CN1658999A - 曲轴加工机械 - Google Patents
曲轴加工机械 Download PDFInfo
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- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
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- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B5/18—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
- B23Q39/04—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps
- B23Q39/048—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps the work holder of a work station transfers directly its workpiece to the work holder of a following work station
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- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/02—Driving main working members
- B23Q5/04—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles
- B23Q5/10—Driving main working members rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles driven essentially by electrical means
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/17—Crankshaft making apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
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- Y10T29/5114—Lathe and tool
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
- Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
- Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
- Y10T409/305712—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation and including means to infeed cutter toward work axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
- Y10T409/306776—Axially
- Y10T409/307168—Plural cutters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
- Y10T409/30756—Machining arcuate surface
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/40—Broaching
- Y10T409/403325—Orbital carrier for cutter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/19—Lathe for crank or crank pin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2508—Lathe with tool turret
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制造一些具有同心的和偏心的待加工表面的曲轴(15)的曲轴加工机械,这些曲轴可围绕一C轴线(5,6)旋转地被夹紧,其中,该曲轴加工机械具有一主轴箱、一对向主轴或一随转尾座、至少一可移动的纵向滑板(17,18)和一些驱动单元,这些驱动单元具有一些电动机,用于驱动所述曲轴围绕所述C轴线转动和用于一些用于刀具主轴(8,11)的组件以及一些刀具的进给,其中,在至少一个驱动所述工件主轴(1,3)和至少一个驱动所述刀具主轴(8,11)的驱动单元中,所述电动机分别设计成转矩电动机(2,4,10,13)。
Description
本发明涉及一种制造一些具有同心的和偏心的待加工表面的曲轴的曲轴加工机械,这些曲轴可围绕一C轴线旋转地被夹紧。
用于加工一些具有同心的和偏心的待加工表面的工件、尤其是曲轴的车削/铣削加工机械具有一主轴箱、一带有一些用于驱动所述工件围绕所述C轴线转动的驱动单元和电动机的对向主轴或随转尾座、至少一个带有用于刀具主轴的组件进给的驱动单元以及带有这些刀具的可移动的纵向滑板。因此这些车削/铣削加工机械尤其包括至少一个用于旋转运动的驱动单元。这样的驱动单元应理解成是那些尤其为用于驱动刀具和工件的组件(如车床主轴、C轴)所需的驱动单元,以及那些用于加工同心的和偏心的工件表面(如曲轴面)的刀具驱动装置。
已知的技术解决方案的出发点是,在用于工件主轴和刀具主轴的驱动装置中,通过电动机和一些径向可移动的齿轮和/或通过多级行星齿轮传动装置或蜗轮蜗杆传动机构以及带齿皮带传动机构来建立有效的连接。
传统的带有电动机和传动机构的驱动和进给装置具有的缺点是在装置配备方面很麻烦并且需要大的空间。此外,在铣削设备中的传动线路具有一些带有间隙的部件(例如齿轮,联轴器)和高的传动比。由此,难以想象高度精度地加工工件,因为尤其可达到的工件表面质量是受限制的。此外,由于所述间隙的存在,所述铣削单元的自身稳定性(颤振刚性)下降。在工件主轴方面,对于C轴同样存在一些带有间隙的传动机构(大部分是蜗轮蜗杆传动机构)作为驱动机构。
本发明的目的在于提供一种如说明书前言所述类型的曲轴加工机械,它能避免已公知的曲轴加工机械的上述缺点。
