CN1597642A - Fertilizer capable of eliminating crop continuous cropping obstruct and its production method - Google Patents
Fertilizer capable of eliminating crop continuous cropping obstruct and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1597642A CN1597642A CNA2004100415078A CN200410041507A CN1597642A CN 1597642 A CN1597642 A CN 1597642A CN A2004100415078 A CNA2004100415078 A CN A2004100415078A CN 200410041507 A CN200410041507 A CN 200410041507A CN 1597642 A CN1597642 A CN 1597642A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
A fertilizer for continuous cropping of agricultural crops, especially the watermelon, cucumber, and tomato, is prepared from the straw and stalk of agricultural crops, dung of animal and droppings of fowls through proportional mixing and fermenting.
Description
One, technical field
A kind of fertilizer and the production method thereof that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles of the present invention belongs to the intensive agriculture production technology, is exclusively used in to overcome and eliminate the continuous cropping obstacles problem.
Two, technical background
The continuous cropping obstacle of melon and fruit, vegetable crop is the bottleneck problem of whole world intensification agriculture production, and the industrialized agriculture soil of thousands of hectares is constantly thrown aside owing to continuous cropping obstacle, has greatly wasted financial resources, man power and material that industrialized agriculture drops into.Therefore, the research of being carried out round the continuous cropping obstacle problem of vegetable crop and report vast as the open sealy but really solves the tangible few of practical problems, perhaps can only say to have alleviated the continuous cropping obstacle problem to a certain extent, is far from reaching the degree of thorough solution.Our result that studies for a long period of time shows that the key issue of obstruction of vegetable continuous cropping is not nutrient deficiency or imbalance, neither the soil secondary salinization problem, but the intoxicating problem of micro-flora in the soil and secondary substance thereof.
Three, summary of the invention
1. technical problem the objective of the invention is to develop a kind of fertilizer and the production method thereof that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles, thoroughly overcome or eliminate continuous cropping obstacles to a great extent, make a large amount of industrialized agriculture soil obtain self-regeneration, guarantee agriculture the shaping up that intensify.
2. technical scheme
A kind of fertilizer that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles of the present invention is characterized in that, this fertilizer be total nitrogen content be 4～5% (mass ratio, Hereinafter the same), nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 10～20%, organic 30～40% composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
The above-mentioned production method that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles fertilizer comprises:
1. crop material and feces of livestock and poultry are mixed secondary fermentation with 30～40:60～70 (with dry weight basis), treat to keep when compost temperature rises to 60-70 ℃ 5-7 days, turning every day once;
2. kept 5-7 days when treating compost temperature to 60 ℃, every 2-3 days turning once;
3. ℃ begin cooling, further after-ripening in composting 8-10 days again to compost temperature from 50-60;
4. the organic materials after will fermenting mixes with the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer of 1-4% (dry weight percentage), fertilizer is made in granulation.
In the above-mentioned production method that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles fertilizer, used inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer refers to ammonium fertilizer, preferably ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate.Used crop material preferably is crushed to paddy rice and the wheat stalk of 10～30cm.
A kind of fertilizer and the production method thereof that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles of beneficial effect the present invention, utilize carbon source abundant in organism of fermentation in the feces of livestock and poultry and the crop material to be fermented into the fertilizer that contains abundant aldehydes matter at short notice, make composite organic-inorganic fertilizer again with after inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer mixes, its fertilizer product is compared with product in the market has following advantage:
1. the aldehydes matter that contains a large amount in the fertilizer product.Phenolic content has extremely significant inhibitory effect up to 1.64% to the pathogenic microorganism in the continuous cropping obstacle soil (being mainly Mycophyta), and aldehydes matter is very little in the organic fertilizer product in the market.
2. the quantity of the basic factor fungi of continuous cropping is poly-so is reduced to 0.8 * 10
5Individual/g soil, there is not significant difference with the soil of no continuous cropping obstacle.Used the crop material of 30-40% in the raw material of this products production, fermentation time is grasped (spring, summer, autumn) and 25-30 days (winter) about 20 days, make the decomposition of crop material be in mid-term stage, understand immediately after being manured into soil, continue to decompose, make a large amount of breedings of beneficial microorganism fauna (being mainly bacterium) in the soil, bacterial number approaches not have the soil of continuous cropping obstacle.
