CN1753770A - 带有旋转阀的加工可熔材料用注射装置 - Google Patents

带有旋转阀的加工可熔材料用注射装置 Download PDF

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CN1753770A
CN1753770A CNA200480004897XA CN200480004897A CN1753770A CN 1753770 A CN1753770 A CN 1753770A CN A200480004897X A CNA200480004897X A CN A200480004897XA CN 200480004897 A CN200480004897 A CN 200480004897A CN 1753770 A CN1753770 A CN 1753770A
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passage
feeding
hollow shaft
channel
die cavity
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格哈德·埃德勒
汉斯－约阿西姆·凯姆
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Merck Patent GmbH
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Merck Patent GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0082—Reciprocating the moulding material inside the mould cavity, e.g. push-pull injection moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/22—Dies; Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies
    • B22D17/2272—Sprue channels
    • B22D17/2281—Sprue channels closure devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/2701—Details not specific to hot or cold runner channels
    • B29C45/2703—Means for controlling the runner flow, e.g. runner switches, adjustable runners or gates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/24—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by injection moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0025—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks
    • B29C2045/0039—Preventing defects on the moulded article, e.g. weld lines, shrinkage marks intermixing the injected material front at the weld line, e.g. by applying vibrations to the melt front
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/26—Moulds
    • B29C45/27—Sprue channels ; Runner channels or runner nozzles
    • B29C45/28—Closure devices therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

本发明基于一种用于加工可熔材料例如热塑性材料、陶瓷或金属材料等的注射装置，其中至少两个熔体流按一个随时间变换的顺序经由一个通道系统供给到一个或多个型腔中。根据本发明，为每个通道系统只设置一个旋转的阀元件，所述通道系统通向所述型腔并且由至少两个进料通道(6；7)组成。所述阀元件由一个空心轴(11)组成，其连接到所述熔融材料的排流通道(20)，并且在通向所述型腔的进料通道(6；7)的平面上设有至少一个沿径向向外延伸且同样连接到所述排流通道(20)的分配通道(21)。

Description

带有旋转阀的加工可熔材料用注射装置
技术领域
本发明是基于一种如独立权利要求所述的用于加工可熔材料例如热塑性的、陶瓷或金属合成物等等的设备的注射装置。
背景技术
这种类型的加工设备是已知的，例如作为用于塑料加工设备领域的注塑或可选择地挤出设备以及作为用于陶瓷和金属合成物的注塑设备。在这种模塑生产的原理中，相应于待制造的模制件形成的型腔被注满熔融材料。在这里，注射装置是热通道的一部分，熔融材料在高压或低压下以加工相关材料所必需的温度输送穿过该通道并通过喷嘴进入型腔。为了确保高的产品质量，即整个模制件的足够的强度和光学均匀性，必须在流水线上实现熔体流的紧密地混合，即在模制件中的位置，在该位置先前分开的熔体流再次汇合。为此，已经知道将各熔融材料股至少部分地置于振动或脉动中，使得熔融材料由于振动差而穿过流水线的区域，并且使得流水线在熔融材料股结合的位置处彼此紧密结合在一起(DE100 52 841 A1)。该公开文本还描述了一种塑料加工设备，其带有注塑机、一个具有用于注塑的型腔的注塑工具以及至少两个喷射阀，每个喷射阀都带有一个控制机构，用于通入型腔中的相应的喷嘴。所述两个阀能够由所述控制机构打开和关闭，与注射压力无关，并且各个阀的控制机构彼此同步。所述阀的最简单的形式是一种具有设置在其外表面上倾斜的凹槽的阀针。但是，如同所述的那样，从功能性观点上看，旋转滑动件连同滚珠轴承以及T形控制槽道一起使用是比较有利的。这些方案的缺点在于，这样的注射装置要求相对高的复杂性。终究在注射装置中占据高达3000bar的压力。旋转阀针或者旋转滑动件必须相对于外壳被密封，这转而使得注射装置比较昂贵。此外，同步的复杂性，它在所有的情况中需要一个齿轮箱。对于这个设计的空间要求也是不利的。热通道中的空间容积有限。最后，应该提到的是绝热的复杂性，在每一种情况下，都要进行用于两个转动部件的绝热。
发明内容
根据本发明的具有独立权利要求所述特征的注射装置，降低了在每个型腔仅提供一个旋转部件的通道系统上的密封、绝热以及驱动的复杂性。此外，两个阀针或者为同一型腔提供熔融材料的旋转滑动件的旋转的同步性不是必需的。这已经由这样的一种设计实现，在该设计中，熔融材料直接进入一个转动的空心轴，并且从此处穿过至少一个径向向外延伸的分配通道进到通入型腔中的喷嘴中。这意味着，为每个相应的熔融材料股，也就是为各个形成一个通道系统并且在同一个型腔中再次结合的熔融材料股只设置一个旋转的阀元件，即空心轴。因此，所述空心轴具有两个任务，也就是说，将熔融流输送到至少两个通道，以及阻断熔融流以便产生脉动。当然还可以考虑由一个空心轴供给多个通道系统。在这里，通道系统是给一个还是给多个型腔提供熔融材料是不重要的。
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，空心轴具有两个分配通道，这两个分配通道径向向外延伸并且不以和要给它们供给熔融材料的进料通道相同的角度彼此地设置。例如，如果将两个通道设置成精确地彼此相对，两个分配通道之间的角度不得是180°，以便根据时间相继填充两个通道。设置一个以上的分配通道有这样的优点，即，可以在不改变空心轴的转动速度的情况下增加脉动频率。
根据本发明的另一个优选实施例，分配通道设置在空心轴的彼此重叠设置的水平面上，即使这些通道彼此重叠地设置。
本发明的进一步的优点和优选实施例通过下面示例性的说明、附图以及权利要求书予以揭示。
附图说明
图1示出一个注射装置在反向安装位置上的横截面图。
具体实施方式
本发明的一个示例性的实施例在图1中示出，并且在下面进行更为详细的描述。该图示出一个注射装置在反向安装位置上的横截面图，其在喷嘴侧用作为注塑机的紧固板。它由紧固板1和中间板2组成，二者借助导柱3和有头螺钉4彼此牢固地相互连接。注射装置借助于隔热板5与注塑机的相邻各部件绝热。在本描述中，型腔(不进行更为详细的描述)邻接在中间板2的下方，两个进料通道6和7通到所述型腔。一个加热块8位于中间板2的内部，该加热块8由加热元件(Heizpatrone)9和10保持在熔点上。注射装置的中心构成部分是一个空心轴11，其借助于一个磨损套筒12和一个轴承环13在加热块8中引导。在紧固板1的区域中，一个链轮14通过一种舌榫接合以旋转固定的方式连接到空心轴11上。空心轴11和紧固板1中的链轮14的支承借助于一个支承板15和深沟球轴承16进行。空心轴11具有一个另外的导向，在从紧固板1到中间板2的过渡区域内穿过一个导向套17、一个支承环18和一个磨损环19。空心轴11的空腔连接到注塑机的排流通道(Druckkanal)上，以便熔融材料进入该排流通道中。在本部分的描述中，这由排流通道20表示，在短的轴向导引之后，其变成一个径向分配通道21。
本发明的作用方式将在下面更为具体地进行说明。在本实例中，链轮14以及因此还有空心轴11借助齿轮电动机(未示出)的链条(同样未示出)被驱动。这样，空心轴11的分配通道21交替地将进料通道6和7连接到排流通道20，从而熔体流被分割成两个部分熔体流，以脉动的方式进入型腔。因此，空心轴11具有双重作用，也就是说，在至少两个进料通道上分配熔融材料以及产生脉动。在本实例中，空心轴11仅具有一个径向分配通道21，即在空心轴11的转动过程中，每个进料通道6和7也只是连接到排流通道20一次。进料通道6、7的脉动频率因此与空心轴11的转动速度相对应，同时压力脉动总是按180°相位移动。如果在一个平面中设置一个以上的分配通道21，这些通道必须总是彼此处于一个与定位于该平面中的进料通道6、7不同的角度，即必须确保，只要一个进料通道6、7刚刚连接到排流通道20，另一个进料通道就由空心轴11的外表面封闭。
在本说明书、后面的权利要求书以及附图中给出的所有特征单独地和任意相互组合地都对本发明是重要的。
附图标记列表
1紧固板
2中间板
3导柱
4有头螺钉
5隔热板
6进料通道
7进料通道
8加热块
9加热元件
10加热元件
11空心轴
12磨损套筒
13轴承环
14链轮
15支承板
16深沟球轴承
17导向套
18支承环
19磨损环
20排流通道
21分配通道

