CN1759216A - 抗菌性果胶纤维素 - Google Patents
抗菌性果胶纤维素 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1759216A CN1759216A CNA2004800066588A CN200480006658A CN1759216A CN 1759216 A CN1759216 A CN 1759216A CN A2004800066588 A CNA2004800066588 A CN A2004800066588A CN 200480006658 A CN200480006658 A CN 200480006658A CN 1759216 A CN1759216 A CN 1759216A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- pecto
- cellulose fiber
- fiber
- cellulose
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Abstract
本发明提供一种抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维布帛,是将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,并使经过处理的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛中负载离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维布帛。
Description
背景技术
本发明涉及一种果胶纤维素中结合特别是化学结合有抗菌剂的抗菌性纤维素,特别涉及在果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛中负载离子性抗菌剂的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛以及其制造方法。
作为天然纤维的代表纤维素系纤维,如棉纤维已在地球上大量生产,而且它是拥有最近常被提到的再循环性质的贵重纤维。另外棉纤维本身,不附加其他改良,就是一种拥有适度吸湿性、柔软性的舒适纤维材料。但是,近年由0-157细菌引起的食物中毒事件、24小时浴池中军团菌属菌问题等各种细菌引起的事件多次发生。更有关于伴随住宅的高气密化而引起湿气增大、换气不足从而造成滋生细菌、真菌、壁虱等问题的报道。在如此状况下,消费者中对细菌的关心正逐年递增。对应这种倾向各种抗菌加工制品在市场上推出,具体如纤维制品、厨房制品、汽车·卫生间用品、家电制品、住宅设备机器等跨多领域制品均成为抗菌加工的对象。
纤维素系纤维制品,如棉织品的抗菌加工中已知可使用作为抗菌剂的银、铜等抗菌性金属。使用银离子的抗菌性纤维制品中由于银离子溶出而显现抗菌性的溶出型药剂很多,作为这种溶出型药剂的载体,已知有沸石、粘土矿物、玻璃等。另外,已知将纤维素系纤维制品浸泡在含有这些抗菌剂与尿烷树脂的混合液中,再将其干燥从而赋予抗菌性的方法。也有使用喷雾器将含有抗菌剂的混合液喷至纤维上的方法。但是,这些现有抗菌加工所得的纤维素系纤维制品,经过较少次数的洗涤后抗菌剂就会从纤维上脱离,结果造成在较短时间内抗菌效果便减弱的问题。另外虽然已公开了在含有羟甲基类树脂、交联催化剂的纺纱油剂中浸泡纤维素系纤维从而赋予抗菌性的方法(专利文献1/日本专利特开2000-355880号公报),多酚作为衬垫使银离子、铜离子等金属离子结合在棉纤维上从而赋予抗菌性的方法(专利文献2/日本专利特开2000-204182号公报)等,但都不能使抗菌性的持续性得到必要的满足。
因此,需要例如可将抗菌剂等功能性物质容易而且稳定持续的结合在纤维上的方法。天然纤维,例如棉纤维是由纤维素作为主体的多糖体,带有来自其构成成分葡萄糖的羟基的阴离子电荷。但是这种电荷极弱,不能使无机、有机的其他功能性物质与棉纤维直接结合,因此已探索研究将这些阴电荷经化学处理使其增强后能使功能性物质与棉纤维能直接结合的方法。另外,开发了将抗菌剂等功能性物质吸着形在成细粉的陶瓷中,再将其导入棉纤维中的方法。任何情况通常均需要过激的化学反应的前处理,经这些前处理后棉纤维本来的性质被损坏,而且处理费用高,这些对于赋予棉纤维功能性,成为瓶颈环节。因此,需要可将例如抗菌剂等功能性物质容易而且稳定持续地与例如棉纤维结合的方法。
本发明的目的是提供在来自天然纤维素纤维的纤维素中结合有抗菌剂的纤维素,以及提供在果胶纤维素纤维上负载抗菌剂,而且抗菌剂稳定持久地与纤维素结合,抗菌剂不易经洗涤就脱离的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛。
发明的揭示
本发明者,对前述课题认真研究的结果发现,采用例如将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,并使果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛中结合离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂的方法,可提供含有在果胶纤维素所含果胶中结合了无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂的果胶纤维素的抗菌性果胶纤维素。
