CN1688376A - 高效ashrae过滤介质 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了一种效率提高的过滤介质。该过滤介质包括由至少一个熔喷层形成的中间过滤层,并具有灰尘入口侧和灰尘出口侧。第一外层设置在该过滤介质的灰尘入口侧,并由熔喷聚合物纤维网形成,第二外支撑层或背衬层设置在该过滤介质的灰尘出口侧,并由纺粘聚合物纤维网形成。在一个示例性实施方案中,中间过滤层包括第一上游熔喷层和第二下游熔喷层。第一上游层优选由直径大于形成第二下游层的纤维直径的纤维形成。该过滤介质特别可用于形成包括加热、制冷和空调过滤的应用所用的ASHRAE过滤器。
Description
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请是2002年4月30日提交的标题为“具有高刚性和高灰尘容量的过滤介质”的美国专利申请顺序号10/135797的部分继续申请,此处特意引用参考。
发明领域
本发明涉及用于ASHRAE市场的过滤介质,更具体地涉及具有改进α值的高效过滤介质。
发明背景
纸质过滤介质常用于诸如加热、制冷和空调系统的空气过滤应用。美国采暖、制冷和空调工程师学会(The American Society ofHeating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers,Inc.)(ASHRAE)认可了用于这种应用的合适过滤器和过滤介质,大部分称为ASHRAE过滤器或过滤介质。
纸质过滤介质通常包含用于形成过滤器的致密纤维网或纤维垫,它定向在承载颗粒材料的气流方向。这些网的致密堆积的微小纤维提供了微细的纤维间孔隙结构,它们非常适于微粒的机械捕集或筛选。过滤介质通常构造成能透过气流,并还具有足够细的孔径和适当的孔隙率,以避免粒径大于所选尺寸的颗粒通过。当气体通过过滤介质时,进入灰尘的过滤介质一侧通过扩散和截获工作,从气流捕获和截留所选粒径的颗粒。
ASHRAE过滤器最初由玻璃纤维或玻璃微纤维(以下称为“玻璃纤维”)形成。然而这些玻璃纤维被怀疑是致癌剂,因此不希望在空气过滤器中使用。用熔喷驻极体纤维替代基于玻璃纤维的空气过滤介质的尝试获得了一定的成功。一般需要对熔喷纤维网进行静电充电,以提供高的颗粒物去除效率。然而,已表明过滤器寿命期间的静电荷稳定性随着时间而降低。一旦电荷耗尽,过滤性能就会降到可接受的水平以下。
用合成过滤介质作为玻璃纤维网替代物产生的其他问题是,它们容易被捕获的灰尘堵塞。介质孔隙率的降低能改善介质的过滤性能,但其影响是增加了介质两侧的气压降。另外,过滤介质孔隙率的降低会使灰尘颗粒以比孔隙较多的过滤器更快的速度堆积在介质表面,从而更快速地增加介质两端的压降。这种现象缩短了过滤器的使用寿命。
某些基于非玻璃的过滤介质也缺乏足以使其能自支撑的物理整体性。尽管过滤介质的物理整体性可通过提高其基重或增加厚度而改善,但基重或厚度的增加会加重过滤介质两端的压降。因此,基于非玻璃的过滤介质一般层压在支撑层上或装配在刚性框架中。然而,传统的支撑层或刚性框架通常不会有助于过滤工艺,只会增加过滤介质的生产成本。
因此需要一种过滤效率类似于或好于标准玻璃纤维垫ASHRAE过滤器的合成过滤介质。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种高效过滤介质,这种介质尤其可用于诸如加热、制冷和空调应用的ASHRAE过滤应用。
在一个实施方案中,该过滤介质由具有粗糙的熔喷上游外层、纺粘下游外层和设置在上游外层与下游外层之间的过滤元件的多成分薄板形成。该过滤元件由至少一种熔喷层形成,更优选的是由第一上游熔喷层和第二下游熔喷层形成。第一和第二熔喷层各自优选地由直径约0.5-1.5μm的纤维形成,且优选的是形成第一熔喷层的纤维直径大于形成第二熔喷层的纤维直径。在一个例证性实施方案中,第二熔喷层由直径约0.65μm的纤维形成,而第一熔喷层由直径约1μm的纤维形成。
在一个实施方案中,上游外层由坚硬、粗糙的熔喷聚合物材料形成,更优选的是由具有无规取向纤维的非织造聚合物纤维网形成。上游外层优选地具有约2g/m2的网基重,而形成上游外层的纤维优选地具有约5-10μm的直径。
在另一个实施方案中,纺粘下游外层可具有约10-40g/m2的网基重,而形成下游外层的纤维可具有10-25μm的直径。下游外层可非必需地包括附着在纺粘下游外层的灰尘进入侧的纺粘层上的熔喷层。
在一个例证性实施方案中,该过滤介质具有至少约10,更优选约16的α值,并具有至少约50g/m2的灰尘容量。优选的过滤元件、上游外层和下游外层均由聚丙烯形成。
附图简述
本发明将从以下结合附图的详细描述得到更全面的理解,其中不同附图中同样的参考数字指同样的部分,其中:
