CN109964804B

CN109964804B - Three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device

Info

Publication number: CN109964804B
Application number: CN201910320235.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王康杰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-19
Filing date: 2019-04-19
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-19
Also published as: CN109964804A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional water-saving cultivation, and discloses a three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation device which comprises a field planting basin, wherein a drain hole is formed in the bottom end of the right side of the field planting basin, a reticular conical support column is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of an inner cavity of the field planting basin, the stand column is of a three-layer sleeve type structure, the stand column is sealed up and down, a pressure water supply pipe is arranged in an innermost sleeve, a water storage bin is arranged between the stand column and a second sleeve layer, a cultivation medium bin is arranged in a third sleeve layer, and climbing holes are distributed in the wall of the outermost layer. The three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device are a novel three-dimensional cultivation mode which does not depend on electric energy and the technology of the Internet of things, are simple in structure and economical in cost, provide a technical approach which is low in investment, low in cost and simple in management for farmers to realize the basic maintenance-free cultivation of gardening by means of simple greenhouses, are particularly suitable for cultivation of aerial root climbing horticultural plants, and can be applied to flower gardening and small leaf vegetable plants in an expanding mode.

Description

Three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional water-saving cultivation, in particular to a three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device.

Background

The existing cultivation mode for facility agriculture popularization is characterized in that water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation is based on the technology of the Internet of things, soilless cultivation is carried out through a liquid storage tank and a circulating pump, but the soilless cultivation is carried out through a liquid storage tank and a circulating pump, the investment of a column type structure and a bed type structure is too large or the integrated matching requirement is high, large-area popularization and utilization are difficult in specific production, most of the existing cultivation modes are scientific research institutions, technical departments or modern agriculture demonstration parks as technical display, the common problems are that the technical threshold is too high, the investment is too large, the energy or informatization dependency degree is high, the technology is not suitable for the current reality of hollowness and labor aging in vast rural areas, the technology level of moderate scale operation and farmers is not matched, even if some crops with high added value are in the existing facility agriculture cultivation conditions, price competition advantages are lost due to cost improvement, the novel technical device and method are provided, the technology level is suitable for small farmers, family farms or cooperatives are low, the structure is simple, maintenance is convenient, three-layer type air plant self-pressure rooting cultivation method is provided, and the three-dimensional sleeve rooting method is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

(one) solving the technical problems

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressing water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device, which have the advantages of being independent of automatic equipment and realizing water conservation, trouble saving, money saving, labor saving and worry saving, solve the problems of overlarge one-time investment cost, high technical difficulty and high maintenance cost, and are not matched with the technical level of developing moderate-scale operation and peasants at the present stage, and the problems of being not suitable for economic and practical forces of small peasants, family farms or cooperation society.

(II) technical scheme

In order to realize the purposes of not depending on automation equipment and realizing water saving, trouble saving, money saving, labor saving and worry saving, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation device comprises a field planting basin, a drain hole is formed in the bottom end of the right side of the field planting basin, a reticular conical support column is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of an inner cavity of the field planting basin, a base is fixedly connected to the upper end of the reticular conical support column, a PVC upright post is fixedly connected to the top of the base, an outermost layer pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the PVC upright post, aerial root climbing holes are formed in the outer equidistant of the outermost layer pipe, a second layer PVC pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the top end of the PVC upright post and positioned on the inner side of the outermost layer pipe, the base is a disc-shaped grid, the diameter of the base is twenty centimeters, the outermost layer pipe is a hollow cylinder, a gap exists between the outermost layer pipe and the second layer PVC pipe, cultivation medium is filled in the gap, the height of the outermost layer pipe is one hundred twenty centimeters, the diameter is seven-point five centimeters, the four sides of the outer wall of the outermost layer pipe are uniformly distributed with aerial climbing holes, nine air roots climb holes are formed in each face, the total number of the air roots climb holes is thirty-six, the innermost layer PVC pipe is fixedly connected to the inside of the top end of the PVC upright post and positioned on the inner side of the second layer PVC pipe, a plastic float liquid level switch is fixedly arranged in the innermost layer PVC pipe, the innermost layer PVC pipe is a self-pressure water supply pipe, two communicating holes are formed in the bottom end of one side opposite to the second layer PVC pipe and the innermost layer PVC pipe, water seepage ropes are fixedly arranged on the opposite side of the second layer PVC pipe and the outermost layer pipe at equal distances, the injected water fertilizer is conducted into cultivation media in the interlayer through the water seepage ropes, the water seepage ropes enable the cultivation media to keep a moist state, the second layer PVC pipe is a hollow cylinder, the diameter of the second layer PVC pipe is six centimeters, the water seepage ropes are cotton or flax, every ten centimetres high distributions is one, and infiltration rope's one end runs through the inside of second floor PVC pipe, and the other end is placed in the cultivation medium in the middle of outermost layer pipe and the second floor PVC pipe, the top swing joint of outermost layer intraductal wall has the screw cap, the screw cap is annular, the water filling port has been seted up to the left end of second floor PVC pipe inner chamber top lateral wall, plastics float liquid level switch's top fixedly connected with float connecting wire.