3. product organophosphorus content of the present invention is high especially, full phosphorus (organic) content 4.01%.One of this products material is an animal dung, and total phosphorous is very high, and biological effectiveness is high especially, need not to add any phosphatization fertilizer that contains in making commodity organic-inorganic fertilizer product, uses to make behind the product of the present invention crop spend phosphorus in seedling stage plain critical porion smoothly.By contrast, it is relatively poor to contain the phosphatization fertilizer artifact validity that is manured into soil.
4. this products production raw material sources extensively enrich, raw materials cost is very low, production technique is easy, the fixed capital less investment, the power consumption water consumption is few in the production process, so the product price is low and with strong points, and all costs of 1 ton of organic fertilizer with high nitrogen of the every production of producer are no more than 500 yuan, and it is very in short supply on market at present to resemble this special special-purpose fertilizer, so this product has powerful society, environment and economic vaibility.
5. test-results shows, after using fertilizer of the present invention on the soil of succession crops such as watermelon, cucumber, tomato, can significantly eliminate its continuous cropping obstacle factor, elimination factor reaches more than 85%, do not use promptly that this fertilizer handles, the fruit yield of three kinds of crops is almost near zero on the continuous cropping soil, and the fruit yield of using three kinds of crops that this fertilizer handles is not have 85% of continuous cropping obstacle soil, the continuous soil of using this fertilizer in 3 years, the continuous cropping obstacle elimination factor is higher.
Four, embodiment
Crop material and feces of livestock and poultry 30～40:60～70 (with dry weight basis) are mixed secondary fermentation, treat to keep when compost temperature rises to 60～70 ℃ 5～7 days (turning every day once), treat to keep when compost temperature rises to 60 ℃ of left and right sides 5～7 days (every 2-3 days turning once) again, until compost temperature since 50～60 ℃ of coolings, composting further after-ripening in 8～10 days again, the organic materials after the fermentation mixes with the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer of 1-4% (dry weight percentage), it is (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is more than 10%) more than 4% that total nitrogen content is made in granulation, organic composite organic-inorganic fertilizer more than 30%.Fertilizer Production Time is about 20 days in spring, summer, autumn, is 25-30 days in winter.
Embodiment: crop material and feces of livestock and poultry are mixed secondary fermentation with 30: 65 (with dry weight basis), treat to keep when compost temperature rises to 60～70 ℃ 5～7 days (turning every day once), keep when treating compost temperature to the 60 ℃ left and right sides again 5～7 days (every 2-3 days turning once), until compost temperature since 50～60 ℃ of coolings, composting further after-ripening in 8～10 days again, the ammonium chloride of the organic materials after the fermentation and 2% (dry weight percentage) mixes, it is (nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient is more than 10%) more than 4% that total nitrogen content is made in granulation, organic composite organic-inorganic fertilizer (table 1) more than 30%.
Some characteristic of table 1 product of the present invention
| Total organic matter (%) | Soluble carbon (%) | Phenolic content (%) | Full nitrogen (%) | Full phosphorus (organic) (%) | Full potassium (%) | PH (flooding) |
| 31.1 | 6.07 | 1.64 | 4.03 | 4.01 | 2.46 | 6.8 |
Table 1 shows that organic (total organic carbon * 1.7) content can be up to more than 31% in the product of producing by the technology of the present invention and production technique, and contain 6.07% soluble carbon very at high proportion, this is the prolific basic substance of beneficial microorganism after this product is manured into soil; Phenolic content is that any other fertilizer institute is inaccessiable up to 1.64%, and this is very favourable to the growth that suppresses pathogenic bacteria (fungi); Also having a characteristic in this product is exactly that organophosphorus content is high especially, full phosphorus (organic) content 4.01%, not only significantly promote soil microbial activities after being manured into soil, and improve acidity and alkaline phosphatase activities in the soil greatly, the plain nutrition of crops seedling stage phosphorus is improved greatly.Above characteristic has proved absolutely the feasibility of the extraordinary composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that the technology of the present invention and production technique are made.