本发明是,含有将无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂结合到果胶纤维素所含果胶中所得到的果胶纤维素的抗菌性果胶纤维素。
作为前述结合状态,包括化学结合,以及前述果胶纤维素所含果胶中的具有离子结合能力的活性基团上通过离子键结合离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂。前述果胶纤维素,未做特定的限制,可使用含有楮(Edgeworthia)、三桠(paper mulberry)的日本纸、棉、麻、人造丝、洋麻以及来自由这些原料中所选素材的果胶纤维素。
另外,作为本发明较好的方式涉及
(1)、将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,并使果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,处理后的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素布帛中负载离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂,成为抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维布帛。
(2)、(1)中记载的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛,其果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛是由棉或者麻构成
(3)、(1)或者(2)中记载的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛,其中,酸为磷酸、硫酸等无机酸或醋酸等有机酸、碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙等碱,盐为这些酸与碱形成的盐,螯合剂为乙二胺四醋酸、氮三醋酸等。
(4)、(1)~(3)中任一项记载的果胶纤维素纤维或者纤维素纤维布帛,其中,无机抗菌剂为银、铜或钛或者含有这些金属的化合物,有机抗菌剂为季铵、甲壳质、壳聚糖等。
(5)、一种制造抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维布帛的制造方法,将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,并使经过处理的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素布帛中负载离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂,形成抗菌性果胶纤维素或者抗菌性果胶纤维素布帛。
(6)、由(1)~(4)任一项果胶纤维素纤维构成的纤维制品。
实施发明的最佳方式
以下,将说明实施本发明的最佳方式。
本发明是含有果胶纤维素所含果胶中结合无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂的果胶纤维素的抗菌性果胶纤维素。作为前述无机抗菌剂,以银、铜或钛或者含有这些金属的金属化合物为宜,前述有机抗菌剂以季铵、甲壳质、壳聚糖为宜。
作为本发明的实施方式,可提供由前述抗菌性果胶纤维素构成的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维,但不拘于“纤维”的形式,也可提供抗菌性复合纤维素。
因此,本实施方式可提供抗菌性果胶纤维素本身或者含有抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维的各种纤维制品,另外也可提供单独含有前述抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者其与其他纤维混合或者复合的纤维制品。
具体的本发明的实施方式为,将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,并使经过处理的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛中负载离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂,形成抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者抗菌性果胶纤维素布帛。
本发明的果胶的定量方法按照以下方法实施。果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛在0.1M氢氧化钠溶液中在90℃加热处理60分钟,溶液中的半乳糖醛酸量用咔唑硫酸法定量,以此作为果胶的含量。更详细为,上述经氢氧化钠处理的被测液0.125mL与0.2质量%的咔唑溶液(乙醇溶液)0.125mL混合,在其中一边加入1.5mL 31.5N硫酸溶液一边冷却,充分混合。然后,将这种混合溶液在75℃加热20分钟,放置冷却至室温,在波长570nm下用分光光度计测定吸光度。另外根据已知量半乳糖醛酸的测定制成标准曲线,在标准曲线中根据所测吸光度读出被测液中半乳糖醛酸含量,利用所读出数据计算出果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量。
