CN1990231B - 切削刀具刀片 - Google Patents
切削刀具刀片 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1990231B CN1990231B CN2006101720857A CN200610172085A CN1990231B CN 1990231 B CN1990231 B CN 1990231B CN 2006101720857 A CN2006101720857 A CN 2006101720857A CN 200610172085 A CN200610172085 A CN 200610172085A CN 1990231 B CN1990231 B CN 1990231B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
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- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/04—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material
- C23C28/044—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D only coatings of inorganic non-metallic material coatings specially adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
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- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
- C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于金属机械加工的切削刀具刀片，其包括第一涂层和最外面的PVD-层和基材，所述刀片进一步包括交叉形成基本上没有棱角半径的切削刃的间隙面和前刀面。除去第一涂层，使得最外面的PVD-层是在至少靠近切削刃的间隙面上的唯一层。本发明也涉及制造所述刀片的方法。本发明的刀片具有增加的刀具使用寿命。
Description
本发明涉及一种具有锋利切削刃的涂覆的切削刀具刀片，该刀片尤其适用于非铁材料的机械加工以及在钢和不锈钢中的小件机械加工，所述非铁材料如钛、铝、黄铜、青铜、耐热的和超耐热合金、塑料。
对于使用如钻孔、研磨和车削对金属进行的机械加工，使用硬质合金的切削刀具刀片，其具有交叉形成切削刃的前刀面和间隙面。切削刃应该是锋利的以提供低的切削力和低的能量消耗。然而，硬质合金是脆性材料，因此锋利的切削刃通常不是足够坚固的。如果它破裂了，切削力增大并且所机械加工的材料的表面光洁度会是差的。为了加强切削刃，它可能被圆化成通常为10-50μm的半径，或者提供倒角或刃带。切削刃的精确设计取决于要机械加工的材料，并且兼顾了可接受的切削力和切削刃的强度。一些如铝等的工件材料需要具有最小边角修圆的非常锋利的刀刃。过度圆化的刀刃可以在这种材料中导致刀刃磨损，并且会影响随后的磨损发展。对于这种材料的机械加工，通常使用未涂覆的硬质合金刀片。如果对刀片施加了涂层，特别是用CVD-或MTCVD-技术涂覆的刀刃将会变钝。此外，涂覆的切削刃需要一定程度的圆化来确保涂层令人满意的应用。然而，想要的是能够使涂覆的刀片也能用于机械加工需要锋利切削刃的材料。
美国专利申请2006/0019120A1公开了一种用于金属机械加工的切削刀具刀片，其包括包含至少一个耐磨涂层的涂层和基材，所述刀片进一步包括交叉形成切削刃的间隙面和前刀面。切削刃基本上没有棱角半径。通过磨削从至少靠近切削刃的间隙面除去涂层。然而已经发现这样的刀片在某些应用中具有不足的耐磨性。
因此本发明的一个目的是提供一种制备具有锋利的切削刃和长的刀具使用寿命的涂覆的硬质合金切削刀片的方法。
本发明提供了一种具有锋利的切削刃的刀片，其具有包括一层或多层的第一涂层和最外面的PVD-层和基材，所述刀片进一步包括交叉形成基本上没有棱角半径的切削刃的间隙面和前刀面。除去第一涂层，使得最外面的PVD-层是在至少靠近切削刃的间隙面上的唯一层。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在喷砂和磨削之前，第一涂层是氧化铝层，优选是α-氧化铝层，其厚度为1-10μm，优选3-6μm。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，第一涂层进一步包括在氧化铝层和基材之间具有柱状晶粒的Ti(C，N)内层，其厚度为1-10μm，优选4-7μm。
因此，该最外面的PVD-层是在至少靠近切削刃的间隙面上的唯一层。优选它是间隙面上的唯一层。PVD-层优选为1-6μm，优选为2-3μm，并且优选包括Ti(C，N)、TiN或(Ti，Al)N中的一种或多种。
本发明也涉及一种制备具有极锋利切削刃的涂覆的切削刀具刀片的方法，其通过如下步骤：
-提供具有包括一层或多层的第一涂层的切削刀具刀片；
-至少对所述刀片的前刀面进行喷砂操作，以在0.25mm的测量长度上获得表面粗糙度(Ra)小于0.3μm的光滑表面，
-用细砂轮对刀片进行圆周磨削操作，或者在切削刃周围或在整个间隙面上，以获得基本上没有棱角半径的切削刃，并从至少靠近切削刃的间隙面除去所述的第一涂层，
-使用PVD-技术沉积1-6μm，优选2-3μm的耐磨层。耐磨层优选是Ti(C，N)、TiN或(Ti，Al)N。
在本发明的一个实施方式中第一涂层是氧化铝层，优选是α-氧化铝层，其厚度为1-10μm，优选3-6μm。
在本发明方法的另一个实施方式中，第一涂层进一步包括在氧化铝层和基材之间具有柱状晶粒的Ti(C，N)内层，其厚度为1-10μm，优选4-7μm。
本发明的刀片能够用在各种切削操作中。这类操作的例子是钻孔、车削和研磨。
本发明结合下述的实施例进行附加说明，这些实施例被认为是用作说明本发明的。但应该理解的是，本发明不限于这些实施例的具体细节。
实施例1
对6％的Co和余量的WC组成的VCEX110301R-F型硬质合金刀片涂覆0.5μm的等轴TiCN-层，然后通过使用MTCVD-技术(加工温度：850℃)涂覆具有柱状晶粒的5μm厚TiCN层。在同一涂覆循环过程中的后续步骤，沉积具有1μm厚的TiCxNyOz(大约：x＝0.6，y＝0.2和z＝0.2)等轴晶粒的涂层，随后沉积4μm厚的α-Al2O3层。在涂覆之后，通过湿喷砂法使刀片平滑，以在0.25mm的测量长度上得到0.2μm的表面粗糙度。然后通过具有25μm粒度的金刚石砂轮对刀片进行圆周磨削操作，通过除去在齿腹面上的涂层获得锋利的切削刃。
实施例2
使用PVD-技术将实施例1的刀片的一半涂覆2-3μm的(Ti，Al)N层。
实施例3
在下述条件下测试本发明实施例1、现有技术和实施例2的刀片：
不锈钢SS2346的纵向车削
切削速度： 150m/min
进料： 0.1mm/rev
切削深度： 1mm
油冷却剂
作为进一步的参考，使用Sandvik Coromant商品等级GC1020。
刀具使用寿命标准是齿腹磨损>0.08mm或过度的凹痕磨损。
结果，三次测试的平均数：
切削时间，min 记录
本发明 288 齿腹磨损>0.08mm
现有技术 147 齿腹磨损>0.08mm
