CN1923387A

CN1923387A - Method for planting poplar by making soil bed on alkali spot

Info

Publication number: CN1923387A
Application number: CN 200610010594
Authority: CN
Inventors: 祖元刚; 赵修华; 杨磊; 于景华; 肖鹏; 朱磊; 夏禄华; 肖长文; 张信娟; 王丽娟
Original assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Current assignee: Northeast Forestry University
Priority date: 2006-09-22
Filing date: 2006-09-22
Publication date: 2007-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2026-09-22
Also published as: CN100453192C

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for using alkali soil as bed to plant poplar, which comprises testing the soil parameters, finishing soil, improving soil, transplanting, banking, and irrigating. Wherein, the invention is characterized in that: the pH of alkali lank is higher than 9, the soluble salt content is higher than 0.6%; it uses plant oil tart or oil filming agent to avoid soil deposit layer alkali into improved layer via capillary; the improved layer is functioned via soil alkali reducer to reduce salt and alkali; and it uses neutralized sand to improve the porous structure and penetration, and the anaerobic decomposed of reducer can supply nourishments to poplar. The invention can utilize alkali land and enlarge the plant area.

Description

A kind of improving the soil on alkaline spot cooked the method that bed is planted willow

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of on salinized soil, improving the soil and do the method that bed is planted willow, especially the side that on the higher extreme salinized soil alkaline spot of pH and solubility salinity, cultivates willow.

Background technology:

The soil salinization is a global problem to the threat of agricultural, and the world has about 1,000,000,000 hm now ²The salt-soda soil, account for land surface nearly 25%.The salt damage that all is subjected in various degree of irrigateing land of the arable land in the whole world 20% and nearly half threatens.Only there are 100,000,000 hm of arable land in China ², wherein surpass 0.2 hundred million hm ²Be salt wasteland and 0.067 hundred million hm ²Being salinization soil ground, is one of salt-soda soil, world big country.China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural development is one of important component part of the national economic development.The effective measures in salt-soda soil are administered in research, and the further improvement of its ecosystem is controlled on transformation salinity ground, will be to concern the major issue that Chinese national economy increases, and also be the important behave that sustainable development path is walked by China.

Salt affected soil is meant harmful salts such as the chloride that contains potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium in the soil, sulfate, heavy carbonate; Though or soil salt content is few, soil exchangeable sodium accounts for cation exchange capacity (CEC) and has reached certain proportion.It has following feature, and 1, the pH value is higher; 2, contain harmful salinity; 3, gas permeability is poor, easily ties plate; 4, fertility is low.

The present invention is directed to the soil property feature and the water salt dynamic rule in salt-soda soil, the cardinal principle in improvement salt-soda soil is: the salinity that plant tar paper or soil film-forming agent supression illuvium are used in improvement layer bottom rises in the improvement layer by capillarity; The improvement layer is used soil and is fallen salt alkaline agent reduction saline-alkali soil pH value and soluble-salt content; Improvement layer soil and electroneutral soil mix, and improve the soil aperture structure, improve the solvability of oxygen in soil; Fall and contain plant Non-oxygen pyrolytic cut pyrolkigneous liquid in the salt alkaline agent, be rich in the various plants needed nutritional labeling of growing.

Summary of the invention:

The present invention does the method that bed is planted willow for a kind of improving the soil on alkaline spot, it is characterized in that alkaline spot is a kind of carbonate soil of extreme salinization of soil, soil pH 〉=9.0, solubility salinity total content 〉=0.6%, and concrete summary of the invention is as follows:

Planting process may further comprise the steps: (1) soil parameters is measured: use soil testing device context test saline-alkali soil pH and solubility salinity content; (2) put in order ground: take out after the extreme salinized soil on the alkaline spot is ploughed deeply 40～80cm according to the width of 1～1.5m, the land presser suppression is used in the bottom, makes bottom solum smooth, and sprays soil film-forming agent or use the plant tar paper; (3) improve the soil: the saline-alkali soil and the sandy soil that take out are mixed according to a certain percentage, spray then and fall saline and alkaline so that soil pH value and salinity reach certain standard; (4) transplant: annual cuttage poplar transplantation of seedlings in the nursery to the soil of improvement back, is pressed spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 50cm plantation; (5) cofferdam: be a wide 20cm with sandy soil around the bed, the cofferdam of high 15cm, and spray soil film-forming agent and fix; (6) water: the water with pH=5.5～7.0 waters, and makes the soil state that reaches capacity.

Desired soil film-forming agent is characterized in that its proportioning is polyacrylic acid solution 55-75 part, pyrolkigneous liquid 25-45 part, water 0-20 part;

Desired plant tar paper, its feature is respectively at the mass fraction of plant tar and solid paraffin: 80-90 part and 10-20 part, plant tar mixes the back heating and melting with solid paraffin temperature is 120-200 ℃, and used paper can be any kind of paper, cardboard, the fluting medium of preferably regenerating.

