CN1750833A - 用于正常化睡眠/觉醒周期的化合物 - Google Patents
用于正常化睡眠/觉醒周期的化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1750833A CN1750833A CNA2003801098191A CN200380109819A CN1750833A CN 1750833 A CN1750833 A CN 1750833A CN A2003801098191 A CNA2003801098191 A CN A2003801098191A CN 200380109819 A CN200380109819 A CN 200380109819A CN 1750833 A CN1750833 A CN 1750833A
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- chemical compound
- sleep
- cytidine
- adenosine
- compound
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Abstract
本发明提供一种正常化哺乳动物睡眠/觉醒周期的方法,通过给予哺乳动物治疗有效量的含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含肌酸、含肌酸、含腺苷或增加腺苷的化合物。照在此所述的方法可以增加白天的觉醒,减少疲倦或疲劳,以及改善睡眠质量。本发明的方法还可以用于治疗睡眠障碍,例如失眠、睡眠窒息、周期性肢体运动、多动腿综合征、发作性睡病和成问题的睡意,或在睡眠剥夺个体中用于增加认知功能。在此所述的方法中,胞磷胆碱是一种示范性的化合物。
Description
发明背景
本发明涉及正常化睡眠/觉醒周期以及治疗睡眠障碍的方法。
睡眠障碍,如睡眠窒息、失眠、发作性睡病、多动腿综合征、周期性肢体运动和成问题的睡意(problem sleepiness)对所有年龄组中的许多人产生影响。此外,当使用或滥用某些化合物时,可能打断健康的睡眠模式。这些化合物包括兴奋药,例如咖啡因和可卡因,以及镇静剂,例如酒精。睡眠障碍患者可能遭受集中或保持觉醒的问题,这将可能防碍他们的工作和社交活动并且限制患者驾驶汽车或操作其它机器的能力。睡眠不足还可能减弱免疫系统或改变其它正常的身体功能,其反过来可能导致其它的病症或疾病。
因此,对所有人群包括老年人和儿童进行合适的药物治疗,以使他们睡眠/觉醒周期正常化以及对睡眠障碍进行治疗,这将是非常有益的。
发明概述
一般地,本发明的特征在于:通过给予哺乳动物治疗有效量的含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含肌酸、含尿苷、含腺苷或增加腺苷的化合物,提供使哺乳动物的睡眠/觉醒周期正常化的方法。该方法例如可以用于减少疲劳或疲倦,增加白天的觉醒,或改善哺乳动物的睡眠质量。
在一个有关的方面,本发明的特征在于:通过给予哺乳动物治疗有效量的含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含肌酸、含尿苷、含腺苷或增加腺苷的化合物,提供治疗睡眠障碍的方法。示例性的睡眠障碍包括失眠、构造性或阻塞性睡眠窒息、多动腿综合征、周期性肢体运动、成问题的睡意或发作性睡病。患睡眠障碍的哺乳动物还可能患有物质滥用疾病,例如酒精、咖啡因或可卡因依赖性或惯用。
本发明的进一步特征在于:通过给予患有睡眠剥夺的哺乳动物治疗有效量的含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含肌酸、含尿苷、含腺苷或增加腺苷的化合物,提供增加哺乳动物认知功能的方法。
本发明的任何含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含肌酸、含尿苷、含腺苷或增加腺苷的化合物可以单独或与其它物质结合施用。在优选实施方案中,所述的含胞苷化合物是胞苷、CDP或CDP-胆碱;所述的含胞苷化合物包括胆碱;所述的哺乳动物是儿童、青少年、成年人或老年人。在其它优选实施方案中,口服给予该CDP-胆碱,并且给药是长期的,例如在1、2、3、4、5、6、7、14、21、30、60、90或180天或甚至超过1年的时间内接受治疗。
