CN113080912A - Electronic sphygmomanometer and blood pressure measuring method - Google Patents
Electronic sphygmomanometer and blood pressure measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
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- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000035487 diastolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000008321 arterial blood flow Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002555 auscultation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
- A61B5/0225—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers the pressure being controlled by electric signals, e.g. derived from Korotkoff sounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02108—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels from analysis of pulse wave characteristics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
- A61B5/02141—Details of apparatus construction, e.g. pump units or housings therefor, cuff pressurising systems, arrangements of fluid conduits or circuits
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Abstract
The invention provides an electronic sphygmomanometer and a blood pressure measuring method.A controller sends out detection instructions to a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor and a second pressure sensor after acquiring a measurement instruction; controlling the two air charging and discharging modules to be respectively charged to a preset first pressure value and a preset second pressure value, and then controlling the two air charging and discharging modules to be discharged; the inflation and deflation module changes the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested during inflation and deflation; the first pressure sensor detects pressure signals of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation process; the sound sensor detects the pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of pressure reduction; the second pressure sensor detects pressure signals of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation process; the controller determines a blood pressure value based on the pressure signal and the pulse tone signal. The invention reduces the noise signal during the pulse sound detection by arranging the two air inflation and deflation modules, further determines the blood pressure value based on the pulse sound and the pressure signal, and improves the measurement precision of the blood pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blood pressure measurement, in particular to an electronic sphygmomanometer and a blood pressure measuring method.
Background
In the related art, the blood pressure of a person to be measured is usually measured by using a korotkoff sound method or an oscillometric method. The korotkoff method is subjectively influenced by measuring personnel or limited by the sensitivity of a sound sensor, so that the accuracy of a blood pressure measurement result is low; oscillography is generally based on clinical probability statistics, and the measurement result of blood pressure may have large errors due to individual differences. Some sphygmomanometers combine the korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method, but because the korotkoff sound method and the oscillometric method adopt the same inflation and deflation channel, the noise is large, and the accuracy of the finally obtained blood pressure measurement result is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide an electronic blood pressure monitor and a blood pressure measuring method, so as to improve the accuracy of the measurement result of the blood pressure.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic sphygmomanometer, including a controller, a first inflation/deflation module, a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor, a second inflation/deflation module, and a second pressure sensor; the controller is respectively connected with the first inflation and deflation module, the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor, the second inflation and deflation module and the second pressure sensor; the first air inflation and deflation module is connected with the first pressure sensor and the sound sensor through air paths; the second inflation and deflation module is connected with the pressure sensor through a gas circuit; the controller is used for acquiring a measurement instruction and sending a detection instruction to the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor and the second pressure sensor; controlling the first inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset first pressure value, and controlling the second inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset second pressure value; the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module are used for increasing the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the inflation process until the arterial blood flow is blocked; the controller is also used for controlling the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset first deflation rate and controlling the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset second deflation rate; the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module are also used for reducing the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the deflation process; the first pressure sensor is used for detecting a first pressure signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the sound sensor is used for detecting the pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of pressure reduction; the second pressure sensor is used for detecting a second pressure signal of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the controller is also used for determining the blood pressure value of the person to be measured based on the first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal and the second pressure signal.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the controller is further configured to control the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a constant speed at a preset constant rate, and control the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset maximum rate when a pressure value of the second air inflation and deflation module is 0 mmHg.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the controller is further configured to obtain a systolic pressure value range and a diastolic pressure value range of the person to be measured based on a preset oscillometric method and the second pressure signal; and obtaining the systolic pressure value and the diastolic pressure value of the person to be detected based on the systolic pressure value range, the diastolic pressure value range and the pulse sound signal, and determining the diastolic pressure value and the systolic pressure value as the blood pressure value of the person to be detected.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the controller is further configured to obtain, based on the pulse sound signal, a sound generation time and a sound extinction time of an artery of the person to be measured in an air bleeding process of the second air bleeding and discharging module; and determining the pressure value of the second pressure signal corresponding to the sound ringing generation moment as the systolic pressure value of the person to be tested, determining the pressure value of the second pressure signal corresponding to the sound disappearing generation moment as the diastolic pressure value of the person to be tested, and determining the diastolic pressure value and the systolic pressure value as the blood pressure value of the person to be tested.