图1是根据本发明的过滤介质的剖面示意图;
图2是图1的过滤介质的另一个实施方案的示意图;
图3是图1的过滤介质的一个实施方案的示意图。
发明详述
现在更具体地描述本发明的特征和其他细节并在权利要求中指出。应该明白的是,本发明的具体实施方案通过实例说明,但并不作为本发明的限制。本发明的主要特征可在各种实施方案中采用,而不脱离本发明的范围。
一般而言,本发明提供了截留颗粒、气载污染物和/或油污的过滤介质。该过滤介质特别可用于ASHRAE过滤应用,包括作为袋滤器或折叠平板过滤器的用于加热和空调灰尘的过滤器。该过滤介质也是具有成本效益的,具有增强的过滤性能特征和增加的刚性,并具有比目前的过滤介质改善的操作和可加工性。
图1举例说明过滤介质10的一个实施方案,所述过滤介质10具有在该过滤介质10的灰尘进入侧20,例如上游侧上形成的第一外层12;中间过滤层14;和在该过滤介质10的灰尘离开侧,例如下游侧上形成的第二外层16或背衬层。第一外层优选地由熔喷聚合物纤维网形成,并且有效地提高了过滤介质10的灰尘容量和提供了其刚性。第二外支撑层16优选地由纺粘聚合物纤维网形成,或者由具有附着在纺粘聚合物纤维网上的熔喷聚合物纤维网的两重结合层形成。第二外层能有效提高过滤介质10的强度,能避免处理期间过滤器10在加工期间断裂。中间过滤元件14起到过滤介质10的主过滤元件的作用,并可由一层、两层或多层纤维网形成。
过滤介质10的第一外层12可由刚性的粗糙熔喷纤维网形成,从而有效提供过滤介质10对于给定压降的刚性,并提高过滤介质10的灰尘容量。在一个例证性实施方案中,第一外层12被织造为有利于该外层12与相邻层,即中间过滤层14间的附着。用于形成第一外层12的熔喷纤维是现有技术公知的,通常包括由通过机械手段缠结纤维制造的无规取向纤维形成的非织造纤维。该熔喷纤维网可具有较宽的纤维直径分布。用于形成纤维网的聚合物的平均纤维直径通常可在约1-20μm范围。根据预期应用不同,更优选的聚合物纤维直径是约1-15μm,更优选约5-7μm。第一外层12的基重优选地在约10-150g/m2范围内,更优选约100g/m2。在使用中,第一外层12优选在0.5英寸水中具有大于600ft3/min的透气率。
本领域普通技术人员将体会到这里公开的所有纤维直径都代表用SEM分析测量的平均纤维直径。
可用于形成第一熔喷外层12的合适材料包括诸如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物的聚烯烃;诸如聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸乙酯的丙烯酸聚合物和共聚物;诸如聚氯乙稀的乙烯基卤聚合物和共聚物;诸如聚乙烯甲醚的聚乙烯醚;诸如聚偏氟乙烯和聚偏氯乙烯的聚偏卤代乙烯;聚丙烯腈;聚乙烯酮;聚乙烯胺;诸如聚苯乙烯的聚乙烯芳族化合物;诸如聚乙酸乙烯酯的聚乙烯酯;诸如乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、ABS树脂和乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的乙烯基单体相互间及与烯烃的共聚物;天然及合成橡胶,包括丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚异戊二烯、合成聚异戊二烯、聚丁二烯、丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物、聚氯戊二烯橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶、异丁烯-异戊二烯共聚物和聚氨酯橡胶;诸如尼龙66和聚己内酰胺的聚酰胺;诸如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的聚酯;聚碳酸酯;聚酰亚胺;聚醚;诸如聚四氟乙烯和氟化乙烯丙烯的含氟聚合物。聚丙烯是其中更优选的聚合物材料。
第二外层16优选地由设置在过滤介质10的灰尘出口侧30上的纺粘纤维网形成。采用纺粘纤维网增加了过滤介质10的强度和刚度。第二外层16可非必需地由具有附着在纺粘纤维网上的熔喷纤维网的二重结合层形成。该二重结合层可通过在纺粘纤维网上直接熔喷非常粗糙的纤维形成。该熔喷纤维优选地由与关于第一外层12所描述的材料类似的刚性聚合物材料形成,并有效地为过滤材料10提供了刚性。该熔喷纤维网层的优点还在于它增加了纺粘层的均匀性,以消除可能存在轻纤维遮盖的任何区域。纺粘纤维可由轻质聚合物材料形成,并也能有效为过滤材料10提供强度。
