CN1778269A - Non-wound electronic blood-pressure inspection and inspecting device thereof - Google Patents
Non-wound electronic blood-pressure inspection and inspecting device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1778269A CN1778269A CN 200410052464 CN200410052464A CN1778269A CN 1778269 A CN1778269 A CN 1778269A CN 200410052464 CN200410052464 CN 200410052464 CN 200410052464 A CN200410052464 A CN 200410052464A CN 1778269 A CN1778269 A CN 1778269A
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Abstract
A non-wound electronic hematomanometer and its hemadynamometry are disclosed. It features that the data is processed by the firmed software determined nonlinearly fit pulse wave envelope algorithm to get actual average blood pressure. A three-way electromagnetic valve is arranged between armband and the first pressure sensor. Its common port, normally opened port and normally closed port are respectively communicated to the first pressure sensor, armband and atmosphere. An additional individual timer is used. When time-out or over-pressure occurs, its aerating pump can be immediately turned off and the pressure in armband is quickly released, so ensuring high safety.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to be used for the detection blood pressure of diagnostic purpose, the method and apparatus of pulse frequency, relate in particular to a kind of method of accurately suppressed zero pressure detecting blood pressure and adopt match to recover vibration pulse wave trend envelope algorithm, the method and apparatus that the data in the electronic blood pressure testing process are handled.
The non-invasive blood pressure detection method all is the oscillation method that adopts based on the cuff pulse wave in the background technology prior art.The noinvasive detection method of human blood-pressure mainly contains auscultation (being called for short Ke Shi sound method) that utilizes the Ke Shi sound and the proportionality coefficient method (abbreviation succusion) of utilizing the cuff wave of oscillation.
Ke Shi sound method is that experienced medical personnel adopt stethoscope, mercury pressure is taken into account cuff, the charge/discharge gas capsule is by being bundled in cuff the appropriate location of experimenter's upper arm, press close to brachial artery with stethoscope, inflate increase pressure up to the blood flow of blocking arm with the charge/discharge gas capsule to cuff, progressively lower cuff pressure to recover the blood flow of arm by the charge/discharge gas capsule then, one of the artery blood flow of arm pulsation meeting generation is ascending in this process, the descending again Ke Shi change of tuneization, and can listen to the variation of Ke Shi sound to determine systolic pressure and diastolic pressure by stethoscope and mercury gauge.The software of system is also pressed detected cuff on each step in the deflation course and interior pulse wave of cuff and characteristic wave identification when finishing the above-mentioned control of filling, exit, and recovers the cuff wave of oscillation trend envelope curve based on this feature pulse wave.The restoration methods that different equipment producers adopts is not quite similar.Because of restoration methods has a direct impact forming envelope curve, thereby it will determine the accuracy that human blood-pressure detects to a great extent.The method that mainly is used at present is, adopts linear interpolation method to recover pulse wave amplitude between the step earlier, adopts the multiple spot moving average method to eliminate unusual fluctuations again, and linear fit goes out pulse wave amplitude envelope curve thus.
Present most blood pressure detection methods that have been to use based on succusion in the electronic blood pressure checkout equipment, basic process and auscultation are very similar, promptly also boost to block the blood flow of arm by the cuff inflation, make the cuff deflation blood pressure lowering to recover the blood flow of arm then gradually, and the static pressure in the monitoring cuff and because of the pressure pulse wave that pulsation produced of arterial blood, but computational methods are by detecting pressure pulse wave and the corresponding cuff pressure thereof that artery blood flow pulsatile change at the deflation course arm is delivered in the cuff to be produced, can detect one group of amplitude from small to large, descending again pressure pulse involves corresponding descending cuff pressure, and be mean pressure with the corresponding cuff pressure of maximum of pressure pulse wave, come to press high direction to extrapolate systolic pressure according to the amplitude proportional coefficient of the pressure pulse wave of empirical value (maximum of pressure pulse wave multiply by two two pairing cuff pressure of range value that obtain less than 1 coefficient and is respectively systolic pressure and diastolic pressure) again, and extrapolate diastolic pressure (being called for short proportionality coefficient method) based on cuff vibration pulse magnitude to the direction that cuff forces down to cuff.
The basic structure of electronic blood pressure checkout equipment generally comprises pressure transducer and the treatment circuit that () detects cuff pressure; (2) the pressure pulse wave treatment circuit that changes based on cuff pressure; (3) excess pressure detecting sensor and amplification, protection treatment circuit; (4) gas circuit and the control of filling, exit that are connected with pressure transducer of cuff, control vent valve, inflator pump; (5) mould/number conversion, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, (six) power pack.Wherein the detection of pressure pulse wave and cuff pressure can be placed on venting stage or aeration phase after the inflation in the testing process, the venting form in venting stage can be evenly to exit continuously (promptly to successively decrease with the 3-5mmHg uniform pressure, while detected pressures pulse wave), also can be that (promptly the step with 5-10mmHg lowers cuff pressure one by one in the step venting, detected pressures pulse wave on each pressure step), the big young pathbreaker of each step hypotension determines according to detected pulse wave amplitude.Continuously even venting form will increase the time of blood pressure testing process, the influence that arm motion, position are changed also is difficult to overcome, its application is subjected to certain limitation, and step venting form will reduce blood pressure detection time, and can overcome because the interference of initiations such as arm motion, position variation, possesses better anti-jamming capability, so a lot of company adopts step venting form mostly in blood pressure detects.
The shortcoming of prior art:
The oscillation method that non-invasive blood pressure detects realizes relying on the blood pressure of comprehensively finishing of hardware and software to detect; wherein hardware components considers that mainly one is the amplification to cuff pressure and pressure pulse wave signal; the 2nd, cuff is pressed independently overvoltage crowbar of another road; the 3rd, the digital circuit part, the present hardware components major defect of understanding has:
The detection of A, band pressure needs periodic school Z-operation, at present be automatic zero adjustment under the direct condition that does not have to inflate at cuff mostly, but because circuit drift exists and be difficult in blood pressure testing process repeatedly guarantee that static pressure in the cuff can be reduced to the force value near " zero ", this will cause one to be to fail in possible school zero; The 2nd, school zero success but still may produce the force value deviation that causes because of zero migration can influence the accuracy that cuff pressure detects in a word.
