CN1507481A - 使用预施加粘合剂结合镶板的方法 - Google Patents

使用预施加粘合剂结合镶板的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1507481A
CN1507481A CNA028093844A CN02809384A CN1507481A CN 1507481 A CN1507481 A CN 1507481A CN A028093844 A CNA028093844 A CN A028093844A CN 02809384 A CN02809384 A CN 02809384A CN 1507481 A CN1507481 A CN 1507481A
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China
Prior art keywords
acid
panelling
acrylate
compound
ester
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Pending
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CNA028093844A
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English (en)
Inventor
斯各特・R・杜尔索
斯各特·R·杜尔索
・E・豪
斯蒂芬·E·豪
W・普莱斯利
马克·W·普莱斯利
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Lord Corp
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Lord Corp
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Publication of CN1507481A publication Critical patent/CN1507481A/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G11/00—Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B29C65/522—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by spraying, e.g. by flame spraying
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

本发明涉及多个结合镶板组件的组装。在一些单独组件的一个或多个面或边上预施加有可固化粘合剂。在互补边缘上施加引发金属活化剂并在组件组装后激活固化。预施加粘合剂体系包含：单体、引发剂、低聚物，一种酸和一种含有磺酰基的化合物。一种引发或活化金属箔、分散体或涂料施加于互补表面上。当粘性体系被配合边活化时便发生结合。活化金属是可还原的元素过渡金属。金属附着在一个表面上，该表面被位于和分散在补组件上的可固化粘合剂相邻。本发明可被用于木料、木制品、木质复合材料、热固性聚合物镶板、非引发金属镶板和热塑性/木质复合材料等的结合中，以提供具有例如墙或地板覆盖物的外观面的自结合组件，尤其用于镶嵌板形构件的组装。

Description

使用预施加粘合剂结合镶板的方法
本申请要求享受于2001年5月11日提交的美国临时申请60/290,424的利益
发明所属领域
本发明涉及非金属镶板，例如低，中或高密度纤维板，胶合板和/或其热塑基材的胶粘结合。
发明背景
预组装器件，如家具，办公部件，可以通过工程机械紧固系统来组装，该系统是凹陷的并且包含可以增进美观的覆盖系统。许多家具组件以及办公室镶板系统，都包含类似工艺的紧固机制。这些部件的预施加粘合剂体系并非是基于一种激活和/或固化激活机制而建立的，这将是笨重的，并且安装者不能施加一致。因此也就不可能满足在预装配零件的现场组装过程中的结构完整性。然而，一种在制造阶段预施加的粘合剂体系将可以被工业化生产，尤其是在生产那些具有连续装饰的结合镶板和狭板的家具和办公部件。这些结构被组装到该位点上并可以固定到墙或地板等支撑结构上。提供一种无需额外活化步骤，能够活化，结合和高强度固化和简单组装的预粘合剂体系在工业上有着重要的意义。
设计一个具有易组装结合特性的预粘合剂体系将面临多个挑战：在安装过程中的搁置稳定性、新鲜强度、空置时间、固化时间和与镶板或狭板的最终结合强度。该粘结还必须在制造过程中距离固定点的足够的公差允许范围内具有可控性。发明者已经在能够预施加于非引发金属基材，如钢板或钢条上，并能在组装后结合的粘合剂体系的改进中进行了广泛的研究。
美国专利3,658,254是关于一种双层厌氧型丙烯酸粘合剂的。该体系不能用作预粘合剂体系。
美国专利3,880,956和3,957,561公开了可通过与金属表面接触活化的厌氧型丙烯酸粘合剂组合物。该组合物是包含重氮盐催化剂的单层厌氧型组合物，当粘合剂从空气或氧气中排出并与一定金属表面接触时，可通过自由基聚合机制固化。
美国专利3,957,561公开了一种包含至少一种重氮砜化合物和o-糖精的双组分催化剂的单层厌氧型组合物，它是通过在粘合剂被从空气或氧气中排出并与活化金属表面接触时自由基聚合固化的。
美国专利4,052,244运用一种铜的糖精盐或对苯甲酸盐的铜盐形式的双层厌氧型粘合剂，其固化不依赖于基材的组合物。
美国专利4,081,308公开了一种双层粘合剂，其中一层为铜的糖精酯或糖精盐与一种可溶性铜盐的组合物，另一层为一种α-羟基砜、一种α-氨基砜或这些砜的混合物、作为一种自由基固化的厌氧型丙烯酸粘合剂组合物的催化剂。Skoultchi美国专利4,081,308组合物的固化外不依赖于基材组合物。
美国专利4,703,089，4,855,001和4,857,131公开了无论是否有空气或氧气排出，都能够在与金属表面接触时在环境温度下固化的单层丙烯酸粘合剂。该粘合剂包含一种烯键式不饱和单体、一种聚合材料、一种磺酰卤、一种过渡金属和一种酸性混合物。在一些实例中，含磺酰卤的粘合剂可能会催化或促进腐蚀，并导致粘合键的降解。
发明概述