纺粘网的一般特征在于较高的强度/重量比和高孔隙率,并具有良好的耐磨性能。平均纤维直径可在约10-25μm范围内。第二外层16的基重优选在约10-40g/m2范围内,更优选约34g/m2。然而,第二外层16的基重可根据给定过滤应用所要求的强度而不同,并可采用相当重的纺粘层。本领域普通技术人员在考虑了诸如制造或使用期间期望的强度水平、预期的过滤器效率和容许的耐力水平或压降等因素后,很容易确定合适的基重。纺粘层通常是主要起构造作用的较薄的粗纤维层,并对成品过滤介质中的过滤或压降作出很少或不作出贡献。
可构成外层16的合适纺粘材料是本领域普通技术人员公知的。例如,纺粘纤维可由各种聚合物树脂制备,这些聚合物树脂包括但不限于诸如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚异丁烯和乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物的聚烯烃;诸如聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酸乙酯的丙烯酸聚合物和共聚物;诸如聚氯乙烯的乙烯基卤聚合物和共聚物;诸如聚乙烯甲醚的聚乙烯醚;诸如聚偏氟乙烯和聚偏氯乙烯的聚偏卤代乙烯;聚丙烯腈;聚乙烯酮;聚乙烯胺;诸如聚苯乙烯的聚乙烯芳族化合物;诸如聚乙酸乙烯酯的聚乙烯酯;诸如乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、ABS树脂和乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的乙烯基单体相互间及与烯烃的共聚物;天然及合成橡胶,包括丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚异戊二烯、合成聚异戊二烯、聚丁二烯、丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物、聚氯戊二烯橡胶、聚异丁烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶、异丁烯-异戊二烯共聚物和聚氨酯橡胶;诸如尼龙66和聚己内酰胺的聚酰胺;诸如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的聚酯;聚碳酸酯;聚酰亚胺;聚醚;诸如聚四氟乙烯和氟化乙烯丙烯的含氟聚合物。
适合用于外层16的商购纺粘材料的实例是由Reemay,Inc.提供的聚丙烯纺粘材料,它是BBA非织物的成员,具有约34g/m2(1盎司/码2)的基重。
设置在第一外层12与第二外层16之间的过滤元件14能有效提供过滤,并可由一、二或多层纤维网形成。层14可从粗糙时高膨松纤维到细小的微纤维,并可具有约1-50g/m2,更优选1-20g/m2的基重。每层的性能取决于制造实践和聚合物类型。因此,可调节加工参数以制造具有期望性能的一层或多层纺粘层。
用于形成过滤元件14的层数和材料类型可根据使用要求的效率水平确定。与效率水平较低的过滤器相比,高效过滤器可避免更多的颗粒通过过滤器。一般用于ASHRAE市场的过滤器通常具有40-45%、60-65%、80-85%或90-95%的效率水平。本领域普通技术人员很容易明白可用本领域公知的各种不同层实现期望的效率。
用于形成本发明过滤介质10、40、50的过滤元件14的熔喷材料可由各种聚合物材料制成,包括关于第一外层12描述的那些。这种纤维优选具有较宽的纤维直径分布,所用聚合物的平均纤维直径在约0.5-20μm范围。根据预期应用不同,更优选的平均聚合物纤维直径在约0.5-1.5μm范围内。过滤元件14的总厚度可在约20-100密耳,优选约50-80密耳之间。
图2表示用于ASHRAE过滤应用的过滤介质50的例证性实施方案。过滤介质50包括前述第一和第二外层12、16,以及由两个熔喷层54、56形成的过滤元件14。第一和第二熔喷过滤元件54、56各由直径约0.5-1.5μm的纤维形成,并有效捕集和截获来自所过滤气流的颗粒。第一(上游)熔喷层54优选由直径大于形成第二(下游)熔喷层56的纤维直径的纤维形成。在一个例证性实施方案中,第一层54具有约10g/m2的基重,并由直径约1μm的纤维形成,而第二层56具有约2g/m2的基重,并由直径约0.65μm的纤维形成。在过滤元件14的第二层56中采用直径约0.65μm的纤维特别有益的是,小的纤维直径显著提高了过滤介质的过滤效率。结果本发明的过滤介质提供了与现有玻璃垫材料的性能水平类似的性能水平,但不需要采用任何玻璃纤维。