本发明中所谓的果胶纤维素纤维是含有果胶的天然纤维,果胶纤维素是含有果胶的纤维素。重要的是,只要是含有果胶的纤维或者纤维素即可。作为果胶纤维素纤维,可举例棉、麻、人造丝等纤维素系纤维,较好为棉。另外,如已述,可使用含有楮、三桠的日本纸、洋麻。或者分别使用这些原料形态。或者使用由其中至少两种混合所得的混合物。天然采取的果胶纤维素纤维因其种类和产地不同,棉中果胶的含量通常为7~8质量%,麻中一般含有约10~11质量%。
本发明中使用的酸为有机酸、无机酸均可。无机酸无特定的限制,可举例磷酸、硫酸、硝酸、磺酸、盐酸、硼酸等,较好为磷酸、硫酸。有机酸也无特定的限制,可举例醋酸、丁酸、羧酸、乳酸、蚁酸、草酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苹果酸、氨基磺酸、丙酮酸等,较好为醋酸、柠檬酸。
碱无特定的限制,可举例氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙、碳酸钾、腺嘌呤等,较好为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化钙。
盐如为上述酸和碱形成的物质均可,较好为硫酸钠、硫酸钾、磷酸氢二钾。
作为螯合剂也无特定的限制,具体可举例如乙二胺四醋酸或者其盐、氨三乙酸或者其盐、柠檬酸或其盐、羟乙磷酸、L-天冬氨酸二醋酸、L-谷氨酸二醋酸、三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠等,较好为乙二胺四醋酸或者其盐、氨三乙酸或者其盐、六偏磷酸钠。
作为本发明的果胶分解酶,较好为使用原果胶酶。原果胶酶是具有将植物组织中存在的不溶性原果胶游离为水溶性果胶的活性的酶的总称。本发明中,作为果胶分解酶,可使用含有或产生该酶的微生物或者其处理物。也可使用市售品。作为本发明中用到的可产生果胶分解酶的微生物,可具体举例如下。
1.作为酵母的微生物可举例如下。作为属于丝孢酵母属微生物的帚状丝孢酵母,作为内孢霉属微生物的Engomycesgeotrichum、林德纳内孢霉;作为拟内孢霉属微生物的荚孢拟内孢霉、Endomycopsis vernalis;作为酵母属微生物的葡萄汁酵母、拜耳酵母、德尔布酵母、发酵性酵母;作为裂殖酵母属微生物的八孢裂殖酵母;作为毕赤酵母属微生物的东方毕赤酵母、多形毕赤酵母、粉状毕赤酵母;作为汉逊酵母属微生物的土星汉逊酵母、小汉逊酵母;作为德巴利酵母属微生物的汉逊德巴利酵母、Debaryomyces castellii;作为有孢汉逊酵母属微生物的法尔波有孢汉逊酵母、葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母;作为球拟酵母属微生物的圆球拟酵母、松球拟酵母;作为假丝酵母微生物的克鲁斯假丝酵母、团假丝酵母、马其顿假丝酵母;以及克鲁维酵母属微生物的脆壁克鲁维酵母、乳酸克鲁维酵母、马克斯克鲁维酵母、果蝇克鲁维酵母、以及这些微生物的类似微生物和变异株,可举例如帚状丝孢酵母SNO-3ATCC42397、克鲁斯假丝酵母IFO 0013、团假丝酵母IFO 1353、马其顿假丝酵母AKU4587、汉逊德巴利酵母IFO 0794、Debaryomyces castellii IFO 1359、Engomycesgeotrichum IFO 9541、林德纳内孢霉AKU 4206、法尔波有孢汉逊酵母IFO 0115、葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母IFO 1413、土星汉逊酵母IFO 0117、小汉逊酵母IFO 0975、脆壁克鲁维酵母IFO 0288、乳酸克鲁维酵母IFO 1090、马克斯克鲁维酵母IFO 0277、果蝇克鲁维酵母IFO 1012、东方毕赤酵母IFO 1279、多形毕赤酵母AKU 4250、粉状毕赤酵母AUK 4251、葡萄汁酵母IFO 0565、拜耳酵母IFO1047、德尔布酵母IFO 0285、发酵性酵母IFO 0422、八孢裂殖酵母IFO 0353、圆球拟酵母IFO 0648、松球拟酵母IFO 0741、荚孢拟内孢霉IFO 0672、以及Endomycopsis vernalis AKU 4210;
2.作为芽孢杆菌属微生物可举例如下。枯草芽孢杆菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、环状芽孢杆菌、凝固芽孢杆菌、坚强芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、软化芽孢杆菌,以及这些菌株的类似菌和变异株,可举例如枯草芽孢杆菌IFO 3108,3134,3336,3513,12112,12113,12210,13719,13721,14117以及14140、解淀粉芽孢杆菌IFO 14141、蜡状芽孢杆菌IFO 3002以及3132、环状芽孢杆菌IFO 13632、凝固芽孢杆菌IFO 12583、坚强芽孢杆菌IFO 3330、地衣芽孢杆菌IFO 14206、短小芽孢杆菌IFO 12087以及软化芽孢杆菌IFO 3490。