The extraordinary composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that the present invention developed is to the yield increasing effect highly significant (seeing Table 2) of crop on the continuous cropping soil, if do not use this product on the soil of continuous cropping obstacle having as shown in Table 2, tomato, the output of watermelon and cucumber is very low, and there is not on the same soil of continuous cropping obstacle output higher, illustrate that the used soil continuous cropping obstacle of test is very serious, have use this product on the soil of continuous cropping obstacle after tomato, the output of watermelon and cucumber is poly-to be increased (table 2 the 3rd row), they have reached does not respectively have 84% of continuous cropping obstacle soil output, 85% and 87%, illustrate that this product is very tangible overcoming aspect the continuous cropping obstacles effect.
The extraordinary composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that the present invention developed is to microbiotic influence on the continuous cropping soil also highly significant (seeing Table 3), and fungi quantity 0.8 * 10 on the soil of continuous cropping obstacle is arranged as shown in Table 3
5Individual/g soil is significantly higher than the fungi quantity 0.6 * 10 of the soil of no continuous cropping obstacle
5Individual/g soil and bacterial number 51.3 * 10 on the soil of continuous cropping obstacle is arranged
9Individual/g soil significantly is lower than the soil bacteria quantity 55.2 * 10 of no continuous cropping obstacle
9Individual/g soil, a large amount of breedings that fungi on the continuous cropping soil (being mainly pathogenic fungi) is described are basic factors of continuous cropping, micro-flora is greatly improved after using product of the present invention, and its bacterial number approaches not have the soil of continuous cropping obstacle, so is reduced to 0.8 * 10 and the quantity of fungi is poly-
5Individual/g soil, there is not significant difference with the soil of no continuous cropping obstacle.
The extraordinary composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that table 2 is developed is to the yield increasing effect (field test) of crop on the continuous cropping soil
| Tomato fruit fresh weight (g/ strain) | Watermelon fruit fresh weight (g/ strain) | Cucumber fruit fresh weight (g/ strain) | |
| CK1 (soil that continuous cropping obstacle is arranged) | 50.5±3.4 | 378±30.5 | 132±56.9 |
| CK2 (soil of no continuous cropping obstacle) | 408±21.9 | 4667±239 | 1500±123 |
| This product of CK1+ (100kg/ mu) | 346±52.7 | 3978±256 | 1307±148 |
| This product of CK2+ (100kg/ mu) | 567±43.2 | 5823±309 | 1802±169 |
Annotate: all fertilizer are all disposable to apply
The extraordinary composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that table 3 the present invention is developed is to microbiotic influence (pot experiment) on the continuous cropping soil
| Bacterium (10 9Individual/g soil) | Actinomycetes (10 7Individual/g soil) | Fungi (10 5Individual/g soil) | |
| CK1 (soil that continuous cropping obstacle is arranged) | ???????0.5 | ????????3.1 | ???????2.9 |
| CK2 (soil of no continuous cropping obstacle) | ???????55.2 | ????????8.6 | ???????0.6 |
| This product of CK1+ (1g/kg) | ???????51.3 | ????????8.2 | ???????0.8 |
| This product of CK2+ (1g/kg) | ???????54.8 | ????????7.9 | ???????1.1 |
Annotate: all fertilizer are all disposable to apply
Replacing ammonium chloride with ammonium sulfate in the foregoing description is that those of ordinary skill can be accomplished, can reach same effect.
Patent of the present invention is set about from micro-flora and this key issue of secondary substance intoxicating thereof, develops a kind of fertilizer product that can significantly eliminate the continuous cropping obstacles factor, and elimination factor reaches more than 85%.The mechanism of action of this fertilizer product is that effective carbon source that this fertilizer product provides provides good nutriment to the cultivation of continuous cropping obstacle soil beneficial microorganism fauna, makes it to recover rapidly indigenous microorganism ecology and food chain thereof; On the other hand, contain the phenolic acid of high level in this fertilizer product, these materials have extremely significant inhibitory effect to the pathogenic microorganism in the continuous cropping obstacle soil (being mainly Mycophyta); Moreover, contain the excitor substance of essential nutritive element of all plants and root growth thereof in this fertilizer product, can improve the upright seedling rate of crop greatly.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of fertilizer that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles is characterized in that, this fertilizer be total nitrogen content be 4～5% (mass ratio, Hereinafter the same), nitrogen phosphorus potassium total nutrient 10～20%, organic 30～40% composite organic-inorganic fertilizer.