With reference to the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the controller is further configured to obtain a first systolic pressure value and a first diastolic pressure value of the person to be measured based on the pulse sound signal and a preset korotkoff sound method; obtaining a second systolic pressure value and a second diastolic pressure value of the person to be detected based on the second pressure signal and a preset oscillometric method; and obtaining the blood pressure value of the person to be detected based on the preset weight, the first systolic pressure value, the first diastolic pressure value, the second systolic pressure value and the second diastolic pressure value.
With reference to any one of the first aspect to the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the first pressure value ranges from greater than or equal to 45mmHg to less than or equal to 80mmHg, and the second pressure value includes 170 mmHg.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the first inflation and deflation module includes a first airbag, a first deflation valve, and a first air pump; the first air bag, the first air release valve and the first air pump are connected through a three-way air passage; the controller is respectively connected with the first air release valve and the first air pump; the controller is also used for controlling the first air pump to inflate the first air bag to a preset first pressure signal; and controlling the first deflation valve to deflate the first inflation and deflation module at a preset first deflation rate.
With reference to the sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the second inflation and deflation module includes a second airbag, a second deflation valve, and a second air pump; the second air bag, the second air release valve and the second air pump are connected through a three-way air passage; the controller is respectively connected with the second air release valve and the second air pump; the controller is also used for controlling the second air pump to inflate the second air bag to a preset second pressure signal; and controlling the second deflation valve to deflate the second inflation and deflation module at a preset second deflation rate.
With reference to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides an eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the second air inflation and deflation module further includes a cylinder; the cylinder is arranged on the second air bag and the second deflation valve; the cylinder is used for stabilizing the pressure in the second air bag during the process of inflating or deflating the second air bag.
With reference to the eighth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the second purge valve includes a second quick purge valve and a constant speed purge valve.
With reference to any one of the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the electronic sphygmomanometer further includes a cuff; the first air bag and the second air bag are arranged in the cuff.
With reference to any one of the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the present invention provides the tenth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein a length of the first airbag is equal to a length of the second airbag, and a ratio of a width of the first airbag to a width of the second airbag is 1:3 and similar proportions.
With reference to any one of the first to eleventh possible implementation manners of the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a twelfth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the sound sensor includes a mic sound sensor.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a blood pressure measuring method, which is applied to the electronic sphygmomanometer; the electronic sphygmomanometer comprises a controller, a first inflation and deflation module, a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor, a second inflation and deflation module and a second pressure sensor; the controller is respectively connected with the first inflation and deflation module, the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor, the second inflation and deflation module and the second pressure sensor; the first air inflation and deflation module is connected with the first pressure sensor and the sound sensor through air paths; the second inflation and deflation module is connected with the pressure sensor through a gas circuit; the method comprises the following steps: the controller acquires a measurement instruction and sends a detection instruction to the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor and the second pressure sensor; controlling the first inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset first pressure signal, and controlling the second inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset second pressure value; the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module increase the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the inflation process until the arterial blood flow is blocked; the controller controls the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset first deflation rate, and controls the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset second deflation rate; the first air inflation and deflation module and the second air inflation and deflation module reduce the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the air deflation process; the first pressure sensor detects a first pressure signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the sound sensor detects the pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of pressure reduction; the second pressure sensor detects a second pressure signal of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the controller determines the blood pressure value of the person to be tested based on the first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal and the second pressure signal.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the invention provides an electronic sphygmomanometer and a blood pressure measuring method.A controller sends a detection instruction to a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor and a second pressure sensor after acquiring a measurement instruction; controlling the two air charging and discharging modules to be respectively charged to a preset first pressure value and a preset second pressure value, and then controlling the two air charging and discharging modules to be discharged; the inflation and deflation module changes the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested during inflation and deflation; the first pressure sensor detects pressure signals of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation process; the sound sensor detects the pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of pressure reduction; the second pressure sensor detects pressure signals of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation process; the controller determines a blood pressure value based on the two pressure signals and the pulse tone signal. This mode is through setting up two and filling the noise signal of gassing module reduction pulse sound detection time, and further based on pulse sound and pressure signal confirm the blood pressure value, improved the measurement accuracy of blood pressure.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a related art electronic blood pressure monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic sphygmomanometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an air passage structure of another electronic sphygmomanometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit control structure of another electronic sphygmomanometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a blood pressure measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, a sphygmomanometer is generally constructed based on a Korotkoff sound method and an oscillometric method, so that blood pressure measurement of a patient or related personnel is realized.