在其它优选实施方案中,还给予该哺乳动物脑磷脂(例如卵磷脂)或脑磷脂前体(例如,脂肪酸或类脂)。在其它优选实施方案中,还给予该哺乳动物抗抑郁药。
术语″睡眠障碍″是指影响睡眠模式的质量、持续时间或定时的疾病。
术语″睡眠/觉醒周期″是指对象是睡着的周期和对象是醒的周期。正常的睡眠/觉醒周期包括在晚上睡眠和在白天觉醒,不过其它的睡眠/觉醒周期也是可能的,例如,在白天睡眠和在夜间工作。
术语″睡眠剥夺″是指缺少正常量的睡眠。例如,成年人一个晚上平均睡眠约八小时,因此,如果成年人每晚睡眠小于八小时通常被认为是睡眠剥夺的。
术语″睡眠质量″是指从睡眠中获得的实际休息的程度,与睡着哺乳动物的持续时间相反。
术语″滥用″是指过量使用物质,特别是可能改变身体机能的物质。
术语″依赖″或″依赖性″是指任何形式的行为,至少部分是由于使用物质所导致作决定的能力改变或降低。依赖性行为的代表性形式可以采取反社会或不恰当行为的形式,包括涉及需要、计划、获得以及使用物质时的那些行为。该术语还包括对物质的精神渴求,其可能伴随或可能不伴随有生理依赖性,以及在其中不断地或周期地强迫使用物质的状态,以便体验它的精神作用或为了避免由于它们的不存在所造成的不适。依赖性形式包括成瘾,即对物质的感情或心理依赖以从紧张和情感不适中获得缓减;耐受性,即对不断增加的剂量的渐进性需要以获得和维持一种希望的效果;成瘾,即超出自愿控制的身体或生理依赖;以及为了预防戒断症状而使用物质。依赖性可以受许多因素影响,这些因素包括使用者的身体特征(例如,遗传倾向性,年龄,性别或体重)、个性或社会经济类别。
术语″治疗″是指对患者的医学管理,目的是治愈、改善、稳定或预防疾病、病理病症或障碍。该术语包括积极治疗,即用于特定目的以改善疾病、病理病症或障碍的治疗,以及包括病因治疗,即用于除去疾病、病理病症或障碍的产生原因。此外,该术语包括姑息疗法,即目的是减缓症状而不是治愈疾病、病理病症或障碍的治疗方法;预防性治疗,即目的是预防疾病、病理病症或障碍的治疗;以及支持性疗法,即所使用的治疗是为了辅助另一特定的用于改善疾病、病理病症或障碍的治疗。术语″治疗″还包括症状疗法,即针对疾病、病理病症或障碍的全身症状的治疗。
术语″治疗有效量″是指含胞苷化合物、含胞嘧啶化合物、含尿苷化合物、含肌酸化合物、含腺苷化合物以及增加腺苷的化合物的数量,该数量足以在患有睡眠障碍、异常睡眠/觉醒周期或睡眠剥夺的哺乳动物中产生康复、治愈、预防、稳定或改善作用。
术语″含胞苷化合物″是指任何化合物,其包括,作为组分的胞苷、CMP、CDP、CTP、dCMP、dCDP或dCTP。含胞苷化合物可以包括胞苷的类似物。优选的含胞苷化合物包括,但不限于,CDP-胆碱和胞苷5′-二磷酸胆碱,通常制成胞苷5′-二磷酸胆碱[钠盐]的形式并且被称为胞磷胆碱。
术语″含胞嘧啶化合物″是指包括胞嘧啶作为组分的任何化合物。含胞嘧啶化合物可以包括胞嘧啶的类似物。
术语″含腺苷化合物″是指包括腺苷作为组分的任何化合物。含腺苷化合物可以包括腺苷的类似物。
术语″增加腺苷化合物″是指增加大脑腺苷含量的任何化合物,例如抑制或改变腺苷运输或代谢的化合物(例如,潘生丁或S-腺苷甲硫氨酸)。
术语″含尿苷化合物″是指包括尿苷或UTP作为组分的任何化合物。含尿苷化合物可以包括尿苷的类似物,例如三乙酰尿苷。
术语″含肌酸化合物″是指包括肌酸作为组分的任何化合物。含肌酸化合物可以包括肌酸的类似物。
术语″磷脂″是指含磷脂类,例如磷脂酸(例如,卵磷脂)、磷酸甘油酯、鞘磷脂和缩醛磷脂。术语″磷脂前体″是指在合成磷脂期间构成磷脂的一种物质,例如脂肪酸、甘油或鞘氨醇。
术语″儿童或青少年″是指没有完成发育和成熟的个体。通常,儿童或青少年小于二十一岁。
术语″老年人″是指处于生命的后面阶段的人体。通常,老年人超过六十岁。
在此使用的化合物是相对无毒的,CDP-胆碱、尿苷和三乙酰尿苷被认为是特别符合药物动力学要求的,并且已知对哺乳动物具有良好的耐受性。因此,本发明提供可能具有很少副作用的治疗并且可以对儿童和青少年以及老年人或那些由于现有的身体条件而健康受到危害的个体给药。
