CN111616692A - Extrusion type execution system of noninvasive blood pressure simulator and control method thereof - Google Patents
Extrusion type execution system of noninvasive blood pressure simulator and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/02225—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers using the oscillometric method
Abstract
An extrusion type execution system of a noninvasive blood pressure simulator and a control method thereof are disclosed, wherein the extrusion type execution system comprises an execution device and a control device, the execution device comprises an extrusion type execution mechanism and an execution circuit, the extrusion type execution mechanism comprises an actuator and a closed air path, the actuator comprises a stepping motor and a linear guide rail sliding table which are assembled in a set, the closed air path is composed of an electronic blood pressure instrument to be tested, an elastic hose and an inflation bag which are sequentially connected, and the elastic hose is arranged on the linear guide rail sliding table of the actuator; the execution circuit comprises a stepping motor circuit; the control device comprises a master control CPU, a master control circuit, a pressure sensor, a closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition and conversion adjusting circuit, a positioning switch and a positioning switch detection circuit. The invention can be used for simulating the hypotension state of a newborn and an early childbirth, can also be used for simulating the hypertension state of an adult, and is also suitable for detecting the blood pressure by various electronic blood pressure instruments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a noninvasive blood pressure simulator, in particular to an extrusion execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, there are many known electronic instruments for measuring the blood pressure of a human body, among which there are non-invasive blood pressure in a multi-parameter monitor, an electronic sphygmomanometer and a dynamic blood pressure, which measure the non-invasive blood pressure by an oscillometric method. Most of the electronic blood pressure instruments are designed by adopting the oscillometric principle. The oscillometric method is also called as oscillation method, and its principle is to obtain the pulse oscillation wave produced by the cuff in the process of deflation or inflation and convert the wave by a certain algorithm to obtain the blood pressure value.
The accuracy of the measurement result of the electronic blood pressure instrument is the most important index, and the detection of the quality performance of the electronic blood pressure instrument before delivery is essential. A known sphygmomanometer test apparatus simulating a human body to emit a blood pressure signal includes, provided in a sphygmomanometer test apparatus body: the air bag device is used for generating an analog air flow with adjustable amplitude and frequency, and detecting and inputting the pulse flow required by the sphygmomanometer so as to simulate the generation of a human blood pressure pulse signal: a pressing assembly in contact connection with the airbag device; the stepping motor is connected with the extrusion assembly; a drive circuit connected to the stepping motor; the MCU controller is connected with the driving circuit and used for generating a control signal according to a specified blood pressure adjusting signal, controlling the driving circuit to drive the stepping motor to extrude the air bag device to generate an analog air flow with adjustable amplitude and frequency for the sphygmomanometer to detect and input the needed pulsating flow; the sphygmomanometer testing device can truly and accurately simulate the human blood pressure signal and can accurately detect the accuracy of the sphygmomanometer.
When the existing sphygmomanometer testing device simulates the pulse of a human body, the air bag device is mainly extruded, the air bag device needs to have enough pressure in advance to rebound to generate a corresponding simulated pressure value and pressure change, when the air bag device is lower than a certain static pressure, the air bag does not have the capability of restoring the original shape because of no elasticity, namely the device is only suitable for simulating the blood pressure value after the static pressure is larger than a certain value, namely the pulse within the range of the blood pressure of an adult is simulated, the systolic pressure of a normal adult is not smaller than or equal to 100mmHg, the diastolic pressure is not smaller than or equal to 60mmHg, and the minimum pressure value required to be simulated by the sphygmomanometer testing device only needs to reach 60-90 mmHg.
However, the blood pressure of the neonate is: the systolic pressure is about 30-60 mmhg, the diastolic pressure is about 10-40 mmhg, attention needs to be paid to monitoring, the blood pressure range of premature infants is lower, and close and accurate detection is needed. The corresponding accuracy requirement to electronic blood pressure equipment is higher, and the sphygmomanometer testing device in the prior art cannot simulate the hypotension state of a newborn.