Preferably, the field planting basin is high-strength PVC, the bottom of the field planting basin is a plane, the upper diameter of the field planting basin is thirty centimeters, the lower diameter of the field planting basin is eighteen centimeters, the height of the field planting basin is fifty centimeters, the lower part of the PVC upright post is of a hollow structure, and the upper part of the PVC upright post is of a closed three-layer sleeve.

Preferably, the height of the reticular cone-shaped supporting columns is eight centimeters, the number of the reticular cone-shaped supporting columns is eight, and the eight reticular cone-shaped supporting columns are equidistantly distributed at the bottom of the base.

The invention also provides a three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method, which comprises the following steps:

1) Injecting clear water or nutrient water into the second-layer PVC pipe from a water injection port formed in the top of the second-layer PVC pipe, wherein after a certain amount of clear water or nutrient water is injected along the second-layer PVC pipe, the clear water flows into the innermost-layer PVC pipe through the communicating port, and the water injection is automatically stopped when a plastic float liquid level switch in the innermost-layer PVC pipe reaches a set water level;

2) Soil or cultivation medium is filled at the bottom of the planting pot and the upper part of the base, the aerial root climbing type plant roots are planted above the base, plant stems are tied up and fixed on the outermost layer pipe, the aerial root can extend into the aerial root climbing holes at the upper part to grow upwards due to the characteristic that the plant roots face water and fertilizer, the cultivation medium is kept in a moist state through the water seepage rope, nutrients are conveyed for the aerial root, new aerial roots can be generated from the plant stems growing upwards, and the aerial root climbing type plant roots grow upwards through the climbing holes repeatedly.

3) The residual gravity water which cannot be absorbed by plants in the culture medium of the outermost layer pipe and the second layer PVC pipe clamp layer can leak to the bottom of the pipe wall, flows into the field planting basin through the bottom aerial root climbing hole to provide nutrients for the root system at the bottom, the residual gravity water in the field planting basin can leak to the bottom of the field planting basin through the net structure of the chassis, the plant root system also can stretch down to the net conical support column through the net structure, the residual ponding can flow out from the drain hole, and the root system is ensured not to pond;

4) According to plant growth height, can set up different liquid levels in different periods, the plastics float liquid level switch is automatic moisturizing when the liquid level of the PVC pipe of the innermost layer descends, ensures that the cultivation medium of settlement liquid level height keeps moist state, under the appropriate condition of temperature, the scindapsus aureus can reach 2 leaves of a week, 3 centimetres growth rate every week, can cultivate the commodity scindapsus aureus of 120cm height of a basin within 2 months.

