CN110522431A - A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer - Google Patents
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer Download PDFInfo
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- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/02—Operational features
- A61B2560/0223—Operational features of calibration, e.g. protocols for calibrating sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2560/00—Constructional details of operational features of apparatus; Accessories for medical measuring apparatus
- A61B2560/02—Operational features
- A61B2560/0266—Operational features for monitoring or limiting apparatus function
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Abstract
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer, it is characterised in that: including ambulatory blood pressure analog controller and emulation upper arm;The ambulatory blood pressure analog controller is used to generate the recurrent pulses pressure similar with human body (sinusoidal wave pressure);The emulation upper arm with emulation blood vessel, simulation skeleton similar in anthropological measuring mechanics, emulation muscle, simulation skin by forming;The emulation upper arm emulates blood vessel by it and connects with ambulatory blood pressure analog controller, simulates the true working condition of human blood-pressure, and the cuff of electronic sphygmomanometer to be detected is tied up to be measured in emulation upper arm.It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulators for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer to simulate different human body blood pressure dynamic pressure by adjusting pulsewidth, the peak value size of the output pulse of simulator dynamic pressure, has many advantages, such as tractability detection, portable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is to be related to Medical Devices detection technique field, specifically a kind of dynamic blood for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer
Press simulator.
Background technique
Blood pressure measurement is divided into invasive blood pressure measurement and non-invasive blood pressure measurement.Invasive blood pressure measurement is suitable for all kinds of critical illnesses
Big blood loss in the possible art such as open heart operations, big vascular surgery, organ transplantation under people, circulatory insufficiency, extracorporal circulatory system
Operation;Severe hypotension, shock, other blood flow flowing instability diseases or non-invasive blood pressure are difficult to human observer.Carry out invasive blood
Pressure measurement need to be inserted into conduit or monitoring probe through body surface and directly measure to the chambers of the heart or Endovascular.With clinical common non-invasive blood pressure
Monitoring is compared, and invasive blood pressure can provide continuous, reliable and accurate monitoring data, but need when invasive blood pressure measurement practical operation
Instrument and the operation medical worker of profession are wanted, measurement process is complicated, be not suitable for daily blood pressure measurement, therefore the monitoring of daily blood pressure
It is non-invasive blood pressure measurement, opens the blood flow that the moment occurs using arteries and veins overpressure and blood blocking and change system, surveyed from body surface
Corresponding pressure value out, i.e., blood blocks the pulse situation of change for opening moment occlusive gas sleeve distal side in detection vascular, in body
The outer method that blood pressure is measured using various conversion methods and signal processing technology.
Sphygmomanometer is the instrument of no-invasive measurement of blood pressure, and sphygmomanometer mainly has stethoscopy sphygmomanometer and oscillographic method sphygmomanometer.
Stethoscopy (being called artificial Korotkoff's Sound method) sphygmomanometer mainly has: mercurial sphygmomanometer (pressure gauge), spring gauge type blood pressure
Meter, press polish column sphygmomanometer, light show sphygmomanometer, liquid crystal sphygmomanometer etc..For this method by cuff aerating, blood vessel of extruding keeps blood flow complete
It is complete stifled disconnected, it at this moment can't hear the fluctuation sound of blood vessel with stethoscope, then slowly deflate until hearing pulse sound, blood pressure is height at this time
Pressure, i.e. systolic pressure.Continue to deflate, powerful pulse sound can be heard by stethoscope, waits a moment and lightens slowly, until hearing very flat
Surely compared with normal pulse sound, think that blood vessel is not squeezed completely at this time, blood pressure is low pressure, i.e. diastolic pressure.
Oscillographic method is called succusion, its principle is to obtain the oscillation wave generated in deflation course, passes through certain calculation
Method conversion obtains pressure value, measures indirectly, most of electronic sphygmomanometer is designed using oscillography principle.Show
Wave method is a kind of more advanced electronic measuring method to grow up the nineties, and the principle is as follows: cuff being bundled in hand first
On arm, automatically to cuff inflation, start to deflate to certain pressure;When air pressure drop to a certain extent, blood flow can by blood vessel, and
There is certain oscillation wave;Oscillation wave travels to the pressure sensor in machine by tracheae;Pressure sensor energy real-time detection arrives
Pressure and fluctuation in surveyed cuff;It gradually deflates, oscillation wave is increasing;Continue to deflate, at this time due to cuff and arm
Contact fluffs, therefore pressure sensor pressure detected and fluctuation are smaller and smaller.Oscillographic method is not vulnerable to measured's pulse signal
Strong and weak influence, reproducible, accuracy is higher, but interferes vulnerable to extraneous vibration, and when low pressure measurement is gentle vulnerable to deflation speed
The rigidity of pipe influences.