从下面的描述和权利要求中将明白其它特征和优点。
附图的简要说明
图1是胞磷胆碱对睡眠质量和情绪影响的图。
图2A和2B是没有用(A)和用(B)胞磷胆碱治疗时,活性水平对以天为单位的时间的函数图。A、B和C分别是指使用酒精、咖啡因和可卡因。数字表示对可卡因的渴望程度,基于10分的评分标准。灰色点表示摄入胞磷胆碱。
图3是CDP-胆碱分子结构的示意图。
发明的详细说明
在此所述的本发明的方法用于正常化睡眠/觉醒周期,用于治疗睡眠障碍,以及用于增加睡眠剥夺哺乳动物的认知功能。这种正常化的冲击可能导致个体感觉″睡眠质量″得到改善。为此,本发明涉及含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含尿苷、含肌酸、含腺苷以及增加腺苷的化合物的用途,用于获得需要的结果。优选的含胞苷化合物是CDP-胆碱(也称为胞磷胆碱或CDP胆碱[钠盐]),优选的含腺苷化合物是S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAMe),优选的含尿苷化合物是三乙酰尿苷。
所述的含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含尿苷、含肌酸、含腺苷或增加腺苷的化合物可以与其它化合物共同给药,例如用于大脑磷脂合成的前体,例如脂肪酸、类脂或卵磷脂。
睡眠/觉醒周期
令人吃惊地,我们已经发现,胞磷胆碱(CDP-胆碱)可以用于正常化睡眠/觉醒周期。胞磷胆碱治疗2-4周后,睡眠质量得以改善,并且睡眠/觉醒周期得以正常化。睡眠/觉醒周期的这种正常化可以进一步促进增加觉醒或减少白天的疲劳或疲倦。施用胞磷胆碱还可能稳定自我平衡过程,包括睡眠障碍例如失眠、睡眠窒息(中枢性或梗阻性)、成问题的睡意、多动腿综合征、周期性肢体运动和发作性睡病。此外,胞磷胆碱可以增加认知功能(Alvarez等人Methods FindExp Clinn Pharmacol 21:633-44,1999;Fioravanti等人CochraneDatabase Syst.Rev.4:CD000269,2000)并且可以在处于睡眠剥夺状态的个体中用来增加认知行为,例如飞行员、医生、学生或其他经历长时间不睡眠的个体中。图1中的数据表明,给予胞磷胆碱增加了受试验人的睡眠质量和情绪,由受试者在10分等级上进行测定,与接受安慰剂的受试者进行比较。由于给药后CDP-胆碱快速代谢成胞苷和胆碱,胞苷转变成尿苷,给予任何这些化合物都可以具有有益的作用。
CDP-胆碱及相关化合物还用于治疗物质滥用疾病,例如酒精、可卡因、鸦片、阿片样物质、尼古丁或香烟惯用或依赖性(美国专利号5,958,896和6,103,703以及2002年11月8日提交的美国临时申请号60/424,972)。由于物质滥用疾病可能造成睡眠质量或睡眠/觉醒周期的破坏,本发明的方法可以在物质滥用疾病的患者中用来正常化睡眠/觉醒周期或治疗睡眠障碍。此外,物质滥用疾病以及异常睡眠/觉醒周期或睡眠障碍可以用在此所述的方法同时进行治疗。图2A和2B表示可卡因使用者在没有治疗(图2A)和用CDP-胆碱治疗(图2B,治疗后4天开始监测)后5天的活性水平数据。治疗后,受试者的睡眠/觉醒周期正常化为日间型,并且该受试者在白天变得更活跃了。此外,治疗消除了受试者使用可卡因(用C表示),受试者使用酒精(用A表示)减少了。治疗后,对可卡因的渴望程度也减少了(用数字表示)。
含胞苷和含胞嘧啶化合物
有用的含胞苷或含胞嘧啶化合物可以包括含下列之一的任何化合物:胞嘧啶、胞苷、CMP、CDP、CTP、dCMP、dCDP和dCTP。优选的含胞苷化合物包括CDP-胆碱和胞苷5′-二磷酸胆碱[钠盐]。含胞苷和含胞嘧啶化合物的这种列举是用于说明的,而不是用于限制本发明,上述化合物是市场上可买到的,例如从Sigma化学公司(St.Louis,MO)处购得。