本发明涉及设备及结合这些设备的方法，它包括在一个或多个在结合边缘上预处理过的镶板或狭板，在用来形成成套镶板的所有结合边缘上有粘合剂，粘合剂是通过用于成套互补镶板的一个或多个或全部边缘上的含引发或活化金属的层来固化的，互补套件是通过在表面边缘的固化和结合与多个结合镶板连接的。该粘合剂在镶板的制造过程中是非常有用的。例如，将一种惰性金属活化剂粘在相同或另一镶板的互补边缘上。所制造的粘合处理镶板或狭板可在组装前保存较长的时间。保藏稳定性能够达到一般工业要求。在安装时，例如在工作场所，预制镶板材料是拆开的，并且含粘合剂的边缘与含惰性金属活化剂层的互补边缘是成对的。粘合剂被活化，并提供一个与组装调整所需的一样短或一样长的设计空置时间，组件再固化更长一段时间以能提供结构相当牢固的结合，并能经受长时间的弯曲或张力而各部分不至于脱离。
在该方法中，通过组装相对互补边缘而使两部分结合起来，一套包含粘结在其表面的化混合物的互补边缘，该混合物包括，
(a)至少一种烯键式不饱和单体，
(b)一种有机或无机酸，
(c)一种含有磺酰基的化合物，
(d)一种可任选的低聚物；以及
(e)一种触变胶；
在相对互补边缘粘有一种与粘合剂树脂接触，并引发固化，在互补边缘形成键的过渡金属活化剂。
通过使用普通增稠剂和/或填充剂可使粘合剂粘度在20,000至40,000Cps的有利范围内。一种这样的增稠剂是一种普通的触变胶。
在相对结合边缘上，一个箔或分散颗粒状过渡金属引发剂的层，通过粘合剂，粘在例如粘涂在，金属箔或金属片上。过渡金属引发剂可以以金属掺杂结合剂形式用于与含有预施加固化树脂化合物结合面相对或互补的结合表面的至少一个部分上。
在制造的木制品例如木板或木条的基材中，优选在使用粘合剂和引发金属层之前先使用边缘密封剂。密封剂隔绝了水分，并且抑制了可能干扰粘合剂结合的残余物的迁移。把一种UV结合边缘密封剂用在未完成的木制品的边缘上意外地显著降低了湿度增加。
附图简述
图1描述了一个在狭板10a的凹槽上使用粘合剂树脂，在狭板10b舌上粘有引发剂的舌槽结合方式的剖面图。
图2描述了两个狭板的接搭方式的剖面图。
图3描述了两个狭板的嵌结方式的剖面图。
图4描述了两个狭板的栓槽结合方式的剖面图。
图5描述了两个狭板的指形结合方式的剖面图。
图6描述了两个狭板在以按扣式接合方式结合前对准的剖面图。
优选实施例的具体说明
在附图中，相同的标记表明相同的特征或器件，图1描述了两部分的舌槽方式结合，其中外表面为10，粘结引发剂或活化剂金属层在25a，它由，例如，含金属颗粒的涂层，或含金属颗粒的结合剂、粘箔、掺杂颗粒金属的油墨或位于15的含金属的带构成。预施加粘合剂珠位于20，边缘密封剂位于25。
关于图2，描述了两个狭板的接搭方式的剖面图。位于15a的粘合剂树脂被预施加于凹板10a中，并且含金属引发剂的层上以涂层、油墨、或箔及类似形式粘在狭板10b的边缘上。在25a边缘上显示并施加有密封剂涂层，然后粘合含活化或引发金属层20a和预施加粘合剂15a。
关于图3，描述了结合部件的嵌合方式，粘合剂树脂被预用于左边狭板10b上，在25b覆盖有密封剂层。引发剂层20b如图示覆盖在图左边狭板10b的密封剂层上。
关于图4，描述了两个狭板的栓槽结合方式，粘合剂树脂用于两个狭板的内部区域15c中，引发剂粘在方栓20c上。边缘密封剂用于25c上。表面涂层如30所示。
关于图5，两个狭板在与位于最左边的狭板15d的凹陷处10d上的多个粘合剂树脂珠以指形方式结合前进行对齐，引发剂层20d被粘在右边的相对互补狭板上。在液珠下面，每个狭板的引发剂层上都在25d处施加了一种边缘密封剂。
图6描述了在两个狭板与粘合剂树脂结合前对准的剖面图，粘合剂树脂用于狭板和互补阳(20a)和阴(40a)按扣式插入物之间。
按扣式插入物通过粘合剂35a，或通过按扣式构件的层压，烧结或火焰结合的方式和其它任何常用的结合技术粘在每个狭板构件10a上。优选通过挤压蜂窝泡沫热塑性塑料形成按扣式构件。挤出化合物包括市售的乙烯(PVC)的泡沫剂或起泡剂、或苯乙烯化合物(聚苯乙烯)。尽管还有许多常见的按扣式结合的方案也适用于本发明，但是这里仅给出了一个按扣式结合的具体实施例。
将金属活化结合粘合剂珠置于15a的阴口按扣式构件的内部空穴中。将一种引发剂或活化金属置于阳口按扣式构件的突出部分。当两个构件被用力挤压在一起，并处于相互锁定位置时，金属与粘合剂接触并且固化。
关于粘合剂，粘合剂组合物中单体的重量百分含量通常为20-85％。
酸的重量百分含量通常在约0.05到20的范围内，优选大约0.1到15。
有效量的含有磺酰基的化合物为约1％到约5％的范围内，优选1.5％到2％的重量百分含量。
用于相对或互补结合边缘那层可以与粘合剂珠啮合的过渡金属引发剂的有效量为最低0.05wt.，最高15wt.％，优选约0.5至5，更优选用于相对珠中每单位重量的可固化粘合剂的重量百分比为0.5至2。所使用的量取决于金属和粘合剂间的结合度，与粘合剂单体接触后金属的分散作用，结合线边缘的表面积，以及预订过渡活化金属有效量时可考虑的其它因素。
任选低聚物的量可在0到约65％的重量百分含量范围内。
触变试剂的有效量通常为3％至7％，并且当任选使用填充剂时，其特别用量将更低，例如1至4％，所述的百分含量是基于所有粘合剂组合物的总重量而言的。
为了提供足够的搁置老化，烯键式不饱和单体化合物的最小临界分子量至少为200，优选至少300，并且包含至少一个以及优选多于一个，例如两个或三个＞C＝C＜基团，例如乙烯基，亚乙烯基或烯丙基不饱和取代基，共同为称为″烯键式不饱和″化合物。烯键式不饱和取代基优选乙烯基取代基，更优选位于末端的。代表性的烯键式不饱和单体包括，但不限于，烯烃、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯基醚、乙烯基苯和丙烯酰胺、以及环氧化物和氨基甲酸酯的低聚物。丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯包括异辛基丙烯酸酯、异冰片基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸十八酯、丙烯酸正月桂酯、环己基丙烯酸酯、2-乙氧基乙氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、2-苯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、异癸丙烯酸酯、1，4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1，3-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1，6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯、二丙烯酸二甘醇酯、新戊基乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化2，2-双对羟苯基丙烷二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、丙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯，优选的丙烯酸酯是丙烯酸十八酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化双酚A二丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、丙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯以及三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯。
丙烯酸酯低聚物或它们与单体的组合物也是合适的。现有技术中已知的丙烯酸酯低聚物包括丙烯酸与羟基官能团低聚物如环氧化物，聚酯和聚酯多元醇，和异氰酸酯官能单体和低聚物的反应产物。脂肪族的氨基甲酸酯低聚物是Sartomer & Commat公司的市售商品。
美国专利5,091,211公开了一种普通丙烯基氨基甲酸乙酯的例子，在此引入作为参考。这些低聚物可通过一种丙烯酸酯单体与一种异氰酸酯端基氨基甲酸乙酯预聚物或低聚物反应得到。该预聚物或低聚物通常是通过过量的聚异氰酸酯和聚酯、聚醚、聚醚酯或聚己酸内酯多羟基化合物的反应产物。
优选的丙烯酸酯低聚物是丙烯酸与羟基官能低聚物，例如可使用环氧化物，聚酯和聚醚型多元醇，或异氰酸酯官能单体和低聚物的反应产物。
更优选环氧化改性的聚醚含有＞5mgKOH/g酸数目的丙烯酸酯，它是下面化合物的反应产物：(a)一种分子量小于500的聚酯多羟基化合物；(b)一种丙烯酸酯化合物，和(c)一种环氧化合物，其中聚酯多羟基化合物和丙烯酸酯化合物用来生成聚酯丙烯酸酯，且剩余的丙烯酸酯化合物与环氧化合物反应生成环氧化物改性的聚酯丙烯酸酯。
所生成的聚酯丙烯酸酯，和优选过量丙烯酸酯化合物，然后与环氧化合物混和生成环氧化改性聚酯丙烯酸酯。本发明中最终酸的数目约为5至25，优选8至15mgKOH/g。
可用来生成环氧化改性聚酯丙烯酸酯的聚酯多羟基化合物被定义为通过多元羧酸(或酐等)或内酯，同过量的多羟基化合物反应制备的浓缩聚合物。
多元羧酸可用于生成适合本发明的聚酯多羟基化合物，优选主要包括至少含2个羧基的或它们的酸酐分子中含有2到14个碳原子的单脂肪酸，环脂肪酸或芳香酸的二羧酸或它们的酸酐。这些有用的酸是，邻苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、四氢化邻苯二甲酸、六氢邻苯二甲酸、己二酸、丁二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、马来酸、戊二酸、氯菌酸、四氯代邻苯二甲酸、衣康酸、苯偏三酸，三羧酸，其他各种不同的已知多元羧酸和它们的组合物。当前优选的聚酯多羟基化合物包括邻苯二甲酸或酐作为至少一部分酸组合物。
可用来制备本发明的聚酯多元醇的多羟基化合物可以是任何二醇，三醇或传统上用来制备聚酯多元醇的类似化合物。多官能羟基化合物的例子包括乙二醇、二甘醇、新戊二醇、1，4-丁二醇、1，3-丙二醇、1，6-己二醇、2-甲基-1，3-丙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、环己基二甲醇、甘油、赤藓醇、季戊四醇、聚(环氧乙烷)二醇、聚(环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷)二醇、聚丙二醇，聚(四氢呋喃)二醇和它们的组合物。优先的多官能的羟基化合物包括二乙烯二醇。
合适的基于羧酸基聚酯多元醇的例子是聚(己二酸丁二酯)二醇；聚(琥珀乙烯酸)二醇；聚(1，3-丁烯基癸二酸酯)二醇；聚(己烯基邻苯二甲酸酯)二醇；1，3-丁烯基乙二醇/甘油/己二酸/间苯二甲酸的)二醇和三醇；1，6-己二醇邻苯二甲酸酯聚酯二醇；1，6-己二醇己二酸酯二醇；1，6-己二醇己二酸乙二醇酯二醇；二甘醇邻苯二甲酸酯二醇及类似物。特别优先的聚酯多元醇是二甘醇和邻苯二甲酸酐的反应产物，它是stepan& commat公司的市售商品。
本发明的聚酯多元醇也可通过合适的内酯与前面定义的多官能团羟基化合物按照现有技术中的已知方法来制备。符合需要的有用的内酯通常具有下面的分子结构：
Figure A0280938400131
其中R是氢或一个具有1至12碳原子的烷基取代基，x为4至7且至少有(x-2)个R为氢。优选的内酯为x为4并且在残基，如烷基上至少有6个R为氢原子的ε-己内酯。优选，没有取代基含超过12个碳原子并且内酯环上这些取代基的总的碳原子数不超过12。未取代ε-己内酯，例如，当所有的R为氢时，是6-羟基己酸的衍生物。未取代和取代的ε-己内酯都可通过相应的环己酮与一种氧化剂，如过乙酸反应得到。发现最合适的取代ε-己内酯是各种ε-单烷基己内酯，其中烷基取代基含有1至12碳原子，例如，ε-甲基己内酯、ε-乙基己内酯、ε-丙基己酸内酯和ε-十二烷基己内酯。有用的还有ε-二烷基己内酯，其中两个烷基取代基取代在相同或不同的碳原子上，但不同在ω-碳原子上。有用的还有ε-三烷基己内酯，其中内酯环上的2或3个碳原子被取代，但是ω-碳原子不是二取代。最优选的内酯其实反应物是x为4且所有的R为氢的ε-己酸内酯。
市售的Union Carbide生产的基于内酯的聚酯多元醇的例子包括那些基于二甘醇，三羟甲基丙烷，和新戊基乙二醇的商品名各自为TONE 0200，0300，和2200系列的化合物。
聚酯多元醇动分子量在约250至＜500的范围内，优选约250至400，更优选约350。用来与聚酯多元醇反应生成聚酯丙烯酸酯的丙烯酸酯化合物(也称为″生成丙烯酸酯的化合物″)可以是任何对应下式的丙烯酸酯化合物：
其中R可以是H或CH3；X可以是OH、OY、Cl、Br或F，以及Y可以是一个具有含1至10个，优选1至5个碳原子的烷基，芳基或环烷基烃基。丙烯酸酯化合物也可以是对应于上述结构中X＝OH的化合物的酐。