(III) beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device, and the three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device have the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device, the base support unit is formed by the circular grid-shaped base and the conical net-shaped tapered support column array, the circular grid-shaped base can be clamped on the inner wall of the fixed planting basin to play a role in stabilizing, redundant water can be filtered off by the net-shaped structure, meanwhile, a downward growth space is reserved for plant roots, soil hardening can be prevented, respiration of the roots is guaranteed, the outer wall of the conical net-shaped tapered support column array is also a hollow net-shaped structure, the plant roots can be fully contacted with the soil to obtain nutrients, water outlets are formed in the lower portion of the outer tube for preventing capillary water from becoming gravity water to form ponding, the water outlets are formed in the bottom portion of the inner wall of the fixed planting basin, the device does not depend on the internet of things technology, stable water and fertilizer supply can be achieved, the purposes of saving input cost, saving money, saving labor and worry are achieved, production needs can be met only by means of a water storage device and a power supply in production in a difficult area, production cost is superior to an existing automatic circulation liquid supply mode, household planting and maintenance-free production can be achieved in production, and mass maintenance-free production can be achieved in mass production.

2. The three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method and device designs a three-dimensional cultivation new mode with relatively low cost, relatively simple structure and low energy dependence according to Pascal law, capillary phenomenon and penetrating water Darcy law of water, can realize water and fertilizer supply for one month at normal air temperature of twenty ℃, is particularly suitable for cultivation of aerial root climbing plants, can be widely applied to flower gardening and the like, and can be applied to all leaf vegetable plants after a growing hole of a column structure is connected with a corresponding container.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a field planting basin 1, a water drain hole 2, a net-shaped conical support column 3, a base 4, a PVC upright post 5, an outermost layer pipe 6, an aerial root climbing hole 7, a PVC pipe 8, a PVC pipe 9 at the innermost layer, a water seepage rope 10, a plastic float liquid level switch 11, a float connecting wire 12, a spiral cover 13, a communicating port 14 and a water filling port 15.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Embodiment one: a method for three-dimensionally cultivating scindapsus aureus by self-pressure water supply of sandwich type aerial root plants comprises the following steps:

1) Injecting clear water or nutrient water into the second layer pipe from a water injection port formed in the top of the inner pipe, and automatically stopping water injection when a plastic float liquid level switch on the inner side of the inner pipe reaches a set height after a certain amount of water is injected and flows outwards through the communicating port; the injected water and fertilizer is conducted into the cultivation medium in the interlayer through the water seepage rope, and the cultivation medium is kept in a moist state through the water seepage rope;

2) Lifting a base, spreading a cultivation medium on the bottom, vertically placing an upright post into a field planting basin, planting a group of scindapsus aureus seedling root systems in the field planting basin along the upright post in a circle, binding scindapsus aureus stems upwards on the upright post, and then pouring a small amount of field planting water;

3) The aerial roots at the upper part of the scindapsus aureus can stretch into climbing holes to absorb nutrients, so that the scindapsus aureus can acquire nutrients from the roots and aerial roots at the same time, the growth speed is increased, high air humidity can be maintained without spraying water to vertical columns every day, water which is not absorbed by plants in an interlayer is converted into partial gravity water to flow down along the walls of a second layer pipe and an outer pipe, the partial gravity water flows into a field planting basin through the climbing holes at the bottommost layer for absorbing at the roots of the scindapsus aureus, and in order to prevent water accumulation at the upper part and influence respiration of the scindapsus aureus root system, the net-shaped base can filter the water accumulation, meanwhile, the development space of the scindapsus aureus root system is satisfied, the cultivated scindapsus aureus root system is very healthy and developed in general, and the whole support column can be stretched under a base grid;

4) The bottom root system is contacted with the cultivation medium through the reticular support columns to absorb nutrients, and the accumulated water at the lowest layer can be discharged through the drain holes.

Compared with other planting modes, the method for planting scindapsus aureus saves more manpower and financial resources and successfully cultivates scindapsus aureus.