CDP-胆碱是一种天然存在的化合物,其在体内水解成胞苷和胆碱。CDP-胆碱由胞苷-5′-三磷酸酯和磷酸胆碱在由酶CTP:磷酸胆碱胞苷基转移酶催化的可逆反应中合成,反应中还产生无机焦磷酸盐(Weiss,Life Sciences 56:637-660,1995)。CDP-胆碱可以在500mg的长方形片剂中口服施用。每片含有522.5mg CDP-胆碱钠,相当于500mg的CDP-胆碱。相称的安慰片剂也是可得到的。活性片剂和安慰片剂中的赋形剂是滑石粉、硬脂酸镁、胶体二氧化硅、氢化蓖麻油、羧甲基纤维素钠和微晶纤维素。CDP-胆碱[钠盐]的分子结构在图3中给出。
用于治疗睡眠障碍的其它制剂可以采取含胞嘧啶或含胞苷化合物与可药用的稀释剂、载体、稳定剂或赋形剂相结合的形式。
含腺苷和增加腺苷化合物
含腺苷或增加腺苷化合物也提供有用的治疗。动物试验数据表明,给予腺苷类似物增加了慢波睡眠的量(Radulovacki M等.JPharmacol Exp Ther 228:268-74,1984;Satoh S等.Eur JPharmacol 351:155-62,1998;Scammell TE等.Neuroscience 107:653-63,2001)。此外,核磁共振数据表明,睡眠剥夺引起腺苷累积。这种积累可能是″睡眠压力″的神经生物学基础,然后,这种腺苷的累积可能恢复睡眠。因此,这些化合物在保持睡眠内环境稳定方面可以起到一种整合作用。
有用的含腺苷或增加腺苷化合物包括,但不限于,含下列腺苷、ATP、ADP或AMP之一的任何化合物。一种优选的含腺苷化合物是S-腺苷甲硫氨酸(SAMe)。
此外,通过其它机理能够增加腺苷含量的化合物是已知的。例如,通过许多已知的化合物可以抑制腺苷的吸收,这些已知化合物包括丙戊茶碱(美国专利号5,919,789中所述)。另一种抑制腺苷吸收的已知化合物是EHNA。
其它可以用于增加大脑腺苷含量的有用化合物是那些抑制分解腺苷的酶(例如腺苷脱氨酶和腺苷激酶)的化合物。最后,还可以使用含腺苷或腺苷前体的化合物,其在体内释放出腺苷。
含尿苷化合物
尿苷和含尿苷化合物提供有用的治疗,因为这些化合物可以转化成CTP,一种PC生物合成中的限速因子(Wurtman等,BiochemicalPharmacology 60:989-992,2000)。有用的含尿苷化合物包括,但不限于,含尿苷、UTP、UDP或UMP的任何化合物。一种优选的含尿苷化合物是三乙酰尿苷。尿苷和含尿苷化合物及类似物在人体中有良好的耐受性。
含肌酸化合物
肌酸和含肌酸化合物提供有用的治疗,因为这些化合物,依靠增加大脑磷脂含量,可以提高ATP的水平。在相对较高的剂量下,已知肌酸和含肌酸化合物在人体中具有良好的耐受性。
给药
使用常规药物作法给患者提供用于给药的合适的制剂或组合物。口服给药是优选的,但是可以使用任何其它合适的给药途径,例如肠胃外、静脉内、皮下、肌内、颅内、眶内、眼内、心室内、囊内、脊柱内、脑池内、腹膜内、鼻内或气雾剂给药。治疗制剂可以以液体溶液或混悬剂的形式(例如当静脉注射给药时);对于口服给药,制剂可以以液体、片剂或胶囊的形式;对于鼻内制剂,可以采用粉剂、滴剂或气雾剂的形式。
制备制剂的方法在本领域中是已知的,例如在Remington:TheScience and Practice of Pharmacy(第20版)A.R.Gennaro,编辑2000,Lippincott,Philadelphia,PA.中描述,例如对于肠胃外给药的制剂,其可以含有赋形剂、无菌水、盐水、聚(亚烷基)二醇如聚乙二醇、植物油或氢化萘。
如果需要,可以使用缓释或延长释放传输体系。生物相容的、生物可降解的丙交酯聚合物、丙交酯/乙交酯共聚物或聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物可以用来控制所述化合物的释放。其它潜在的有用的肠胃外释放体系包括乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物颗粒、渗透泵、可植入输注体系和脂质体。吸入制剂可以含有赋形剂如乳糖,或可以是含有如聚氧乙烯-9-月桂基醚、甘胆酸盐和脱氧胆酸盐的水溶液,或可以是以滴鼻剂形式给药的油溶液,或是凝胶。