Korotkoff's sound method, also called auscultation method. The Korotkoff sounds can be divided into five stages (also called time phases), namely, sound, murmur, clapping, sound covering and sound eliminating, and the external pressure corresponding to the first audible sound of the sound is taken as the contraction pressure; the loss of sound was recorded as diastolic pressure.
The oscillography is that small pulses transmitted from a body blood vessel to the cuff are identified by a sensor, and are differentiated to form an envelope line capable of reflecting pulse peak values through multiple processing, and then the envelope line is calculated to obtain the values of systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.
Electronic sphygmomanometers are widely used in medical and household places to realize non-invasive blood pressure measurement of human bodies, but compared with a mercury sphygmomanometer measurement method and invasive blood pressure measurement, the accuracy of the electronic sphygmomanometer also has a room for improvement.
In the prior art, a Mic sound sensor (also called a microphone sensor) or a pressure sensor which is applied to an electronic sphygmomanometer alone can calculate a blood pressure value of a human body, but due to the structure of the sphygmomanometer and other reasons, certain errors still exist in blood pressure calculation, and if a Mic sensor and the pressure sensor are used in a combined mode, the advantages of a Korotkoff sound method and an oscillometric method are combined, so that the accuracy of blood pressure calculation can be improved.
In some electronic blood pressure meters, a combination of a korotkoff sound sensor and a pressure sensor is used to measure the blood pressure. The electronic sphygmomanometer comprises a processing unit, an air charging and discharging unit, a cuff, a pressure sensor, a pressure detection circuit, a Korotkoff sound sensor, a Korotkoff sound detection circuit, a light emitting unit, a display unit and a key unit, and the schematic diagram of the electronic sphygmomanometer is shown in figure 1; the sphygmomanometer obtains and displays blood pressure results through a Korotkoff sound sensor and a pressure sensor.
However, in this structure, the Mic sensor and the pressure sensor are close to each other in structure, and the same inflation and deflation unit is adopted, so that when the air flow in the air passage flows through the korotkoff sound sensor, the noise of the sound in the cuff obtained by the korotkoff sound sensor is large, and meanwhile, the data obtained by the pressure sensor also has large noise, so that the accuracy of the blood pressure calculation is affected.
Based on this, the electronic sphygmomanometer and the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to the measurement process of the blood pressure of people in various medical scenes and life scenes.
For the convenience of understanding the present embodiment, a detailed description will be given to an electronic blood pressure monitor disclosed in the present embodiment.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic sphygmomanometer, as shown in fig. 2, the electronic sphygmomanometer includes a controller 10, a first inflation/deflation module 20, a first pressure sensor 30, a sound sensor 40, a second inflation/deflation module 50, and a second pressure sensor 60; the controller 10 is respectively connected with the first inflation and deflation module 20, the first pressure sensor 30, the sound sensor 40, the second inflation and deflation module 50, and the second pressure sensor 60; the first inflation and deflation module 20 is connected with the first pressure sensor 30 and the sound sensor 40 through a three-way air passage; second inflation and deflation module 50 is pneumatically coupled to pressure sensor 60.
The controller is used for acquiring a measurement instruction and sending a detection instruction to the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor and the second pressure sensor; the measurement instruction can be input by a user through a human-computer interaction device connected with the controller, such as a touch screen, a key and the like, and can also be sent to the controller through an electronic device connected with the controller in a communication mode.
When the sensor starts to detect, the controller controls the first inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset first pressure value and controls the second inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset second pressure value; the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module are used for increasing the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the inflation process until the arterial blood flow is blocked.
In general, the first inflation and deflation module may be composed of a first air bag, a first deflation valve and a first air pump; the first air bag, the first air release valve and the first air pump are connected through a three-way air passage; the controller is respectively connected with the first air release valve and the first air pump; the controller enables the first air bag to be inflated to a preset first pressure signal by controlling the first air pump; and controlling the first deflation valve to deflate the first inflation and deflation module at a preset first deflation rate. The second inflation and deflation module can adopt the same structure as the first inflation and deflation module (comprising a second air bag, a second deflation valve and a second air pump), and is not described in detail herein. During specific implementation, the first air bag and the second air bag can be arranged in the cuff, and before measurement, the cuff wraps the big arm of the person to be measured, so that the first air bag and the second air bag generate pressure to the artery of the person to be measured in the inflating process.