When the electronic sphygmomanometer is used for measurement, high pressure is slowly and continuously released, the static pressure value is continuously reduced, and the conventional sphygmomanometer testing device is designed according to the measurement characteristics of the sphygmomanometer. However, when the monitor performs non-invasive blood pressure measurement, the difference is that when the monitor performs non-invasive blood pressure measurement, the gas release method in the gas path is not continuous slow gas release, but a step gas release method is adopted, that is, the change of static pressure has large sudden change, the sudden change range can reach 15mmHg, and at the moment, when the conventional blood pressure measuring device simulates pulse beat and the air pressure sudden change and is superposed, the conventional blood pressure measuring device cannot reach pulse airflow with a certain amplitude when extruding the air bag, so that the simulation function is lost, and the conventional blood pressure measuring device is not suitable for non-invasive blood pressure measurement of the monitor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an extrusion execution system of a non-invasive blood pressure simulator and a control method thereof, which can set a test blood pressure value to be about 5mmHg of simulated blood pressure, are suitable for simulating the hypotension state of a newborn and an early-born baby, are suitable for detection of various electronic blood pressure instruments, and have higher test precision.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the extrusion type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator comprises an execution device and a control device electrically connected with the execution device, wherein the execution device comprises an extrusion type execution mechanism and an execution circuit, the extrusion type execution mechanism is mainly formed by matching an actuator and a closed gas circuit, the actuator comprises a stepping motor and a linear guide rail sliding table which are assembled in a set, the closed gas circuit is formed by electronic blood pressure instruments to be tested, an elastic hose and an inflation bag which are sequentially connected, the elastic hose is installed on the linear guide rail sliding table of the actuator, and the stepping motor is controlled by the execution circuit to drive a sliding block to perform reciprocating extrusion on the elastic hose according to a program flow to simulate pulse beat; the execution circuit comprises a stepping motor circuit; the control device comprises a master control CPU, a master control circuit, a pressure sensor, a closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition and conversion adjusting circuit, a positioning switch and a positioning switch detection circuit; the main control CPU is connected with the stepping circuit through a control signal so as to control the operation of the stepping motor; the main control CPU is also connected with a main control circuit; the pressure sensor is communicated to the closed gas circuit through a hose and is arranged in the closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition, conversion and adjustment circuit; the positioning switch is connected with the positioning switch detection circuit and is also arranged at the starting position of the stroke of the elastic hose extruded by the sliding block of the actuator; the static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition conversion adjusting circuit of the closed gas circuit acquires static pressure and dynamic pressure in the closed gas circuit.
A human body pulse simulation control method of an extrusion execution system based on a noninvasive blood pressure simulator comprises the following specific steps:
1) the main control CPU is powered on and reset;
2) initializing a pin, a serial port and an AD timer;
3) carrying out self-inspection on the pressure sensor;
4) reading a positioning switch and initializing the position of an actuator slide block;
5) setting a corresponding pulse wave curve of the static pressure and the dynamic pressure value according to a command parameter of a blood pressure value, a pulse value and a pulse intensity value which are sent by a default or upper computer and an oscillography algorithm; according to the pulse value, calculating and setting an initial value of an AD timer, namely the extrusion period of the actuator slide block; setting a simulation state to work in a monitor mode or a sphygmomanometer mode according to the command value corresponding to the parameter;
6) cyclically waiting, periodically detecting a static pressure value and an amplified dynamic pressure value in the closed gas path, reading a corresponding dynamic pressure value A in the pulse wave curve according to the static pressure value corresponding to the pulse wave curve, when A is greater than 0, controlling the stepping motor to further control the sliding block to extrude the elastic hose of the closed gas path, and after the changed dynamic pressure value A is generated in the closed gas path, returning the sliding block to an initial position to simulate pulse jumping for one time; the actuator enters a waiting state; periodically repeating the squeezing process according to the timing period of the AD timer, and simulating periodic pulse beating;
7) repeating the step 6) when the static pressure is unchanged and is more than 1 mmHg; after the static pressure is less than 1mmHg, returning to the step 4), and waiting for receiving parameter settings of a blood pressure value command, a pulse value command and a pulse intensity value command sent by the upper computer again;
8) if the static pressure values in the closed gas path are different, the dynamic pressure value B in the corresponding pulse curve is also different, and the value of B changes along with the change of the static pressure value; increasing or decreasing the static pressure in the closed gas path, periodically detecting the static pressure value and the dynamic pressure value in the closed gas path by the system, reading a dynamic pressure value B corresponding to the static pressure value in a pulse wave curve, controlling a slide block to extrude an elastic hose of the closed gas path by controlling a stepping motor when the value B is greater than 0, returning the slide block to an initial position after the changed dynamic pressure value B is generated in the closed gas path to simulate pulse bounce once, enabling an actuator to enter a waiting state, and periodically repeating the extrusion process according to the timing period of an AD timer for simulating the periodic pulse bounce;
9) and (4) repeating the flow of the step 7) or the step 8) according to the change condition of the static pressure until the static pressure is less than 1mmHg, and waiting for the next pulse waveform simulation, namely returning to the step 5).