上述目的通过一种具有权利要求1所述特征的曲轴加工机械来实现。通过采用专门针对所述驱动动力特性和力矩平衡的转矩电动机作为既用于铣刀心轴又用于工件主轴的直接驱动装置,就消除了间隙并实现了高的刚性。由此首先可实现高质量的有效加工。通过所述新型的驱动装置既可以按照一种布置结构使所述主轴驱动装置以快速行程转速运转用于实现与角度有关的定位,又可以运转用于调节位置(称为C轴线),用于位置配置和用于以低速进行加工(铣削)。该转矩电动机是具有高角度精度和高转矩的旋转驱动装置。在应用本发明时,所述驱动装置设计用于旋转运动,这样,就可用小部分的机械构件实现无间隙的、无噪音的且无磨损的有效连接。这样的有效连接具有高稳定性、高精度和用于加工工件的高效率的特点。与此同时对于制造曲轴可采用外表面铣削、车铣加工、旋风铣削以及具有更高效率与质量的车削和拉削方法。由此可确保在碰撞情形下能更可靠地、可测算地防止所述加工刀具和夹紧件遭受过载及因此损坏。通过驱动装置的更低成本和由于无磨损及无需润滑所导致的更低维护保养成本,可实现节约成本的目的。通过转矩电动机的位置和角度精度的协调一致,可实现绝对的同步性(仅仅还有测量系统误差)和高度的精确性。借助按照本发明的曲轴铣床,可在对曲轴进行唯一一次夹固安装后,既完成对主轴承又完成对偏心的连杆轴承的加工。所达到的精度明显减少了用于精磨轴颈的费用,从而显著地节省了加工成本。另外也可实现具有磨削质量的最后加工。
按照本发明的曲轴加工机械可尤其是一台车铣床或一个车铣加工中心。
按照本发明的曲轴加工机械的其它有利改进由从属权利要求以及后面的说明书中给出。
按照本发明的曲轴加工机械在一优选的改进设计中具有成对设置的转矩电动机用于铣削设备、旋风铣削设备、拉削设备和车铣设备。在另一个优选的实施形式中,设有一用于自适应控制式调节(AC-Regelung)的装置。由此可以改善对于所述加工工艺的调控。这样在车削加工中心加工曲轴时可实现进一步的优化。
也可以在一次夹固操作后采用所述车削和铣削方法或车削和仿形铣削方法。
按照又一优选的改进设计,按照本发明的曲轴加工机械有两个成镜像对称的电子同步化的工件主轴。
有鉴于供所述刀具主轴驱动装置的安装空间有限,建议采用具有弓形绕组的转矩电动机。这样,可改善所述安装条件并由此形成更大的径向空间。所述刀具驱动装置和工件驱动装置均优选用液体来冷却。这会提高所述加工的再生产性以及进而提高其质量。
当按照本发明的曲轴加工机械的机架为铸铁结构和/或混凝土结构时,同样有助于实现特别高的加工精度。在这样的情况下特别优选采用组合式的滚动-滑动导引系统。
有鉴于按照本发明的曲轴加工机械的生产加工能力,业已证明特别有利的是,设置两个铣削单元。这两个铣削单元尤其可具备高切削速度的设有外铣齿的圆盘铣刀。
下面借助一附图示出的优选的实施方式对本发明予以详细说明,附图中:
图1是简略示出的一个按照本发明的曲轴加工机械的正视图,其中突显出所述驱动装置。
图1中示出一个带有一主轴箱的曲轴加工机械。该主轴箱带有一个可围绕C轴线6转动的第一工件主轴1。与该主轴箱对应配置的还有一个作为主轴驱动装置的转矩电动机2。该电动机2的轴线与所述夹具轴线6重合。一个测量系统7是该位置可调节的主轴驱动装置的一体式构件。与之相对地在一个带有一第二工件主轴3的对向主轴上设有一个带有一体式C轴线5的转矩电动机4作为驱动装置。所述对于曲轴加工机床的控制允许使上述两个工件主轴驱动装置实现电子化同步。
借助所述夹具14将所述一曲轴形式的待加工工件15夹紧。
所述曲轴加工机械包括两个铣削单元。在这两个铣削单元的两个可沿Z方向和W方向移动的纵向滑板或滑轨17和18上设有沿X方向和U方向可移动的横向滑板或滑轨16。每个铣削单元分别包括一个在所属刀具主轴8,11上的外表面铣刀9,12。所述外部铣刀分别通过一转矩电动机10或13来驱动。
附图标记清单:
1 第一工件主轴
2 转矩电动机
3 第二工件主轴
4 转矩电动机
5 第一C轴线
6 第二C轴线
7 测量系统
8 第一刀具主轴
9 圆盘铣刀
10 转矩电动机
11 第二刀具主轴
12 圆盘铣刀
13 转矩电动机
14 工件夹紧装置
15 曲轴
16 横向滑板(U,X)
17 纵向滑板(W)
18 纵向滑板(Z)
Claims (8)
1.一种制造一些具有同心的和偏心的待加工表面的曲轴(15)的曲轴加工机械,这些曲轴可围绕一C轴线(5,6)旋转地被夹紧,其中,该曲轴加工机械具有一主轴箱、一对向主轴或一随转尾座、至少一可移动的纵向滑板(17,18)和一些驱动单元,这些驱动单元具有一些电动机,用于驱动所述曲轴围绕所述C轴线转动和用于一些用于刀具主轴(8,11)的组件以及一些刀具的进给,其中,在至少一个驱动所述工件主轴(1,3)和至少一个驱动所述刀具主轴(8,11)的驱动单元中,所述电动机分别设计成转矩电动机(2,4,10,13)。
2.如权利要求1所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,为了直接驱动两个相互对置的工件主轴(1,3),设有两个分别包括一转矩电动机(2,4)的驱动单元。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,用于驱动刀具主轴(8,11)的转矩电动机(10,13)带有弓形绕组。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,取替所述C轴线驱动装置,单独地或成对地设置带有集成的测量系统(7)的转矩电动机(2,4),以用于定位所述工件主轴(1,3)。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,为拉削或车拉削所述曲轴(15),所述用于工件主轴(1,3)的驱动单元和/或所述用于刀具主轴(8,11)的驱动单元包括成对的转矩电动机。
6.如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,对于内孔铣削(旋风铣削),所述用于工件主轴(1,3)的驱动单元和/或所述用于刀具主轴(8,11)的驱动单元包括至少一个转矩电动机作为直接驱动装置。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,所述转矩电动机(2,4)的安装空间设置在所述工件主轴(1,2)的轴线(5,6)上和/或所述刀具主轴(8,11)的轴线上。
8.如权利要求1,3或4所述的曲轴加工机械,其特征在于,设有一个用于调节(自动控制式调节:AC-Regelung)所述用于工件主轴(1,2)的转矩电动机(2,4;10,13)的负载并结合调节所述用于铣削刀具(9,12)的驱动力。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE20208792U DE20208792U1 (de) | 2002-06-06 | 2002-06-06 | Dreh-Fräsmaschine |
DE20208792.1 | 2002-06-06 | ||
PCT/EP2003/005905 WO2003103895A1 (de) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-05 | Kurbelwellenbearbeitungsmaschine |
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CN1658999A true CN1658999A (zh) | 2005-08-24 |
CN1658999B CN1658999B (zh) | 2010-09-22 |