3.作为丝状菌的微生物可举例如下。Galactoomyces reessiiL、米曲霉、酱油曲霉、米根霉、血红栓菌、东方栓菌、白栓菌、Trametes cubensis、朱红栓菌、偏肿栓菌、草野栓菌、狭檐栓菌、以及这些菌株的类似菌和变异株,可举例如GalactoomycesreessiiL IAM 129、血红栓菌IFO 6490,6491、东方栓菌IFO 6483,6484、白栓菌IFO 6434,6510、Trametes cubensis IFO 9285、偏肿栓菌IFO 4946、草野栓菌IFO6264、狭檐栓菌IFO 9286、米曲霉IFO 4277、酱油曲霉IFO 4200、以及米根霉IFO4734。
上述果胶分解酶产生菌中较好的是马克斯克鲁维酵母(IFO 0277)、脆壁克鲁维酵母(IFO 0288)、帚状丝孢酵母SNO-3(ATCC 42397)、Galactoomyces reessiiL(IAM 129)、枯草芽孢杆菌(IFO 3134)或者血红栓霉(IFO 6490)。
本发明中用到的酶是通过常法培养处理上述微生物得到的。这种培养条件根据使用的微生物不一定一致,要选择适宜条件尽量使酶的产量最大。培养中使用的培养基无特定的限制,可使用添加了通常培养用的各种营养物质的任一培养基。常用的培养基中可加入淀粉、蛋白胨、酪蛋白水解物、酵母提取物、葡萄糖或者根据情况加入适当的磷酸盐、镁盐、钾盐等无机盐类。另外,也可添加小麦麦麸、大豆粉等营养源。
在这些培养基中,微生物的培养条件要使目标酶的生产量最大适当选择,通常在约20~37℃,通常培养约10~50小时。培养在振荡、静置、通气搅拌或者团体培养均可。
如上述所得培养液中,可直接将果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛在其中浸泡处理,以使用培养液经离心分离、过滤、透析等将菌体等固体成分全部或者部分除去所得的酶液为宜。另外可使用这种酶液再经通常的方法,例如柱层析等精制所得的酶液经稀释达到合适浓度的酶液。另外可在酶液中添加促进果胶分解的物质,例如无机盐、表面活性剂等。
在果胶纤维素纤维中除纤维素之外,还含有蜡、果胶以及蛋白质等所谓杂质,妨碍果胶纤维素纤维的亲水性。因此,可采取所谓精练,例如,将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛与碱一起,在一般以表面活性剂为主要成分的精练助剂混合液中浸泡,并在高温下处理(约90℃以上),通过这样的处理将果胶纤维素纤维中含有的杂质完全除去后,供于实用。
本发明其特征在于,着眼于占果胶纤维素纤维中所含杂质的大半果胶为酸性多糖体,其反应性高,因而不是将果胶纤维素纤维中所含果胶完全除去,而是在不损害果胶纤维素纤维的亲水性的条件下,将果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,使果胶中生成具有离子结合能力的活性基团。
将果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理后,可如要求那样用蒸馏水洗涤,也可用酸洗涤。然后干燥,得到处理后的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛(带有具有离子结合能力的活性基团的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛)。作为用酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂中任一种处理的处理条件,为了便于处理,这些化合物的浓度通常为约0.01~100mM,较好为约0.1~50mM,处理温度通常为约5~40℃,较好为约15~25℃,处理时间通常为约0.1~5小时,较好为约1~2小时。果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛用果胶分解酶处理时,可将果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛直接浸泡在上述所得果胶分解酶的培养液中处理,较好为使用果胶分解酶的培养液经离心分离、过滤、透析等方法除去全部或者一部分菌体等固体成分所得的果胶分解酶液。另外也可使用经通常方法,例如柱层析等精制所得果胶分解酶稀释到合适浓度所得的果胶分解酶液。果胶分解酶液中可添加促进果胶分解的物质、上述盐(较好为无机盐),例如阳离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂或者非离子表面活性剂等。果胶分解酶的添加浓度通常为约1~5000单位/mL(水溶液)、较好为约1000~3000单位/mL(水溶液)。其中,果胶分解酶1单位定义为,分解柠檬皮中白色层,1小时能使相当于1μmol半乳糖醛酸的果胶游离的酶量。作为用果胶分解酶处理果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛的处理条件,处理时间通常为约0.5~24小时,较好为约2~10小时,果胶分解酶水溶液的pH通常为约5~10,浸泡处理温度通常为约30~55℃,较好为约30~40℃。为调整pH,可使用作为水溶液的磷酸缓冲液等缓冲液。