图3表示用于要求效率水平为80-85%或90-95%的应用的过滤介质40的另一个实施方案。过滤介质40包括前述第一和第二外层12、16,以及由三个熔喷层44、46、48形成的过滤元件14。紧接第一外层12下游设置的第一熔喷过滤元件44由粗糙的高膨松熔喷聚合物纤维网形成,并起到预过滤、捕获和截留来自被过滤气流的最大颗粒的作用。第一层44防止气流中较大的颗粒堵塞第二和第三过滤元件46、48中较小的空隙。层44的网基重优选为约40-120g/m2,更优选约100g/m2。第二过滤元件46是由直径约1μm的纤维形成的熔喷网,并有效截留未被第一层44捕集的较小颗粒,从而提高过滤介质40的灰尘容量。层46的网基重优选为约3-25g/m2,更优选约10g/m2。第三过滤元件48是由直径约0.65μm的非常细的纤维形成的熔喷网。层48的网基重优选为约1-10g/m2,更优选约2g/m2。
本领域普通技术人员应该明白,可包括用于形成根据本发明的过滤介质的每种材料的另外的层,也可用另外的材料作为这里公开的材料的代用品或附加材料。而且过滤介质可非必需地包括这种材料中常用的各种添加剂以赋予特殊性质、便于挤压或者改善材料的性能。
适用于根据本发明的过滤介质的一种合适添加剂是电荷稳定添加剂。电荷稳定添加剂的实例包括衍生自脂肪酸的脂肪酸酰胺。术语“脂肪酸”是本领域普通技术人员认可的,往往包括由脂肪的水解获得的那些饱和或不饱和直链羧酸。合适的脂肪酸的实例包括月桂酸(十二酸)、肉豆蔻酸(十四酸)、棕榈酸(十六酸)、硬脂酸(十八酸)、油酸((Z)-9-十八烯酸)、亚油酸((Z,Z)-9,12-十八碳二烯酸)、亚麻酸((Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-十八碳三烯酸)和桐酸((Z,E,E)-9,11,13-十八碳三烯酸)。由以上参考酸形成的酰胺一般是用本领域公知的方法制备的伯酰胺。其中酰胺氮被一个或多个烷基取代的仲和叔脂肪酸酰胺也适合作为电荷稳定剂。仲和叔脂肪酸酰胺也可通过本领域公知的方法制备,例如通过脂肪酸的酯化,随后与合适的烷基胺的酰胺化反应制备。酰胺氮上的烷基取代基可以是直链或支链烷基,并可具有约2-20个碳原子,优选约2-14个碳原子,更优选约2-6个碳原子,最优选约2个碳原子。在优选实施方案中,脂肪酸酰胺可以是其中一个烷基链束缚两个独立酰胺分子的两个氮的“双”酰胺。例如,亚烷基双脂肪酸酰胺包括亚烷基双硬脂酰胺、亚烷基双棕榈酰胺、亚烷基双肉豆蔻酰胺和亚烷基双月桂酰胺。烷基链系链(tether)一般包括约2-8个碳原子,优选2个碳原子。烷基链系链可以是支化或非支化的。优选的双脂肪酸酰胺包括诸如N,N’-亚乙基双硬脂酰胺和N,N’-亚乙基双棕榈酰胺的亚乙基双硬脂酰胺和亚乙基双棕榈酰胺。
为了制备根据本发明的过滤介质10、40、50,可采用本领域公知的熔喷和纺粘方法。
借助于非限定性实施例,用于形成第一外层12和过滤元件14的熔喷方法涉及通过许多细小的、通常是圆形的口型毛细管挤出熔融的热塑性聚合物,作为熔融丝或长丝进入高速气流中,拉细熔融热塑性聚合物长丝以减小其直径。拉细气流的流速和压力可调节到能形成连续熔喷长丝或断续纤维。所形成的未完全淬火的气载纤维由高速气流承载,并沉积在聚集表面上,形成无规分布和自动粘结的熔喷纤维网。在一个例证性实施方案中,第一外层12可通过将纤维喷在其上形成了图案的集表面上来构造。
通过调节诸如喷吹气体温度、速度和方向的工艺参数,可改变熔喷法形成的网的特性。这些参数影响单个纤维的长度、直径和物理性能。其他重要因素是喷丝孔几何形状和口型组件与聚集表面之间的距离。
Butin等的US3849241和Schwarz的US4380570公开了制备熔喷纤维网的例证性方法。
用于形成第二外层16的纺粘聚合物网可通过从喷丝板的许多毛细管挤出一种或多种熔融热塑性聚合物作为纤维来形成。挤出的纤维在冷却的同时通过喷射或其他公知的拉伸机械装置拉伸形成纺粘纤维。然后将该拉伸纺粘纤维以随机方式沉积或铺设在成形表面上,形成松散缠绕且均匀的纤维网。然后将铺设的纤维网进行粘合处理,例如通过热粘合或针刺法赋予所得非织造纤维网物理完整性和尺寸稳定性。
制造纺粘非织造网的例证性方法公开在例如Appel等的US4340563、Matsuki等的US3802817、Hansen等的US3855046和Dorschener等的US3692618中。
一旦纺粘和熔喷层形成,就将层粘合形成根据本发明的过滤介质10、40、50。可用本领域公知的几种方法,例如超声波焊接、超声波粘合、粘结或本领域普通技术人员公知的其他方法形成过滤介质10、40、50。超声波粘合可通过边沿焊接、全宽度粘合、部分宽度粘合或它们的结合完成。
作为选择,可通过压延方法将这些层压在一起,使每层与另一层形成物理粘合。这样提供了不向过滤介质10、40、50中掺入粘合剂,从而不影响过滤介质10、40、50的孔隙度的优点。