The controller is also used for controlling the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset first deflation rate and controlling the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset second deflation rate; the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module are also used for reducing the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the deflation process. The air release process can be rapid air release after keeping the internal pressure constant for a certain time, or uniform air release at a slower speed. Because the sound sensor is connected with the first air charging and discharging module, when the second air charging and discharging module is deflated at a constant speed, the first air charging and discharging module keeps the internal pressure unchanged so as to reduce noise interference on the sound sensor in the measuring process. Therefore, the second air release valve of the second air inflation and deflation module can be respectively provided with a second quick air release valve and a constant speed air release valve; the second inflation and deflation module can also comprise a cylinder; the cylinder is arranged on the second air bag and the second deflation valve; the cylinder is used for stabilizing the pressure in the second air bag during the process of inflating or deflating the second air bag.
The first pressure sensor is used for detecting a first pressure signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the sound sensor is used for detecting the pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the pressure reduction process, the process is usually synchronous with the air release process of the second air release and release module, and the sound sensor can be a mic sound sensor; the second pressure sensor is used for detecting a second pressure signal of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes.
The controller is also used for determining the blood pressure value of the person to be measured based on the first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal and the second pressure signal. The first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal and the second pressure signal all contain blood pressure value information of a person to be measured, the range of the blood pressure value can be determined based on an oscillometric method and the pressure signals, and then a specific blood pressure value is obtained based on a Korotkoff's rhythm method and the pulse sound signal; or respectively obtaining blood pressure measurement values based on the pressure signals and the pulse sound signals, then carrying out weighted average processing on the blood pressure measurement values, and finally obtaining specific blood pressure values.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electronic sphygmomanometer, wherein after a controller acquires a measurement instruction, the controller sends a detection instruction to a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor and a second pressure sensor; controlling the two air charging and discharging modules to be respectively charged to a preset first pressure value and a preset second pressure value, and then controlling the two air charging and discharging modules to be discharged; the inflation and deflation module changes the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested during inflation and deflation; the first pressure sensor and the sound sensor respectively detect a pressure signal and a pulse sound signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation process; the second pressure sensor detects a pressure signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of reducing the pressure; the controller determines a blood pressure value based on the two pressure signals and the pulse tone signal. This mode is through setting up two and filling the noise signal of gassing module reduction pulse sound detection time, and further based on pulse sound and pressure signal confirm the blood pressure value, improved the measurement accuracy of blood pressure.
In a specific implementation, the first pressure value may be set to a value greater than or equal to 45mmHg and less than or equal to 80mmHg, and the second pressure value may be set to 170 mmHg. Since too high a pressure in the first bladder may strongly press the blood vessel, resulting in inaccurate pressure results in the second bladder, but too low a pressure may also result in insufficient contact between the bladder and the limb, and the Mic sensor cannot acquire the pressure sound of the first bladder. Preferably, the preset pressure value in the first air bag is set to be 45-80 mmHg.
For example, the controller controls the first air pump to inflate until the pressure of the first air bag is 50mmHg, and then the inflation is stopped, and meanwhile, the air pressure in the first air bag is kept unchanged at 50 mmHg; and controlling the second air pump to inflate the second air bag to 170mmHg and then stopping inflation. And then, the controller controls the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a constant speed at a preset constant speed, and controls the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset maximum speed when the pressure value of the second air inflation and deflation module is 0 mmHg.
At this time, the controller receives the first pressure signal, the second pressure signal and the pulse sound signal. The controller can obtain a systolic pressure value range and a diastolic pressure value range of the person to be detected based on a preset oscillometric method and a second pressure signal; and obtaining the systolic pressure value and the diastolic pressure value of the person to be detected based on the systolic pressure value range, the diastolic pressure value range and the pulse sound signal, and determining the diastolic pressure value and the systolic pressure value as the blood pressure value of the person to be detected. Specifically, the controller may calculate the systolic pressure by using an oscillometric method (obtaining pressure information of the large balloon during deflation, calculating the systolic pressure according to the oscillometric method), and then finding out the sound within a certain range according to the systolic pressure. For example, the blood pressure is searched within a range of. + -. 15mmHg from the oscillometric blood pressure value. For example, if the systolic pressure calculated by the oscillometric method is 120mmHg, the acoustic sound is searched between 105 mmHg and 135 mmHg.