B, according to safe requirement, needing to have two in the blood pressure testing process overlaps independently timing system and guarantees the restriction of detection time, at present the blood pressure detection module normally mould determine a cover timing system arranged self, and provide an interface to trigger port to link to each other with the outside timing that provides, realize another set of independent timing system by the timing function of host computer, also can finish the safety requirements of independent timing, but this blood pressure module is not realized complete safe independence timing system, need the cooperation of host computer, will bring hidden danger to the Secure Application of blood pressure module like this.
C, since in the actual deflation course amplitude change trend of the cuff pulse wave that produced be ascending, descending again after the arrival amplitude extremum, form asymmetric and nonlinear curve envelope trend, so come match to have certain defective with linear trend, can not accurately recover the pulse wave amplitude and change envelope curve, be unfavorable for mean pressure, systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of accurate calculated for subsequent.
Summary of the invention technical problem to be solved by this invention is to propose a kind of new noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method and device for fear of the deficiencies in the prior art part.This method and apparatus is added three-way magnetic valve between the cuff and first pressure transducer, normal open QI KOU of this valve is connected with cuff by prolonging trachea, its normally closed QI KOU communicates with air, so just realized when carrying out the blood pressure detection, first pressure transducer and whole gas circuit UNICOM, respond to the pressure in the gas circuit in real time, also making regularly can be in the interval of carrying out in the blood pressure testing process and blood pressure detects at every turn, by the switching that powers up to this three-way valve, make that the first above-mentioned pressure transducer can be directly and ambient atmosphere UNICOM, can obtain " zero pressure " calibration value exactly, realize the calibration automatically regularly of " zero pressure " of the no inner air path participation that cuff pressure detects, finish the accurate detection of cuff pressure.
Simultaneously, newly-increased one tunnel independence timing circuit, by a microprocessor or two fix 180 seconds ± 5 seconds time limit timer circuit composes in series, the input of this trigger is connected with an I/O mouth of the master microprocessor of blood pressure module (MCU), wherein when coming the starting impulse of autonomous MCU for one, start this timer work of prescribing a time limit, when receiving a termination pulse once more, will stop above-mentioned timer work in limited time, at its input a delay gate circuit is arranged in addition, prevent from when powering on, to produce trigger impulse and start fixed cycle operator unusually.
Because each sampling number is according to comprising pressure pulse wave amplitude and corresponding cuff pressure value thereof, for step venting form commonly used, systems soft ware is controlled the attenuating value of each step pressure according to detected pulse wave amplitude, and the cuff pressure difference of each neighbouring sample point is not waited.Therefore calculate in order accurately to recover envelope and to be convenient to, the present invention selects suitable stepping difference, at each sampled point, utilizes pointwise to move the repeatedly method of curve fitting and non-linear interpolation of segmentation, produce the pairing pulse wave amplitude of cuff pressure of a series of adjacent equal pressure differences, and store it; Pointwise makes curve smoothing again, produces the pulse wave vibration envelope trend after recovering; Find out the maximum of points of this trend curve, be the mean pressure location point.
The present invention solve the technical problem by realizing by the following technical solutions:
Implement a kind of noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method, based on the system that comprises that cuff, inflator pump, first pressure transducer, second pressure transducer, fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve, master microprocessor, display screen, communication interface and host computer constitute, it is characterized in that described method comprises step:
A. at first, between the cuff and first pressure transducer, add three-way magnetic valve;
B. after, when system's energising is started working, make electromagnetic valve work in first pressure transducer earlier and connect atmospheric state, first pressure transducer carries out zero point correction and detects;
C. after zero point correction finishes, make electromagnetic valve work in the state that first pressure transducer is connected cuff, when carrying out the blood pressure detection, starting inflator pump begins to pressurize to cuff, host computer receives data by communication interface and shows the cuff internal pressure or show the cuff internal pressure by display screen, after the cuff internal pressure reached setting value, gas replenishment process stopped;
D. system's opening/closing pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve according to the speed venting of setting, and detects whether the pulse signal appearance is arranged;
E. having detected pulse signal occurs; Master microprocessor carries out date processing according to the algorithm that the determined nonlinear fitting of solidification software recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope, and shows the pressure value that records on display screen or host computer;
F. in testing process, run into overtime or the overvoltage phenomenon, system opens pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve immediately, closes inflator pump, and cuff pressure is released, and guarantees safe in utilizationly, and master microprocessor is resetted again;
G. after the one-time detection normal termination, open pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve, cuff pressure is released, close pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve;
When h. carrying out the blood pressure detection once more, begin circulation from step c, and regularly begin circulation from step b.
Said method step a adds three-way magnetic valve and comprises step between the cuff and first pressure transducer:
A. the public blow vent with three-way magnetic valve connects first pressure transducer, and the normal open QI KOU connects cuff, and normally closed QI KOU is communicated with atmosphere;
B., the three-way valve drive circuit is set, and this circuit is controlled by master microprocessor;
C. master microprocessor the pin of three-way valve drive circuit control by output high level and low level, is made that electromagnetic valve works in public blow vent and normal open QI KOU path, the state that blocks with normally closed QI KOU and public blow vent and normally closed QI KOU path, and the state of normal open QI KOU obstruction.
In the described testing process of non-invasive methods step f, run into overtime or the overvoltage phenomenon, system closes inflator pump immediately, opens fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve, be that an independent timing circuit is set in system, described independent timing circuit is started by master microprocessor control, timing time is once arriving the overtime control circuit of overvoltage to exporting a control signal, and this circuit is opened fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve immediately, closed inflator pump, and cuff pressure is released.