使上述方法所得处理过的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛(带有具有离子结合能力的活性基团的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛)负载抗菌剂。作为抗菌剂可是无机抗菌剂、有机抗菌剂的任一种。
作为无机抗菌剂,可举例具体如银溴或者碘络盐、或者银、铜、锌、铂、镍、钴、铬、钛等金属离子、或者这些金属的氧化物、氢氧化物等金属化合物等。较好为银的金属离子。可单独使用这些无机抗菌剂的1种,也可将多种组合使用。
作为有机抗菌剂,可举例具体如季铵、噻苯哒唑、バイアジン或者如甲壳质、壳聚糖等聚阳离子。较好为季铵、壳聚糖。可单独使用这些有机抗菌剂的1种,也可将多种组合使用。
用抗菌剂处理果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛时,作为处理条件,抗菌剂的浓度通常为0.1~100mM,以约1~30mM为宜,处理温度通常为5~40℃,较好为约15~25℃,处理时间通常为0.1~5小时,较好为约1~2小时。
本发明中使用负载抗菌剂的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维制造布帛的制造方法,无特定限制,使用公知方法即可。负载抗菌剂的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维可经例如平纹编织、缎纹编织、斜纹编织、横纹编织、纱罗编织、方平编织等得到织物。另外负载抗菌剂的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维可经例如平纹编织、罗纹编织或者双反面编织等横纹编织、单梳栉经平编织或者单梳栉经平编织等直条编织,或者花边编织得到织物。另外,利用不负载抗菌剂的果胶纤维素纤维制造布帛,也可利用本发明在布帛上负载抗菌剂。这种情况同样,布帛的制造方法也无特定限制,使用公知方法即可。作为布帛可例举如上述。
按照如上述方法得到的本发明的负载抗菌剂的果胶纤维素纤维、果胶纤维素布帛,可用于各种用途的纤维制品。此外,本发明的果胶纤维素还可提供作为抗菌性纤维素原料。
作为本发明的纤维制品,可举例如衣类;手帕、妇女装饰用品、缎带类、毛巾、抹布、揩布(擦皮鞋、擦床、擦眼镜等)或者布帘等家用杂货;毛毯、被罩、床单、枕罩、垫子或者坐垫等床上用品;地毯、窗帘或者壁纸等家具·室内用品;纱布帛、口罩或者帽子等医疗材料;手工艺西装裁缝用材料等消遣用品等。本发明的纤维制品可只由本发明的负载抗菌剂的果胶纤维素纤维布帛构成,也可只在纤维制品中的一部分使用。另外,本发明的纤维制品,也可只由本发明的负载抗菌剂的果胶纤维素纤维构成。
实施例
以下,以实施例为基础,更具体的说明本发明,但本发明并不限定于此
〔实施例1〕
未精练的做浴衣的棉布料(棉原产地:巴基斯坦,使用棉线支数:20支(纵横一样),编织样式:平纹编制,样品大小:宽8cm×长8cm,质量:0.68g)在果胶分解酶水溶液中处理(这种处理称为生物精练)。即上述样品在含有果胶分解酶3000单位/mL(水溶液)、表面活性剂(ウオミンTE,東海製油株式会社製)0.1质量%的溶液中室温下浸泡2小时(以下,这种处理后的物品称为生物精练布)。
将这种生物精练布充分水洗后,干燥(以下这种布称为生物化布)。将这种离子化布投入50mL蒸馏水中,搅拌后,测定蒸馏水的pH值为5.2。从蒸馏水中取出离子化布放入玻璃容器中,一边加入硝酸银溶液至最终浓度为10mM一边搅拌,在室温下反应1小时。将如此经硝酸银溶液处理的离子化布(以下称为银处理布)从溶液中取出,充分拧干除去溶液后,用蒸馏水充分洗净。此蒸馏水形成的洗净水的pH与上述测定的pH(5.2)的差,由pH=-logH+计算布上结合的银离子量,结果本发明的银处理布上结合约6毫摩尔的银离子。用上述果胶定量方法测定生物精制布的棉纤维中果胶的含量,结果果胶的含量相对于棉纤维为3.4质量%。
另外,作为对照,上述未精练的棉浴衣布料(棉原产地:巴基斯坦,使用棉线支数:20支(纵横一样),编织样式:平纹编制,样品大小:宽8cm×长8cm,质量:0.68g)经在1N氢氧化钠溶液中于90℃加热处理1小时制成的布(以下,称为化学精练布)。对这种化学精练布实施与生物精练布实施的硝酸银溶液同样的处理(称为对照银处理布)。如本发明的银处理布的情况一样,从计算所得的对照银处理布中银离子量的结果,未确认在对照银处理布中有银离子结合。另外,用上述果胶定量方法测定化学精练布的棉纤维中果胶的含量,结果相对于棉纤维,果胶的含量为0质量%。
另外,用荧光X线测定装置(株式会社岛津制作所制)测定本发明的银处理布以及对照银处理布中银离子的结合量,结果分别为6.5毫摩尔、1毫摩尔以下。
为评价本发明的银处理布和对照银处理布的抗菌性,采用以下方法。即添加铜绿假单胞菌的两个培养基(含有2质量%的葡萄糖、0.5质量%的蛋白胨、0.5质量%的酵母提取物的培养基(以下称为GYP培养基)各5mL中,分别投入上述制成的本发明的银处理布以及对照银处理布样品(各样品大小为:2.5cm×2.5cm、各样品的质量为:0.08g),培养铜绿假单胞菌(作为培养条件,温度:30℃、培养时间:24小时)。分别培养均结束后,抽取各培养液1mL,用蒸馏水分别稀释5倍。再测定各自的吸光度(660nm时),将各自的吸光度值作为各自的抗菌性指标。本发明的银处理布以及对照银处理布的吸光度测定结果示于表1。由表1可知,在培养基中添加本发明的银处理布时,吸光度值很小不能确定有铜绿假单胞菌的生长,确认本发明的银处理布有抗菌性。另外,对于对照银处理布,吸光度大,可见铜绿假单胞菌增殖,因此未见其抗菌效果,由此证明了本发明的银处理布的优势。