The appearance of electronic sphygmomanometer and universal, enters family by hospital for sphygmomanometer and creates advantage.Due to the person
After the reason of body causes blood pressure in the exception of different time, for example sleep is got up, after meal, postexercise blood pressure is different.At this moment
Just more seem the important of Home blood pressure meter, and people can often measure the blood pressure of oneself, measure in different times, can also be with every
Its fixed several period goes to measure, and finds the rule of oneself blood pressure, these data to doctor, preferably controls and treat high blood
Pressure.
The accuracy of blood pressure variable ensures sphygmomanometer use reliability, it is ensured that resident living safety, while as medical treatment
Equipment is also required to periodically be detected, it is ensured that the reliability of transmission of quantity value.
Currently, the measurement technology mechanism in China carries out different types of sphygmomanometer since the type of sphygmomanometer is different
The method and apparatus of detection is different: mercurial sphygmomanometer inputs static pressure to sphygmomanometer by static pressure source, measure (0~
300) static pressure in mmHg;Two parts: static pressure part are largely divided into for electronic sphygmomanometer blood pressure detecting part
And dynamic pressure part, wherein static pressure part is still to be measured by way of static pressure source;Dynamic pressure portion
Point, domestic corresponding standard not yet generally uses Noninvasive blood pressure simulator (or non-invasive blood pressure analyzer).
Existing Noninvasive blood pressure simulator is all to reappear method using blood pressure envelope to work in the market, can be according to flat
Press the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure that pressure value is determined with corresponding proportionality coefficient.But the non-invasive blood pressure mould of different manufacturer's productions
The proportionality coefficient of quasi- device is different, and the variation tendency of the blood pressure pulse wave of the simulated generation of every kind of Noninvasive blood pressure simulator
Also not exactly the same.Based on the above situation, if evaluating the accurate of non-invasive blood pressure measurement using this Noninvasive blood pressure simulator
Property the production of different manufacturers will occur blood pressure measuring take blood pressure inaccurate problem, and use the noninvasive blood of different manufacturers production
Press simulator that can also obtain different testing results to detect the blood pressure measurement performance of the same sphygmomanometer.Although it can be seen that
Existing Noninvasive blood pressure simulator can be used as the instrument of detection non-invasive blood pressure measurement reproducibility, but also be not belonging to completely standardize
Detection device, for no other reason than that it is available more to standardize more reasonable detection device without other at present.According to this non-invasive blood pressure
The testing principle of simulator, it can be found that having following defects that (1) concept is unintelligible.This blood pressure simulator is not with blood pressure
Based on the physical concept of value, but from the measurement process of electronic sphygmomanometer, the measurement pilot process of electronic sphygmomanometer
Electron sphygmomanometer is restored, i.e., given by it is not a physical quantity but a process, therefore it is fuzzy that it, which measures concept,
's;It (2) can not magnitude tracing.Since the course of work of this blood pressure simulator is one measurement process of reduction, the value that it is exported
The only nominal value of a statistical induction, rather than standard value.Therefore, these nominal values are can not to calculate its accuracy, this
Detection device is actually that envelope is played back to electronic sphygmomanometer, and the nominal pressure value of the envelope that it is played back cannot pass through
The method of experiment finds out or verifies its uncertainty, so this device cannot achieve magnitude tracing;It (3) can not be fully to electricity
Sub- sphygmomanometer is calibrated.This blood pressure simulator passes through pipeline when in use and is directly connected to electronic sphygmomanometer, built-in cuff
Or cuff is intended only as gas appearance, auxiliary automatic exhaust steam valve controls exhaust velocity.And when electronic sphygmomanometer measurement human blood-pressure, cuff
It is a part of sense of participation as sensor by small-pulse effect, it is improper that the transmittability of cuff, which is foreclosed, in calibration
's.
It can be seen that although these existing blood pressure simulators can be used for noninvasive automatic measuring sphygmomanometer repeatability at present
Detection, but its detection technique is there are certain defect, can not really complete entire sphygmomanometer system (including cuff) can
The standard blood wave indicating value repeatability of magnitude tracing detects.Therefore develop it is a can to electronic sphygmomanometer carry out dynamic pressure amount
The ambulatory blood pressure simulator that value is traced to the source is a problem to be solved, can real simulation human body ambulatory blood pressure, solve different measurements
The unification of the electronic sphygmomanometer detection method of method, and the detection method of electronic sphygmomanometer is revised, to electronic sphygmomanometer
Magnitude measured comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, provides a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer, leads to
Pulsewidth, the peak value size of the whole simulator dynamic pressure output pulse of toning, simulate different human body blood pressure dynamic pressure, having can trace back
The advantages that source property detects, portable.