优选地,本发明的化合物,例如CDP-胆碱,以至少500mg的剂量通过口服每天给药两次。口服给予的CDP-胆碱是生物学可利用的,超过99%的CDP-胆碱和/或其代谢物被吸收,小于1%在粪便中被排出。CDP-胆碱,通过口服或静脉内给药,被快速转化为两种主要循环代谢物,胆碱和胞苷。主要排泄途径是肺(12.9%)和尿(2.4%);其余的剂量(83.9%)显然被代谢并保留在组织中。
通常,以一定剂量给予本发明的化合物,例如CDP-胆碱、尿苷、UTP、肌酸或SAMe,以获得合适的效果,并且典型地以单位剂型的形式给予本发明的化合物。日剂量优选在50mg-2000mg之间。化合物的精确剂量将随受治者的年龄和体重、给药途径以及所治疗症状的严重程度和性质而定。通常,在没有产生显著的毒性或不希望的副作用的情况下,选择的剂量应该足以治疗睡眠障碍或其一种或多种症状。如上所述,优选的给药途径是口服给药。
在CDP-胆碱的情况下,还没有报道剂量过量的情况。CDP-胆碱毒性基本上是自我限制的,在临床前研究中,大量摄入表现出常见的胆碱能症状(分泌唾液、流泪、排尿、排便和呕吐)。
与其它疗法联合
本发明的含胞苷、含胞嘧啶、含尿苷、含肌酸、含腺苷和增加腺苷的化合物可以作为单一疗法给药,这些化合物可以互相联合使用,或者与治疗异常睡眠/觉醒周期或睡眠障碍或其它有关生理或心理病症的其它化合物联合使用。
本发明的化合物可以与低剂量的用于这些疾病治疗的包括抗抑郁药的当前治疗一起给予。例如,本发明的化合物可以与磷脂如卵磷脂或大脑磷脂前体如脂肪酸或类脂一起给予,或作为助剂在标准治疗中给予。
在一个具体的例子中,本发明的化合物可以与抗抑郁药、抗惊厥药、抗焦虑药、抗躁狂药、抗精神病药、抗强迫药、镇静催眠药或抗高血压药一起联合给药。这些药物的例子包括,但不局限于,抗焦虑药,阿普唑仑、盐酸丁螺环酮、利眠宁、盐酸利眠宁、二钾氯氮卓、盐酸地昔帕明、地西泮、哈拉西泮、盐酸羟嗪、双羟萘酸羟嗪、劳拉西泮、眠尔通、奥沙西泮、普拉西泮、马来酸甲哌氯丙嗪、丙氯拉嗪、乙二磺酸甲哌氯丙嗪和马来酸三甲丙咪嗪;抗惊厥药,异戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥钠、卡马西平、利眠宁、利眠宁盐酸盐、二钾氯氮卓、地西泮、双丙戊酸钠、乙琥胺、乙苯妥英、加巴喷丁、拉莫三嗪、硫酸镁、美芬妥英、甲苯巴比妥、甲琥胺、甲乙双酮、戊巴比妥钠、苯乙酰脲、苯巴比妥、苯巴比妥钠、苯琥胺、苯妥英、苯妥英钠、扑米酮、司可巴比妥钠、三甲双酮、丙戊酸和氯硝西泮;抗抑郁药,盐酸阿米替林、阿莫沙平、盐酸丁氨苯丙酮、盐酸氯米帕明、盐酸地昔帕明、盐酸多塞平、氟西汀、氟伏沙明、盐酸丙咪嗪、双羟萘酸丙咪嗪、异卡波肼、拉莫三嗪、盐酸马普替林、盐酸去甲替林、盐酸帕罗西丁、硫酸苯乙肼、盐酸普罗替林、盐酸舍曲林、硫酸反苯环丙胺、盐酸曲唑酮、马来酸三甲丙咪嗪和盐酸文拉法辛;抗躁狂药,碳酸锂和柠檬酸锂;抗强迫药,氟伏沙明和盐酸氯米帕明;抗精神病药,马来酸醋奋乃静、盐酸氯丙嗪、氯普噻吨、盐酸氯普噻吨、氯氮平、氟奋乃静癸酸酯、氟奋乃静庚酸酯、盐酸氟奋乃静、氟哌啶醇癸酸酯、氟哌啶醇、乳酸氟哌啶醇、碳酸锂、柠檬酸锂、盐酸洛沙平、琥珀酸洛沙平、苯磺酸甲砜达嗪、盐酸吗茚酮、奋乃静、匹莫齐特、马来酸甲哌氯丙嗪、丙氯拉嗪、乙二磺酸甲哌氯丙嗪、盐酸丙嗪、利哌利酮、硫利达嗪、盐酸硫利哒嗪、替沃噻吨、盐酸替沃噻吨和盐酸三氟拉嗪(trifluoperzine);镇静催眠药,异戊巴比妥、异戊巴比妥钠、阿普比妥、仲丁比妥、水合氯醛、利眠宁、盐酸利眠宁、二钾氯氮卓、地西泮、苯海拉明、艾司唑仑、乙氯维诺、盐酸氟西泮、格鲁米特、盐酸羟嗪、双羟萘酸羟嗪、劳拉西泮、盐酸甲氧异丁嗪、盐酸咪达唑仑、非处方药,奥沙西泮、戊巴比妥钠、苯巴比妥、苯巴比妥钠、夸西泮、司可巴比妥钠、替马西泮、三唑仑和酒石酸唑吡旦;以及抗高血压药,可乐宁。
其它实施方案
在本说明书中提到的所有出版物、专利和专利申请在此引入作为参考,就好象这些出版物或专利申请每个单独地和具体地引入作为作为参考。
虽然本发明已经结合特定实施方案进行了描述,但是应当理解,本发明可以进一步修饰。本申请目的在于包括根据本发明原理所做的任何改变、用途或修改。包括与本发明相关的常规方法和可以采用上文提出的必要特征的方法,并且其在所附权利要求的范围内。
其它实施方案在权利要求的范围之内。
Claims (18)