The described master microprocessor 100 of non-invasive methods step e carries out date processing according to the algorithm that the determined nonlinear fitting of solidification software recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope, makes cuff pressure reach predetermined value by the gas circuit pressurization before this; The pressure pulse wave amplitude Y and the cuff pressure value X of sampling each point in the time of again by its venting of software control; Step subsequently comprises:
A. first sampled point X0, the Y0 with described sampling is initial value, selects a pressure step delta, and being convenient to follow-up serves as when handling intermediate value and carrying out the trend term match with all sampled point Xn, Yn, produce Xm, Ym interpolation point data, n wherein, m is a natural number, the Xm=X0-m Δ;
B. based on described sampled point, move the data of choosing at least 3 neighbouring sample points successively one by one, carry out following processing respectively, until the selected processing of last sampled point:
Construct repeatedly curve with described at least 3 and carry out the match of piecewise trend item, at selected ordinal position (first and second, the or the second and the 3rd, or other) two adjacent sampled points between, generation trend interpolation point Xm, Ym, and store it successively, and wherein Xm is between the cuff pressure value interval of these described two sampled points, and n, m increase progressively in this process one by one;
C. the each point pulse wave amplitude with described storage is that intermediate value carries out smoothing processing: move one by one described each point amplitude, make it the amplitude weighted average with at least 2 consecutive points, obtain the amplitude of this point after smoothly, and store it.
D. in the curve data of the level and smooth back of described storage, inquire about the maximum pulse wave amplitude, with this position is that benchmark is chosen difference and above data about it at 1, construct repeatedly curve with it jointly, calculate this repeatedly maximum of curve, as the extreme value of vibration pulse wave trend envelope curve, pairing cuff pressure is mean pressure.
Among the step b of the algorithm of described nonlinear fitting recovery vibration pulse wave trend envelope, be that the data configuration quadratic fit curve that 3 neighbouring sample points are adopted in segmentation is moved in pointwise, end in the cuff pressure value of 2 of per the 1st cuff pressure values to the, produce the pressure pulse wave amplitude interpolation at the predetermined cuff pressure value X0-m Δ place in the described scope.
Among the step c of the algorithm of described nonlinear fitting recovery vibration pulse wave trend envelope, to the pulse wave amplitude of each memory point, be to get each 2 pulse amplitude Value Data about it, arithmetic mean is done level and smooth therewith.
In the steps d of the algorithm of described nonlinear fitting recovery vibration pulse wave trend envelope, be that position with the maximum pulse wave amplitude is a benchmark, choose pressure and increase progressively adjacent 1 point data of direction, adjacent 2 point data of pressure decline direction, construct conic section jointly with method of least square with it, and ask its extreme value.
Described nonlinear fitting recovers in the steps d of algorithm of vibration pulse wave trend envelope, is that the position with the maximum pulse wave amplitude is a benchmark, chooses adjacent each 1 point data in the left and right sides, construct conic section with it jointly, and asks its extreme value.
The present invention can also further implement by following technical scheme:
Manufacture and design a kind of noinvasive electronic blood pressure checkout gear according to said method, comprise cuff, inflator pump, first pressure transducer, second pressure transducer, fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve, slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve, master microprocessor, display screen and communication interface, especially also comprise three-way magnetic valve, described three-way magnetic valve is connected between the cuff and first pressure transducer.
Described fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve connects fast valve-driving circuit, the input termination master microprocessor of described fast valve-driving circuit and the overtime control circuit of overvoltage, the output of another input termination independence timing circuit of the overtime control circuit of described overvoltage.
Described independent timing circuit comprises second microprocessor, two I/O pins of described second microprocessor are connected with two I/O pins of master microprocessor, and by software mode realization timing, triggering function, delayed startup, time-delay command for stopping and the adult/neonate of accepting master microprocessor are provided with instruction, and second microprocessor also has a pin output timeout signal to the overtime control circuit of overvoltage.
Described communication interface is the RS232 interface, can also be USB interface.
The output of described first pressure transducer connects the instrument amplifier circuit, the output one tunnel of this instrument amplifier circuit inputs to the A/D change-over circuit as pressure signal, and another Lu Jingqian amplifier, back amplifier amplification also input to the A/D change-over circuit as pulse signal.
It is that the master constitutes that described gain control and reference voltage circuit can select 1 bidirectional analog switch numbers circuit 4053 by 32.
Amplifier has an input resistance before described, other has a resistance in parallel or not related with input resistance by gain control and reference voltage circuit, regulating amplification, in parallel or not related is that A, B, C pin by SETP, AN_MODE signal controlling gain control and the reference voltage circuit of master microprocessor output determined.
Described back amplifier also has an input resistance, also there is a resistance in parallel or not related with this input resistance in addition by gain control and reference voltage circuit, regulate the amplification of back amplifier, in parallel or not related also is that A, B, C pin by SETP, AN_MODE signal controlling gain control and the reference voltage circuit of master microprocessor output determined.
Control pin A, B, the C of digital circuit 4053 insert master microprocessor, 4053 output pin X of digital circuit connect the reverse input end of out amplifier by a resistance, its corresponding input pin X1 meets reference voltage V1.25, pin X0 meets reference voltage V2.0, and different reference voltages makes that the threshold value of out amplifier is also different.
The output of described second pressure transducer connects the combination instrument amplifying circuit that is made of last amplifier, following amplifier, out amplifier, and the output of this circuit drives output overvoltage signal OP through field-effect transistor, and overvoltage signal OP takes over and presses overtime control circuit.
The overtime control circuit of described overvoltage comprises two reversers and two nor gate digital circuits, by the timeout signal OT of independent timing circuit output be linked into the input of the overtime control circuit of overvoltage by the overvoltage signal OP of out amplifier output, the output of this circuit connects fast valve-driving circuit and slow valve-driving circuit, in case cuff pressure transfinites, open the valve release immediately, guarantee safety.
The present invention compares with the circuit design of prior art, and first advantage is: optimized the gas circuit syndeton, realize cuff pressure automatically, the automatic calibration of the no gas circuit residual pressure influence in " zero-pressure force " accurately, increase the accuracy that cuff pressure detects.
Second advantage is: adopted a cover timing circuit to realize independent time limit timing function in the blood pressure testing process, really realized the regularly independent of module level, strengthened the safety assurance in the blood pressure testing process.
The 3rd advantage: utilize the inventive method, can accurately recover pulse wave amplitude variation tendency envelope, make the mean pressure that obtains more can meet clinical practical situation.