Compared with the prior art, the extrusion execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator and the control method thereof have the advantages that the extrusion execution system specifically combines devices, circuits and program flows to simulate human pulse pulsation, the core device comprises an elastic hose, the core circuit comprises a closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition and conversion adjusting circuit and a stepping motor circuit, and the core control program flow comprises the steps 6) and 7); the specific process is as follows: the master control circuit is controlled by the master control CPU to acquire an air pressure value in the closed gas circuit and acquire a pulse alternating current signal; firstly, after receiving a control command of an upper computer, setting a generated pulse value, systolic pressure diastolic pressure and average pressure, setting a pulse waveform according to the set blood pressure value and an oscillography algorithm by a main control CPU, updating a pulse waveform vibration amplitude curve, and corresponding different pulse waveform amplitudes in the pulse waveform vibration amplitude curve at different static pressure values according to the curve corresponding relation. When different blood pressure values are set, the pulse wave vibration amplitude and the static pressure have different corresponding relations, the higher the set blood pressure value is, the higher the pressure value when the pulse wave vibration amplitude corresponds to the static pressure is, and otherwise, the lower the pressure value is. When different blood pressure values are set, the pulse wave vibration amplitude and the static pressure have different corresponding relations, the set average blood pressure value is the highest, the pressure value when the pulse wave vibration amplitude corresponds to the static pressure is the highest, and after the static pressure is greater than the average pressure and less than the average pressure, the pulse wave vibration amplitude is reduced. When the work of simulating the pulse wave is carried out, air pressure increase is carried out on the closed gas path by the outside (such as an electronic blood pressure device to be tested), after the main control CPU detects that the pressure value in the closed gas path is greater than a certain numerical value (the minimum static pressure corresponding to the vibration pulse waveform needs to be generated), the main control CPU controls the execution circuit of the actuator through the control signal to drive the stepping motor to carry out reciprocating motion of the slider, the elastic hose is extruded, thereby preset air pressure change is generated on the whole closed gas path, and further the pressure change generated on the gas path by pulse jumping is simulated. Because the elastic hose has elasticity, the elastic hose can automatically restore to the original shape under the state that the stepping motor does not extrude, so that the blood pressure value can be set to a low point, the blood pressure value can be set to be as low as 5mmHg or even lower, and the aim of simulating the hypotension state of a newborn is fulfilled. The invention has two working modes of a monitor (step deflation) and a sphygmomanometer (continuous pressurization and deflation), thereby being suitable for various types of electronic blood pressure equipment.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1a and 1b are schematic structural diagrams of an actuator and a sealed air passage of an extrusion type actuating mechanism in one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 1c is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing layer.
Fig. 2a is a circuit diagram of a master CPU in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2b is a circuit diagram for acquiring, converting and adjusting static pressure and dynamic pressure of the sealed gas circuit in an embodiment of the invention, which mainly relates to a process of converting the pressure sensor into the static pressure and the dynamic pressure.