1.一种正常化哺乳动物睡眠/觉醒周期的方法,所述方法包括给予哺乳动物治疗有效量的选自含胞苷化合物、含胞嘧啶化合物、含尿苷化合物、含肌酸化合物、含腺苷化合物和增加腺苷化合物的化合物,由此正常化所述哺乳动物的睡眠/觉醒周期。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述给药在白天减少疲劳或疲倦,增加觉醒,或改善哺乳动物的睡眠质量。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的含胞苷化合物是胞苷。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的含胞苷化合物进一步包含胆碱。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的含胞苷化合物是CDP-胆碱。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中所述的CDP-胆碱口服给药。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的含胞苷化合物是CDP。
8.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的给药是长期的。
9.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的哺乳动物是人。
10.权利要求9的方法,其中所述的人是儿童或青少年。
11.权利要求9的方法,其中所述的人是老年人。
12.一种治疗睡眠障碍的方法,所述方法包括给予哺乳动物治疗有效量的选自含胞苷化合物、含胞嘧啶化合物、含尿苷化合物、含肌酸化合物、含腺苷化合物和增加腺苷化合物的化合物。
13.权利要求12的方法,其中所述的睡眠障碍由物质滥用疾病引起。
14.权利要求13的方法,其中所述的物质滥用疾病是酒精、咖啡因或可卡因惯用或依赖性。
15.权利要求12的方法,其中所述的睡眠障碍是失眠、构造性或阻塞性睡眠窒息、多动腿综合征、周期性肢体运动、成问题的睡意或发作性睡病。
16.权利要求12的方法,其中所述的含胞苷化合物是CDP-胆碱。
17.一种增加认知功能的方法,所述方法包括给予患睡眠剥夺的哺乳动物治疗有效量的选自含胞苷化合物、含胞嘧啶化合物、含尿苷化合物、含肌酸化合物、含腺苷化合物和增加腺苷化合物的化合物,由此增加所述哺乳动物的认知功能。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中所述的含胞苷化合物是CDP-胆碱。
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2003
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- 2003-12-17 CA CA002508995A patent/CA2508995A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-17 JP JP2004563786A patent/JP4717444B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-17 CN CNB2003801098191A patent/CN100563660C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-17 BR BR0317586-3A patent/BR0317586A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-17 RU RU2005122934/14A patent/RU2366428C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-12-17 WO PCT/US2003/040450 patent/WO2004058160A2/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-17 MX MXPA05006781A patent/MXPA05006781A/es unknown