Another way to obtain the blood pressure value based on the above signals may be: the controller obtains the sound generation time and the sound disappearance time of the artery of the person to be detected in the air release process of the second air release and release module based on the pulse sound signal; and determining the pressure value of the second pressure signal corresponding to the sound ringing generation moment as the systolic pressure value of the person to be tested, determining the pressure value of the second pressure signal corresponding to the sound disappearing generation moment as the diastolic pressure value of the person to be tested, and determining the diastolic pressure value and the systolic pressure value as the blood pressure value of the person to be tested. Specifically, the rattle and the muffled sound in the first balloon may be determined first, the times T1 and T2 at which the rattle and the muffled sound are generated may be determined, and the pressures in the second balloon corresponding to the times T1 and T2 may be determined to correspond to the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure. In the mode, the constant-speed deflation valve can be started firstly to deflate the second air bag at a constant speed, and the second quick deflation valve is started to deflate after the second air bag is deflated to a preset pressure.
In addition, a plurality of blood pressure values can be measured, and a more accurate blood pressure value can be obtained by adopting a weighted average mode. Specifically, the controller obtains a first systolic pressure value and a first diastolic pressure value of the person to be measured based on the pulse sound signal and a preset Korotkoff sound method; obtaining a second systolic pressure value and a second diastolic pressure value of the person to be detected based on the second pressure signal and a preset oscillometric method; and obtaining the blood pressure value of the person to be detected based on the preset weight, the first systolic pressure value, the first diastolic pressure value, the second systolic pressure value and the second diastolic pressure value.
Theoretically, three sensors are coupled in the electronic sphygmomanometer provided by the embodiment of the invention, four ways for calculating the systolic pressure can be generated, and the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure can be respectively calculated by an oscillometric method in the inflation and deflation processes of the large air bag (namely the second air bag); during the deflation of the large balloon, the systolic pressure can be calculated from the absence to the presence to the absence of the detected pulse amplitude in the small balloon (i.e. the first balloon) and also from the absence to the presence to the absence of the detected sound. Perhaps, they can be taken as a weighted average to get the final blood pressure result, which seems to be the most accurate for most people.
It is considered that, during the deflation of the large balloon, the pulse signal in the small balloon (obtained by the pressure sensor) is obtained, and then the diastolic pressure and diastolic pressure are calculated according to the oscillometric method, at this time, because the sound signal is obtained, the small balloon is at a constant lower pressure for a longer time, on the basis, the amplitude of the envelope curve formed by the obtained pulse signal is smaller, and the error of the calculated blood pressure value is slightly larger. Therefore, the way of calculating the blood pressure from the absence to the presence to the absence of the pulse amplitude detected in the small balloon during the deflation of the large balloon or the way of giving a smaller weight to the relative blood pressure when weighted averaging may be temporarily disregarded.
Preferably, during the deflation of the large air bag, the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure are calculated according to the oscillometric method (i.e. combining the second pressure signal), and the blood pressure is calculated from the absence to the presence to the absence of the detected sound (i.e. the pulse sound signal), and the two are weighted and averaged to obtain the final blood pressure value which is output to the user.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another electronic sphygmomanometer, which is realized on the basis of the electronic sphygmomanometer shown in the figure 2. As shown in fig. 3, the sphygmomanometer comprises a cuff double air bag, a double air pump and two single air paths; the first air path comprises a microphone sensor, a first pressure sensor, a first air bag of the cuff, a first air pump and a first quick deflation valve, the second air path comprises a second pressure sensor, a second air bag of the cuff, a second air pump, a second quick deflation valve, a constant speed deflation valve and an air cylinder, and the first air path and the second air path are relatively completely independent. Among the three sensors, the mic sound sensor is used for gathering the artery and fills the sound and the disappearance sound of gassing in-process of gassing module at the second, and first pressure sensor is used for gathering the atmospheric pressure of first gasbag, and the second gasbag is used for gathering the atmospheric pressure of second gasbag, can adopt some tee joints and the convenient connection of four-way junction structure realization gas circuit in the gas circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, the electronic sphygmomanometer includes a processor (corresponding to the above "controller"), and the processor is connected to the first air pump, the first quick deflation valve, the Mic sound (Mic) sensor, the first pressure sensor, the second air pump, the second quick deflation valve, the constant deflation valve, and the second pressure sensor, respectively, and directly controls each part.