FIG. 2c is a circuit diagram of a positioning switch detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2d is a circuit diagram of a CPU program download interface in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2e is a circuit diagram of a CPU reset circuit in one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2f is a diagram of a power input circuit in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3a is a circuit diagram of a stepper motor control CPU in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3b is a circuit diagram of a communication interface with a master CPU in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3c is a diagram of a stepper motor control power switching circuit in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3d is a circuit diagram of the CPU periphery of the stepper motor in one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3e is a circuit diagram of a stepper motor interface in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart, i.e., a program flowchart, of a human body pulse simulation control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5a is a graph showing the pulse waveform and cuff pressure drop of 120/80mmHg blood pressure.
FIG. 5b is a diagram of the pressure drop line and pulse waveform of the cuff when the pressure in the arm is increased to 180mmHg and then the pressure pulse is slowly released.
FIG. 5c is an enlarged view of the pulse waveform due to the pulse beat when the cuff is at different static pressures.
Fig. 5d is an envelope plot formed with the peaks of fig. 5 c.
Fig. 6a is a waveform of the static pressure during the continuous pressurization and then the deflation of the electronic blood pressure instrument.
FIG. 6b is a waveform of the static pressure during continuous pressurization and then constant deflation of the electronic blood pressure device.
Fig. 6c is a waveform of static pressure during the continuous slow pressurization process of the electronic blood pressure device.
In the figure, the device comprises a stepping motor 1, a linear guide rail sliding table 2-1, a sliding block 3, an elastic hose 3-1, an air inlet section hose 3-2, an extrusion section hose 3-3, an air outlet section hose 3-4, a sealing layer 4, an air bag 5 and an electronic blood pressure instrument to be measured.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1a-1b, fig. 2a-2f and fig. 3a-3e, an extrusion type execution system of a noninvasive blood pressure simulator comprises an execution device and a control device electrically connected with the execution device, wherein the execution device comprises an extrusion type execution mechanism and an execution circuit, the extrusion type execution mechanism mainly comprises an actuator and a closed gas circuit in a matching manner, the actuator comprises a stepping motor 1 and a linear guide rail sliding table 2 (see fig. 1a) which are assembled in a set, the closed gas circuit comprises an electronic blood pressure instrument 5 to be tested, an elastic hose 3 and an inflation bag 4 (see fig. 1b) which are sequentially connected, the elastic hose 3 is installed on the linear guide rail sliding table 2 of the actuator, and the execution circuit controls the stepping motor 1 to drive a sliding block 2-1 to perform reciprocating extrusion on the elastic hose 3 according to a program flow to simulate pulse beat.
Wherein, the executive circuit comprises a stepping motor circuit; the control device comprises a master control CPU, a master control circuit, a pressure sensor, a closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition and conversion adjusting circuit, a positioning switch and a positioning switch detection circuit; the main control CPU is connected with the stepping circuit through a control signal so as to control the operation of the stepping motor 1; the main control CPU is also connected with a main control circuit, and the main control circuit comprises what components and parts and has main functions; the pressure sensor is communicated to the closed gas circuit through a hose and is arranged in the closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition, conversion and adjustment circuit; the positioning switch is connected with the positioning switch detection circuit and is also arranged at the starting position of the stroke of the elastic hose 3 extruded by the sliding block 2-1 of the actuator; the static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition conversion adjusting circuit of the closed gas circuit acquires static pressure and dynamic pressure in the closed gas circuit. In the static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition, conversion and adjustment circuit of the closed gas circuit, a pressure sensor obtains a static pressure value in the closed gas circuit by using a differential amplification circuit (namely, a resistor is added to four amplifiers), and then obtains a dynamic pressure value entering a main control CPU by two-stage amplification after passing through isolation and crossing (namely, superposed pulse waves are taken out by a coupling capacitor). The dynamic pressure value is used as an analog circuit of the weak pulse signal through a 4051 and a selection amplifier gain multiple to obtain a larger dynamic pressure value for selecting the detection of the weak pulse signal in the newborn mode.