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer, it is characterised in that: including ambulatory blood pressure analog controller
And emulation upper arm;The ambulatory blood pressure analog controller is used to generating the recurrent pulses pressure similar with human body (just
String wave pressure);The emulation upper arm as with similar in anthropological measuring mechanics emulation blood vessel, simulation skeleton, emulation muscle, emulation
Skin composition;The emulation upper arm emulates blood vessel by it and connects with ambulatory blood pressure analog controller, and simulation human blood-pressure is true
Real working condition, the cuff of electronic sphygmomanometer to be detected is tied up to be measured in emulation upper arm.
The ambulatory blood pressure analog controller, is mainly made of pressure generator and pressure controller, the pressure
Generator is that the mechanical part and the pressure controller of occurring of dynamic pressure has electrical connection;The pressure control
Device is the control section that accurate control dynamic pressure machinery occurs, and measures the size of pressure in pipeline, according to feedback segment signal
It is adjusted.
The pressure generator is by motor servo driver, encoder for servo motor, servo motor rotor, cam machine
Structure, minitype piston pressure pump composition.
The motor servo driver, encoder for servo motor, servo motor rotor, cam mechanism, minitype piston pressure
Power pump has mechanical connection;The motor servo driver and the encoder for servo motor have electrical connection, described
Encoder for servo motor can reach the control servo motor rotor by controlling the motor servo driver
Velocity of rotation and rotation direction;The servo motor rotor rotation is by driving minitype piston pressure described in cam mechanism driving
The piston motion of power pump, generates a pulse.
The pressure controller mainly has nine comprising modules: micro controller module, analog-to-digital conversion module, operation amplifier
Module, filter module, temperature sensor module, gas pressure sensor module, pressure sensor module, liquid crystal display and power supply mould
Block;Wherein, the temperature sensor module is for acquiring current environmental temperature, and by filter module, operational amplifying module,
Analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with the input terminal of micro controller module;Gas pressure sensor module is used to acquire current environment atmospheric pressure,
And it is connected by filter module, operational amplifying module, analog-to-digital conversion module with the input terminal of micro controller module;Pressure sensor
Module passes through filter module, operational amplifying module, analog-to-digital conversion module and micro controller module for acquiring pressure in pipeline
Input terminal connection;The filter module, operational amplifier module, analog-to-digital conversion module are signal processing circuit module, main
Filtering, the amplification, conversion function of acquisition data are completed, the analog signal of acquisition is finally converted to voltage signal access micro-control
The input terminal of device module processed, and the liquid crystal display by connecting with micro controller module output end carries out the display of data;Described
The pressure conversion circuit that power module is equipped with by micro controller module provides electricity to ambulatory blood pressure analog controller each section
Source.
The emulation upper arm is actually a human body simulation arm, mainly by simulation skeleton, emulation blood vessel, emulation flesh
Meat, simulation skin composition;Wherein, the emulation upper arm is equipped with and is about 300mm, and the hard plastic tube that outer diameter is about 60mm simulates people
The simulation skeleton of body humerus;The emulation muscle is flexible-filler material, is made with the silastic material imitative
Corium skin is in turn attached on the simulation skeleton;The emulation blood vessel is silicone tube, is attached to the simulation skeleton
Between the emulation muscle.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: this simulator decomposes simulation blood pressure pressure according to the true blood pressure waveform of human body
It is carried out by way of static pressure source at static pressure part and dynamic pressure part using static pressure as basic pressure
The measurement of static pressure, this method are referred in JJG 692-2010 " noninvasive automatic measuring sphygmomanometer vertification regulation ", Gu
Here specific introduction is not remake.By first carrying out the load for the static pressure that pressure of foundation measures, human body static pressure is simulated
Under blood pressure state calculate the peak value and pressure arteries and veins for reaching the output of ambulatory blood pressure values needs in conjunction with the simulation pressure value of setting
Width, the encoder for servo motor control motor servo driver for adjusting the pressure generator part of ambulatory blood pressure analog controller drive
Dynamic servo motor rotor rotation, to drive the piston stroke of minitype piston pressure pump, can simulate dynamic pulse pressure, will
This pulse loads on static pressure, i.e. analog human body true pressure.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is principle schematic diagram of the invention;
Fig. 2 is ambulatory blood pressure analog controller functional block diagram of the present invention.