Based on the sphygmomanometer, various blood pressure calculation modes can be adopted:
firstly, the numerical range of the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure is determined according to the oscillometric method, and then the sound from no sound to sound and the sound from the sound to the sound are searched in the numerical range.
The concrete mode is as follows: the processor simultaneously controls the first air pump and the second air pump to inflate the first air bag and the second air bag, the three sensors are started to work, the mic sound sensor collects the sound and the sound eliminating information of the artery in the deflation process of the second inflation and deflation module, the first pressure sensor obtains the pressure information of the first air bag, and the second pressure sensor obtains the pressure information of the second air bag. Setting the first air pump to inflate until the pressure of the first air bag is 50mmHg, and then stopping inflation, wherein the air pressure of the first air bag is kept unchanged at 50 mmHg; and setting a second air pump to inflate the second air bag until the pressure is 170mmHg, then stopping inflation, starting a constant-speed deflation valve to deflate the second air bag, calculating the blood pressure by a descending oscillography, beginning to deflate the first air bag quickly until the air pressure deflation of the second air bag is finished, finally judging the range of the measured value of the blood pressure by the oscillography, and finding out the accurate blood pressure value by the pulse sound waveform.
And secondly, determining the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure according to the sound signal in the first air bag and the pressure signal of the second air bag.
The processor controls the first air pump to inflate the first air bag to a preset pressure value (within the range of 45-80 mmHg), the pressure can be kept at the preset pressure value, and at the moment, the sound signal in the first air bag is obtained. And the processor controls the second air pump to inflate the second air bag to a preset pressure value (170 mmHg can be referred to), then starts to deflate the constant-speed deflation valve, and starts to deflate the second quick deflation valve after deflating to the preset pressure. Then, the sound of the bomb and the sound of the disappearance in the first air bag are determined, the time T1 and the time T2 for the sound of the bomb and the sound of the disappearance are determined, and the pressure in the second air bag corresponding to the time T1 and the time T2 is determined, and the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure correspond to each other.
When the two methods are realized, the sound signal of the first air bag in the constant-speed deflation process (slow deflation) of the second air bag has a very obvious turning point from nothing to nothing, and the turning point is the snapping sound and corresponds to the systolic pressure of the blood vessel.
The second method is simpler, searching for the pinking sound and the disappearing sound of the first air bag and the corresponding pressure value of the second air bag can be realized, and the calculation can be quickly completed. But has one limitation: according to the actual measurement, the sound signal is difficult to measure the diastolic pressure, because there may be a fuzzy condition according to the auscultated disappearing sound, and the measured diastolic pressure of the second method may not be accurate enough to measure the diastolic pressure by the oscillometric method, and the oscillometric diastolic pressure is needed to be used for the result.
Multiple sensors may be used to calculate multiple systolic and diastolic pressures, which are then weighted and averaged as described above and will not be described further herein.
In the specific implementation process, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor can be resistance sensors, the first quick air release valve and the second quick air release valve are electromagnetic valves, and the constant-speed air release valve is a mechanical valve. The first air bag and the second air bag have the same or approximately the same length, and the width ratio of the first air bag and the second air bag can be set to be 1:3 and similar ratio which is preferable.
Random population test is carried out by adopting the first method, mercury blood pressure is taken as reference equipment, testers are qualified personnel trained according to the test standard, the average deviation and the standard deviation are calculated according to yy0670 standard, and the obtained test conditions are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
In table 1, the true value is the mercury sphygmomanometer auscultation reading; the single air bag is an electronic sphygmomanometer measuring reading value of a single air passage containing a single air bag cuff and a single air pump; mic represents the blood pressure measurement reading of the electronic sphygmomanometer according to the first method.