Referring to fig. 2a-2f, in this embodiment, the main control circuit includes a CPU program downloading interface circuit, a CPU reset circuit, and a power input circuit. Referring to fig. 3a-3e, the stepping motor circuit mainly comprises a stepping motor interface circuit, a stepping motor CPU peripheral circuit, a stepping motor control power supply conversion circuit, a stepping motor control CPU circuit, and a communication interface circuit with a main control CPU.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the elastic hose 3 can be formed by connecting an air inlet section hose 3-1, an extrusion section hose 3-2 and an air outlet section hose 3-3 in a three-section manner, the stepping motor 1 intensively extrudes the elastic extrusion section hose 3-2 of the closed air path in a reciprocating manner, as a means for further optimizing the effect of simulating pulse beating, the pipe diameter of the extrusion section hose 3-2 is larger than that of the air inlet section hose 3-1 and the air outlet section hose 3-3, the joint of the air inlet section hose 3-1 and the extrusion section hose 3-2 and the joint circle of the air outlet section hose 3-3 and the extrusion section hose 3-2 are wrapped with a sealing layer 3-4, and the sealing layer 3-4 sequentially consists of an AB glue layer, a resin net glue layer and an emulsion layer from inside to outside, the AB glue layer can tightly connect the air inlet section hose 3-1, the extrusion section hose 3-2 and the air outlet section hose 3-3 together without air leakage, the resin net glue layer can form soft meshes around the air inlet section hose 3-1, the extrusion section hose 3-2 and the air outlet section hose 3-3 to increase the elasticity of the joint, when air flows from the air section hose 3-1, the extrusion section hose 3-2 and the air outlet section hose 3-3, the resin net glue layer has the buffer function to ensure that the joint of the air section hose 3-1, the extrusion section hose 3-2 and the air outlet section hose 3-3 is not flushed away due to sudden large air, an anti-oxidation layer can be formed on the surface of the latex layer, so that the service life of the sealing layer 3-4 can be prolonged, and the phenomenon of chapping can not occur, the preferable scheme in the aspect of material is that the elastic hose 3 and the hose are both PVC soft rubber pipes or rubber leather pipes, and the air bag 4 is made of rubber. As a further improved design, the inflatable bag 4 is installed through the sleeve, and the inflatable bag 4 is folded and placed in the sleeve, so that the integrated installation is facilitated.
The basis of the oscillography algorithm applied in the embodiment of the invention is as follows: the oscillometric method of measuring blood pressure is to pressurize the cuff to block the blood flow of brachial artery and then slowly depressurize, during which the pulsation of the pulse generated by the blood vessels in the arm will produce small pulses of pressure change through the cuff having air pressure. The oscillography is to identify the small pulses from arm to cuff, differentiate them and perform multiple treatments to form an envelope representing the peak value of the pulses, so as to obtain the blood pressure value. The following takes 120/80mmHg as an example to specifically describe the process of measuring the blood pressure of a human body by the oscillometric method:
1. the pulse waveform and cuff pressure decrease curve (horizontal axis: s, vertical axis: mmHg) of the blood pressure with a blood pressure value of 120/80mmHg is shown in FIG. 5 a;
2. the pressure in the cuff is increased to 180mmHg, the brachial artery blood flow is blocked, then the air is slowly exhausted, the pressure pulse in the arm is transmitted to the cuff pressure decline line (horizontal axis: s, vertical axis: mmHg), see fig. 5 b;
3. the small pulses in the cuff pressure curve are picked up and correspond to the pressure in the cuff (horizontal axis: mmHg, vertical axis: mmHg), where the horizontal axis: a static pressure value within the cuff; ordinate: when different static pressures exist in the cuff, the amplitude of the pulse waveform generated by pulse pulsation is firstly smaller and then larger along with the reduction of the static pressure, and finally becomes smaller, which is shown in fig. 5 c;
4. the envelope is formed with the peaks of the small pulses (horizontal axis: mmHg, vertical axis: mmHg), see FIG. 5 d;
5. and obtaining the blood pressure value by adopting a proper discrimination technology and a proper correction method according to the characteristics of the envelope curve.
