，以实现装置结构简单，成本低廉，节工省料，优质高效，提高整体水分利用率，对湿度的较强控制，使幼苗在一个更为合理的湿度环境里通过苗期，培育出优质壮苗，从而提高经济效益，为蔬菜育苗提供一条新途径。本实用新型设计适用于我国工厂化育苗特点的使用要求和多种育苗条件下的推广应用。The purpose of the design of the utility model is to solve the many problems existing in the above facility seedling cultivation, and to carry out appropriate structural improvements to the traditional seedling cultivation device, so as to realize the simple structure of the device, low cost, labor and material saving, high quality and high efficiency, and improve the overall water utilization rate. Strong control of humidity enables seedlings to pass through the seedling stage in a more reasonable humidity environment, and cultivate high-quality and strong seedlings, thereby improving economic benefits and providing a new way for vegetable seedling cultivation. The design of the utility model is applicable to the use requirements of the characteristics of industrialized seedling raising in my country and popularization and application under various seedling raising conditions.
本装置主要由液槽架、液槽、支撑架、毛管吸液式穴盘、吸液绳、贮液池、输液管道、水泵等部分构成。The device is mainly composed of a liquid tank frame, a liquid tank, a support frame, a capillary liquid suction tray, a liquid suction rope, a liquid storage pool, an infusion pipeline, a water pump and the like.
毛管吸液式穴盘由普通塑料穴盘和吸液绳组成。每个育苗穴为倒多棱锥型，穴高3～6cm，每穴底部有一直径5mm左右的小孔，吸液绳由小孔中穿过，为灌溉用水与育苗基质相连的介质，保证每穴有一根吸液绳，可以两个育苗穴共用一根吸液绳，吸液绳可固定在穴盘内壁上，也可埋于育苗基质中，但要保证吸液绳贯穿每个育苗穴中的基质并且吸液绳的下端要有足够的长度浸入液槽的培养液中，吸液绳可由普通棉绳或其他吸水性较好的纤维制成。The capillary suction tray is composed of an ordinary plastic tray and a suction rope. Each seedling hole is in the shape of an inverted polygonal pyramid with a height of 3 to 6 cm. There is a small hole with a diameter of about 5 mm at the bottom of each hole. There is a liquid-absorbing rope, which can be shared by two seedling holes. The liquid-absorbing rope can be fixed on the inner wall of the hole tray, or buried in the seedling substrate, but it must be ensured that the liquid-absorbing rope runs through every seedling hole. Substrate and the lower end of the liquid-absorbing rope will have sufficient length to immerse in the culture solution of the liquid tank, and the liquid-absorbing rope can be made of ordinary cotton rope or other fibers with better water absorption.
支撑架介于液槽与穴盘之间，起支撑穴盘作用，要保证其整体尽量水平。The supporting frame is interposed between the liquid tank and the tray, and plays the role of supporting the tray, so as to ensure that the whole is as horizontal as possible.
液槽设有进液口和排液口，液槽可由实验用泡沫板组成，其上铺一层厚塑料膜，也可用生产中常用的水泥池。The liquid tank is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid discharge port. The liquid tank can be composed of a foam board for experiments, and a layer of thick plastic film is laid on it, or a cement pool commonly used in production can also be used.
贮液池为密封较好的塔(桶)型塑料桶或水泥池，其上设有出、回液口。液槽、水泵、贮液池之间由输液管道相连。The liquid storage pool is a well-sealed tower (barrel) plastic bucket or cement pool, on which there are liquid outlets and liquid return ports. The liquid tank, the water pump and the liquid storage tank are connected by a transfusion pipeline.
以上各部分组成了资源节约型毛管吸液式穴盘育苗装置。The above parts form a resource-saving capillary liquid suction type plug seedling raising device.
该实用新型的效果是：The effect of this utility model is:
1、水分合理供给：通过自吸式毛管结构，使水分被均匀上吸，水分供应及时均匀，为作物创造一个更为有利的生长环境，并且由于水分是缓慢吸收，因此不会因为水温的问题而使供液时间段受到限制。1. Reasonable water supply: Through the self-priming capillary structure, the water is evenly sucked up, and the water supply is timely and even, creating a more favorable growth environment for the crops, and because the water is slowly absorbed, it will not be affected by the water temperature. And the liquid supply time period is limited.
