CN1583685A

CN1583685A - Preparation for urase and nitrifier inhibitor and preparing method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN1583685A
Application number: CNA200410046244XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙庆元; 张雪崧
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2004-06-08
Filing date: 2004-06-08
Publication date: 2005-02-23

Abstract

A preparation is prepared from urease depressant (lipoamino phosphotriamins), nitrobacterium depressant (DCD) and filler (talc powder containing SiO2 or bentone) through pulverizing, sieving proportional mixing and stirring.

Description

Novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor and preparation method thereof

The invention relates to nitrogenous fertilizer urea, in particular to a novel preparation of a urease inhibitor and a preparation method thereof.

Urea (molecular formula is (NH)₂)₂CO) is the most widely used fertilizer in the world. The theoretical nitrogen content of the urea is 46.65 percent, and the nitrogen fertilizer is the neutral quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer with the highest nitrogen content and the highest ratio of nitrogen content to price at present. These excellent properties have led to an increasing share of urea in the nitrogen fertilizer market. However, the utilization efficiency of nitrogen in urea is less than 50%. Urea ishydrolyzed under the catalysis of urease to generate an intermediate product, under wet condition, the intermediate product can generate ammonium ion and carbon dioxide, (ii) a Under the dry condition, the intermediate product can generate ammonia gas and carbon dioxide, . Urease is produced during the metabolism of soil microbe and can maintain the activity of microbe in vitro. Because the soil urease has strong capability of resisting natural decomposition, the soil urease can be used in the soilAnd (4) accumulating. The enzymatic hydrolysis of urea from soil urea to ammonium ions which can be absorbed by plants for plant growth. However, the amount of urease-decomposed urea produced and accumulated by soil microorganisms far exceeds the amount that plants can absorb. This is known as rapid-acting nitrogen fertilizer. When the urea is applied to dry soil, the urea is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis to generate ammonia which is easy to volatilize and run off; even in moist soil, a part of ammonium ions generated by hydrolysis of urea is lost by nitrogen gas generated by nitrification and denitrification processes of microorganisms, or nitrate and nitrite ions generated in the nitrification process enter crop bodies to reduce the quality of agricultural products.

The invention aims to provide a novel preparation of urease and a nitrobacteria inhibitor and a preparation method thereof, the novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor is mixed with urea for application, and the urease inhibitor in the preparation can partially inhibit the urease in soil, so that the urea is slowly decomposed, and the time of supplying ammonium ions to plant roots by the urea is prolonged; the nitrobacteria inhibitor in the preparation can reduce the nitrification of ammonium ions in soil, thereby prolonging the retention time of the ammonium ions in the soil, providing longer time and more opportunities for plant roots to absorb the ammonium ions, improving the utilization efficiency of urea and simultaneously reducing the pollution of nitrite ions generated in the nitrification process to agricultural products and underground water.

The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: 1 part of urease inhibitor, 0.1-1.5 parts of nitrobacteria inhibitor and 0.1-2 parts of filler are mixed according to the weight ratio to prepare a preparation of urease inhibitor and nitrobacteria inhibitor; the preparation of the urease inhibitor and the nitrobacteria inhibitor is mixed with urea before application, the ratio of the preparation to the urea is 0.1-2: 100, and the application method is the same as that of the urea, so that the urea is suitable for farmlands, orchards, vegetable gardens, woodlands and grasslands; the urease inhibitor is fatty amido phosphoric triamide which meets the following molecular structural formula of the compound: R1-NH-PX-NH-R2; wherein R1 is an alkyl group with more than or equal to 1 and less than 5 carbon chains, R2 is an alkyl group with more than or equal to 1 and less than 5 carbon chains, N is nitrogen element, H is hydrogen element, P is phosphorus element, and X is one of the following elements: oxygen, sulfur, no element; the nitrobacteria inhibitor is dicyandiamide (DCD); the fillers are talcum powder and bentonite which mainly contain silicon dioxide; the preparation method of the novel preparation of the urease inhibitor and the nitrobacteria inhibitor is characterized in that raw materials are crushed and sieved, then mixed in proportion and stirred uniformly, and the physical and chemical properties and the biological characteristics of the urease inhibitor and the nitrobacteria inhibitor are not changed mutually, and the physical andchemical properties of urea are not influenced by the urease inhibitor and the nitrobacteria inhibitor.

The invention has the following characteristics:

1. the invention integrates urease inhibition and nitrobacteria inhibition, improves the utilization efficiency of urea to more than 70 percent, and simultaneously reduces the pollution of nitrite ions generated in the nitration process to agricultural products and the pollution to the environment.

2. The novel preparation of the urease inhibitor and the nitrobacteria inhibitor can be mixed with urea, has low cost and convenient application, and is suitable for agricultural machinery fertilization and manual fertilization.

3. The novel preparation of the urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor has the advantages of simple preparation method, strong operability, low investment and quick response.

4. The urease inhibitor is mixed with urea and applied to soil, so that the activity of urease in the soil around part of the urea is inhibited, and the supply of ammonium ions capable of being absorbed by plant roots is not influenced.

5. The novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor can be naturally decomposed into NH₄ ⁺And a small amount of PO₄ ^-、S^2-And SO₄ ^-Ions which can be taken as the nutrition of the plant and absorbed by the plant root system. No pollution to the environment.