参考 183 过度的凹痕磨损
尽管本发明已经结合其优选的实施例进行了描述，但是对本领域的技术人员来说，能够理解的是可以做出没有特别说明的附加、删除、修改和替换，而不会偏离如在附加权利要求书中定义的本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于金属机械加工的切削刀具刀片，其具有第一涂层和最外面的PVD-层以及硬质合金基材，第一涂层包括氧化铝层和在氧化铝层和基材之间的厚度为2-10μm的Ti(C，N)内层，所述刀片进一步包括交叉形成基本上没有棱角半径的切削刃的间隙面和前刀面，其特征在于第一涂层被去除，使得最外面的PVD-层是在至少靠近切削刃的间隙面上的唯一层。
2.根据权利要求1的切削刀具刀片，其特征在于最外面的PVD-层是在间隙面上的唯一层。
3.根据权利要求1或2的切削刀具刀片，其特征在于所述氧化铝层是α-氧化铝层。
4.根据权利要求1或2的切削刀具刀片，其特征在于所述Ti(C，N)内层具有柱状晶粒，其厚度为4-7μm。
5.一种制造用于金属机械加工的切削刀具刀片的方法，该刀片包括第一涂层和最外面的PVD层和硬质合金基材，第一涂层包括氧化铝层和在氧化铝层和基材之间的厚度为2-10μm的Ti(C，N)内层，所述刀片进一步包括交叉形成切削刃的间隙面和前刀面，该方法包括如下步骤：
-提供具有包括一层或多层的第一涂层的切削刀具刀片；
-至少对所述刀片的前刀面进行喷砂操作，以在0.25mm的测量长度上获得表面粗糙度(Ra)小于0.3μm的光滑表面，和
-用细砂轮对刀片进行圆周磨削操作，或者在切削刃周围或在整个间隙面上，以获得基本上没有棱角半径的切削刃，和从至少靠近切削刃的间隙面除去所述的第一涂层，
其特征在于使用PVD-技术沉积最外面的耐磨层。
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| SE0502958-2 | 2005-12-30 | ||
| SE0502958A SE529855C2 (sv) | 2005-12-30 | 2005-12-30 | Belagt hårdmetallskär och sätt att tillverka detta |
| SE05029582 | 2005-12-30 |
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| CN (1) | CN1990231B (zh) |
| IL (1) | IL180302A (zh) |
| SE (1) | SE529855C2 (zh) |
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| JP5165484B2 (ja) * | 2008-07-16 | 2013-03-21 | ユニタック株式会社 | ドリルヘッドの製作方法及びドリルヘッド |
| US8846217B2 (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2014-09-30 | Kyocera Corporation | Surface-coated tool |
| CN101967623B (zh) * | 2010-11-03 | 2012-08-29 | 成都工具研究所有限公司 | 双结构涂层硬质合金刀具 |
| EP2589681A1 (de) * | 2011-11-07 | 2013-05-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kombination von kolumnaren und globularen Strukturen |
| EP2935647B1 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2019-08-14 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Coated cutting tool and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP6002784B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-10-05 | 兼房株式会社 | 刃物 |
| EP3195971B1 (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2024-04-03 | Kyocera Corporation | Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method for manufacturing cut product |
| US10571631B2 (en) | 2015-01-05 | 2020-02-25 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Integrated photonics including waveguiding material |
| US10976491B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2021-04-13 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Photonics interposer optoelectronics |
| US10698156B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2020-06-30 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Wafer scale bonded active photonics interposer |
| EP3776074B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 | 2023-11-22 | The Research Foundation for the State University of New York | Heterogeneous structure on an integrated photonics platform |
| US10816724B2 (en) | 2018-04-05 | 2020-10-27 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Fabricating photonics structure light signal transmission regions |
| MX2022004096A (es) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-07-11 | The M K Morse Company | Metodo para revestir los dientes de una herramienta de corte. |
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| CN1229442A (zh) * | 1996-09-06 | 1999-09-22 | 桑德维克公司 | 涂膜刀具 |