用来与聚酯多元醇反应生成聚酯丙烯酸酯的合适的丙烯酸酯化合物的例子包括丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸环己酯、苯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、烯丙酰氯、丙烯酸酐和甲基丙烯酸酐，优选丙烯酸。
聚酯丙烯酸酯可以通过混和聚酯多元醇，和丙烯酸酯化合物(优选过量的丙烯酸酯)制备，优选羟基取代基/丙烯酸酯当量比在约(0.1-1.00)∶1的范围内，更优选在约(0.3-1.0)∶1的范围内。当上述结构丙烯酸酯化合物中X＝OH时，丙烯酸酯化合物与聚酯多元醇可直接进行酯化反应。酯化反应通常以酸为催化剂。符合要求的典型催化剂包括硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、甲磺酸、阳离子交换树脂，以及它们的混合物，优选甲磺酸、甲磺酸与阳离子交换树脂的混合物。酸催化剂的用量通常为用来制备聚酯丙烯酸酯的总重量的重量百分比约0.10至5.0，优选为约0.25至1.0。酯化反应也可使用一种阻聚剂，例如甲基醚对苯二酚、甲苯对苯二酚或吩噻嗪，反应可在可与水共沸的烃类溶剂中，例如甲苯中进行。反应在回流温度下加热。去除所生成的水，使平衡左移。
当上述结构中X＝OY时，丙烯酸酯化合物和聚酯多元醇可以进行酯交换反应。反应过程中通常使用例如锡或钛酸盐作为酯交换催化剂，当X＝Cl、Br或F时，丙烯酸酯化合物和聚酯多元醇可以在碱催化下进行催化剂。
聚酯丙烯酸酯的用量范围在用于制备环氧化改性聚酯丙烯酸酯的必要成分重量的重量百分比约10至95，优选约40至90，更优选80至90，以及最优选约85％。这里所说的用来制备环氧化物改性的聚酯丙烯酸酯的必要成分是指聚酯丙烯酸酯和环氧化合物。
用来制备环氧化改性聚酯丙烯酸酯的环氧化合物可以包括任何含有1，2-环氧取代的化合物。合适的环氧化物的例子包括单-、双-或多环氧化物是环氧化烯烃、饱和或不饱和羧酸的缩水甘油酯或脂肪族的或芳香多羟基化合物缩水甘油醚。特别优选的环氧化物是一种商品名为AralditeGY 6010环氧化物的双酚A的缩水甘油醚。其它也可以使用如本申请引用文献EP 126341所述的环氧化合物。使用两种或多种环氧化物的组合可有综合各种特点和反应性。不同的环氧化物可以是混和加入或顺序加入。特别优选的方法是首先使用商品名为Araldite& commat GY 6010的双酚-A的缩水甘油醚，然后使用商品名为Cardura& commat E-10的叔型支链的单羧酸的缩水甘油酯。
用于本发明的环氧化改性聚酯丙烯酸酯可以通过任何已知的反应路线来制备。一个优选反应路线的实施例是首先以多元羧酸和丙烯酸酯化合物反应生成含残余丙烯酸酯化合物的聚酯丙烯酸酯。丙烯酸酯化合物可以是化学计的量，或少于或多于化学计量的量。如上所述，优选过量的。残余的丙烯酸酯化合物可以与环氧化合物，与残余的丙烯酸酯化合物，如果有的话，进行反应。如果存在过量的丙烯酸酯化合物，它可以是在第一步反应中过量加入，或在聚酯丙烯酸酯与环氧化合物德反应中被单独加入。
合适的甲基丙烯酸酯的例子是甲基丙烯酸环己酯，甲基丙烯酸正己酯、2-乙氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸异癸酯、甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸十八烷酯、2-苯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、异冰片基甲基丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、四甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二甲基丙烯酸1，3-丁二醇酯、二甲基丙烯酸1，4-丁二醇酯、二甲基丙烯酸1，6-己二醇酯、新戊基乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯。优选甲基丙烯酸酯化合物是二甲基丙烯酸1，6-己二醇酯、甲基丙烯酸十八烷酯、乙氧基化的双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯、以及三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯。其它的甲基丙烯酸酯单体，以及低聚物，可以是甲基丙烯酸与羟基官能单体，以及低聚物，例如环氧化物、聚酯、聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯官能单体、低聚物的反应产物。典型的烯丙基官能单体以及低聚物是二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸酯、二烯丙基马来酸酯、以及烯丙基甲基丙烯酸酯。优选的烯丙基官能团化合物是二烯丙基邻苯二甲酸酯。
可以给出的单官能团化合物包括2-羟基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-羟基丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-羟基丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯、乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异丙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、戊基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、叔丁基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、戊基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异戊基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、己基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、庚基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、辛基