2, the described production method that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles fertilizer of claim 1 comprises:
1) with crop material and feces of livestock and poultry with 30～40: 60～70 (with dry weight basis) mix secondary fermentation, treat to keep when compost temperature rises to 60-70 ℃ 5-7 days, and turning every day is once;
2) kept 5-7 days during compost temperature to 60 ℃, every 2-3 days turning once;
3) compost temperature begins cooling, further after-ripening in composting 8-10 days again from 50-60 ℃;
4) organic materials after the fermentation mixes with the inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer of 1-4% (dry weight percentage), granulation makes fertilizer.
3. according to the described production method that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles fertilizer of claim 2, it is characterized in that used inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer refers to ammonium fertilizer.
4, according to claim 2 or the 3 described production methods that can eliminate continuous cropping obstacles fertilizer, it is characterized in that used inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate preferably.
5, according to claim 2 or 3 described a kind of methods of utilizing crop material and feces of livestock and poultry to make fertilizer, it is characterized in that used crop material preferably is crushed to paddy rice and the wheat stalk of 10～30cm.
6, according to the described a kind of method of utilizing crop material and feces of livestock and poultry to make fertilizer of claim 4, it is characterized in that used crop material preferably is crushed to paddy rice and the wheat stalk of 10～30cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNA2004100415078A CN1597642A (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2004-07-27 | Fertilizer capable of eliminating crop continuous cropping obstruct and its production method |
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| CNA2004100415078A CN1597642A (en) | 2004-07-27 | 2004-07-27 | Fertilizer capable of eliminating crop continuous cropping obstruct and its production method |
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| CN1597642A true CN1597642A (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101857503A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-10-13 | 沈阳农业大学 | Nutrient substrate for reducing morbidity rate of soil-borne disease of cucumber and preparation method thereof |
| CN101595794B (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2010-12-08 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon |
| CN101948780A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-01-19 | 南京农业大学 | Antagonist bacterium for preventing and treating continuous cropping hot pepper epidemic disease and microbial organic fertilizer thereof |
| CN101983546A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-03-09 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for preventing and curing vegetable soil continuous cropping obstacle by crop straw |
| CN101884293B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2012-01-11 | 山东农业大学 | New method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of apple |
| CN102424613A (en) * | 2011-07-30 | 2012-04-25 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Comprehensive system and method for cooperative utilization of agricultural wastes |
| CN104788159A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-22 | 韦俊 | Preparation method of special compound fertilizer for cucumbers |
| CN114436689A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-06 | 福建御研农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving ginger continuous cropping soil by using bio-organic fertilizer |
-
2004
- 2004-07-27 CN CNA2004100415078A patent/CN1597642A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101884293B (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2012-01-11 | 山东农业大学 | New method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of apple |
| CN101595794B (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2010-12-08 | 东北农业大学 | Ecological planting method for overcoming continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon |
| CN101857503A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-10-13 | 沈阳农业大学 | Nutrient substrate for reducing morbidity rate of soil-borne disease of cucumber and preparation method thereof |
| CN101948780A (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2011-01-19 | 南京农业大学 | Antagonist bacterium for preventing and treating continuous cropping hot pepper epidemic disease and microbial organic fertilizer thereof |
| CN101948780B (en) * | 2010-09-01 | 2012-05-09 | 南京农业大学 | Antagonist bacterium for preventing and treating continuous cropping hot pepper epidemic disease and microbial organic fertilizer thereof |
| CN101983546A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2011-03-09 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Method for preventing and curing vegetable soil continuous cropping obstacle by crop straw |
| CN102424613A (en) * | 2011-07-30 | 2012-04-25 | 华电电力科学研究院 | Comprehensive system and method for cooperative utilization of agricultural wastes |
| CN104788159A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-22 | 韦俊 | Preparation method of special compound fertilizer for cucumbers |
| CN114436689A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-05-06 | 福建御研农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving ginger continuous cropping soil by using bio-organic fertilizer |
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