CN1802898A

CN1802898A - Red Fuji apple tree shaping method

Info

Publication number: CN1802898A
Application number: CN 200610042123
Authority: CN
Inventors: 东明学; 王春圣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-01-06
Filing date: 2006-01-06
Publication date: 2006-07-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of dressing the red apple tree, belonging to fruit tree cultivating technology, comprising main branch configuration and branch management, the main branch comprising three layers with dislocation arrangement of main branch in each layer and with 7-9 main branches totally, the bearing branch is inserted directly or linked on each main branch in weeping-willow shape. The invention is characterized in that the operation is simple and easy to control, and be provided with a greatly increased quality and quantity, the shape is regular, the size is large, the proportion of apples with diameter about 80mm is over 80%, and the proportion of wholly red is over 85%, the average output per mu is about 6500 kg with the maximum output being 1000 kg.

Description

The shaping methods of red Fuji apple tree

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of shaping methods of improved red Fuji apple tree, be used to improve the fruit quality and the output of red fuji apple, belong to the fruit tree culture technology.

Background technology

The shaping of traditional red Fuji apple tree mostly is evacuates layering shape, requirement is lower than short hat, the trunk height has only 50-60 centimetre, the every major branch of ground floor is joined 3-4 side shoot, second layer major branch is joined 1-2 side shoot, and the 3rd layer of major branch joined 1-2 major branch, in the thin planting garden, also join on the side shoot and pay side shoot, be only the fruit bearing shoot group then, the fruit bearing shoot result on the fruit bearing shoot group, the branch level is inferior many, the nutrient channel of supplying with the result is long and tortuous, so the fruit of bearing size and quality gap are big, and prune trouble, pruning technique complexity, be difficult for grasping, also be easy to cause phenomenons such as orchard closing and biennial fruiting.Because branch is many, tree crown and orchard closing, extermination of disease and insect pest difficulty, because ventilation and penetrating light is poor, fruit color is irregular, and good fruit rate is low and yield poorly, manage garden sheet preferably, the annual per mu yield also has only about 2500 kilograms, exist management difficult, yield poorly, of poor quality, problem that benefit is low.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shaping methods of improved red Fuji apple tree, cut operation is simple, grasps easily, can improve the output and the quality of fruit greatly.

The shaping methods of red Fuji apple tree of the present invention comprises that major branch arranges and set body management, and its major branch is divided into three layers, the major branch dislocation of each layer is arranged, three layers of total major branch 7-9, directly on each major branch give birth to fruit bearing shoot or string data fruit bearing shoot group, fruit bearing shoot sags into " weeping willow " shape.

Each fruit bearing shoot directly is connected on the major branch, and the nutrient of supplying with the result is directly sufficient, has guaranteed that fruit quality is good, output is high.

Preferably trunk is controlled at 0.8-1m, 0.8-1m is more suitable for the major branch interlamellar spacing.

In tree body management, branch is put processing through slow, in time draws branch slow putting after becoming to spend, and makes fruit bearing shoot form " weeping willow " shape vertically downward, and the space is big between branch and the branch, is independent of each other, and the weeping willow formula is grown, fruit vertical be born on the fruit bearing shoot.

The inventive method cut operation is simple, grasp easily, can improve the output and the quality of fruit greatly, prove through field trial, red Fuji apple tree after the inventive method shaping, the fruit shape of producing regular, stature is big, beautiful in colour, diameter can account for more than 80% at the fruit about 80mm, and full haw accounts for more than 85%, per mu yield is about 6500 kilograms after entering the full bearing period, reach as high as 10000 kilograms, output improves more than the twice, is the tree-like of a kind of high investment high production high benefit.

Thisly tree-likely both can begin to cultivate from little tree, also can be with former tree-like the transformation, existing productive value, also has good ornamental value, can large tracts of land promote under technical staff's guidance, be the area of having a large population and a few land, the place raising fruit output that can't enlarge orchard area, the effective way of improving fruit quality, increasing farmers' income.

It should be noted that, this is tree-like because the output height, orchard more tree-like than tradition on fertilizing, watering increases by 1 times, every mu of farmyard manure and fertilizer must be more than 6000 kilograms, and in conjunction with basal dressing, dig the orchard annual autumn, guarantees that the preceding water of freeze-up water and bud irrigates, and other management such as the extermination of disease and insect pest is with normal tree-like orchard.

Embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

The shaping methods of red Fuji apple tree of the present invention, comprise that major branch arranges and set body management, the trunk height is controlled to be 0.8-1m, and major branch is divided into three layers, about major branch opening angle 70 degree, overhead 1 meter of ground floor, every interlayer is every 0.8-1 rice, and ground floor stays 2-3 major branch, and the second layer stays 2-3 major branch, the 3rd layer is stayed 3-4 major branch, three layers of total major branch 7-9, levels major branch dislocation cross arrangement, direct fruit bearing shoot or the string data fruit bearing shoot group of giving birth on each major branch, branch is put processing through delaying, in time draw branch slow putting after becoming to spend, make fruit bearing shoot vertically downward, form " weeping willow " shape, weeping willow formula growth, fruit vertical be born on the fruit bearing shoot.

In conjunction with strengthening fertilizing, watering, average yield per mu is more than 6000 kilograms, and fruit is just being justified look, and stature is big, and quality is good.

Red Fuji apple tree with regard to identical orchard, the identical age of tree carries out check experiment, and situation is as follows:

The contrast orchard: do not adopt pruning technique of the present invention to handle, canopy, the biennial bearing phenomenon is serious, and apple production is 5000 kilograms/mu during good year, the apple production less than is 2500 kilograms/mu during off year, and fruit is not of uniform size, and is painted uneven, the fruit shape not just, selling price is low, income is low.

The test orchard: adopt shaping and trimming method of the present invention to carry out shaping, apple production is 5000 kilograms/mu nearby then, and apple production was 7500 kilograms/mu in continuous 3 years later on, the fruit shape is regular, and stature is big, and is beautiful in colour, quality is good, the selling price height, and income is considerable.

Claims

1, a kind of shaping methods of red Fuji apple tree comprises that major branch arranges and set body management, it is characterized in that major branch is divided into three layers, the major branch dislocation of each layer is arranged, three layers of total major branch 7-9, directly on each major branch give birth to fruit bearing shoot or string data fruit bearing shoot group, fruit bearing shoot sags into " weeping willow " shape.

2, the shaping methods of red Fuji apple tree according to claim 1 is characterized in that trunk is controlled to be 0.8-1m.

3, the shaping methods of red Fuji apple tree according to claim 2 is characterized in that major branch interlamellar spacing 0.8-1m.

4, according to the shaping methods of claim 1,2 or 3 described red Fuji apple trees, it is characterized in that in tree body management branch is put processing through slow, in time draw branch slow putting after becoming to spend, make fruit bearing shoot vertically downward.