2、有利于病虫害的防治：水分由下向上供给，以及穴盘的遮挡，使液槽内的水分蒸发更慢，降低了空气湿度，有效的防止了病虫害的发生。2. Conducive to the prevention and control of pests and diseases: the water is supplied from bottom to top, and the cover of the tray makes the water in the liquid tank evaporate more slowly, reduces the air humidity, and effectively prevents the occurrence of pests and diseases.
3、降低成本：通过吸液绳、塑料穴盘等组合而成的育苗装置，省去大量成本高的灌溉设备，实现了水分低投入高效率的利用。3. Cost reduction: The seedling raising device combined with liquid suction rope and plastic tray saves a lot of high-cost irrigation equipment and realizes the utilization of water with low input and high efficiency.
4、节约资源：自吸式的毛管结构以及床架配套的循环供液系统能够根据基质中的水分含量和幼苗对水分的需求控制水分的供排时间，提高水分利用率，避免了传统的喷灌会有相当一部分水分洒在外面现象的发生，减少了水分的浪费；由于采用了毛管吸液，整个育苗过程避免了水分的外流，因此也就避免了穴盘中肥料的流失，提高了肥料利用率；同时省去了大量人力，提高了工作效率。4. Saving resources: The self-priming capillary structure and the circulating liquid supply system supporting the bed frame can control the water supply and drainage time according to the water content in the substrate and the water demand of the seedlings, improve the water utilization rate, and avoid the traditional sprinkler irrigation A considerable part of the water will be sprinkled outside, reducing the waste of water; due to the use of capillary suction, the entire seedling raising process avoids the outflow of water, thus avoiding the loss of fertilizer in the plug tray and improving the use of fertilizer efficiency; at the same time save a lot of manpower and improve work efficiency.
5、有利于作物生长：此装置提供的育苗方式可有效降低传统浇灌时造成的幼苗倒伏现象，从而可促进幼苗的健壮生长，提高幼苗的成活率。5. Good for crop growth: The seedling raising method provided by this device can effectively reduce the seedling lodging phenomenon caused by traditional watering, thereby promoting the robust growth of seedlings and improving the survival rate of seedlings.
6、可以结合传感器和自动控制技术，实现定时定量供液，方便管理。同时还能满足部分科研需要，可作为苗期的实验装置。6. It can be combined with sensor and automatic control technology to realize regular and quantitative liquid supply, which is convenient for management. At the same time, it can also meet the needs of some scientific research and can be used as an experimental device at the seedling stage.
(四)附图说明 (4) Description of drawings
图1为资源节约型毛管吸液式穴盘育苗装置示意图Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a resource-saving capillary suction type plug seedling device
图2为装置整体剖面图Figure 2 is the overall cross-sectional view of the device
图3为育苗盘局部剖面图Figure 3 is a partial sectional view of the seedling tray
图4为毛管吸液式穴盘示意图Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a capillary suction tray
图中：1为毛管吸液式穴盘，2为液槽，3为支撑架，4为液槽架，5为进液管，6为水泵，7为回液管，8为贮液池，9为进液口，10为排液口，11为育苗穴，12为吸液绳。In the figure: 1 is the capillary suction tray, 2 is the liquid tank, 3 is the support frame, 4 is the liquid tank frame, 5 is the liquid inlet pipe, 6 is the water pump, 7 is the liquid return pipe, 8 is the liquid storage tank, 9 is a liquid inlet, and 10 is a liquid discharge port, and 11 is a seedling hole, and 12 is a liquid-absorbing rope.
(五)具体实施方式 (5) Specific implementation methods
以下根据图1、2、3、4所示，详细介绍毛管吸液式穴盘育苗装置的实施方式。Shown in Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4 below, the implementation of the capillary suction type plug seedling raising device will be introduced in detail.