在过滤介质10、40、50形成后或形成期间,可非必需地赋予纤维网静电荷,以增强过滤介质10、40、50的性能。赋予聚合物网永久性偶极以形成驻极体过滤介质的各种技术是公知的。充电可用AC或DC电晕放电元件及它们的结合进行。可将电晕元件、AC电晕放电元件和/或DC电晕放电元件置于纤维网上面和/或下面,以赋予纤维网驻极体性能。构造包括将中性接地辊置于纤维网任一侧,并将活性电极置于网任一侧的上面或下面。在某些实施方案中,仅将一种电晕放电元件,例如DC或AC电晕放电元件置于纤维网的上面、下面或交替布置在上面和下面。在其他实施方案中,可结合使用交替的AC或DC电晕放电元件。可控制AC或DC电晕放电元件,使其仅产生正离子或负离子。放电的具体特征由电极形状、极性、间隙尺寸和气体或气体混合物确定。
用于在纤维网中产生驻极体性能的方法实例可见US5401446,本文参考引用其内容。充电还可用包括基于摩擦的充电技术的其他技术完成。纤维网一般进行约1-约30kV(能量类型,例如DC放电或AC放电)/cm,优选约10-约30kV/cm的放电,优选的范围是约10-约20kV/cm。
本领域普通技术人员很容易理解的是,本发明的驻极体过滤介质的过滤效率和性能还可通过额外的处理技术优化。
在使用中,过滤器性能基于不同准则评价。理想的是过滤器或过滤介质通过待过滤污染物跨过过滤器的低穿透率表征。然而同时跨过过滤器应存在较低的压降或阻力。通常用百分比表达的穿透率定义如下:
穿透率=C/C0
其中C是通过过滤器后的颗粒浓度,C0是通过过滤器前的颗粒浓度。过滤器效率定义为:
100-%穿透率
因为对于有效的过滤器理想的是保持跨过过滤器的穿透率和压降值尽可能低,过滤器根据称为α的值分级,该值是跨过过滤器的穿透率的对数与压降的曲线的斜率。斜率越陡,或α值越高,表示过滤器性能越好。α根据下式表达
α=-100×log(C/C0)/DP
其中DP是过滤器两端的压降。该值一般为几个mmH2O。
评价过滤器性能的标准试验是本领域公知的,并且主要关心加载200mg后的穿透率和阻力(用α值表达)。在一个常规试验中,将过滤材料浸泡在异丙醇中直至完全浸湿,然后放置干燥至少24小时。浸泡能有效消除过滤材料上的任何电荷。然后测试产物,以确定过滤器寿命期间过滤性能的最坏可能的压降和过滤效率。
过滤材料可用0.5μm的NaCl颗粒,用TSI8110型自动过滤测试器(Automated Filter Tester)(TSI,Inc.,St.Paul,MN制造)测试。过滤材料还可用0.3μm的邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)颗粒,在TSI8130型自动过滤测试器(Automated Filter Tester)上测试。通过仪器的激光光度计测量过滤器上游和下游的颗粒浓度。该测试自动进行,并在每次测试的结果上打印出百分比穿透率、流速和压降。所测量的过滤效率和压降可用于确定过滤材料的α值,并可与浸泡前过滤材料的α值比较。
本发明的过滤介质提供的对气载污染物的过滤效率为40-45%、60-65%、80-85%和90-95%,灰尘容量为约8.0g/m2。这是对效率相当的现有合成过滤材料的明显改善,而后者的灰尘容量为约4.0-7.0g/m2。
本发明的过滤介质可用于各种空气过滤应用,并且特别适合用于ASHRAE过滤器中。因此,例如该过滤介质可用于形成HVAC、HEPA、ULPA或类似的过滤器。在某些实例中,根据本发明的介质可用于增强诸如其他类型的商购过滤介质的其他介质的运行。因此,根据本发明的介质可用于上游侧、下游侧或在各种过滤介质层之间,以实现优选的过滤运行。
以下实施例用于进一步描述本发明。
实施例1
如上所述制备所得4层驻极体过滤介质,其中第一外层(灰尘入口侧)由100g/m2的纤维直径约5-7μm的刚性聚丙烯熔喷粗纤维形成。该过滤组件由2层形成,第一(上游)层为10g/m2的纤维直径约1μm的高膨松聚丙烯熔喷粗纤维,而第二(下游)层为2g/m2的纤维直径约0.65μm的聚丙烯熔喷细纤维。第二外层(气体出口侧)由34g/m2粗聚丙烯纺粘层形成。
比较例1
第一比较例由4层纤维网制备。第一外层(气体入口侧)由8.5g/m2轻质聚丙烯纺粘形成。该过滤组件由2层纤维网形成,第一(上游)层为80g/m2高膨松聚丙烯熔喷粗纤维,而第二(下游)层为20g/m2聚丙烯熔喷细纤维。第二外层(气体出口侧)用42g/m2由Reemay销售的、作为BBA的补充的中等重量聚丙烯Typar产品形成。
比较例2
第二比较例由2层玻璃纤维制备。第一层由网基重为约15g/m2的轻质聚酯纺粘衬里形成。第二层由网基重为约55-60g/m2的高膨松玻璃纤维层形成。