The working principle of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator related by the invention is that in the detection principle of an oscillometric method, the extrusion execution system is used for simulating the pulse beat of a human body, the waveform of the pulse beat is simulated and generated in the cuff, and in the process that the pressure in the closed gas path (corresponding to the cuff) is reduced from high to low in the step 2, the pulse waveform with the amplitude change is simulated and generated through the actuator, so that the noninvasive blood pressure simulator is used for detecting the accuracy of the measured value of the electronic blood pressure instrument.
As shown in fig. 4, a human body pulse simulation control method based on an extrusion execution system of a non-invasive blood pressure simulator is completed under the condition of combining hardware and software, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) the main control CPU is powered on and reset;
2) initializing a pin, a serial port and an AD timer;
3) carrying out self-inspection on the pressure sensor;
4) reading a positioning switch, and initializing the position of a sliding block 2-1 of an actuator;
5) setting a corresponding pulse wave curve of the static pressure and the dynamic pressure value according to a command parameter of a blood pressure value, a pulse value and a pulse intensity value which are sent by a default or upper computer and an oscillography algorithm; according to the pulse value, calculating and setting an initial value of an AD timer, namely the extrusion period of a sliding block 2-1 of the actuator; setting a simulation state to work in a monitor mode or a sphygmomanometer mode according to the command value corresponding to the parameter;
6) cyclically waiting, periodically detecting a static pressure value and an amplified dynamic pressure value in the closed gas path, reading a corresponding dynamic pressure value A in the pulse wave curve according to the static pressure value corresponding to the pulse wave curve, when A is larger than 0, controlling the stepping motor 1 to further control the sliding block 2-1 to extrude the elastic hose 3 of the closed gas path, and after a changed dynamic pressure value A is generated in the closed gas path, returning the sliding block 2-1 to an initial position to simulate pulse jumping for one time; the actuator enters a waiting state; periodically repeating the squeezing process according to the timing period of the AD timer, and simulating periodic pulse beating;
7) repeating the step 6) when the static pressure is unchanged and is more than 1 mmHg; after the static pressure is less than 1mmHg, returning to the step 4), and waiting for receiving parameter settings of a blood pressure value command, a pulse value command and a pulse intensity value command sent by the upper computer again;
8) if the static pressure values in the closed gas path are different, the dynamic pressure value B in the corresponding pulse curve is also different, and the value of B changes along with the change of the static pressure value; increasing or decreasing the static pressure in the closed gas path, periodically detecting the static pressure value and the dynamic pressure value in the closed gas path by a system, reading a dynamic pressure value B corresponding to the static pressure value in a pulse wave curve, controlling a slide block 2-1 to extrude an elastic hose 3 of the closed gas path by controlling a stepping motor 1 when the value B is greater than 0, returning the slide block 2-1 to an initial position to simulate pulse bounce once after generating a changed dynamic pressure value B in the closed gas path, enabling an actuator to enter a waiting state, and periodically repeating the extrusion process according to the timing period of an AD timer to simulate periodic pulse bounce;
9) and (4) repeating the flow of the step 7) or the step 8) according to the change condition of the static pressure until the static pressure is less than 1mmHg, and waiting for the next pulse waveform simulation, namely returning to the step 5).
There are various medical devices on the market for measuring non-invasive blood pressure by oscillometric method, and the working modes are various, and although the oscillometric method is used for collecting and calculating numerical values, the specific implementation is very different, and there are several methods, such as 120/80(93)
1. The instrument is continuously pressurized to 175mmHg, then step deflation is carried out, during the step deflation process, pulse waveforms are collected, and blood pressure values are analyzed and calculated, and the method is adopted by a general medical instrument monitor and a part of dynamic blood pressure instruments, as shown in figure 6 a.
The blood pressure type instrument collects the pulse jumping waveform at each pressure value except the depressurization time, and according to the working formula, the simulator is set to be in a monitor mode and is specially used for the step deflation collection method. Because the monitor carries out the ladder when gassing, if the simulator is being in extrusion simulation pulse state of beating, then the simulator will not detect the pulse waveform that the extrusion produced to lead to the simulation pulse to fail, consequently the simulator work is when the monitor state, at first detects the process of ladder gassing, just begins to carry out the pulse simulation after gassing.