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异辛基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-乙基己基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、壬基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、癸基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、异癸基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、十一烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、十二烷基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、月桂基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲)丙烯酸十八烷酯、四氢呋喃基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、丁氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基二甘醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苄基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚单(甲基)丙烯酸乙二醇酯、聚单(甲基)丙烯酸丙二醇酯、甲氧基乙二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙氧基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、甲氧基聚(甲基)丙烯酸乙二醇酯、甲氧基聚(甲基)丙烯酸丙二醇酯、乙酰丙酮(甲)丙烯酰胺、异丁氧基甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N，N-二甲基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、叔辛基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、二甲基氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、二乙基氨基乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、7-氨基-3，7-二甲基辛基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、N，N-二乙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、N，N-二甲基氨基丙基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、羟基丁基乙烯基醚、月桂基乙烯基醚、十六烷基乙烯基醚、2-乙基己基乙烯基醚，以及下式(3)所代表的化合物：
             CH2＝C(R2)-COO(R3O)n-R4      (3)
其中，R2表示氢原子或甲基取代基；R3是含2至6，优选2至4个碳原子的亚烷基取代基；R4是氢原子或含1至12，优选1至9个碳原子烷基取代基，m是0至12的整数，优选1至8。
多官能团烯键式不饱和化合物包括，例如，季戊四醇三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、四甘醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚二(甲基)丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸1，4-丁二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸1，6-己二醇酯、新戊基乙二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三氧二乙基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三(2-羟基乙基)异氰尿酸酯三(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三(2-羟基乙基)异氰尿酸酯二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三环癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚-A的三甘醇二乙烯基醚的二缩水甘油醚的(甲基)丙烯酸酯加成产物环氧化(甲基)丙烯酸酯。还可以使用的是商品名为UPIMA-UV SA1002、SA2007(三菱石油化学(Mitsubishi Petrochemicals)制造)、BISCOAT 700(大阪有机化学(Osaka Organic Chemicals)制造)、EAYAAAD R604、DPCA-20、DPCA-30、DPCA-60、DPCA-120、Mx-620、D-310、D-330(日本化学(Nippon Kayaku)制造)、ARONIX M210、M215、M315、M325(ToagoseiChemical Industry制造)等。上述例子中特别优选三环癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(YUPINA-UV SA1002)，以及BISCOAT 700。
可使用的商品的例子可以是ARONIX M111、M113、H114、M117(Toagosei Chemical Industry制造)、TC110S、R629、R644(日本化学(Nippon Kayaku)制造)，以及BISCOT 3700(大阪有机化学(Osaka OrganicChemicals)制造)等。
