CN1868106A - 用于一无线电源的方法及装置 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/005—Mechanical details of housing or structure aiming to accommodate the power transfer means, e.g. mechanical integration of coils, antennas or transducers into emitting or receiving devices
Abstract
本发明揭示一种用于一无线电源的装置,其包括一用于在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的机构。所述装置包括一用于将所述频率集合上的RF辐射较佳同时转换成DC的机构。本发明亦揭示一种用于一无线电源的方法,其包括在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的步骤。存在将所述频率集合上的RF辐射较佳同时转换成DC的步骤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及辐射电能的回收。更具体而言,本发明涉及使用复数个分接头进行的对于RF频谱的任一给定部分均最佳化的辐射电能回收。
背景技术
在本发明的运作中,环境RF及所产生的RF信号提供一电位能量源,所述电位能量可采集、存储并提供给许多需要电能的器件或可恢复被放电电源所损失的能量。
传统的RF接收器件利用一天线来捕捉一处于RF频谱内的窄频带,由此然后将所述RF频率集合过滤或调谐成一个或多个特定频率以便使在所选的一个或多个频率内传输的信号最大化。然后,将包含于所述信号中的电位能量用于其预定目的,例如音频、视频或数据处理。这些RF接收器件已注重于使频率选择性最大化,以便在无来自其他源的干扰的情况下隔离且相干。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种用于一无线电源的装置。所述装置包括用于在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的构件。所述装置包括用于将所述频率集合上的所述RF辐射较佳同时转换成DC的构件。
本发明涉及一种用于一无线电源的方法。所述方法包括在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的步骤。存在将所述频率集合上的所述RF辐射较佳同时转换成DC的步骤。
附图说明
在附图中,图解说明本发明的各较佳实施例及实践本发明的较佳方法,附图中:
图1为一本发明装置的较佳实施例的示意图。
图2为一经最佳化以用于回收、收集及存储中波带宽RF能量的的本发明装置的较佳实施例的示意图。
图3为本发明装置的一方块图。
具体实施方式
现在参见附图—其中在这几个视图中相同的参考编号均指代相似或完全相同的部件,且更具体而言参见其中的图1,该图显示一用于一无线电源的装置10。装置10包括用于在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的构件12。装置10包括用于将所述频率集合上的RF辐射较佳同时转换成DC的构件14。
较佳地,转换构件14包括一对一所期望RF频谱带发生谐振的吸收机构16。吸收机构16较佳包括一对所期望RF频谱带发生谐振的电感器18。较佳地,转换构件14包括沿电感器18布置于多个点处以接取RF能量的复数个分接头。
较佳通过使电感器18的阻抗与所期望RF频谱带相匹配来计算分接头。较佳地,接收构件12包括一天线22。转换构件14较佳包括一整流所述RF能量并将其转换成DC电压的整流机构24。较佳地,整流机构24在每一对RF能量进行整流并将其转换成DC电压的分接点处包含复数个二极管26。
装置10较佳包括一用于存储所述DC电压的存储器件28。较佳地,天线22的阻抗与电感器18的阻抗按1∶1匹配。所述RF频谱较佳介于60Hz至28千兆赫之间。
本发明涉及一种用于一无线电源的方法。所述方法包括在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的步骤。存在将所述频率集合上的所述RF辐射较佳同时转换成DC的步骤。
较佳地,所述转换步骤包括吸收所述能量的步骤。所述吸收步骤较佳包括使用一电感器18来吸收所述能量的步骤。较佳地,所述转换步骤包括使用电感器18上的复数个分接头来接取所吸收能量的步骤。较佳存在使所述电感器的阻抗与一所期望RF范围相匹配的步骤。