毛管吸液式穴盘(1)由普通育苗穴盘与吸液绳(10)组合而成，吸液绳(10)贯穿育苗穴(9)，并通过其底部的小孔穿出伸入液槽(2)中的培养液里，这样水分便通过吸液绳(10)被吸到育苗穴(9)的基质中。穴盘由支撑架(3)固定在液槽(2)之上，尽量将穴盘摆放紧密，降低液槽(2)中水分的蒸发，支撑架(3)的高度以吸液绳(10)浸入培养液中的长度以及穴盘底部与培养液液面的距离来确定，一般吸液绳(10)浸入培养液10cm左右，穴盘底部与培养液液面的距离以10cm左右为宜，支撑架(3)可由钢筋、钢管等材料制成。培养液贮存在液槽(2)中，液槽(2)底面尽量保持水平，排液口附近(10)稍凹陷，侧壁高度以25cm左右为宜，液槽可由泡沫塑料制成，表面铺塑料膜，也可直接砌成水泥池，这样可省去下部的液槽架(4)而将液槽(2)直接建在地面上。液槽架(4)支撑液槽(2)以及其上各部分，液槽架(4)可由三角铁焊接而成，也可由其他成本较低的硬质材料制成。The capillary liquid-absorbing plug (1) is composed of an ordinary seedling-raising plug and a liquid-absorbing rope (10). In the nutrient solution in the groove (2), moisture is just sucked in the substrate of hole (9) by liquid-absorbing rope (10) like this. The trays are fixed on the liquid tank (2) by the support frame (3), and the trays are placed tightly as far as possible to reduce the evaporation of water in the liquid tank (2). ) is immersed in the culture solution and the distance between the bottom of the tray and the liquid surface of the culture solution is determined. Generally, the suction rope (10) is immersed in the culture solution for about 10 cm, and the distance between the bottom of the tray and the liquid surface of the culture solution is preferably about 10 cm. Bracing frame (3) can be made of materials such as steel bar, steel pipe. The culture fluid is stored in the liquid tank (2), and the bottom surface of the liquid tank (2) is kept as horizontal as possible, and (10) is slightly sunken near the liquid outlet, and the height of the side wall is preferably about 25cm. Plastic film also can be directly built into cement pond, can save the liquid tank support (4) of bottom like this and liquid tank (2) is directly built on the ground. The liquid tank frame (4) supports the liquid tank (2) and each part thereof, and the liquid tank frame (4) can be welded by a triangle iron, and can also be made of other lower-cost hard materials.
贮液池(8)中注入充足的培养液，当基质中水分不足时，通过水泵(6)将培养液注入液槽(2)中，当基质中水分充足时，控制排液口(9)开关，将培养液排入贮液池(8)中备用。Inject sufficient culture solution into the liquid storage tank (8), when the water in the substrate is insufficient, inject the culture solution into the liquid tank (2) through the water pump (6), and control the drain outlet (9) when the water in the substrate is sufficient switch, the culture solution is discharged into the liquid storage tank (8) for subsequent use.
本育苗装置根据需要改变各零部件规格，可单盘培养，也可用作大规模工厂化育苗。The seedling raising device can change the specifications of each part according to needs, and can be cultivated in a single tray, and can also be used for large-scale industrial seedling raising.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101810092A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-08-25 | 山东农业大学 | Plug seedling method for mulching plastic film on heliogreenhouse cucumber in winter and early spring |
| CN102369848A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-14 | 林清源 | Open type non-environmental controlled household plant factory utilizing artificial light |
| CN102937557A (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-02-20 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for measuring moisture content of tray matrix |
| CN103749186A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-04-30 | 梁振成 | Planting bed composite structure for high-density indoor planting |
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| CN104365407A (en) * | 2014-12-07 | 2015-02-25 | 正安县瑞缘茶业有限公司 | Tea seedling culture apparatus |
| CN105766186A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-20 | 济南伟丽种业有限公司 | Automatic water and fertilizer supply system for intensive seedling raising |
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| CN106134605A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-23 | 济南伟丽种业有限公司 | A kind of intensive seedling production automatic water-fertilizer feed system |
| CN107371722A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 安徽鹏翔生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fruit Cucumber |
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2009
- 2009-03-06 CN CNU200920023014XU patent/CN201365427Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101810092A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-08-25 | 山东农业大学 | Plug seedling method for mulching plastic film on heliogreenhouse cucumber in winter and early spring |
| CN102369848A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-14 | 林清源 | Open type non-environmental controlled household plant factory utilizing artificial light |
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| CN104365407A (en) * | 2014-12-07 | 2015-02-25 | 正安县瑞缘茶业有限公司 | Tea seedling culture apparatus |
| CN105766186A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2016-07-20 | 济南伟丽种业有限公司 | Automatic water and fertilizer supply system for intensive seedling raising |
| CN106134605A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-23 | 济南伟丽种业有限公司 | A kind of intensive seedling production automatic water-fertilizer feed system |
| CN106034476A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-10-26 | 广德县富农葡萄专业合作社 | Water circulation system of germination accelerating equipment |
| CN107371722A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 安徽鹏翔生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Fruit Cucumber |
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