In Fig. 1: 1, ambulatory blood pressure analog controller;2, upper arm is emulated;3, blood vessel is emulated;4, simulation skeleton;5, flesh is emulated
Meat;6, simulation skin;7, cuff;8, electronic sphygmomanometer.
In Fig. 2: 9, pressure generator;10, pressure controller;11, motor servo driver;12, encoder for servo motor;
13, servo motor rotor;14, cam mechanism;15, minitype piston pressure pump;16, micro controller module;17, analog-to-digital conversion mould
Block;18, operational amplifying module;19, filter module;20, temperature sensor module;21, gas pressure sensor module;22, pressure passes
Sensor module;23, liquid crystal display;24, power module.
Specific embodiment
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator measuring electronic sphygmomanometer as shown in Figure 1:, it is characterised in that: including ambulatory blood pressure
Analog controller (1) and emulation upper arm (2);The ambulatory blood pressure analog controller (1) is used to generate similar with human body
Recurrent pulses pressure (sinusoidal wave pressure);The emulation upper arm (2) is as emulating blood vessel with similar in anthropological measuring mechanics
(3), simulation skeleton (4), emulation muscle (5), simulation skin (6) composition;The emulation that the emulation upper arm (2) is equipped with by it
Blood vessel (3) and ambulatory blood pressure analog controller (1) connection, simulate the true working condition of human blood-pressure, electronic blood pressure to be detected
The cuff (7) of meter (8) is tied up to be measured in emulation upper arm (2).
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator of measurement electronic sphygmomanometer as shown in Figure 2, the ambulatory blood pressure simulate control
Device (1) is mainly made of pressure generator (9) and pressure controller (10), and the pressure generator (9) is dynamic pressure
Part and the pressure controller (10), which occur, for machinery has electrical connection;The pressure controller (10) is accurately to control
The control section that dynamic press occurs, and the size of pressure in pipeline is measured, it is adjusted according to feedback segment signal.
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator of measurement electronic sphygmomanometer as shown in Figure 2, the pressure generator (9) is by watching
Take motor driver (11), encoder for servo motor (12), servo motor rotor (13), cam mechanism (14) and minitype piston
Pressure pump (15) composition;The motor servo driver (11), encoder for servo motor (12), servo motor rotor (13),
Cam mechanism (14), minitype piston pressure pump (15) have mechanical connection;The motor servo driver (11) and servo electricity
Machine encoder (12) has electrical connection, and the encoder for servo motor (12) can be driven by controlling the servo motor
Dynamic device (11) reach the velocity of rotation and rotation direction of the control servo motor rotor (13);The servo motor rotor
(13) rotation generates one by driving cam mechanism (14) to drive the piston-cylinder movement of the minitype piston pressure pump (15)
A pulse.
A kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator of measurement electronic sphygmomanometer as shown in Figure 2, the pressure controller (10) are main
There are nine comprising modules: micro controller module (16), analog-to-digital conversion module (17), operational amplifying module (18), filter module
(19), temperature sensor module (20), gas pressure sensor module (21), pressure sensor module (22), liquid crystal display (23) and
Power module (24);Wherein, the temperature sensor module (20) is for acquiring current environmental temperature, and passes through filter module
(19), operational amplifying module (18), analog-to-digital conversion module (17) are connected with the input terminal of micro controller module (16);Air pressure sensing
Device module (21) passes through filter module (19), operational amplifying module (18), analog-to-digital conversion for acquiring current environment atmospheric pressure
Module (17) is connected with the input terminal of micro controller module (16);Pressure sensor module leads to for acquiring pressure in pipeline
The input terminal for crossing filter module (19), operational amplifying module (18), analog-to-digital conversion module (17) and micro controller module (16) connects
It connects;The filter module (19), operational amplifier module (18), analog-to-digital conversion module (17) are signal processing circuit module,
It is micro- to be finally converted to voltage signal access by main filtering, the amplification, conversion function for completing acquisition data for the analog signal of acquisition
The input terminal of controller module (16), and data are carried out by the liquid crystal display (23) of access micro controller module (16) output end
Display;The power module (24) passes through the power-switching circuit that micro controller module (16) are equipped with, and simulates to ambulatory blood pressure
Controller each section provides power supply.