Embodiment two: a method for three-dimensional cultivation of lettuce by self-pressure water supply of sandwich type aerial root plants comprises the following steps:

1) Injecting clear water or nutrient water into the second layer pipe from a water injection port formed in the top of the inner pipe, and after a certain amount of water is injected, enabling the water to flow outwards through the communicating port, automatically stopping water injection when a plastic float liquid level switch on the inner side of the inner pipe reaches a set highest height, and conducting the injected water and fertilizer into a cultivation medium in the interlayer through a water seepage rope, wherein the cultivation medium is kept in a moist state through the water seepage rope;

2) Taking up the base, spreading a cultivation medium on the bottom, vertically placing the upright post into a field planting basin, uniformly sowing the treated lettuce seeds into the field planting basin, pouring a little field planting water, and simultaneously sowing the lettuce seeds into 36 climbing holes on the outer pipe wall of the upright post, wherein three to four lettuce seeds are arranged in each hole;

3) After the lettuce germinates, the fixed planting pot and the climbing hole lettuce grow simultaneously, stable water and fertilizer supply is obtained from the fixed planting pot and climbing cultivation hole mediums respectively, the stable water and fertilizer supply is not affected by each other, the climbing hole is used for thinning according to one seedling in each hole, and in the growing period, water and fertilizers with different requirements can be provided through a water supply device according to the growth vigor of the lettuce, so that the growing requirement is met.

Compared with other planting modes, the method for planting lettuce is more environment-friendly, green, short in growth period and high in yield benefit.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the circular net-shaped base 4 and the conical net-shaped cone-shaped supporting columns 3 are arrayed to form a base supporting unit, the circular net-shaped base 4 can be clamped on the inner wall of the field planting basin 1 to play a role in stabilizing, the net-shaped structure can filter away redundant water, meanwhile, a downward growth space is reserved for plant roots, soil hardening can be prevented, respiration of the roots is guaranteed, the outer wall of the conical net-shaped cone-shaped supporting columns 3 is also hollow net-shaped structure, the plant roots can be fully contacted with soil to obtain nutrients, capillary water which cannot be absorbed by plants in an interlayer can flow out from climbing holes at the bottom, a drain hole 2 is designed at the bottom of the inner wall of the field planting basin 1 to prevent water accumulation of the field planting basin, the device does not depend on the technology of internet of things, and plants can obtain stable water and fertilizer supply, the method realizes the purposes of saving input cost and labor cost, saving money, saving labor and saving worry, can meet the production requirement in the production as long as a water storage device and a power supply are used in the area with hard conditions by means of solar energy power storage, is superior to the existing popularization automatic circulation liquid supply mode in cost, can carry out family planting and raising from a forming unit in production, can also realize mass production in groups, realizes maintenance-free management in a long time, designs a novel three-dimensional cultivation mode with relatively low cost, simpler structure and low energy dependence through Pascal law, capillary phenomenon and penetrating water Darcy law of water, is particularly suitable for cultivation of some aerial climbing plants, and can be widely applied to small leaf vegetable plants.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressing water supply three-dimensional cultivation device, includes field planting basin (1), its characterized in that: the utility model discloses a novel planting basin, including planting basin (1), including planting basin, bottom wall, base, outer layer pipe (6), hollow cylinder, three-dimensional plastic float, bottom wall, three-dimensional plastic float, water drainage hole (2) have been seted up to the right side bottom of planting basin (1), the inner chamber diapire fixedly connected with netted taper support column (3) of planting basin (1), the upper end fixedly connected with base (4) of netted taper support column (3), the top fixedly connected with PVC stand (5) of base (4), the top fixedly connected with PVC stand (5) of PVC stand (5), the top fixedly connected with of outermost layer pipe (6) is outermost layer pipe (7), the inside and the inboard fixedly connected with second layer PVC pipe (8) that just lie in outermost layer pipe (6) top of PVC stand (5), base (4) are discoid net, and the diameter of base (4) is twenty centimeters, outermost layer pipe (6) are hollow cylinder, exist the clearance intussuseption between PVC pipe (8), and the clearance intussuseption is filled with cultivation medium, and the height of outermost layer pipe (6) is one hundred twenty centimeters, and the diameter is seven point five centimeters, and the inside and evenly distributed PVC (7) are located at the inside of three-dimensional plastic float (9) of PVC float (8), six-layer (9) are located at the inside and inside fixed top of PVC pipe (9), plastic float liquid level switch (11) are placed in innermost layer PVC pipe (9), innermost layer PVC pipe (9) is the self-pressing delivery pipe, two intercommunication mouths (14) have been seted up to the bottom of second floor PVC pipe (8) and innermost layer PVC pipe (9) opposite one side, equal distance fixed mounting in one side that second floor PVC pipe (8) and outermost layer pipe (6) are relative has infiltration rope (10), and the liquid manure of injection is conducted water and fertilizer into the cultivation medium in the intermediate layer through infiltration rope (10), and infiltration rope (10) make cultivation medium keep moist state, second floor PVC pipe (8) are hollow cylinder, and the diameter of second floor PVC pipe (8) is six centimetres, infiltration rope (10) are cotton or flax, every ten centimetres high distribution, and the one end of water rope (10) runs through the inside of second floor PVC pipe (8), and the other end is placed in the cultivation medium in the middle of outermost layer pipe (6) and second floor PVC pipe (8), the inner wall (6) are connected with screw cap (13) in the top, screw cap (13) are connected with spiral water gap (13), and the top is offered at the top of the float (13), spiral cap (13).