2. The instrument is continuously pressurized to 175mmHg, then uniform deflation is carried out through a precision deflation valve, in the deflation process, pulse waveforms are collected and collected, and the blood pressure value is analyzed and calculated, wherein the method is adopted by a blood pressure meter of a general medical instrument and a part of dynamic blood pressure instruments, as shown in fig. 6 b. In the working method of the instrument, the simulator is set to be in a sphygmomanometer mode, and when the pressure in the cuff is larger than a certain value, the simulator enters a pulse wave continuous simulation state, and because the static pressure in the cuff is continuously reduced, the simulator can generate continuous pulse wave simulation according to the change of the cuff pressure when working in the sphygmomanometer mode.
3. The instrument continuously and slowly pressurizes 130mmHg, and in the pressurizing process, pulse waveforms are collected, analyzed and calculated to obtain blood pressure values, and the method is adopted by a wrist sphygmomanometer which is a common medical instrument and a partial dynamic blood pressure instrument, as shown in fig. 6 c. The simulator selects the sphygmomanometer mode in the instrument, and after pressure exists in the cuff, the continuous pulse waveform simulator is carried out until the medical instrument is deflated.
In summary, in the noninvasive blood pressure simulation process, the simulator has two working modes of a monitor (step deflation) and a sphygmomanometer (continuous pressurization and deflation) according to the working modes of different medical instruments, and is used for matching with the working of medical equipment. The continuous pressurization and continuous deflation medical instrument does not have the function of detecting the value of hypotension, and can only detect the condition of high blood pressure (namely a sphygmomanometer testing device in the background technology); in the non-invasive blood pressure measurement in the multi-parameter monitor, the blood pressure of neonates, children and adults can be detected, and the numerical coverage range of the blood pressure measuring instrument is 10mmHg-200mmHg at low pressure and 30mmHg-260mmHg at high pressure.
Therefore, when the program flow is set to be in the monitor mode, the extrusion type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator disclosed by the invention pertinently adopts the processes of the steps 6) and 7), can simulate the low blood pressure state of a newborn and the like according to the requirements of the monitor, can simulate the pulse waveform within the static pressure range of 5mmHg-270mmHg, provides a detection basis for the monitor to measure the noninvasive blood pressure, can be switched between the sphygmomanometer modes, and can be used as a detection tool of various electronic blood pressure instruments.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An extrusion type execution system of a noninvasive blood pressure simulator comprises an execution device and a control device electrically connected with the execution device, and is characterized in that:
the execution device comprises an extrusion execution mechanism and an execution circuit, the extrusion execution mechanism is mainly formed by matching an actuator and a closed gas circuit, the actuator comprises a stepping motor (1) and a linear guide rail sliding table (2) which are assembled in a set, the closed gas circuit is formed by an electronic blood pressure instrument (5) to be detected, an elastic hose (3) and an inflatable bag (4) which are sequentially connected, the elastic hose (3) is installed on the linear guide rail sliding table (2) of the actuator, and the execution circuit controls the stepping motor (1) to drive a sliding block (2-1) to carry out reciprocating extrusion on the elastic hose (3) according to a program flow to simulate pulse beat; the execution circuit comprises a stepping motor circuit;
the control device comprises a master control CPU, a master control circuit, a pressure sensor, a closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition and conversion adjusting circuit, a positioning switch and a positioning switch detection circuit; the master control CPU is connected with the stepping circuit through a control signal so as to control the operation of the stepping motor (1); the main control CPU is also connected with a main control circuit; the pressure sensor is communicated to the closed gas circuit through a hose and is arranged in the closed gas circuit static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition, conversion and adjustment circuit; the positioning switch is connected with the positioning switch detection circuit and is also arranged at the starting position of the stroke of the elastic hose (3) extruded by the sliding block (2-1) of the actuator; the static pressure and dynamic pressure acquisition conversion adjusting circuit of the closed gas circuit acquires static pressure and dynamic pressure in the closed gas circuit.
2. The extrusion-type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the main control circuit comprises a CPU program downloading interface circuit, a CPU reset circuit and a power supply input circuit.