In entire control process, servo motor rotor (13) drives cam mechanism (14) rotation, drives minitype piston pressure
The piston of power pump (15) moves in pump, the gas in right compression conduit, to change the pressure in emulation blood vessel (3), this is dynamic
State pressure is codetermined by compression volume ▽ V and compression time, with pressure peak PmaxCome with pressure pulsewidth τ founding mathematical models
Indicate this dynamic pressure:
Pmax=f (▽ V, τ)
Since the area of the piston of minitype piston pressure pump (15) is constant, the variation of gas volume is just and piston motion
Stroke ▽ l it is directly proportional.The medium of piston compression is gas, and is easy to be influenced by environment temperature and atmospheric pressure, is being controlled
It needs to be modified temperature and pressure in measurement environment in the process, dynamic pressure are as follows:
Pmax=f (▽ l, τ) * k(p,t)
K in formula(p,t)For the correction factor of environment temperature and pressure.It can be seen that dynamic pressure can be micro- by controlling from formula
The piston stroke of type piston pressure pump (15) and the revolving speed of servo motor rotor (13) control, thus this dynamic pressure be can
With the value of reproduction, can trace to the source.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of measure electronic sphygmomanometer ambulatory blood pressure simulator, it is characterised in that: including ambulatory blood pressure analog controller with
And emulation upper arm;The ambulatory blood pressure analog controller is used to generate the recurrent pulses pressure similar with human body;It is described
Emulation upper arm by being formed with emulation blood vessel, simulation skeleton similar in anthropological measuring mechanics, emulation muscle, simulation skin;It is described
Emulation upper arm blood vessel emulated by it connect with ambulatory blood pressure analog controller.
2. a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, is primarily characterized in that: institute
The ambulatory blood pressure analog controller stated, is mainly made of pressure generator and pressure controller, and the pressure generator is
The mechanical part and the pressure controller of occurring of state pressure has electrical connection;The pressure controller is accurately to control
The control section that dynamic press occurs, and the size of pressure in pipeline is measured, it is adjusted according to feedback segment signal.
3. a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 2, is primarily characterized in that: institute
The pressure generator stated is by motor servo driver, encoder for servo motor, servo motor rotor, cam mechanism, minitype piston
Pressure pump composition.
4. a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 3, is primarily characterized in that: institute
Motor servo driver, encoder for servo motor, servo motor rotor, cam mechanism, the minitype piston pressure pump stated have machine
Tool connection;The motor servo driver and the encoder for servo motor have electrical connection, the servo motor
Encoder can by control the motor servo driver reach the control servo motor rotor velocity of rotation and
Rotation direction;The piston that the servo motor rotor rotation passes through minitype piston pressure pump described in drive cam mechanism driving
Movement, generates a pulse.
5. a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 2, is primarily characterized in that: institute
The pressure controller stated mainly has nine comprising modules: micro controller module, analog-to-digital conversion module, operational amplifying module, filtering
Module, temperature sensor module, gas pressure sensor module, pressure sensor module, liquid crystal display and power module;Wherein, institute
The temperature sensor module stated passes through filter module, operational amplifying module, analog-to-digital conversion mould for acquiring current environmental temperature
Block is connected with the input terminal of micro controller module;Gas pressure sensor module passes through filtering for acquiring current environment atmospheric pressure
Module, operational amplifying module, analog-to-digital conversion module are connected with the input terminal of micro controller module;Pressure sensor module is for adopting
Collect pressure in pipeline, and is connected by the input terminal of filter module, operational amplifying module, analog-to-digital conversion module and micro controller module
It connects;The filter module, operational amplifier module, analog-to-digital conversion module are signal processing circuit module, main to complete acquisition
The analog signal of acquisition is finally converted to voltage signal access micro controller module by the filtering of data, amplification, conversion function
Input terminal, and the liquid crystal display by connecting with micro controller module output end carries out the display of data;The power module is logical
The pressure conversion circuit that micro controller module is equipped with is crossed, provides power supply to ambulatory blood pressure analog controller each section.
6. a kind of ambulatory blood pressure simulator for measuring electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, is primarily characterized in that: institute
The emulation upper arm stated is actually a human body simulation arm, mainly by simulation skeleton, emulation blood vessel, emulation muscle, artificial leather
Skin composition;Wherein, the emulation upper arm is equipped with and is about 300mm, and the hard plastic tube that outer diameter is about 60mm simulates human body humerus
Simulation skeleton;The emulation muscle be flexible-filler material, the simulation skin being made with the silastic material according to
It is secondary to be attached on the simulation skeleton;The emulation blood vessel is silicone tube, is attached to the simulation skeleton and described
It emulates between muscle.
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