接下来,为评价抗菌性的稳定性,观察本发明的银处理布经反复水洗后抗菌性的变化。即,如上述将本发明的银处理布投入上述铜绿假单胞菌培养基中,经上述培养条件培养后,取出本发明的银处理布,在100mL蒸馏水中洗涤1小时后,再将其投入新准备的铜绿假单胞菌的培养基中,经上述培养条件培养后,与上述同样再次测定培养液的吸光度。将这一系列的操作反复5次。结果示于表2。由表2可知,如本发明的银处理布经5次水洗后的吸光度值所示,其抗菌性没有减退,而是稳定。
〔表1〕
660nm的吸光度 | |
银处理布(本发明) | 0.069 |
对比银处理布 | 2.905 |
*)用分光光度计在660nm测定吸光度,判断铜绿假单胞菌的增殖程度(以下相同)。
〔表2〕水洗对银处理布抗菌性的影响
水洗次数 | 660nm的吸光度 |
0 | 0.069 |
1 | 0.064 |
2 | 0.068 |
3 | 0.061 |
4 | 0.069 |
5 | 0.064 |
〔实施例2〕
将与实施例1同样的未精练的棉浴衣布料(棉原产地:巴基斯坦,使用棉线支数:20支(纵横一样),编织样式:平纹编制,样品大小:宽8cm×长8cm,质量:0.68g)在添加有表面活性剂(ウオミンTE,東海製油株式会社製)0.1质量%的0.5M六偏磷酸钠溶液中浸泡,并时时搅拌,在80℃加热处理1小时。再将其充分水洗干燥后,与实施例1同样用硝酸银处理。与实施例1中记载的方法同样通过pH差的方法计算出如上述经硝酸银处理的上述样品中的银离子量,结果为结合7毫摩尔的银离子。另外,用上述果胶定量方法测定在0.5M六偏磷酸钠溶液中处理的上述棉织物的棉纤维中的果胶含量,结果果胶含量相对于棉纤维为6.4质量%。
〔实施例3〕
将与实施例1同样的未精练的棉浴衣布料(棉原产地:巴基斯坦,使用棉线支数:20支(纵横一样),编织样式:平纹编制,样品大小:宽8cm×长8cm,质量:0.68g)在添加有表面活性剂(ウオミンTE,東海製油株式会社製)0.1质量%的0.02M磷酸氢二钾溶液中浸泡,并时时搅拌,在80℃加热处理1小时。再将其充分水洗干燥后,与实施例1同样用硝酸银处理。与实施例1中记载的方法同样通过pH差的方法计算出如上述经硝酸银处理的上述样品中的银离子量,结果为结合10毫摩尔的银离子。另外,用上述果胶定量方法测定在0.02M磷酸氢二钾溶液中处理的上述棉织物的棉纤维中的果胶含量,结果果胶含量相对于棉纤维为5.9质量%。
〔实施例4〕
将与实施例3同样经硝酸银处理的样品0.6g用100mL蒸馏水边搅拌边反复洗涤,与实施例1同样进行抗菌性稳定性的评价,洗涤至少5次时未确认其抗菌性减弱(表3)。
〔表3〕水洗对抗菌性的影响
水洗次数 | 660nm的吸光度 |
0 | 0.071 |
1 | 0.066 |
2 | 0.067 |
3 | 0.061 |
4 | 0.070 |
5 | 0.060 |
〔实施例5〕
将与实施例3同样经硝酸银处理的样品0.6g不以蒸馏水洗涤1小时,而在0.1%的玉の肌石鹸株式会社製プアベ一ス洗食器的0.1质量%的皂碱液(弱碱性,含有纯肥皂28%)100mL中,于80℃反复洗涤1小时。其他与实施例4同样进行抗菌性稳定性的评价,洗涤至少5次时未确认其抗菌性减弱(表4)。
〔表4〕洗涤对抗菌性的影响
洗涤次数 | 660nm的吸光度 |
对照(银处理前) | 2.812 |
0 | 0.108 |
1 | 0.134 |
2 | 0.122 |
3 | 0.110 |
4 | 0.133 |
5 | 0.125 |
〔实施例6〕
使用硫酸铜代替硝酸银,棉编织物(使用棉丝:20支、编织形式:平针、样品大小:纵×横8cm×8cm)代替未精练的棉浴衣布料,其他根据与实施例1同样的处理方法,将棉编织物用硫酸铜处理,与实施例1记载的同样根据pH差的方法计算铜离子的量,确认棉编织物中含有10毫摩尔的铜离子。另外,用上述果胶定量方法测定与实施例1同样经生物精练的上述棉织物的棉纤维中果胶的含量,结果果胶含量相对于棉纤维为3.1质量%。
〔实施例7〕
使用壳聚糖(壳聚糖10B、フナコシ株式会社製)代替硫酸铜,其他同实施例6相同处理。确认棉织物中结合有相当于5毫摩尔葡糖胺的壳聚糖(エルソン一モルガン法测定壳聚糖)。用上述果胶定量方法测定与实施例1同样经生物精练的上述棉织物的棉纤维中果胶的含量,结果果胶的含量相对于棉纤维为3.2质量%。
〔实施例8〕
使用20支的棉线(巴基斯坦棉)1g代替棉浴衣布料,其他与实施例3同样处理。与实施例1记载的同样根据pH差的方法计算银离子的量,结果确认20支的棉线中有6毫摩尔的银离子结合。另外,用上述果胶定量方法测定与实施例3同样经0.02M磷酸氢二钾溶液处理的上述棉线中果胶的含量,结果果胶含量相对于棉线为6.0质量%。
产业利用的可能性
本发明,如上,抗菌剂被牢固的负载到果胶纤维素纤维上,抗菌剂稳定持久的结合到果胶纤维素纤维上,不会因洗濯轻易从果胶纤维素纤维上脱离。
由此,可作为抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维、作为抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维布帛利用,所以可应用于各种纤维制品,可举例如衣类;手帕、妇女装饰用品、缎带类、毛巾、抹布、揩布(擦皮鞋、擦床、擦眼镜等)或者布帘等家用杂货:毛毯、床单、床罩、枕罩、垫子或者坐垫等床上用品;地毯、窗帘或者壁纸等家具·室内用品;纱布、口罩或者帽子等医疗材料;手工艺西装裁缝用材料等消遣用品等。另外,还可作为抗菌性纤维素纤维本身利用。