2. The three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the planting pot (1) is made of high-strength PVC, the bottom of the planting pot (1) is a plane, the upper diameter of the planting pot (1) is thirty centimeters, the lower diameter of the planting pot is eighteen centimeters, the height of the planting pot is fifty centimeters, the lower part of the PVC upright post (5) is of a hollow structure, and the upper part of the planting pot is of a closed three-layer sleeve.

3. The three-layer sleeve type aerial root plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the reticular cone-shaped support columns (3) is eight centimeters, the number of the reticular cone-shaped support columns (3) is eight, and the eight reticular cone-shaped support columns (3) are equidistantly distributed at the bottom of the base (4).

4. A three-layer sleeve type air rooting plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation method, which adopts the three-layer sleeve type air rooting plant self-pressure water supply three-dimensional cultivation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, and comprises the following steps:

1) Injecting clear water or nutrient water into the second-layer PVC pipe (8) from a water injection port (15) formed in the top of the second-layer PVC pipe (8), wherein after a certain amount of clear water or nutrient water is injected along the second-layer PVC pipe (8), the clear water flows into the innermost-layer PVC pipe (9) through an intercommunication port (14), and a plastic float liquid level switch (11) in the innermost-layer PVC pipe (9) automatically stops water injection when the set water level height is reached;

2) Soil or a cultivation medium is filled in the bottom and the upper part of the planting pot (1), the roots of the aerial roots climbing type plants are planted above the base (4), plant stems are tied up and fixed on the outermost layer pipe (6), the roots of the aerial roots of the plants are stretched into aerial root climbing holes (7) due to water, water and nutrients in an interlayer are absorbed through water seepage ropes (10) uniformly distributed on the inner side of the outermost layer pipe (6), the cultivation medium is kept in a moist state by the water seepage ropes (10), nutrients are conveyed to the plants through the aerial roots, the new aerial roots are generated by the plant stems, and the plant stems grow upwards through the aerial root climbing holes (7) to obtain the nutrients;

3) The residual gravity water which is not absorbed by plants in the interlayer cultivation medium of the outermost layer pipe (6) and the second layer PVC pipe (8) can leak to the bottom of the pipe wall, flows into the field planting basin (1) through the bottom aerial root climbing hole (7) to provide nutrients for the bottom root system, the residual water in the field planting basin (1) can leak to the bottom of the field planting basin (1) through the net structure of the base (4), the plant root system can also extend down to the net cone-shaped supporting column (3) through the net structure, and the residual water can flow out from the water drain hole (2) to ensure that the root system is free from water accumulation;

4) According to plant growth height, can set up different liquid levels in different periods, plastics float liquid level switch (11) is automatic moisturizing when the liquid level of innermost PVC pipe (9) descends, ensures that the cultivation medium of setting for liquid level height keeps moist state, under the appropriate circumstances of temperature, the scindapsus aureus can reach 2 leaves of a week, 3 centimetres growth rate every week, just can cultivate the commodity scindapsus aureus of a basin 120cm height for 2 months.