Description of drawings Fig. 1 is the principle of compositionality block diagram of the method for the invention and device;
Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the flow charts of the method for the invention;
Fig. 5 is the electrical schematic diagram of independent timing circuit in the device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the electrical schematic diagram of pick off and amplifier circuit thereof in the device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a pulse wave amplitude variation tendency envelope sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the algorithm data process chart that nonlinear fitting of the present invention recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope.
The specific embodiment is further described in detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and most preferred embodiment.
As Fig. 1～shown in Figure 4: implement a kind of noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method, based on the system that comprises that cuff 10, inflator pump 50, first pressure transducer 30, second pressure transducer 40, fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60, slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 70, master microprocessor 100, display screen 110, communication interface 120 and host computer 200 constitute, described method comprises step:
A. at first, between the cuff 10 and first pressure transducer 30, add three-way magnetic valve 20;
B. after, when system's energising is started working, make electromagnetic valve 20 work in first pressure transducer 30 earlier and connect atmospheric state, first pressure transducer 30 carries out zero point correction and detects;
C. after zero point correction finishes, make electromagnetic valve 20 work in the state that first pressure transducer 30 is connected cuff 10, when carrying out the blood pressure detection, start inflator pump 50 beginnings to cuff 10 pressurizations, host computer 200 receives data and shows cuff 10 internal pressures by communication interface 120, or by display screen 110 demonstration cuff internal pressures, after cuff 10 internal pressures reached setting value, gas replenishment process stopped;
D. fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60 of system's opening/closing and slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 70 are exitted according to the speed of setting, and whether detection has pulse signal to occur;
E. having detected pulse signal occurs; Master microprocessor 100 carries out date processing according to the algorithm that the determined nonlinear fitting of solidification software recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope, and shows the pressure value that records on display screen 110 or host computer 200;
F. in testing process, run into overtime or the overvoltage phenomenon, system closes inflator pump 50 immediately, opens fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60, and cuff 10 internal pressures are released, and guarantees safe in utilization; And make master microprocessor 100 reset again;
G. one-time detection finishes, and opens fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60, with cuff 10 pressure releasings, closes fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60;
When h. carrying out the blood pressure detection once more, begin circulation from step c, and regularly begin circulation from b.Step a is described to be added three-way magnetic valve 20 and comprises step between the cuff 10 and first pressure transducer 30:
A. the public blow vent with three-way magnetic valve 20 connects first pressure transducer 30, and the normal open QI KOU connects cuff 10, and normally closed QI KOU is communicated with atmosphere;
B., three-way valve drive circuit 21 is set, and this circuit 21 is by master microprocessor 100 controls;
C. the pin of 100 pairs of three-way valve drive circuits of master microprocessor 21 control is by output high level and low level, makes that electromagnetic valve 20 works in public blow vent and normal open QI KOU path, the state that blocks with normally closed QI KOU and public blow vent and normally closed QI KOU path, and the state of normal open QI KOU obstruction.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 5, in the described testing process of non-invasive methods step f, run into overtime or the overvoltage phenomenon, system closes inflator pump 50 immediately, opens fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60, be that an independent timing circuit 45 is set in system, described independent timing circuit 45 is started by master microprocessor 100 controls, and timing time is once arriving the overtime control circuit 46 of overvoltage to exporting a timeout signal OT, this circuit 46 is opened fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60 immediately, is closed inflator pump 50, and cuff pressure is released.
With reference to Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the described master microprocessor 100 of non-invasive methods step e carries out date processing according to the algorithm that the determined nonlinear fitting of solidification software recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope, makes cuff pressure reach predetermined value by the gas circuit pressurization before this; The pressure pulse wave amplitude Y and the cuff pressure value X of sampling each point in the time of again by its venting of software control; Step subsequently comprises:
A. first sampled point X0, Y0 with described sampling are initial value, select a pressure step delta, and being convenient to follow-up serves as when handling intermediate value and carrying out the trend term match with all sampled point Xn, Yn, produce Xm, Ym interpolation point data, n wherein, m is a natural number, the Xm=X-m Δ;
B. based on described sampled point, move the data of choosing at least 3 neighbouring sample points successively one by one, carry out following processing respectively, until the selected processing of last sampled point:
Construct repeatedly curve with described at least 3 and carry out the match of piecewise trend item, at selected ordinal position (first and second, the or the second and the 3rd, or other) two adjacent sampled points between, generation trend interpolation point Xm, Ym, and store it successively, and wherein Xm is between the cuff pressure value interval of these described two sampled points, and n, m increase progressively in this process one by one;
C. the each point pulse wave amplitude with described storage is that intermediate value carries out smoothing processing: move one by one described each point amplitude, make it the amplitude weighted average with at least 2 consecutive points, obtain the amplitude of this point after smoothly, and store it.
D. in the curve data of the level and smooth back of described storage, inquire about the maximum pulse wave amplitude, with this position is that benchmark is chosen difference and above data about it at 1, construct repeatedly curve with it jointly, calculate this repeatedly maximum of curve, as the extreme value of vibration pulse wave trend envelope curve, pairing cuff pressure is mean pressure.
Among the step b of the algorithm of described nonlinear fitting recovery vibration pulse wave trend envelope, be that the data configuration quadratic fit curve that 3 neighbouring sample points are adopted in segmentation is moved in pointwise, end in the cuff pressure value of 2 of per the 1st cuff pressure values to the, produce the pressure pulse wave amplitude interpolation at the predetermined cuff pressure value X0-m Δ place in the described scope.
Among the step c of the algorithm of described nonlinear fitting recovery vibration pulse wave trend envelope, to the pulse wave amplitude of each memory point, be to get each 2 pulse amplitude Value Data about it, arithmetic mean is done level and smooth therewith.
In the steps d of the algorithm of described nonlinear fitting recovery vibration pulse wave trend envelope, be that position with the maximum pulse wave amplitude is a benchmark, choose pressure and increase progressively adjacent 1 point data of direction, adjacent 2 point data of pressure decline direction, construct conic section jointly with method of least square with it, and ask its extreme value.
