CN1559185A

CN1559185A - Method for selectively culturig with cytoplasmic male sterile line and its hybridized combination

Info

Publication number: CN1559185A
Application number: CNA2004100047146A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 简元才; 丁云花
Original assignee: Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Current assignee: Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
Priority date: 2004-02-24
Filing date: 2004-02-24
Publication date: 2005-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2024-02-24
Also published as: CN1236669C

Abstract

A method for selectively culturing the cytoplasmic male sterile line of cabbage and its hybridized combination includes such steps as hybridizing between cytoplasmimale sterile material and selfed maintenance line of cabbage to obtain No.1 cross generation, 6-generation backcrossing with selfed maintenance line of cabbage to obtain the cytoplasmic male sterile line, crossing with the excellent self-line of cabbage to obtain the No.1 cross generation F, and field screening more times to obtain the hybridized combination of cabbage.

Description

The selection of wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line and hybrid combination thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the selection of wild cabbage.

Background technology

Wild cabbage originates from the Mediterranean bank, imports the history in existing more than 300 year of China into.At present, it has become the main vegetable crop of China, and annual China wild cabbage cultivated area has more than 6,000,000 mu approximately, all occupies critical role in the vegetables year-round supply at home and the export trade.Cultivating improved seeds by genetic breeding is the important technique measure that improves the wild cabbage level of production, therefore, is subjected to the attention of governments at all levels and scientific research institutions always.Because wild cabbage is long at American-European countries's cultivation history, germ plasm resource is abundant, and China's wild cabbage research level is also very backward, and is therefore before the sixties, very important by the external good wild cabbage germ plasm resource of external introduction.Because the hybrid vigour of wild cabbage is obvious, to the seventies, the wild cabbage new varieties overwhelming majority of abroad breeding is half-blood, China's wild cabbage first generation of hybrid breeding technique was also existing at that time breaks through, and the present patent application people and the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's Vegetable Research Institute joint study have been bred domestic first cabbage hybrid-capital rich No. one.Afterwards, breed 6 good half-bloods again successively, these 7 serial improved seeds have obtained national first class invetion award in the eighties, have from then on changed the passive situation of China's dependence from external import cabbage seed, at present, first generation of hybrid cultivated area has accounted for more than 95% of China's wild cabbage area under cultivation.

But up to the present, China and countries in the world produce the wild cabbage half-blood that goes up use and still nearly all utilize the self incompatible line preparation.Because this approach exists hybrid rate to be difficult to reach 100%, the long-term selfing of parent is degenerated easily, need artificial bud pollination to cause defectives such as cost increase during parent propagation, so countries in the world all utilizes male sterile approach in active research.Male sterile research starts from the later stage seventies to wild cabbage in China, and so far, R﹠D institutions of a few institute such as the present patent application people, vegetable or flower research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu, academy of agricultural sciences, Shanghai successively find or introduce several wild cabbage male sterile materials.But, its actual utilization is very restricted because there is certain limitation in these sterile materials.Sterile plant rate as recessive nuclear gene wild cabbage male sterile line 83121ms has only 50%, must pull out 50% educated strain during the production of hybrid seeds, the time-consuming ground that takes, breeding cost height; Black mustard kytoplasm wild cabbage male sterile line CMSN78091 exists nectary to degenerate problems such as seedling low temperature yellow.Though radish kytoplasm wild cabbage male sterile line CMSR1 and improvement radish kytoplasm wild cabbage male sterile line CMsR2 have overcome the above two defective, sterile plant rate can reach 100%, but because lobus cardiacus yellow under the more weak or low temperature of plant strain growth gesture, the proterties of blossoming and bearing fruit is poor, plant the pod deformity, coordinate force is not strong yet, therefore is difficult in to obtain in the actual breeding utilizing yet.Found dominance kernel male sterile gene M s in the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences's vegetable or flower place wild cabbage, and cultivated wild cabbage dominance genic male sterile line, its sterile plant rate and sterile degree all reach 100%, and plant strain growth, blossoming and bearing fruit property are all normal, obtain utilizing in the seed selection research of wild cabbage new varieties.But the maintenance of dominance kernel male sterile, breeding need the method for tissue culture, and the acquisition of male sterile line is comparatively loaded down with trivial details.Therefore for overcoming above-mentioned defective, seek can actual utilization wild cabbage male sterile source and the simple and easy to do selection of male sterile line thereof, be very necessary in wild cabbage breeding research and actual production.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is provides wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line and the breeding of hybrid combination method thereof that a kind of sterility is stable, transformation is easy, coordinate force is strong, the comprehensive agronomy proterties is good for the seed selection of the wild cabbage first generation of hybrid.