酸可以是含有至少一个酸基取代基的任意有机酸或无机酸，且包括上述有机酸的部分有机酯化产物。酸性化合物可以是布朗斯特酸(Brnsted)，即，能够给出质子化合物，合适的酸性化合物优选pKa小于约6，最优选在约1.0至5的范围内。酸性化合物还应当在本发明的粘合剂组合物中具有相当的溶解度，并可方便地使酸在组合物中均相分布。优选有机酸以及这些酸的部分有机部分有机酯，无机酸及这些酸的部分有机酯。也可使用包含至少一个酸取代基和至少一个烯键式不饱和取代基的酸性化合物。
使用本发明的代表性酸性化合物包括磷酸酯，例如，磷酸的2-羟基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯的偏酯、磷酸的2-羟基乙基丙烯酸的偏酯、磷酸、苯磷酸、亚磷酸、硫酸、亚硫酸、2-乙基己酸、甲酸、乙酸、丁酸、己酸、环己烷甲酸、月桂酸、亚油酸、缬草酸、甲苯磺酸、硝基甲苯磺酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、苯基乙酸、磺基水杨酸、萘二磺酸、乙酰乙酸、丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、氨基苯磺酸、马来酸、丙二酸、邻苯二甲酸、辛二酸、琥珀酸、乙烯基乙酸，优选磷酸的2-羟基乙基甲基丙烯酸的偏酯，和磷酸的2-羟基乙基丙烯酸的偏酯。
由于腐蚀性，不优选pKa约为1的酸性化合物。酸性化合物量太多将导致无法达到最佳的粘合力。优选重量百分比为0.05至20的粘合剂。
合适的含有磺酰基的化合物可以选自：磺酰-硫，磺酰磷，以及磺酰-硅化合物。含有磺酰基的化合物一般包括至少一个含有至少一个如下结构磺酰基的化合物：
Figure A0280938400181
其中，此处X定义了含有磺酰基的化合物的类型，并且X可以是SR′、S(O)R′或SO2R′，且R′为任何有机或无机取代基。R′优选氢；低级烷基例如甲基、乙基或丙基；苯基；苯甲基；或离子例如钠、钾或锌。R′最优选甲基或苯基。磺酰-硫化合物中X的特别例子包括：-SH、-S-Na+、-SCH3、-SC2H5、-SC6H5、-SC6H4CH3、-S(O)H、-S(O)-Na+、-S(O)CH3、-S(O)C2H5、-S(O)C6H5、-S(O)C6H4CH3、-SO2H、-SO2 -Na+、-SO2CH3、-SO2C2H5、-SO2C6H5以及-SO2C6H4CH3。
磺酰-硫化合物的具体例子包括S-苯基苯硫代磺酸酯(二苯基二硫化物-S，S-二氧化物)；α-二苯基二砜(二苯基二硫化物-S，S，S’，S’-四氧化物)；α-二甲基二砜(二甲基二硫化物-S，S，S′，S′-四氧化物)、S，S′-乙烯-对甲苯-硫代磺酸酯、1，2-d二噻烷-1，1，2，2-四氧化物、对甲苯基砜对甲苯砜(双-对甲苯基二硫化物-S，S，S’-三氧化物)、1，2-硫羟烷-1，1，2，2-四氧化物、1，2-二硫烷-1，1，2-三氧化物、甲烷硫代磺酸、甲烷硫代亚磺酸钠、苯硫代磺酸酐、优选的磺酰-硫化合物为S-苯基苯硫代磺酸酯，以及α-二苯基二砜。
上述结构的磺酰磷化合物包括其中X是P(R″)2或P(O)(R″)2且R″为任何必要的有机或无机取代基。优选，R″独立地为氢；低级烷基例如甲基、乙基或丙基；低级烷氧基例如甲氧基、乙氧基或丙氧基；或苯基。优选，R″为乙氧基.。磺酰磷化合物中X的特别例子包括-P(CH3)2、-P(H)(CH3)、-P(C2H5)2、-P(OCH3)2、-P(OC2H5)2、-P(CH3)(OC2H5)、-P(C6H5)OCH3、-P(O)(CH3)2、-P(O)(H)(CH3)、-P(O)(H)2、-P(O)(OH)2、-P(O)(C2H5)2、-P(O)(OCH3)2、-P(O)(OC2H5)2、-P(O)(CH3)(OC2H5)和-P(O)(C6H5)OCH3。
示范性的磺酰磷化合物包括苯基磺酰二乙氧基膦氧化物、甲基磺酰二甲基膦、甲基磺酰二乙基膦氧化物，优选苯基磺酰二乙氧基膦氧化物。
用于本发明粘合剂体系的具有上式结构的磺酰-硅化合物可以是其中X是Si(R)3且R是任何必要的有机或无机取代基。优选，R独立地为低级烷基例如甲基、乙基或丙基；羟基；低级烷氧基例如甲氧基、乙氧基或丙氧基；苯基；或含氧盐例如氧化钠或氧化钾。最优选，R为甲基。磺酰-硅化合物中X的特别例子包括-Si(CH3)3、-Si(C2H5)3、-Si(C6H5)3、-Si(OH)3、-Si(OC2H5)3、-Si(O-Na+)3X、-Si(CH3)(OCH3)2、-Si(OH)2(OC6H5)以及-Si(OC2H5)(OCH3)2。典型的磺酰硅化合物包括甲烷磺酰三甲基硅烷、苯磺酰三乙氧基硅烷、甲烷磺酰三羟基硅烷，以及乙烷磺酰乙氧基二甲氧基硅烷，优选甲烷磺酰三甲基硅烷。
尽管优选的各个磺酰-硫，-磷和-硅化合物中R′，R″和R如上定义，-般而言，R′、R″和R可以是任何含有1至24碳原子取代或未取代烷基取代基；或任何含有6至30碳原子取代或未取代芳基取代基。有机R′、R″和R取代基也可以是聚合材料，例如聚烯烃或聚氨基甲酸乙酯。无机R′、R″和R取代基包括H、OH、SH、NH2、SiOH、Cl-和金属离子，例如Na+、Mg2+、Ni2+和Al3+。
含有磺酰基的化合物的合适用量通常在一套结合部件珠中粘合剂重量的0.05至5％。含有磺酰基的化合物是市售商品并且可通过已知的一般方法来制备。
金属引发剂包括铜、锌、钴、矾、铁以及锰的盐，以及有机衍生物或配合物。含有过渡金属作为金属盐的无机化合物的示例包括溴化物、氯化物、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、硫化物以及过渡金属的氧化物。但也可以使用含过渡金属的有机化合物，例如有机单-和多-羧酸过渡金属盐；以及单-和多-羟基化合物，例如乙酸铜、马来酸铜、己酸酮、萘酸铁、萘酸亚钴及萘酸钴等。特别优选的有机衍生物是包含过渡金属的硫酰胺及磺酰胺化合物。本领域技术人员可以从这部分列出的合适的有机无机过渡金属盐得出提示得知其他有用的盐也是一样可用的。过渡金属化合物使用本发明粘合剂组占全部粘合剂组合物的重量的重量百分比约0.05至5，优选约0.2至2.5。
含过渡金属有机化合物在与粘合剂组合物接触时通常是可溶的，优选活化金属化合物。优选的活化过渡金属化合物可以是有机的或无机的，并且在粘合剂组合物本身或适合粘合剂的惰性溶剂中具有一定的溶解度。在使用具有有限溶解度的过渡金属时，这些可方便地溶解在惰性溶剂或载体材料，并作为金属活化层形成于结合构件的相对互补边缘上。