Claims (13)
1.抗菌性果胶纤维素,其特征在于,含有果胶纤维素,该果胶纤维素中含有的果胶中结合有无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的抗菌性果胶纤维素,其特征还在于,前述果胶纤维素中所含的果胶中的具有离子结合能的活性基团上通过离子键,结合有离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂。
3.如权利要求1所述的抗菌性果胶纤维素,其特征还在于,前述无机抗菌剂为银、铜或钛或者含有这些金属的金属化合物,前述有机抗菌剂为季铵、甲壳质或者壳聚糖。
4.如权利要求1所述的抗菌性果胶纤维素,其特征还在于,前述果胶纤维素由含有楮、三桠的日本纸、棉、麻、人造丝、洋麻以及选自这些原料中的素材构成。
5.抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维,其特征在于,由权利要求1所述的抗菌性果胶纤维素构成。
6.纤维制品,其特征在于,含有权利要求5所述的抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维。
7.如权利要求6所述的纤维制品,其特征还在于,前述纤维制品单独含有前述抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者含有其与其他纤维的混合或者复合物。
8.抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛,其特征在于,上述果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使该果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,并使经过处理的果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛中负载有离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂。
9.如权利要求8所述的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛,其特征还在于,前述果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛由棉或者麻构成。
10.如权利要求8所述的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛,其特征还在于,前述酸为磷酸、硫酸或者醋酸,前述碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或者氢氧化钙,前述盐为这些酸与这些碱形成的盐,前述螯合剂为乙二胺四醋酸或者氨三乙酸。
11.如权利要求8所述的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛,其特征还在于,前述无机抗菌剂为银,铜或钛或者含有这些金属的金属化合物,前述有机抗菌剂为季铵、甲壳质或者壳聚糖。
12.抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛的制造方法,其特征在于,果胶纤维素纤维或果胶纤维素纤维布帛经选自酸、碱、它们的盐、螯合剂以及果胶分解酶的至少一种化学物质处理,使该果胶纤维素纤维中果胶的含量减少到处理之前的1~80质量%,并使经过处理的果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛中负载离子性无机化合物抗菌剂或者有机化合物抗菌剂,成为抗菌性果胶纤维素纤维或者果胶纤维素纤维布帛。
13.纤维制品,其特征在于,由权利要求8所述的果胶纤维素纤维制成。
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Cited By (4)
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CN105887244A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州宇希新材料科技有限公司 | 一种石墨烯纤维 |
CN106120333A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州宇希新材料科技有限公司 | 一种石墨烯/亚麻复合纤维的制备方法 |
CN106120024A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州宇希新材料科技有限公司 | 一种石墨烯纤维的制备方法 |
CN107075555A (zh) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-08-18 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 金属离子的生物利用度 |