下表表示根据实施例1制备的本发明过滤介质的一个实施方案的性能与根据比较例1和2制备的现有过滤介质的比较。表1说明采用根据本发明制备的过滤介质,特别是具有由直径约0.65μm的纤维形成的熔喷层的过滤介质,实现了α值的增加。根据实施例1制备的过滤介质的性能与根据比较例2制备的现有玻璃垫材料的性能相似,并提供了超过根据比较例1制备的现有合成过滤介质的优点。
表1
实施例1 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 | |
基重 | 150g/m2 | 150g/m2 | 70g/m2 |
厚度 | 75密耳 | 65密耳 | 65密耳 |
90%效率下的气流阻力 | 3.1mmH2O | 4.7mmH2O | 2.2mmH2O |
NaCl透过率(IPA浸泡后的%) | 31.2% | 28% | 40% |
DOP透过率(IPA浸泡后的%) | 47.8% | 45.0% | 60% |
NaCl透过率(mmH2O-1) | 16.3mmH2O-1 | 11.8mmH2O-1 | 18.0mmH2O-1 |
DOPα(mmH2O-1) | 10.3mmH2O-1 | 7.4mmH2O-1 | 10.1mmH2O-1 |
灰尘容量 | 7.0g/m2 | 5.0g/m2 | 8.5g/m2 |
本领域普通技术人员采用不超出常规的试验就会知道,或能够确定许多等同于此处描述的本发明的具体实施方案。这些以及所有其他等价物都拟包含在以下权利要求中。包括背景技术部分的本案所提及的所有出版物和参考文件在这里都特意全文引用参考。
Claims (14)
1.一种由多成分薄板形成的过滤介质,该过滤介质包含:
粗熔喷上游外层;
纺粘下游外层;
设置在上游外层与下游外层之间的过滤组件,该过滤组件包括第一上游熔喷层和第二下游熔喷层,该第一和第二熔喷层由直径约0.5-1.5μm的纤维形成,且形成第一熔喷层的纤维直径大于形成第二熔喷层的纤维直径。
2.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中第二熔喷层由直径约0.65μm的纤维形成,和第一熔喷层由直径约1μm的纤维形成。
3.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中第一和第二熔喷层各具有约1-20g/m2的网基重。
4.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中第一熔喷层具有约10g/m2的网基重。
5.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中第二熔喷层具有约2g/m2的网基重。
6.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中上游外层由直径约5-10μm的纤维形成。
7.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中上游外层具有约100g/m2的网基重。
8.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中纺粘下游外层由直径约10-25μm的纤维形成。
9.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中纺粘下游外层具有约10-40g/m2的网基重。
10.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中该过滤介质具有至少约10的α值。
11.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中该过滤介质具有约16的α值。
12.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中上游外层、下游外层和中间过滤组件各由选自聚烯烃、丙烯酸聚合物和共聚物、乙烯基卤聚合物和共聚物、聚乙烯醚、聚偏卤代乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚乙烯酮、聚乙烯胺、聚乙烯芳族化合物、聚乙烯酯、乙烯基单体的共聚物、天然及合成橡胶、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚酰亚胺、聚醚、氟聚合物,以及它们的混合物的聚合物形成。
13.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中过滤组件、上游外层和下游外层由聚丙烯形成。
14.权利要求1的过滤介质,其中过滤介质具有至少约50g/m2的灰尘容量。