- 2003-12-17 US US10/740,075 patent/US20040176316A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-17 EP EP03799995A patent/EP1589979A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-17 AU AU2003299715A patent/AU2003299715A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2005
- 2005-06-17 NO NO20052987A patent/NO20052987L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
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2011
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Cited By (2)
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CN105101974A (zh) * | 2013-04-05 | 2015-11-25 | 狮王株式会社 | 内服组合物 |
CN105101974B (zh) * | 2013-04-05 | 2018-07-03 | 狮王株式会社 | 内服组合物 |
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WO2004058160A2 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
US20040176316A1 (en) | 2004-09-09 |
NO20052987D0 (no) | 2005-06-17 |
NO20052987L (no) | 2005-08-29 |
RU2366428C2 (ru) | 2009-09-10 |
CN100563660C (zh) | 2009-12-02 |
JP2006513214A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
UA88869C2 (ru) | 2009-12-10 |
BR0317586A (pt) | 2005-11-22 |
MXPA05006781A (es) | 2005-09-30 |
JP4717444B2 (ja) | 2011-07-06 |
AU2003299715A8 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
AU2003299715A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
WO2004058160A3 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
EP1589979A4 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
JP2011102319A (ja) | 2011-05-26 |
RU2005122934A (ru) | 2006-01-20 |
EP1589979A2 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
CA2508995A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
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