较佳地,所述转换步骤包括对可在每一分接头处获得的能量进行整流并将其转换成DC电压的步骤。所述整流步骤较佳包括使用二极管26对可在每一分接头处获得的所述能量进行整流并将其转换成DC电压的步骤。较佳地,所述转换步骤包括对所述各DC电压进行求和的步骤。所述求和步骤较佳包括在一串联电容器积分器中将所述各DC电压相加的步骤。较佳地,存在存储总和DC电压的步骤。较佳存在使用所存储DC电压的步骤。
本文中阐述一种用于回收辐射电能的方法及装置10。所要捕捉的辐射能是在有时称作RF或射频的电磁频谱部分中传输。本文中所述方法及装置10的主要用途是接收RF能量并将所述能量转换成一可用的功率形式。所述方法及装置10并不鉴别或解译各个信号或频率。其设计成用于吸收一所选频带或频率范围的信号、载波及任何相关干扰并将其转换成可再用的功率。
与传统的RF接收器件相比,此方法及装置10不具有选择性。其具有将宽广的RF频谱范围作为一频率集合来接受的独特特性。然后,将每一所收集频率范围整流或整体转换成单个电压。较佳地,在吸收RF的同时,产生合成电压。装置10并不尝试对任何特定频率或信号进行调谐。然后将从一给定频率范围搜集到的每一电压加在一起并使其可供用于直接为一器件供电、存储起来或向一再充电装置提供能量。
将由电路利用的辐射电能可呈一宽RF频谱范围的形式。环境RF源的一些实例可包括(但不限于):甚低频-VLF(海事/航空移动通信),中频-MF(AM无线电广播),高频-HF(短波无线电广播),甚高频-VHF(TV及FM无线电广播),超高频-UHF(TV、HDTV、PCS、WiFi)及某些微波传输。另外,装置10能够接收为了向装置10传输功率以供吸收、收集及利用的特定目的而产生及广播的专用RF传输。在此种情况下,不必使所述专用RF传输包含需要出于辅助目的(例如音频/视频或数据接收与解译)而加以解译的特定信号或数据。
使用本文中所述的技术,可设计及制作成一对于RF频谱的任一给定部分而言均最佳化的装置10。装置10组件的所需电及磁特性将因所选频谱部分而异。因此,制作成一个单一装置10来覆盖整个RF频谱是不切实际的。不过,可制作成各个分别针对一给定RF频带设计的单独装置10,并将装置10及其输出二者相组合来获得最大功率效率。
由一置于所发射能量场内的天线22截取一所选RF频带的一部分。天线22根据其设计效率接收能量并将能量引到一系统中,在所述系统中对所述能量进行吸收、整流、求和及传送以供使用或存储。
RF能量→天线→[吸收→整流→积分→传送]→使用
将射到一天线22上的RF信号馈送至一对所期望RF频谱带发生谐振的电感器(L)中。注意:在具有高浓度RF能量的区域内,不需要附装一天线22。通过电感器18上沿电感器18布置于若干点上的分接头20(T1-Tx)接取所吸收的RF能量—其由基波、谐波、互谐波及驻波组成。此器件的主要特性是一无电容器的前端能得到电感器的宽带宽及对入射RF能量的最大导纳。通过使电感器18段的阻抗与所期望RF范围相匹配来计算分接点。
可在每一分接点上获得的合成RF能量经过例如二极管26(D1-Dx)等器件整流并转换成DC电压。各个经整流的电压散布于一由若干电容器(C1-Cx)组成的串联电容器积分器之中。此宽频带方法允许最大能量散布于所述串联电容器堆叠之中。
可从C1-Cx获得的电压之和被存储于任一存储器件28(例如一电容器或一组电容器Cs(s1-sx))中并可供直接使用、或给一个或多个需要间隙性功率的电子器件供电。所述存储器件或电容器的电特性、存储器件的构造及实际数量取决于装置10正向其供电的器件的电压及功率需求。(参见图1)
虽然未被视为装置10的一部分,但天线22为任一利用所述方法及装置10的实际器件的整体组件。天线22的主要特性将是其能够接收宽的频带、针对所选带宽最佳化,及考虑到为支持目标器件的功率需求所需的有效面积。
理想情况为,天线22的阻抗与装置10中电感器18的阻抗按1∶1匹配。
注意:在具有高浓度RF能量的区域中,不需要对装置10附装天线22。
电感器18:
电感器18的特性取决于要收集及利用的所选频率带宽。理想电感器18应构造成使总电感的中点将在所选RF段或频谱的中心频率上发生谐振。
多个分接头20自所选射频能量频带段提供基波及互谐波输出电压。
例如,一将一375欧姆的天线22阻抗用于一具有375欧姆电抗的电感电路中且中心频率为1.2MHz的中波电路(图2)将需要一100uH的电感。有效带宽将约为2MHz宽。(在所述频带的每一端均减-3db)。
可使用下列标准谐振公式(公式1)来计算电感器18:
L=(d平方乘n平方)除以(18乘d加40乘j)
其中
L=以亨利为单位的电感。
d=以英寸为单位的导体直径。
j=以英寸为单位的导体长度。
n=导体迭绕次数。
使用类似公式,可重新计算所需电感来得出亨利值、毫亨值、皮亨值及纳亨值,亦即VLF、LF、MW、HF、VHF、UHF及微波频带段。