3. The extrusion-type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the stepping motor circuit mainly comprises a stepping motor interface circuit, a stepping motor CPU peripheral circuit, a stepping motor control power supply conversion circuit, a stepping motor control CPU circuit and a main control CPU communication interface circuit.
4. The squeezing type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the elastic hose (3) is formed by connecting an air inlet section hose (3-1), an extrusion section hose (3-2) and an air outlet section hose (3-3); the pipe diameter of the extrusion section hose (3-2) is larger than the pipe diameters of the air inlet section hose (3-1) and the air outlet section hose (3-3), the joint of the air inlet section hose (3-1) and the extrusion section hose (3-2) and the connection circle of the air outlet section hose (3-3) and the extrusion section hose (3-2) are wrapped with a sealing layer (3-4), and the sealing layer (3-4) is sequentially composed of an AB glue layer, a resin net glue layer and a latex layer from inside to outside.
5. The squeezing type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the elastic hose (3) and the hose are both PVC soft rubber tubes or rubber leather tubes, and the inflatable bag (4) is made of rubber.
6. The squeezing type execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator of claim 5, which is characterized in that: the inflatable bag (4) is installed through the sleeve, and the inflatable bag (4) is arranged in the sleeve after being folded.
7. A human body pulse simulation control method based on an extrusion execution system of the noninvasive blood pressure simulator of any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) the main control CPU is powered on and reset;
2) initializing a pin, a serial port and an AD timer;
3) carrying out self-inspection on the pressure sensor;
4) reading a positioning switch, and initializing the position of a sliding block (2-1) of an actuator;
5) setting a corresponding pulse wave curve of the static pressure and the dynamic pressure value according to a command parameter of a blood pressure value, a pulse value and a pulse intensity value which are sent by a default or upper computer and an oscillography algorithm; according to the pulse value, calculating and setting an initial value of an AD timer, namely the extrusion period of the sliding block (2-1); setting a simulation state to work in a monitor mode or a sphygmomanometer mode according to the command value corresponding to the parameter;
6) cyclically waiting, periodically detecting static pressure values and amplified dynamic pressure values in the closed gas path, reading a corresponding dynamic pressure value A in the pulse wave curve according to the static pressure value corresponding to the pulse wave curve, when A is larger than 0, controlling the stepping motor (1) to further control the sliding block (2-1) to extrude the elastic hose (3) of the closed gas path, and after the changed dynamic pressure value A is generated in the closed gas path, returning the sliding block (2-1) to an initial position to simulate pulse jumping for one time; the actuator enters a waiting state; periodically repeating the squeezing process according to the timing period of the AD timer, and simulating periodic pulse beating;
7) repeating the step 6) when the static pressure is unchanged and is more than 1 mmHg; after the static pressure is less than 1mmHg, returning to the step 4), and waiting for receiving parameter settings of a blood pressure value command, a pulse value command and a pulse intensity value command sent by the upper computer again;
8) if the static pressure values in the closed gas path are different, the dynamic pressure value B in the corresponding pulse curve is also different, and the value of B changes along with the change of the static pressure value; increasing or decreasing the static pressure in the closed gas path, periodically detecting the static pressure value and the dynamic pressure value in the closed gas path by a system, reading a dynamic pressure value B corresponding to the static pressure value in a pulse wave curve, controlling a slide block (2-1) to extrude an elastic hose (3) of the closed gas path by controlling a stepping motor (1) when the value B is greater than 0, returning the slide block (2-1) to an initial position to simulate pulse bounce once after generating a changed dynamic pressure value B in the closed gas path, enabling an actuator to enter a waiting state, and periodically repeating the extrusion process according to the timing period of an AD timer for simulating periodic pulse bounce;
9) and (4) repeating the flow of the step 7) or the step 8) according to the change condition of the static pressure until the static pressure is less than 1mmHg, and waiting for the next pulse waveform simulation, namely returning to the step 5).
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| CN113907730A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-11 | 广州市番禺区中心医院(广州市番禺区人民医院、广州市番禺区心血管疾病研究所) | Invasive blood pressure monitor detection equipment and system |
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