Described nonlinear fitting recovers in the steps d of algorithm of vibration pulse wave trend envelope, is that the position with the maximum pulse wave amplitude is a benchmark, chooses adjacent each 1 point data in the left and right sides, construct conic section with it jointly, and asks its extreme value.
As shown in Figure 1, manufacture and design a kind of most preferred embodiment of noinvasive electronic blood pressure checkout gear according to said method, comprise cuff 10, inflator pump 50, first pressure transducer 30, second pressure transducer 40, fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60, slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 70, master microprocessor 100, display screen 110 and communication interface 120, especially: also comprise three-way magnetic valve 20, described three-way magnetic valve 20 is connected between the cuff 10 and first pressure transducer 30.
The public blow vent of described three-way magnetic valve 20 connects first pressure transducer 30, and the normal open QI KOU connects cuff 10, and normally closed QI KOU is communicated with atmosphere.
Also as shown in Figure 1, in most preferred embodiment, described fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 60 connects fast valve-driving circuit 61, overtime control circuit 46 outfans of the input termination master microprocessor 100 of described fast valve-driving circuit 61 and overvoltage, the output of an input termination independence timing circuit 45 of the overtime control circuit 46 of described overvoltage.
As shown in Figure 5, in most preferred embodiment, described independent timing circuit 45 comprises the second microprocessor U2, U2 selects the MSP430 microprocessor for use, U2 realizes regularly, triggers function by software mode, two I/O pins of the described second microprocessor U2 are connected with two I/O pins of master microprocessor 100, delayed startup, time-delay command for stopping and the adult/neonate of accepting master microprocessor 100 are provided with instruction, and the second microprocessor U2 also has a pin output timeout signal OT to the overtime control circuit 46 of overvoltage.
Described communication interface 120 is selected the RS232 interface for use in most preferred embodiment, can certainly select USB interface for use.
As Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 1, the output of described first pressure transducer 30 connects instrument amplifier circuit 31, the output one tunnel of this instrument amplifier circuit 31 inputs to A/D change-over circuit 35 as pressure signal (CUFFPRESS), and another Lu Jingqian amplifier 32, back amplifier 33 amplify the back and also input to A/D change-over circuit 35 as pulse signal (PULSEWAVE).
The output of first pressure transducer 30 inserts the port 2 of instrument amplifier 31, port 3, the input lead 4 of first pressure transducer 30 inserts the port 7 of operational amplifier U3A, the lead-in wire 2 of first pressure transducer 30 and lead-in wire 5 ports 3 that insert operational amplifier U3A in parallel, operational amplifier U3A pin 2 ground connection, pin 6 connects power Vcc and passes through capacitor C 1 ground connection AGND, pin 6 ground connection of first pressure transducer 30, insert the pin 8 of instrument amplifier 31 behind the pin 1 connecting resistance R1 of instrument amplifier 31, the pin 7 of instrument amplifier 31 connects power Vcc, and by capacitor C 2 ground connection, pin 4 ground connection of instrument amplifier 31, the pin 5 of instrument amplifier 31 is connected between resistance R 2 and the R3, another termination Vcc of R2 wherein, the other end ground connection of R3,6 fens two-way of the output pin of instrument amplifier 31, potentiometer TR1 and the resistance R 4 polyphone dividing potential drops of leading up to output to resistance R 12, and connect capacitor C 22 to ground, while output pressure signal CuffPress, another road connects resistance R 5 by capacitance E1, and is input to preceding amplifier 32 by R5.Also realized program control gain selection simultaneously on the pro-amplifier 32, guaranteed that (adult/neonate) is provided with different gains under the different application pattern.Way in most preferred embodiment is:
Preceding amplifier 32 has input resistance R5, other has a resistance R 6 in parallel or not related with resistance R 5 by gain control and reference voltage circuit 44, and in parallel or not related is to be controlled and A, B, the C pin of reference voltage circuit 44 are determined by SETP, the gain of AN_MODE signal controlling of master microprocessor 100.
It is that the master constitutes that described gain control and reference voltage circuit 44 select 1 bidirectional analog switch numbers circuit 4053 by 32, its control pin A, B, C insert master microprocessor 100, its output pin X connects the reverse input end of out amplifier 43 by resistance R 28, its input pin X1 meets reference voltage V1.25, pin X0 meets reference voltage V2.0, and different introducing voltage makes that the threshold value of out amplifier 43 is also different.The pin 7,8 of analog switch digital circuit 4053 and 6 ground connection AGND, it is a port from CPU that pin 9 meets STEP, to finish being connected and disconnection to pin 4 and pin 3 or 5, be connected to AN_MODE after pin 10 and 11 parallel connections and be a port from CPU, be connected to pin 1 or 2 to finish pin 15, pin 14 is connected to the synchronous switching of pin 13 or 12.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 5, the output of described second pressure transducer 40 connects voltage follower that is made of last amplifier 41 and the preamplifier that is made of following amplifier 42, an output " X " of the output of following amplifier 42 and gain control and reference voltage circuit 44 is linked into two inputs of out amplifier 43 respectively, the output of this out amplifier 43 drives output overvoltage signal OP through field-effect transistor Q7, and overvoltage signal OP takes over and presses overtime control circuit 46.Reach and whether detect cuff pressure, guarantee experimenter's purpose of safety above predetermined protection pressure spot.
The process of overvoltage protection is to import VI by R18 with power supply by the pin 1 of second pressure transducer 40 to be connected; stabilivolt D1 and capacitor C 5 access in parallel ground AGND; the pin 3 of second pressure transducer 40 also inserts ground AGND; the pin 4 of second pressure transducer 40 is received the pin 3 of amplifier 41; pin 4 is received pin 5 by resistance R 26; after also contacting with potentiometer TR2 by resistance R 24 simultaneously, this pin 4 is connected to down the pin 8 of amplifier 42; the pin 1 of the following amplifier 42 that the pin 2 of second pressure transducer 40 is received; its pin 8 is received pin 7 by resistance R 25; this pin 7 is connected to the pin 4 of out amplifier 43 by resistance R 27; this pin 4 is connected to 32 pins 14 that select 1 bidirectional analog switch numbers circuit 4053 by resistance R 28 again; and further select the pin 13 or 12 of 1 bidirectional analog switch numbers circuit 4053 to be connected respectively to reference voltage V1.25 and V2.5 by 32; the pin 5 of following amplifier 42 is connected with the pin 3 of out amplifier 43 by R29; the pin 3 of out amplifier 43 is connected with pin 5 with ground GND respectively with resistance R 31 by resistance R 30 again simultaneously; link to each other by capacitor C 49 between the pin 3 and 4 of out amplifier 43; the pin 5 of out amplifier 43 is connected with the pin 1 of field effect transistor Q7; the pin 1 of field effect transistor Q7 is connected with pin 2 by resistance R 35 again; and connect with ground AGND; the pin 3 of field effect transistor Q7 is connected with power Vcc by resistance R 54, and this pin 3 also is the output of overvoltage signal OP simultaneously.