The table 1 can reflect that the design of the air passage is helpful for blood pressure measurement, the precision of the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of the blood passage is obviously improved, wherein the standard difference of the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure is improved to 3.92mmHg and 4.64mmHg, the requirement of yy0670 blood pressure calculation standard precision is met, and the precision is improved compared with the precision of the existing single-air-bag single-air-passage electronic sphygmomanometer.
The electronic sphygmomanometer uses an auscultation method combined with an oscillography or a pressure sensor, so that the influence of subjective factors of an auscultator on a blood pressure measurement result in the method of using the mercury sphygmomanometer can be reduced, and more objective and more scientific auscultation method blood pressure measurement is realized.
The structural design of the two independent air paths in the embodiment of the invention can ensure that the mic sound sensor is influenced by the lowest external noise, so that the precision of pulse wave sound collection is improved, and meanwhile, the second air path is provided with the air cylinder, so that the noise of the second air path can be reduced, and the precision of pressure data collection in the second pressure sensor is improved.
Corresponding to the electronic sphygmomanometer, the embodiment of the invention also provides a blood pressure measuring method, which is applied to the electronic sphygmomanometer; the electronic sphygmomanometer comprises a controller, a first inflation and deflation module, a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor, a second inflation and deflation module and a second pressure sensor; the controller is respectively connected with the first inflation and deflation module, the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor, the second inflation and deflation module and the second pressure sensor; the first air inflation and deflation module is connected with the first pressure sensor and the sound sensor through air paths; the second inflation and deflation module is connected with the pressure sensor through a gas circuit; as shown in fig. 5, the method comprises the steps of:
step S600, a controller acquires a measurement instruction and sends a detection instruction to a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor and a second pressure sensor; and controlling the first inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset first pressure signal, and controlling the second inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset second pressure value.
Step S602, the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module increase the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the inflation process until the arterial blood flow is blocked.
In step S604, the controller controls the first deflation and inflation module to deflate at a first and second preset deflation rates respectively.
Step S606, the first air inflation and deflation module and the second air inflation and deflation module reduce the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be measured in the air inflation and deflation process.
Step S608, a first pressure sensor detects a first pressure signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation process; the sound sensor detects the pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of pressure reduction; the second pressure sensor detects a second pressure signal of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes.
In step S610, the controller determines a blood pressure value of the person to be measured based on the first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal, and the second pressure signal.
The blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same technical characteristics as the electronic sphygmomanometer provided by the embodiment, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
The electronic blood pressure monitor and the computer program product of the blood pressure measuring method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise a computer readable storage medium storing program codes, instructions included in the program codes can be used for executing the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation can refer to the method embodiment, and is not described herein again.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases for those skilled in the art.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that the following embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
1. An electronic sphygmomanometer, which is characterized by comprising a controller, a first inflation and deflation module, a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor, a second inflation and deflation module and a second pressure sensor; the controller is respectively connected with the first inflation and deflation module, the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor, the second inflation and deflation module and the second pressure sensor; the first air inflation and deflation module is connected with the first pressure sensor and the sound sensor through air passages; the second inflation and deflation module is connected with the second pressure sensor through a gas circuit;
the controller is used for acquiring a measurement instruction and sending a detection instruction to the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor and the second pressure sensor; controlling the first inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset first pressure value, and controlling the second inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset second pressure value;
the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module are used for increasing the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the inflation process until the arterial blood flow is blocked;
the controller is further used for controlling the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset first deflation rate, and controlling the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset second deflation rate;
the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module are also used for reducing the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the deflation process;
the first pressure sensor is used for detecting a first pressure signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the sound sensor is used for detecting a pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of reducing the pressure; the second pressure sensor is used for detecting a second pressure signal of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes;
the controller is further used for determining the blood pressure value of the person to be tested based on the first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal and the second pressure signal.
2. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the controller is further configured to control the second deflation and inflation module to deflate at a constant rate, and control the first deflation and inflation module to deflate at a maximum rate when a pressure value of the second deflation and inflation module is 0 mmHg.
3. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to obtain a systolic blood pressure value range and a diastolic blood pressure value range of the person to be measured based on a preset oscillometric method and the second pressure signal; and obtaining a systolic pressure value and a diastolic pressure value of the person to be detected based on the systolic pressure value range, the diastolic pressure value range and the pulse sound signal, and determining the diastolic pressure value and the systolic pressure value as the blood pressure value of the person to be detected.
4. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to obtain a ringing sound generation time and a disappearing sound generation time of the artery of the person to be measured in the deflation process of the second inflation and deflation module based on the pulse sound signal; and determining the pressure value of the second pressure signal corresponding to the sound ringing generation moment as the systolic pressure value of the person to be tested, determining the pressure value of the second pressure signal corresponding to the sound disappearing generation moment as the diastolic pressure value of the person to be tested, and determining the diastolic pressure value and the systolic pressure value as the blood pressure value of the person to be tested.
5. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 2, wherein the controller is further configured to obtain a first systolic pressure value and a first diastolic pressure value of the person to be measured based on the pulse sound signal and a preset Korotkoff sound method; obtaining a second systolic pressure value and a second diastolic pressure value of the person to be detected based on the second pressure signal and a preset oscillometric method; and obtaining the blood pressure value of the person to be detected based on preset weight, the first systolic pressure value, the first diastolic pressure value, the second systolic pressure value and the second diastolic pressure value.
6. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first pressure value ranges from 45mmHg or more to 80mmHg or less, and the second pressure value includes 170 mmHg.
7. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the first inflation and deflation module comprises a first air bag, a first deflation valve and a first air pump; the first air bag, the first deflation valve and the first air pump are connected through a three-way air passage; the controller is respectively connected with the first air release valve and the first air pump;
the controller is further used for controlling the first air pump to inflate the first air bag to a preset first pressure signal; and controlling the first deflation valve to deflate the first inflation and deflation module at a preset first deflation rate.
8. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to claim 7, wherein the second inflation and deflation module comprises a second air bag, a second deflation valve and a second air pump; the second air bag, the second deflation valve and the second air pump are connected through a three-way air passage; the controller is respectively connected with the second air release valve and the second air pump;
the controller is also used for controlling the second air pump to inflate the second air bag to a preset second pressure signal; and controlling the second deflation valve to deflate the second inflation and deflation module at a preset second deflation rate.
9. The electronic sphygmomanometer of claim 8, wherein the second inflation and deflation module further comprises a cylinder; the air cylinder is arranged on the second air bag and the second deflation valve; the cylinder is used for stabilizing the pressure in the second air bag during the process of inflating or deflating the second air bag.
10. The electronic sphygmomanometer of claim 9, wherein the second air release valve comprises a second quick release valve and a constant speed release valve.
11. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising a cuff; the first and second air cells are disposed in the cuff.
12. The electronic sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the length of the first air cell is equal to the length of the second air cell, and a ratio of the width of the first air cell to the width of the second air cell is 1:3 and similar proportions.
13. Electronic sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the acoustic sensor comprises a mic acoustic sensor.
14. A blood pressure measuring method, characterized in that the method is applied to the electronic blood pressure meter according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the electronic sphygmomanometer comprises a controller, a first inflation and deflation module, a first pressure sensor, a sound sensor, a second inflation and deflation module and a second pressure sensor; the controller is respectively connected with the first inflation and deflation module, the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor, the second inflation and deflation module and the second pressure sensor; the first air inflation and deflation module is connected with the first pressure sensor and the sound sensor through air passages; the second inflation and deflation module is connected with the second pressure sensor through a gas circuit; the method comprises the following steps:
the controller acquires a measurement instruction and sends a detection instruction to the first pressure sensor, the sound sensor and the second pressure sensor; controlling the first inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset first pressure signal, and controlling the second inflation and deflation module to inflate to a preset second pressure value;
the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module increase the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the inflation process until the arterial blood flow is blocked;
the controller controls the first air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset first deflation rate, and controls the second air inflation and deflation module to deflate at a preset second deflation rate;
the first inflation and deflation module and the second inflation and deflation module reduce the pressure applied to the artery of the person to be tested in the deflation process;
the first pressure sensor detects a first pressure signal of the first inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes; the sound sensor detects a pulse sound signal applied to the artery of the person to be detected in the process of pressure reduction; the second pressure sensor detects a second pressure signal of the second inflation and deflation module in the inflation and deflation processes;
the controller determines the blood pressure value of the person to be tested based on the first pressure signal, the pulse sound signal and the second pressure signal.
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