Example 1: according to the weight ratio, 1 part of urease inhibitor, 1 part of nitrobacteria inhibitor and 8 parts of bentonite (500 meshes) are uniformly mixed to form 10 kg of novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor, and then the novel preparation is uniformly mixed with 100 kg of urea to be used as a base fertilizer. The application method is the same as that of urea, 12 kilograms of urea is applied to soybeans per mu, 20 kilograms of urea is applied to corns per mu, and the area of a cell is 33.6. The control was urea alone, treated as a novel formulation mixture of the urea and urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor. Compared with the control, the soybean yield is increased by 7.39%, and the corn yield is increased by 19.55% (table 1).

TABLE 1 Effect of novel formulations of urease and Nitrobacter inhibitors on Soybean and corn production (kg/33.6)

Cell	I Control treatment	II Control treatment	III Control treatment	Average Control treatment	Yield ratio (%) Control treatment
Cell	I Control treatment	II Control treatment	III Control treatment	Average Control treatment	Yield ratio (%) Control treatment	Soybean yield	8.0 9.0	8.5 9.2	8.3 9.4	8.3 9.2	0 10.84
Corn yield	22 28	22 26	22 25	22 26.3	0 19.55	Soybean yield	8.0 9.0	8.5 9.2	8.3 9.4	8.3 9.2	0 10.84

Example 2: according to the weight ratio, 1 part of urease inhibitor, 1 part of nitrobacteria inhibitor and 8.5 parts of bentonite (500 meshes) are uniformly mixed to form 10 kg of novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor, and then the novel preparation is uniformly mixed with 200 kg of urea to be used as a base fertilizer. The application method is the same as that of urea, 12 kilograms of urea is applied to soybeans per mu, 20 kilograms of urea is applied to corns per mu, and the area of a cell is 33.6. The control was urea alone, treated as a novel formulation mixture of the urea and urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor. Compared with the control, the soybean yield is increased by 6.35%, and the corn yield is increased by 13.64% (table 2).

TABLE 2 Effect of novel formulations of urease and Nitrobacter inhibitors on Soybean and corn production (kg/33.6)

Cell	I Control treatment	II Control treatment	III Control treatment	Average Control treatment	Yield ratio (%) Control treatment
Cell	I Control treatment	II Control treatment	III Control treatment	Average Control treatment	Yield ratio (%) Control treatment	Soybean yield	3.4 3.7	3.0 3.2	3.7 3.8	3.4 3.6	0 6.35
Corn yield	22 25	22 26	22 24	22 25	0 13.64	Soybean yield	3.4 3.7	3.0 3.2	3.7 3.8	3.4 3.6	0 6.35

Example 3: according to the weight ratio, 1 part of urease inhibitor, 0.5 part of nitrobacteria inhibitor and 8.5 parts of bentonite (500 meshes) are uniformly mixed to form 10 kg of novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor, and then the novel preparation is uniformly mixed with 100 kg of urea to be used as base fertilizer. The application method is the same as that of urea, 12 kilograms of urea is applied to soybeans per mu, 20 kilograms of urea is applied to corns per mu, and the area of a cell is 33.6. The control was urea alone, treated as a novel formulation mixture of the urea and urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor. Compared with the control, the soybean yield is increased by 7.25%, and the corn yield is increased by 10.61% (table 3).

TABLE 3 Effect of novel formulations of urease and Nitrobacter inhibitors on Soybean and corn production (kg/33.6)

Cell	I Control treatment	II Control treatment	III Control treatment	Average Control treatment	Yield ratio (%) Control treatment
Cell	I Control treatment	II Control treatment	III Control treatment	Average Control treatment	Yield ratio (%) Control treatment	Soybean yield	3.8 4.0	4.0 3.7	3.2 4.2	3.6 3.9	0 7.25
Corn yield	22 24	22 26	22 23	22 24	0 10.61	Soybean yield	3.8 4.0	4.0 3.7	3.2 4.2	3.6 3.9	0 7.25

Claims

1. A novel preparation of urease and nitrobacteria inhibitor is characterized in that: contains urease inhibitor, nitrobacteria inhibitor and filler.

2. The novel preparation of urease and nitrifying bacteria inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein the weight portion ratio of each component is:

10 to 40 percent of urease inhibitor

10 to 40 percent of nitrobacteria inhibitor

20 to 80 percent of filling material

3. The novel formulation of urease and nitrifying bacteria inhibitor according to claim 1 wherein the urease inhibitor is a fatty amino phosphoric triamide.

4. The urease inhibitor according to claim 3 wherein said fatty amine based phosphoric triamide corresponds to the following compound molecular structure: R1-NH-PX-NH-R2; wherein R1 is an alkyl group with a carbon chain of 1 to 5; r2 is an alkyl with more than or equal to 1 and less than 5 carbon chains; n is nitrogen element; h is hydrogen element; p is phosphorus element; x is one of the following elements: oxygen element, sulfur element and chlorine element.

5. The novel formulation of urease and nitrifying bacteria inhibitor according to claim 1 wherein the nitrifying bacteria inhibitor is dicyandiamide (DCD).

6. The novel preparation of urease inhibitor and nitrifying bacteria inhibitor according to claim 1 wherein the filler is talc or bentonite containing mainly silica.

7. A process for preparing the novel preparation of urease and nitrifying bacteria inhibitor as claimed in claims 1-6, which is characterized by pulverizing the raw materials, sieving, proportionally mixing, and stirring.

8. The novel preparation of urease inhibitor and nitrifying bacteria inhibitor according to claim 1, wherein 1 part of the novel preparation is mixed with 50-1000 parts of urea and applied to farmland, orchard, vegetable garden, forest land and grassland.