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CN038130394A Expired - Fee Related CN1658999B (zh) | 2002-06-06 | 2003-06-05 | 曲轴加工机械 |
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US (1) | US7065848B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1509362B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1658999B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2003245915A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2488578A1 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE20208792U1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA04011908A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2003103895A1 (zh) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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- 2002-06-06 DE DE20208792U patent/DE20208792U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-06-05 CN CN038130394A patent/CN1658999B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-05 WO PCT/EP2003/005905 patent/WO2003103895A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-06-05 DE DE50305639T patent/DE50305639D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-05 AU AU2003245915A patent/AU2003245915A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-06-05 EP EP03737997A patent/EP1509362B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-05 MX MXPA04011908A patent/MXPA04011908A/es unknown
- 2003-06-05 CA CA002488578A patent/CA2488578A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2004
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CN101687303B (zh) * | 2007-06-13 | 2013-05-29 | Emag控股有限公司 | 用于磨削凸轮轴凸轮的方法和装置 |
CN102015180B (zh) * | 2008-03-31 | 2015-10-07 | 利勃海尔-齿轮技术有限责任公司 | 加工头 |
CN101885074B (zh) * | 2009-05-11 | 2012-05-09 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | 一种曲轴底切圆角的加工装置及方法 |
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CN107708925A (zh) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-02-16 | 埃尔温容克尔机械制造有限公司 | 具有圆柱区段和异型区段的轴状工件的综合磨削加工方法 |
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CN106925824A (zh) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-07 | 浙江太阳股份有限公司 | 一种曲轴加工用卧式数控铣削设备 |
CN108637277A (zh) * | 2018-07-15 | 2018-10-12 | 赖旭亮 | 弯曲类工件表面高精度车削加工工艺及其加工设备 |
CN108637277B (zh) * | 2018-07-15 | 2023-06-30 | 赖旭亮 | 弯曲类工件表面高精度车削加工工艺及其加工设备 |
CN115415590A (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-02 | 中山精航智能科技有限公司 | 一种空调压缩机曲轴尾槽铣削工装 |
CN115415590B (zh) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-12-15 | 九江洋泰金属制品有限公司 | 一种空调压缩机曲轴尾槽铣削工装 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2003103895A1 (de) | 2003-12-18 |
CN1658999B (zh) | 2010-09-22 |
CA2488578A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
DE20208792U1 (de) | 2003-07-24 |
AU2003245915A1 (en) | 2003-12-22 |
DE50305639D1 (de) | 2006-12-21 |
EP1509362A1 (de) | 2005-03-02 |
US20050081351A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
MXPA04011908A (es) | 2005-07-26 |
EP1509362B1 (de) | 2006-11-08 |
US7065848B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 |
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