For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following scheme:

1, makes female parent with wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterility material, carry out artificial bud pollination hybridization, obtain a transformation generation with the wild cabbage inbred line;

2, a transformation generation identifies through the field, selects the excellent sterile individual plant, again with the wild cabbage selfing be recurrent parent carry out six generation backcross transformation;

3, backcross and obtain the wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line of inheritance stability after six generations, recurrent parent is its maintenance line;

4, be female parent with the wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line that obtains, the good selfing of wild cabbage is that male parent is carried out the hybrid combination preparation, and through field observation, evaluation, the sub-district comparation and assessment filter out the good wild cabbage hybrid combination of comprehensive proterties.

Advantage of the present invention is: wild cabbage male sterile is cytoplasmic sterility, and with maternal inheritance, its sterility is stable, and sterile plant rate and sterile degree are 100%, the nectary prosperity, and nectar is many, and column cap is normal, and the proterties of blossoming and bearing fruit is good, seedling not yellow under cryogenic conditions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a breeding line spectrogram of the present invention.

Embodiment

One, seed selection process can be with reference to figure 1.

1, introduced three parts of wild cabbage male sterile materials (CMS038, CMS041, CMS042) in 1997 from Europe, the U.S., Japan and other places, through field observation, evaluation, find three parts of material not yellows of seedling at low temperatures, the reproductive stage flowering is normal, stamen is all degenerated, gynoecium is normal, and wherein the nectary of CMS038 and CMS041 is big, and nectar is many; The nectary of CMS042 is littler than the above two, and nectar is also less relatively.The fine individual plant of selecting and remain after identify in the field autumn is heeled in cold bed and survives the winter, and the good inbred line of next spring and wild cabbage is carried out the artificial bagging pollination of flower bud phase, obtains a transformation generation.

2, the fine individual plant with a transformation generation carries out backcross transformation with the wild cabbage inbred line again.To the botany proterties of each Dai Douxu investigation plant of transformation, the individual plant that does very well the backcross parent of selecting and remain as next round.

3, behind six generation backcross transformations, obtain the wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line (CMC021, CMC024, CM084, CMS02, CMS01) of inheritance stability.It is 100% sterile that this male sterile line shows as, and economic characters are good.

4, join 77 of hybrid combinations with male sterile line and the examination of good wild cabbage inbred line, identify in the field in carrying out in spring, two seasons of autumn, screening, combining ability test, final seed selection obtains the precocious combination of the good spring wild cabbage of comprehensive The Characters 3 (CS2, CS3, CS88) and 3 (CA3, CA7, CA18) of autumn wild cabbage combination.

Two, essential characteristic characteristic

1, the feature of wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line

The wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line sterility of utilizing the introduction male sterile material to carry out the transformation acquisition is stablized, and many generations backcross and do not degenerate, and transformation is easy, and coordinate force is strong, and winter habit is strong, and is heat-resisting, disease-resistant.By relatively male sterile line is with maintenance line is except having on fertility the difference accordingly, other proterties is in full accord.Plant does not show yellow under cryogenic conditions, open normal the reproductive stage floral organ, the nectary prosperity, column cap is also very normal, the flower pesticide serious degradation, defectives such as the sterile degree of sterile plant rate and sterile strain is 100%, has overcome other wild cabbage male sterile material sterile plant rate and has had only 50%, and perhaps down performance yellow of low temperature, column cap deformity, fruit character are bad.