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DE102006056977B3 (de) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-05-08 | Smart Fiber Ag | Verwendung eines textilen mikrobioziden Speichers |
JP5474645B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | 二平 村上 | マスク用フィルタ材及びマスク |
US8592575B2 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2013-11-26 | Cp Kelco Aps | Process for extraction of pectin |
WO2015015606A1 (ja) * | 2013-07-31 | 2015-02-05 | Igaバイオリサーチ株式会社 | 繊維の精練方法 |
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US3079213A (en) * | 1958-06-02 | 1963-02-26 | Yardney International Corp | Antimicrobial treatment of organic materials and composition therefor |
US3061469A (en) * | 1959-11-05 | 1962-10-30 | Givaudan Corp | Antibacterial textile fabrics |
JPS54160900A (en) * | 1978-06-02 | 1979-12-19 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | Production of fiber with sterilizing property |
US4820520A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1989-04-11 | Asama Chemical Co., Ltd. | Antiseptic agent for food and drink and method of antiseptic treatment thereof |
JPS57163477A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-07 | Asama Kasei Kk | Preservative for food and drink and preserving method thereof (1) |
JPS57163478A (en) * | 1981-03-31 | 1982-10-07 | Asama Kasei Kk | Preservative for food and drink and preserving method thereof (2) |
JPS58220877A (ja) * | 1982-06-14 | 1983-12-22 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | 殺菌性セルロ−ス繊維 |
ATE333529T1 (de) * | 1998-04-03 | 2006-08-15 | Novozymes As | Behandlung von denimgewebe mit einem pektolytischen enzym |
US6042877A (en) * | 1998-07-28 | 2000-03-28 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Method for the manufacture of anti-microbial articles |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107075555A (zh) * | 2014-09-24 | 2017-08-18 | 高露洁-棕榄公司 | 金属离子的生物利用度 |
CN105887244A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-08-24 | 苏州宇希新材料科技有限公司 | 一种石墨烯纤维 |
CN106120333A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州宇希新材料科技有限公司 | 一种石墨烯/亚麻复合纤维的制备方法 |
CN106120024A (zh) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 苏州宇希新材料科技有限公司 | 一种石墨烯纤维的制备方法 |
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