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| JPS59219122A (ja) * | 1983-05-27 | 1984-12-10 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 被覆超硬合金工具及びその製造法 |
| JPH0413860A (ja) * | 1990-05-08 | 1992-01-17 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 被膜付アルミニウム等外装品 |
| JPH04310325A (ja) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-11-02 | O S G Kk | 硬質膜被覆高速度鋼切削工具の製造方法 |
| US5725932A (en) * | 1993-05-25 | 1998-03-10 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Ceramic-based substrate for coating diamond and method for preparing substrate for coating |
| US5976707A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1999-11-02 | Kennametal Inc. | Cutting insert and method of making the same |
| JPH10225804A (ja) * | 1997-02-10 | 1998-08-25 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 耐欠損性のすぐれた表面被覆超硬合金製切削工具およびその製造法 |
| DE19742765A1 (de) * | 1997-09-27 | 1999-04-01 | Heller Geb Gmbh Maschf | Schneidplatte, insbesondere Wendeplatte, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Schneidplatte, mit solchen Schneidplatten ausgestattetes Werkzeug und Verfahren zum Zerspanen eines Werkstückes unter Verwendung einer solchen Schneidplatte oder unter Einsatz eines solchen Werkzeuges |
| SE520716C2 (sv) * | 1999-05-06 | 2003-08-12 | Sandvik Ab | En process för tillverkning av ett skärverktyg belagt med aluminiumoxid |
| DE10022274A1 (de) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-01-25 | Muenz Wolf Dieter | Verfahren zur Herstellung von korrosionsbeständigen Schichten aus Niob oder Tantal auf Stahlsubstraten sowie nach dem Verfahren hergestellte Schichten |
| DE10048899B4 (de) * | 2000-10-02 | 2004-04-08 | Walter Ag | Schneidplatte mit Verschleißerkennung |
| JP2004345078A (ja) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-12-09 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ｐｖｄ被覆切削工具 |
| GB0320148D0 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2003-10-01 | Dormer Tools Sheffield Ltd | Partially coated drill tool |
| DE502005011110D1 (de) * | 2004-06-18 | 2011-04-28 | Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh | Auflöseeinrichtung für Spinnmaschinen |
| EP1609883B1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2017-09-20 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Coated metal cutting tool |
| SE528012C2 (sv) | 2004-07-05 | 2006-08-08 | Sandvik Intellectual Property | Belagt hårdmetallskär med skarp skäregg avsett för metallbearbetning samt sätt för dess framställning |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| KR20070072414A (ko) | 2007-07-04 |
| EP1803514A3 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
| JP2007181916A (ja) | 2007-07-19 |
| IL180302A (en) | 2010-11-30 |
| JP5117715B2 (ja) | 2013-01-16 |
| US7736734B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
| US20070160869A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
| EP1803514B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 |
| KR101419931B1 (ko) | 2014-07-16 |
| SE0502958L (sv) | 2007-07-01 |
| CN1990231A (zh) | 2007-07-04 |
| SE529855C2 (sv) | 2007-12-11 |
| EP1803514A2 (en) | 2007-07-04 |
| IL180302A0 (en) | 2007-06-03 |
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