2, the key property of good hybrid combination

Precocious combination of spring CS2: precocity, 45-50 days results after the field planting, about the heavy 1Kg of single ball, spheroidal, winter habit is stronger, is difficult for underdone bolting in advance, and disease resistance is strong.

Precocious combination of spring CS3: precocity, results about 50 days after the field planting, the heavy 1.0-1.2Kg of single ball, spheroidal, winter habit is strong, anti-underdone bolting in advance, disease resistance is strong.

Precocious combination of spring CS88: precocity, 50-55 days results after the field planting, about the heavy 1.2Kg of single ball, spheroidal, winter habit is strong, anti-underdone bolting in advance, disease resistance is strong.

Autumn combination CA3: in ripe, field planting was to results about 75 days, and is heat-resisting, disease-resistant, leaf-head oblateness, the heavy 2.5-3.0Kg of single ball.

Autumn combination CA7: in ripe, field planting was to results about 75 days, and is heat-resisting, disease-resistant, the leaf-head oblateness is about the heavy 3.0Kg of single ball.

Autumn combination CA18: mid-early maturity, field planting is to gathering in the crops 65-70 days, and is heat-resisting, disease-resistant, and the leaf-head circle is about the heavy 1.5Kg of single ball.

Three, breeding, seeding technique main points

1, parent propagation: adopt hut or booth to collect seed.At the sterile line propagation canopy, male sterile line and corresponding maintenance line are planted with 1: 2 or 1: 3 ratio, make two to be flower synchronization sowing time by adjusting.In canopy, discharge honeybee pollination flowering stage, pull out maintenance line after the florescence finishes.Obtain maternal seed from the seed collecting of male sterile line plant.Male parent seed collecting canopy flowering stage by honeybee pollination, improve the seed collecting amount.

2, first generation of hybrid seeding technique:

(1) the strict isolation: must take strict quarantine measures in production of hybrid seeds base, preferably natural cover is isolated and the time isolation, if use distance isolation, isolation distance should be more than 2000 meters.

(2) adjust date of seeding: male sterile line CMS021, CMS024, CMS084, CMS02 and CMS01 with seed selection of the present invention are female parent, and good inbred line 97025,95123,95100,019 is carried out hybrid seeding for male parent.Because this florescence of father and mother is inconsistent, when the production of hybrid seeds,, improve seed collecting output in order to guarantee this flower synchronization of father and mother, need to adjust both sowing time at seeding time according to production of hybrid seeds ground weather conditions.

(3) field planting ratio: generally speaking, male parent: maternal ratio according to 1: 2 or 1: 3 is carried out field planting.

(4) field management: in the Beijing area, generally in sowing mid-August, 2-3 leaf time-division seedling, the field planting of 5-6 leaf, 40 * 55 centimetres of seeding row spacings.Rosette stage late October lifting, survive the winter in the ditch village.Be colonizated in open country in mid-March, second.Note the timely discovery of assorted strain and pull out.Strengthen the pest management in field.

Claims

1. the selection of wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line and hybrid combination thereof, it is characterized in that: obtain a transformation generation with cytoplasmic male sterility material and wild cabbage hybridization between selfed lines, again with the wild cabbage selfing be recurrent parent carry out six generation backcross transformation, obtain the wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line of inheritance stability, recurrent parent is its maintenance line; Sterile with this is maternal, with the good hybridization between selfed lines of wild cabbage, obtains first generation of hybrid F1, and repeatedly repetitive identified screening selects good wild cabbage hybrid combination through the field.

2. the selection of wild cabbage cytoplasmic male sterile line according to claim 1 and hybrid combination thereof is characterized in that: described cytoplasmic male sterility material is a kind of among CMS038, CMS041, the CMS042.