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- 2002-09-26 US US10/255,366 patent/US20030203696A1/en not_active Abandoned
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- 2003-09-15 KR KR1020057005227A patent/KR20050054967A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-09-15 JP JP2004540079A patent/JP2006500213A/ja active Pending
- 2003-09-15 AU AU2003272398A patent/AU2003272398A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-15 CA CA 2495810 patent/CA2495810A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-09-15 WO PCT/US2003/028911 patent/WO2004028662A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 2003-09-15 CN CNB038229277A patent/CN1332734C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-15 DE DE2003604195 patent/DE60304195T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-09-15 EP EP03754578A patent/EP1545741B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-09-15 AT AT03754578T patent/ATE320841T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
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2006
- 2006-04-19 HK HK06104685A patent/HK1084351A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1545741B1 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
WO2004028662A3 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
DE60304195D1 (de) | 2006-05-11 |
ATE320841T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
DE60304195T2 (de) | 2007-03-29 |
EP1545741A2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
CA2495810A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
US20030203696A1 (en) | 2003-10-30 |
KR20050054967A (ko) | 2005-06-10 |
WO2004028662A2 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
AU2003272398A1 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
CN1332734C (zh) | 2007-08-22 |
HK1084351A1 (en) | 2006-07-28 |
AU2003272398A8 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
JP2006500213A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
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