The output one tunnel of second pressure transducer 40 connects the voltage follower that is made of last amplifier 41; the output of voltage follower inserts the inverting input of amplifier 42 down; the in-phase input end of following amplifier 42 connects another road output of second pressure transducer 40; finish the preposition amplification of static cuff pressure; the outfan of this amplifying circuit is connected to the in-phase input end of out amplifier 43; inverting input in this out amplifier 43 inserts adjustable reference voltage simultaneously; so just can realize the accurate status upset of overvoltage point protection, to adapt to the demand that different over-voltage protection points are set without expectation under the application model.
As Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 1, the overtime control circuit 46 of described overvoltage comprises reverser U4-1, U4-2 and nor gate digital circuit U3-1, U3-2, be linked into the input of the overtime control circuit 46 of overvoltage by the timeout signal OT of independent timing circuit 45 outputs with by the overvoltage signal OP of out amplifier 43 outputs, the output of this circuit 46 connects fast valve-driving circuit 61 and slow valve-driving circuit 71.
Described communication interface 120 adopts the RS232 interface in most preferred embodiment, can also select USB interface for use in other embodiments.
Most preferred embodiment as shown in Figure 5: the P02 interface of the startup timing input termination master microprocessor 100 of described independent timing circuit 45.The second microprocessor U2 among the figure is made of the MSP430 type single-chip microcomputer of TI, finishes timing by the systems soft ware of MSP430, when U2 detects the startup timer signal, promptly starts software timer; When U2 detects termination timing device signal, promptly stop software timer; The restriction of this software timer will depend on the application model setting: promptly adult/neonate pattern is provided with, and adult mode is 180 ± 1 seconds, and the neonate pattern is 90 ± 1 seconds.
Certain above-mentioned timer can also adopt analog device or digital circuit to realize same function.
In most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the I/O mouth P1.0 of microprocessor U2 connects the input of overtime control circuit 46, when system is in other armed state except that detected state, this port keeps low level, and this port will be exported a high level when system is in normal testing state, and keep until this testing process finishes, this port is got back to low level once more and is continued to keep armed state.When an input end of overtime control circuit 46 during in low level, timer is in and stops time status, have only that this port just has output when the timing of timer surpasses in limited time (as 180 ± 1 seconds (adult) or 90 ± 1 seconds (neonate)), start pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve 70, stop inflator pump 50, and notice master microprocessor 100.
Solidified systems soft ware is responsible for the monitoring in the testing process in the master microprocessor 100, date processing, and the result calculates, and to the communication of last level controlling system.During detection, system makes cuff pressure reach predetermined value by the gas circuit pressurization earlier, again by its venting of software control, sample simultaneously the pressure pulse wave amplitude and the corresponding cuff pressure value of each point, the venting form is step venting or venting continuously, and as shown in Figure 7, the data that sample are transverse axis with the cuff pressure, vibration pulse wave amplitude is the longitudinal axis, have like this discrete points data A (X, Y), B (X, Y), C (X, Y) ..., X shown in the figure
A, X
B, X
C... be non-equal difference cuff pressure sampled value.When match recovery curve envelope, for the ease of calculating and meticulous match, this method makes a series of equal pressures data point (X0 at interval that obtains representing envelope of curve by non-linear interpolation, Y0), (X1, Y1), (X2, Y2), (X3 Y3) ... X1-X0=X2-X1=X3-X2=......=Δ wherein, goes computing again.
As shown in Figure 8, concrete handling process may further comprise the steps
A. cuff pressure X0, the Y0 with first sampled point is initial value, selects a pressure step delta, and being convenient to follow-up serves as when handling intermediate value and carrying out the trend term match with all sampled point Xn, Yn, produce Xm, Ym interpolation point data, n wherein, m is a natural number, the Xm=X0-m Δ;
B. based on described sampled point, move the data of choosing 3 neighbouring sample points successively one by one, with the structure conic section carry out the match of piecewise trend item, cuff pressure value 2 of per the 1st cuff pressure values to the is ended, produce the pressure pulse wave amplitude interpolation Ym at each the predetermined cuff pressure interpolation X0-m Δ place in this scope, and store it successively; M increases progressively in this process one by one;
C. the each point pulse wave amplitude with described storage is that intermediate value carries out smoothing processing: move described each point amplitude Y one by one
n, the amplitude weighted average that makes it about adjacent each 2 point is carried out smoothly, obtains the amplitude of this point after smoothly, and stores it;
D. in the data of the level and smooth back of described storage, inquire about the maximum pulse wave amplitude, with this position is that benchmark is chosen the data of difference more than 1 about it, construct repeatedly curve with it jointly, calculate this repeatedly maximum of curve, as the extreme value of vibration pulse wave trend envelope curve, pairing cuff pressure is mean pressure.
Wherein, step difference Δ can be according to choosing value in the 3-5mmHg pressure differential range that do not coexist of testing human among the step a.
Conic section among the step b can be expressed as Y=a with 3 matches
nX
2+ b
nX+c
nAnd satisfy
Y
n＝Y(X
n)，Y
n+1＝Y(X
n+1)，Y
n-1＝Y(X
n-1)
Determine a thus
n, b
n, c
nAnd further extrapolate X0-m Δ≤X
nThe Y at pressure place
mData.If there are enough resources and arithmetic speed in system, can carry out non-linear interpolation with repeatedly matched curve of the data configuration more than 3 o'clock.