Claims (3)

1.一种用于加工可熔材料的注射装置，其中至少两个熔体流按一个随时间变换的顺序经由一个通道系统供给到一个或多个型腔中，其中，通过暂时打开和关闭通向所述型腔的进料通道(6；7)而实现所述熔体流的供给随时间的变换，以及，作为用于暂时打开和关闭旋转的阀元件的装置，所述进料通道(6；7)彼此相继交替地连接到熔融材料的排流通道(20)，其特征在于，为每个通道系统只设置一个阀元件，所述通道系统通向所述型腔并且由至少两个进料通道(6；7)组成，并且所述阀元件由一个空心轴(11)组成，该空心轴连接到所述熔融材料的排流通道(20)上，并且在通向所述型腔的进料通道(6；7)的平面上具有至少一个沿径向向外延伸且同样连接到所述排流通道(20)的分配通道(21)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的注射装置，其特征在于，所述空心轴(11)具有两个分配通道(21)，这两个分配通道沿径向向外延伸并且不以和要给它们提供熔融材料的进料通道(6；7)相同的角度彼此地设置。
3.根据权利要求2所述的注射装置，其特征在于，所述沿径向向外延伸的分配通道(21)处在所述空心轴(11)中的不同平面内。
CNA200480004897XA 2003-02-22 2004-01-28 带有旋转阀的加工可熔材料用注射装置 Pending CN1753770A (zh)

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DE10307616.6 2003-02-22
DE10307616A DE10307616A1 (de) 2003-02-22 2003-02-22 Spritzeinheit zur Verarbeitung schmelzbarer Materialien

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US (1) US20060134253A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1594669B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2006520702A (zh)
KR (1) KR20050103501A (zh)
CN (1) CN1753770A (zh)
AT (1) ATE431775T1 (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0407716A (zh)
CZ (1) CZ2005602A3 (zh)
DE (2) DE10307616A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW200418627A (zh)
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EP1594669B1 (de) 2009-05-20
JP2006520702A (ja) 2006-09-14
KR20050103501A (ko) 2005-10-31
CZ2005602A3 (cs) 2005-12-14
ATE431775T1 (de) 2009-06-15
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DE10307616A1 (de) 2004-09-02
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