利用一无电容器前端会确保所述电感器具有宽的带宽及对所输入RF能量的最大导纳。
分接头20:
分接头20将沿电感器18构造并布置于若干个点上。每一分接头均向装置10的整流部分中提供一单独的输出电压。
可通过下列公式(公式2)来计算电感器18上分接头20的数量:
Tn=Bw乘pi
其中
Tn=分接头总数量。
Bw=电感器的有效带宽(以兆赫为单位)。
Pi=3.1416
电感器18上每一分接头的缺省位置均沿电感器18等距离分布。也可计算其位置来得出最佳输出电压。在计算分接头20时,必须考虑到所选频带段内包含更高RF能量的已知频率。并且通过使用一标准谐振电感公式(1),可针对所需频率及最佳输出电压来计算每一单独的分接头。
整流器:
通过一整流器件将可在每一分接头上获得的RF能量转换成DC电压。所要使用的整流器类型取决于所选频带,且包括晶体、锗、硅及任何其他类型。
积分器:
电压积分器由电容器C1-Cx组成。这些电容器的值取决于所选频带、所述整流器的独特特性及由存储级所施加的负载。此电路的电抗变化很大,甚至在正常运行期间也是如此。然而,可使用电容电抗的标准公式作为初步计算的一起始点:
Xc=1/(2*pi*F*C)
其中
Xc=以欧姆为单位的电容电抗。
C=以微法为单位的电容。
F=以赫兹为单位的频率。
Pi=3.1416
存储器:
存储组件取决于一个或多个所附装器件的功率需求及可获得的由电感器(L)所吸收的RF能量。
使用一中波实例,使用一2,200微法的电解电容器作为存储器。
样品装置10:中波(AM)无线电源
已使用上述方法制成一器件,其使用RF频谱的环境(现有)AM广播波段作为其能量源。所述器件的主要用途是使所吸收、收集及转换成可再用功率的能量最佳化。
电路运行所需的天线22的尺寸及特性不作为对装置10的设计要求。为在一具有数个AM无线电台的典型市区中获得足以对一存储器件28进行充电的能量所需的天线22将类似于用于标准AM无线电的天线。在存在高浓度RF能量的区域中,无需一天线22,装置10本身便足以形成所存储的功率。
电感器18呈一由卷绕到一2″型材上的#28规格漆包线构成的空气线圈形式。所述线圈为一连续的密绕线,其中每二十匝放置一分接头20,总共可使用六个分接头20(T1-T6)。所述线圈的顶部为连接天线22之处。所述线圈的底部接地。
锗二极管(IN34A)(D1-D6)连接至所述线圈上的每一分接头。如由C6所示,图中显示串联电容器积分器(C1-C6)构造成使C6附连接地。C1-C6是额定值为0.068uF的聚乙烯电容器。在此样品装置10中所利用的功率存储器件28-C7为一2200uF电解电容器。
可通过将多个宽带无线电源实例耦合在一起来利用极宽频带运行。
例如:
可将一针对甚低频波段(60Hz中心频率)设计及构造(参见设计考虑因素)的BWPS电路耦合至另一针对超高频波段(5GHz中心频率)设计及构造(参见设计考虑因素)的BWPS电路中。每个单独电路的输出均连接(通过另一积分电路)到一共用存储器件28(即电容)中,以将所收集及转换的RF能量“蓄积”在一起。可对能量频谱的任一或所有段重复使用此种技术。
虽然出于例示目的已在上述各实施例中详细阐述了本发明,但应了解,此种细节仅仅是用于该目的且所属领域的技术人员可对其作出改动,此并不背离本发明的精神及范围,除非其可能由随附权利要求书述及。
Claims (22)
1、一种用于一无线电源的装置,其包括:
用于在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围的构件;及
用于将所述频率集合上的所述RF辐射转换成直流的构件。
2、如权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述转换构件包括一对一所期望RF频谱带发生谐振的吸收机构。
3、如权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述吸收机构包括一对所述所期望RF频谱带发生谐振的电感器。
4、如权利要求3所述的装置,其中所述转换构件包括沿所述电感器布置于若干点上以接取所述RF能量的复数个分接头。
5、如权利要求4所述的装置,其中通过使所述电感器的阻抗与所期望RF频谱带相匹配来计算所述分接头点。
6、如权利要求5所述的装置,其中所述接收构件包括一天线。
7、如权利要求6所述的装置,其中所述转换构件包括一对所述RF能量进行整流并将其转换成直流电压的整流机构。
8、如权利要求7所述的装置,其中所述整流机构包括每一对所述RF能量进行整流并将其转换成直流电压的分接头点处的复数个二极管。
9、如权利要求8所述的装置,其包括一用于存储所述直流电压的存储器件。
10、如权利要求9所述的装置,其中所述天线阻抗与所述电感器阻抗按1∶1匹配。
11、如权利要求10所述的装置,其中所述RF频谱介于60Hz至28千兆赫之间。