Interpolation between each sectional first two sampled point except example adopts also can adopt interpolation between latter two sampled point; Serving as when handling intermediate value and carrying out the match of piecewise trend item with all sampled point Xn, Yn, general because sampled point is abundant, thus can allow to abandon in the end between two sampled points or carry out interpolation between two sampled points at first.
The disposal of gentle filter among the step c adopts the rolling weighted average method of consecutive points, with 5 be example, do not get rid of or weighted average in the practice at 3 at 4.Described weighted average also can be reduced to arithmetic average.
For making data more accurate, above-mentioned steps d can further handle, as shown in Figure 7: according to the maximum position that inquires, increase progressively direction toward pressure and select adjacent 1 data point, the pressure decline direction is selected adjacent 2 data points, make the data point of the steeper end of trend more, to guarantee the trend weight of rising edge; According to above-mentioned 4 data points, construct conic section with method of least square again, the extreme value of pulse wave amplitude trend envelope is confirmed as on the summit of this curve, corresponding mean pressure; Amplitude extremum can also further be calculated the amplitude of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure correspondence according to this, thereby envelope is calculated systolic pressure and diastolic pressure according to this.
The data acquisition of systems soft ware and preprocessor module are when using the inventive method, also in conjunction with pulse wave is carried out the identification of reference wave and the calculating and the judgement of amplitude, only when normal tendency pulse occurring, just can carry out follow-up pulse match and interpolation arithmetic, and further blood pressure calculates, and when failing to find the pulse of normal tendency, to continue to seek pulse wave or newspaper unusually, and generation corresponding error information, this processing procedure does not add elaboration not within the object of the invention.
Facts have proved that the present invention has optimized the gas circuit syndeton, realize cuff pressure automatically, " zero-pressure force " calibration automatically of no residual pressure influence accurately, increased the accuracy that cuff pressure detects.
Simultaneously, the present invention has adopted a cover timing circuit to realize independent time limit timing function in the blood pressure testing process, has really realized the regularly independent of module level, has strengthened the safety assurance in the blood pressure testing process.
Adopt nonlinear fitting to recover the trend envelope of the wave of oscillation among the present invention, can realize exactly the extreme value pulse wave obtain and to the location of mean pressure; Clinical verification, the mean pressure that obtains more can meet the practical situation of test, particularly can effectively handle the data that the step venting obtains, thereby shorten test process, help safety.
Claims (20)
1. noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method, based on the system that comprises that cuff (10), inflator pump (50), first pressure transducer (30), second pressure transducer (40), fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60), slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (70) master microprocessor (100), display screen (110), communication interface (120) and host computer (200) constitute, it is characterized in that described method comprises step:
A. at first, between cuff (10) and first pressure transducer (30), add three-way magnetic valve (20);
B. after, when system's energising is started working, make electromagnetic valve (20) work in first pressure transducer (30) earlier and connect atmospheric state, first pressure transducer (30) carries out zero point correction and detects;
C. after zero point correction finishes, make electromagnetic valve (20) work in the state that first pressure transducer (30) is connected cuff (10), when carrying out the blood pressure detection, starting inflator pump (50) beginning pressurizes to cuff (10), host computer (200) receives data and shows cuff (10) internal pressure by communication interface (120), or by display screen (110) demonstration cuff internal pressure, after cuff (10) internal pressure reached setting value, gas replenishment process stopped;
D. fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve of system's opening/closing (60) and slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (70) according to the speed venting of setting, and detect whether the pulse signal appearance is arranged;
E. having detected pulse signal occurs; Master microprocessor (100) carries out date processing according to the algorithm that the determined nonlinear fitting of solidification software recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope, and goes up the pressure value that demonstration records at display screen (110) or host computer (200);
F. in testing process, run into overtime or the overvoltage phenomenon, system closes inflator pump (50) immediately, opens fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60), and cuff (10) internal pressure is released, and guarantees safe in utilization; And make master microprocessor (100) reset again;
G. one-time detection finishes, and opens fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60), with cuff (10) pressure releasing, closes fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60);
When h. carrying out the blood pressure detection once more, begin circulation from step c, and regularly begin circulation from b.
2. noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: step a is described to be added three-way magnetic valve (20) and comprises step between cuff (10) and first pressure transducer (30):
A. the public blow vent with three-way magnetic valve (20) connects first pressure transducer (30), and the normal open QI KOU connects cuff (10), and normally closed QI KOU is communicated with atmosphere;
B., three-way valve drive circuit (21) is set, and this circuit (21) is controlled by master microprocessor (100);
C. master microprocessor (100) pin of three-way valve drive circuit (21) control by output high level and low level, is made that electromagnetic valve (20) works in public blow vent and normal open QI KOU path, the state that blocks with normally closed QI KOU and public blow vent and normally closed QI KOU path, and the state of normal open QI KOU obstruction.
3. noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described testing process of step f, run into overtime or the overvoltage phenomenon, system closes inflator pump (50) immediately, open fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60), be that an independent timing circuit (45) is set in system, described independent timing circuit (45) is started by master microprocessor (100) control, timing time is once arriving the overtime control circuit of overvoltage (46) to exporting a control signal, this circuit (46) is opened fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60) immediately, close inflator pump (50), cuff pressure is released.
4. noinvasive electronic blood pressure detection method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described master microprocessor of step e (100) carries out date processing according to the algorithm that the determined nonlinear fitting of solidification software recovers vibration pulse wave trend envelope, makes cuff pressure reach predetermined value by the gas circuit pressurization before this; The pressure pulse wave amplitude Y and the cuff pressure value X of sampling each point in the time of again by its venting of software control; Step subsequently comprises:
A. first sampled point X0, the Y0 with described sampling is initial value, selects a pressure step delta, and being convenient to follow-up serves as when handling intermediate value and carrying out the trend term match with all sampled point Xn, Yn, produce Xm, Ym interpolation point data, n wherein, m is a natural number, the Xm=X0-m Δ;
B. based on described sampled point, move the data of choosing at least 3 neighbouring sample points successively one by one, carry out following processing respectively, until the selected processing of last sampled point:
Construct repeatedly curve with described at least 3 and carry out the match of piecewise trend item, at selected ordinal position (first and second, the or the second and the 3rd, or other) two adjacent sampled points between, generation trend interpolation point Xm, Ym, and store it successively, and wherein Xm is between the cuff pressure value interval of these described two sampled points, and n, m increase progressively in this process one by one;
C. the each point pulse wave amplitude with described storage is that intermediate value carries out smoothing processing: move one by one described each point amplitude, make it the amplitude weighted average with at least 2 consecutive points, obtain the amplitude of this point after smoothly, and store it.