The mixed ratio of desired saline-alkali soil and sandy soil is 4: 1～1: 1;

The desired salt alkaline agent that falls is characterized in that its proportioning is polyacrylic acid 5-25, inorganic acid 10-50, plant hormone 0.01-2.0, and surplus is a water;

Soil property standard after the desired alkaline spot soil improvement is: pH＜7, solubility salinity＜0.2%;

Desired a kind of improving the soil on alkaline spot cooked the method that bed is planted willow, it is characterized in that first week after transplanting watering the water of pH=5.5～7.0 every 3 days, second week after the transplanting was watered the acidifying water of pH=5.5～7.0 every 7 days, stop the manual watering around after the transplanting the, adopt the natural rainfall pouring.

The specific embodiment:

The present invention will be further detailed with example, but it is not limited to any or the similar example of these embodiment.

Embodiment 1:

The pH=9.06 on actual measurement alkaline spot ground, soluble-salt content=1.812%.Take out after extreme salinized soil on the alkaline spot ploughed deeply 60cm according to bedside 1m, the land presser suppression is used in the bottom, makes bottom solum smooth, and sprays the soil film-forming agent that proportioning is 55 parts of polyacrylic acid solution, 25 parts in pyrolkigneous liquid, 20 parts in water; The saline-alkali soil that takes out and the sandy soil ratio according to 2: 1 is mixed, and spraying proportioning is 5 parts of polyacrylic acid, 35 parts of inorganic acids, 0.1 part of plant hormone, and surplus is that the saline and alkaline so that soil pH of falling of water reaches 6.5, solubility salinity 0.2%; Then annual cuttage poplar transplantation of seedlings in the nursery is extremely improved in the soil of back, by spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 50cm plantation; Then around bed, be a wide 20cm with sandy soil, the cofferdam of high 15cm, and spray fixedly sandy soil of soil film-forming agent; Water with pH=5.5～7.0 waters at last, makes the soil state that reaches capacity.

Embodiment 2:

The pH=10.50 on actual measurement alkaline spot ground, soluble-salt content=1.48%.Take out after extreme salinized soil on the alkaline spot ploughed deeply 60cm according to bedside 1m, the land presser suppression is used in the bottom, makes bottom solum smooth, and lays the plant tar paper; The saline-alkali soil that takes out and the sandy soil ratio according to 2: 1 is mixed, and spraying proportioning is 5 parts of polyacrylic acid, 35 parts of inorganic acids, 0.1 part of plant hormone, and surplus is that the saline and alkaline so that soil pH of falling of water reaches 6.8, solubility salinity 0.17%; Then annual cuttage poplar transplantation of seedlings in the nursery is extremely improved in the soil of back, by spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 50cm plantation; Then around bed, be a wide 20cm with sandy soil, the cofferdam of high 15cm, and spray fixedly sandy soil of soil film-forming agent; Water with pH=5.5～7.0 waters at last, makes the soil state that reaches capacity.

Claims

One kind on alkaline spot, improve the soil do the bed plant willow a method, it is characterized in that alkaline spot is a kind of carbonate soil of extreme salinization of soil, soil pH 〉=9.0, solubility salinity total content 〉=0.6%.
2. a kind of improving the soil on alkaline spot as claimed in claim 1 cooked the method that bed is planted willow, and its planting process may further comprise the steps: (1) soil parameters is measured: use soil testing device context test saline-alkali soil pH and solubility salinity content; (2) put in order ground: take out after the extreme salinized soil on the alkaline spot is ploughed deeply 40～80cm according to the width of 1～1.5m, the land presser suppression is used in the bottom, makes bottom solum smooth, and sprays soil film-forming agent or use the plant tar paper; (3) improve the soil: the saline-alkali soil and the sandy soil that take out are mixed according to a certain percentage, spray then and fall saline and alkaline so that soil pH value and salinity reach certain standard; (4) transplant: annual cuttage poplar transplantation of seedlings in the nursery to the soil of improvement back, is pressed spacing in the rows 25cm, line-spacing 50cm plantation; (5) cofferdam: be a wide 20cm with sandy soil around the bed, the cofferdam of high 15cm, and spray soil film-forming agent and fix; (6) water: the water with pH=5.5～7.0 waters, and makes the soil state that reaches capacity.
3. soil film-forming agent as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that its proportioning is polyacrylic acid solution 55-75 part, pyrolkigneous liquid 25-45 part, water 0-20 part.
4. plant tar paper as claimed in claim 2, the mass fraction that it is characterized in that plant tar and solid paraffin is respectively: 80-90 part and 10-20 part, plant tar mixes the back heating and melting with solid paraffin temperature is 120-200 ℃, used paper can be any kind of paper, cardboard, the fluting medium of preferably regenerating.
5. the mixed ratio of saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 2 and sandy soil is 4: 1～1: 1.
6. the salt alkaline agent that falls as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that its proportioning is polyacrylic acid 5-25, inorganic acid 10-50, plant hormone 0.01-2.0, and surplus is a water.
7. the soil property standard after the alkaline spot soil improvement as claimed in claim 2 is: pH＜7, solubility salinity＜0.2%.
8. a kind of improving the soil on alkaline spot as claimed in claim 2 cooked the method that bed is planted willow, it is characterized in that first week after transplanting watering the water of pH=5.5～7.0 every 3 days, second week after the transplanting was watered the acidifying water of pH=5.5～7.0 every 7 days, stop the manual watering around after the transplanting the, adopt the natural rainfall pouring.