粘合剂体系应当具有一定的自保持能力，并能在用到构件上后能阻止流动。这些特性可以使用触变胶方便地获得。合适的触变胶通常用在粘合剂化合物中。触变胶性质可以是通过无数本领域已知的添加剂获得，并包括氧化铝、石灰石、滑石、氧化锌、氧化硫、碳酸钙、硅华、板岩粉、盐(NaCl)、环糊精等。触变胶可以在当前的粘合剂体系中提供必要的防松垂性能。示范性的触变胶包括蓖麻蜡，活化白土又称为富勒土(Fuller′s)包括海泡石、坡缕石以及绿坡缕石，以及优选的硅化合物如煅制二氧化硅。有用的触变胶源包括Degussa公司的AEROSIL、Cabot公司的Cab-O-SIL、Caschern公司的CASTORWAX、King公司的BENTONE、THIXATROL以及Rheox公司的THIXCIN和King Attapulgitte公司的DISLON、Engelhard公司的滑石粉土、Floridin公司及其他公司的有效触变胶。下面的美国专利给出了用于本粘合剂体系的各种常见触变添加剂：美国专利5,476,889，5,247,000，5,204,386，5,152,918，5,001,193，6,133,398，5,852,103，4,940,852以及5,385,990。
可包括在粘合剂中的任选组合物是常见的抑制剂、抗氧化剂、填充剂以及稳定剂。
合适的密封剂是常见蜡、石蜡，特别是丙烯酸、乙烯基、SBR、PVD乳胶涂料以及涂料、氨基甲酸乙酯等。它们可以用例如海绵辊或喷涂或其他常见的边缘涂法来进行辊涂，一类优选的密封剂是含有光引发剂的丙烯酸可固化涂料。美国专利6,146,288公开了合适的常见紫外可固化涂料。更优选含有一种氮丙啶交联剂的UV固化涂料。
适用于镶板或狭板接口设计的几何形状的数目太多，以至于无法将所有的合适的都提出来。这种设计包括，但不限于，舌和槽、嵌结、接搭、带状、指状、槽方栓以及按扣式接口。在舌状接口以及槽状接口，以及多数按扣式的几何形状中，优选将粘合剂放在凹陷或角落里，例如在槽内或阴口或任何凹陷部分以方便地避免在处理过程中接触到。固化活化剂可以放在相应的舌或阳口按扣式部分。在方栓设计中在两个槽中都含粘合剂并且方栓中有固化活化剂。在重叠设计和嵌套设计汇总，在一个接口面上使用粘合剂，并在另一个接口面上使用固化活化剂。槽可以一个构件的各个方向上，舌可以在一个互补构件的各个方向上。长狭板，例如个人室内地板通常在每个构件上有一个舌边和一个槽边。
作为一个实施例，图1显示了以舌槽方式结合的两块板材未组装的结合边缘。图2组显示了装后的相同接口。
关于图6，和引用文献所描述的结构相似，有各种构件有待结合，例如位于10a的厚木板，狭板或木板，并且在一个具体实施例中，是以相邻边结合的，在15a预施加一种粘合剂，在阳口按扣式舌20a的突出结合部涂有金属活化剂。在阳口按扣式部分35a和阴口按扣式40a结合之前，使用一种常见的湿固化双组分粘合剂。
可使用预施加粘合剂的合适的应用方法是：
1.使用粘合剂工业上普通的气动或水力配料设备在凹槽的上下表面使用自支撑珠——在舌被插入时，它沿凹槽表面散布。
2.使用涂料和粘合剂工业中常见的喷雾设备喷上一层粘合剂。
3.使用空气刮刀或类似设备在凹槽的上下表面及槽的后面涂上一层粘合剂珠。
4.使用为槽断面设计海绵辊或滴液辊涂上一层粘合剂。
结合实施例
将中密度纤维板(MDF)的舌槽接口结合。首先在舌槽表面涂上一层普通的紫外(UV)可固化丙烯酸涂料(～0.001″厚)。使用Aetek紫外固化单元以及约1200mJ/cm2的能量固化密封涂料。该涂料是用来防止化合物(可能是木质素和甲醛)对粘合剂固化的抑制作用。这种现象在试图将MDF以重叠修剪形状结合之前就观测到了。然后将粘合剂成分置于凹槽中。首先在舌上涂上一层掺有锌粉的Lord紫外可固化涂料。然后使用上述相同的紫外固化单元和能量将该涂料固化在舌上并轻轻刮擦使新鲜的锌暴露在表面上。然后将所制备的舌槽样品结合起来。24小时后测试结合强度，平均为94Ibs/in。
使用了下面的成分：
树脂：
成分              Wt.(g)      密度         Wt.％
单体*            50.00       1.10         85.62
触变胶            3.00        2.40         5.14
磷酸酯**         3.60        1.00         6.16
醋酸铜(II)        0.80        1.80         1.37
4-甲氧基苯磺酰氯  1.00        0.90         1.71
总计58.40
*乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯
实施例2
成分              Wt.(g)       密度         Wt.％
单体*            16.00        1.10         18.41
滑石                  24.00     2.40       27.62
触变胶                1.50      2.40       1.73
磷酸酯                3.60      1.00       4.14
醋酸铜(II)            0.80      1.80       0.92
4-甲氧基苯磺酰氯      1.00      0.90       1.15
常规丙烯酸低聚物      40.00     1.00       46.03
*二丙烯酸己二醇酯
实施例3
成分                    Wt.(g)    密度      Wt.％
HDODA                   16.00     1.10      18.41
Nicron 353              24.00     2.40      27.62
Aerosil R-202           1.50      2.40      1.73
甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯磷酸酯  3.60      1.00      4.14
醋酸铜(II)              0.80      1.80      0.92
4-甲氧基苯磺酰氯        1.00      0.90      1.15
丙烯酸低聚物            40.00     1.00      46.03