D. in the curve data of the level and smooth back of described storage, inquire about the maximum pulse wave amplitude, with this position is that benchmark is chosen difference and above data about it at 1, construct repeatedly curve with it jointly, calculate this repeatedly maximum of curve, as the extreme value of vibration pulse wave trend envelope curve, pairing cuff pressure is mean pressure.
5. recover the algorithm of vibration pulse wave trend envelope according to the nonlinear fitting in the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 4 detection method, it is characterized in that:
Among the described step b, be that the data configuration quadratic fit curve that 3 neighbouring sample points are adopted in segmentation is moved in pointwise, end in the cuff pressure value of 2 of per the 1st cuff pressure values to the, produce the pressure pulse wave amplitude interpolation at the predetermined cuff pressure value X0-m Δ place in the described scope.
6. recover the algorithm of vibration pulse wave trend envelope according to the nonlinear fitting in the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 4 detection method, it is characterized in that:
Among the described step c, to the pulse wave amplitude of each memory point, be to get each 2 pulse amplitude Value Data about it, arithmetic mean is done level and smooth therewith.
7. recover the algorithm of vibration pulse wave trend envelope according to the nonlinear fitting in the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 4 detection method, it is characterized in that:
In the described steps d, be that the position with the maximum pulse wave amplitude is a benchmark, choose pressure and increase progressively adjacent 1 point data of direction that adjacent 2 point data of pressure decline direction are constructed conic section jointly with method of least square with it, and ask its extreme value.
8. recover the algorithm of vibration pulse wave trend envelope according to the nonlinear fitting in the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 4 detection method, it is characterized in that: in the described steps d, be that position with the maximum pulse wave amplitude is a benchmark, choose adjacent each 1 point data in the left and right sides, construct conic section with it jointly, and ask its extreme value.
9. noinvasive electronic blood pressure checkout gear, comprise cuff (10), inflator pump (50), first pressure transducer (30), second pressure transducer (40), fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60), slow pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (70), master microprocessor (100), display screen (110) and communication interface (120), it is characterized in that: also comprise three-way magnetic valve (20), described three-way magnetic valve (20) is connected between cuff (10) and first pressure transducer (30).
10. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: described fast pressure-releasing electromagnetic valve (60) connects fast valve-driving circuit (61), the input termination master microprocessor (100) of described fast valve-driving circuit (61) and the overtime control circuit of overvoltage (46), the output of an input termination independence timing circuit (45) of the overtime control circuit of described overvoltage (46).
11. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 10 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: described independent timing circuit (45) comprises the second microprocessor U2, U2 realizes regularly, triggers function by software mode, two I/O pins of the described second microprocessor U2 are connected with two I/O pins of master microprocessor (100), delayed startup, time-delay command for stopping and the adult/neonate of accepting master microprocessor (100) are provided with instruction, and the second microprocessor U2 also has a pin output timeout signal OT to the overtime control circuit of overvoltage (46).
12. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: the public blow vent of described three-way magnetic valve (20) connects first pressure transducer (30), the normal open QI KOU connects cuff (10), and normally closed QI KOU is communicated with atmosphere.
13. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: described communication interface (120) is the RS232 interface.
14. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: described communication interface (120) is a USB interface.
15. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: the output of described first pressure transducer (30) connects instrument amplifier circuit (31), the output one tunnel of this instrument amplifier circuit (31) inputs to A/D change-over circuit (35) as pressure signal, and another Lu Jingqian amplifier (32), back amplifier (33) amplification also input to A/D change-over circuit (35) as pulse signal.
16. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 15 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: amplifier (32) has input resistance R5 before described, other has a resistance R 6 in parallel or not related with resistance R 5 by gain control and reference voltage circuit (44), and in parallel or not related is to be controlled and A, B, the C pin of reference voltage circuit (44) are determined by SETP, the gain of AN_MODE signal controlling of master microprocessor (100).
17. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 15 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: described back amplifier (33) has input resistance R8, other has a resistance R 9 in parallel or not in parallel with resistance R 8 by gain control and reference voltage circuit (44), and in parallel or not in parallel is that SETP, AN_MODE signal controlling by master microprocessor (100) gains and control and A, B, the C pin of reference voltage circuit (44) are determined.
18. according to claim 16,17 described noinvasive electronic blood pressure checkout gears, it is characterized in that: it is that the master constitutes that described gain control and reference voltage circuit (44) select 1 bidirectional analog switch numbers circuit 4053 by 32, its control pin A, B, C insert master microprocessor (100), its output pin X connects the reverse input end of out amplifier (43) by resistance R 28, its input inserts pin X1 and meets reference voltage V1.25, and pin X0 meets reference voltage V2.0.
19. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: the output of described second pressure transducer (40) connects the combination instrument amplifying circuit that is made of last amplifier (41), following amplifier (42), out amplifier (43), the output of this circuit drives output overvoltage signal OP through field-effect transistor Q7, and overvoltage signal OP takes over and presses overtime control circuit (46).
20. according to the described noinvasive electronic blood pressure of claim 9 checkout gear, it is characterized in that: the overtime control circuit of described overvoltage (46) comprises reverser U4-1, U4-2 and nor gate digital circuit U3-1, U3-2, be linked into the input of the overtime control circuit of overvoltage (46) by the timeout signal OT of independent timing circuit (45) output with by the overvoltage signal OP of out amplifier (43) output, the output of this circuit (46) connects fast valve-driving circuit (61) and slow valve-driving circuit (71).
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