12、一种用于一无线电源的方法,其包括下列步骤:
在一频率集合上接收一RF辐射范围;及
将所述频率集合上的所述RF辐射转换成直流。
13、如权利要求12所述的方法,其中所述转换步骤包括吸收所述能量的步骤。
14、如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述吸收步骤包括使用一电感器来吸收所述能量的步骤。
15、如权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述转换步骤包括使用所述电感器上的复数个分接头来接取所吸收能量的步骤。
16、如权利要求15所述的方法,其包括使所述电感器的阻抗与一所期望RF范围相匹配的步骤。
17、如权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述转换步骤包括对可在每一分接头处获得的能量进行整流并将其转换成直流电压的步骤。
18、如权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述整流步骤包括使用二极管对可在每一分接头处获得的所述能量进行整流并将其转换成直流电压的步骤。
19、如权利要求18所述的方法,其中所述转换步骤包括将所述直流电压相加的步骤。
20、如权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述求和步骤包括在一串联电容器积分器中对所述直流电压进行积分的步骤。
21、如权利要求20所述的方法,其包括存储所述相加的直流电压的步骤。
22、如权利要求21所述的方法,其包括使用所述所存储直流电压的步骤。
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- 2004-10-15 CA CA002542930A patent/CA2542930A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-15 CN CNA2004800302129A patent/CN1868106A/zh active Pending
- 2004-10-15 JP JP2006535371A patent/JP2007512796A/ja active Pending
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- 2004-10-15 US US10/966,880 patent/US7027311B2/en active Active
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CN109729749A (zh) * | 2016-06-02 | 2019-05-07 | Wp能源特殊有限公司 | 多频带能量采集 |
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WO2005039028A2 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
JP2007512796A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
AU2004306911B2 (en) | 2008-09-11 |
AU2004306911A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
US20060164866A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
US7643312B2 (en) | 2010-01-05 |
US20050104453A1 (en) | 2005-05-19 |
CA2542930A1 (en) | 2005-04-28 |
EP1673851A4 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
EP1673851A2 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
WO2005039028A3 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
US7027311B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 |
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