总计86.90
在实施例中在具有凹槽面和舌面的木板上都涂有粘合剂。在凹槽中使用粘合剂珠。使用常用压感粘结法在另一相同木板的舌面的上下表面粘上金属金箔条。粘结处理狭板的凹槽与另一狭板的舌结合，并能在环境条件下固化。通过张力测试机得到实施例1-3的结合结果。
    槽深(mm)     舌长(mm)     强度(pli)
    5.1     4.1     66
    5.1     4.1     100
    7.5     6.5     122
    10.5     9.5     104
    10.5     9.5     103

Claims (18)

1.一种适于结合多个单独镶板的刚性镶板，包含上、下表面，至少第一及第二横向结合面，所述的面适合与互补镶板结合，其中用于至少所述第一横向结合面的是单层环境温度下可固化的粘合剂组合物，所述的组合物包括：
(A)至少一种分子量大于或等于300的烯键式不饱和单体；
(B)一种含有至少一种有机或无机酸取代基的酸性化合物；
(C)至少一种含有磺酰基的化合物，
(D)至少一种含有至少一种可还原过渡金属的有机或无机化合物，
并且其中，粘结在相同或不同单独镶板的至少所述第二横向结合面上的是至少一种可还原的元素过渡金属。
2.权利要求1所述的镶板，由天然或合成木料组成。
3.权利要求1所述的镶板，由金属组成，并且其中所述第一和第二横向结合面基本上由所述可固化粘合剂的非引发金属组成。
4.权利要求1所述的镶板，所述的粘结元素过渡金属是锌金属带。
5.权利要求1所述的镶板，由金属组成，其中所述第一及第二横向结合面基本上由非引发金属组成。
6.权利要求2所述的镶板，还包括粘在所述上表面的上外表层。
7.权利要求1所述的镶板，其中所述烯键式不饱和单体选自如下取代基：环己基甲基丙烯酸酯、正己基甲基丙烯酸酯、2-乙氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、异癸基甲基丙烯酸酯、月桂基甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸十八烷酯、2-苯氧基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、异冰片基甲基丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、四甘醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1，3-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1，4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、1，6-己二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、新戊基乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化双酚A二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、异辛基丙烯酸酯、异冰片基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸十八烷酯、正月桂基丙烯酸酯、环己基丙烯酸酯、2-乙氧基乙氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、2-苯氧基乙基丙烯酸酯、异癸基丙烯酸酯、1，4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1，3-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1，6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯、二甘醇二丙烯酸酯、新戊基乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三甘醇二丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化双酚A二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、乙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、丙氧基化三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯。
8.权利要求2所述的镶板，其中，烯键式不饱和单体选自：烯烃、丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯基醚、乙烯基苯、和丙烯酰胺和环氧化物与氨基甲酸酯的低聚物。
9.权利要求1所述的镶板，其中，酸性化合物选自：磷酸的2-羟基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯的偏酯，和磷酸的2-羟基乙基丙烯酸酯的偏酯。
10.如权利要求4所述的镶板，其中，酸性化合物是磷酸的2-羟基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯的偏酯。
11.如权利要求1所述的镶板，其中含有磺酰基的化合物是磺酰-硫化合物，并选自：S-苯基苯硫代磺酸酯、α-二苯基二砜、α-二甲基二砜、S，S″-乙烯-对甲苯硫代磺酸酯以及1，2-二噻烷-1，1，2，2-四氧化物。
12.如权利要求11所述的镶板，其中，含有磺酰基的化合物是S-苯基苯硫代磺酸酯或α-二苯基二砜。
13.如权利要求1所述的镶板，其中含有磺酰基的化合物是磺酰-磷或磺酰-硅化合物，并选自：苯基磺酰基二乙氧基膦氧化物、甲基磺酰基二甲基膦、甲基磺酰基二乙基膦氧化物、甲烷磺酰基三甲基硅烷、苯-磺酰基三乙氧基硅烷、甲烷磺酰基三羟基硅烷和乙烷-磺酰基乙氧基二甲氧基硅烷。
14.如权利要求8所述的镶板，其中含有磺酰基的化合物是苯基磺酰基二乙氧基膦氧化物或甲烷磺酰基三甲基硅烷。
15.如权利要求1所述的镶板其中，包含至少一种可还原过渡金属的有机或无机化合物是选自如下的有机化合物：糖精铜、乙酸铜、马来酸铜、己酸铜、萘酸铁、萘酸亚钴和萘酸钴。
16.适合于以多个单独镶板结合在一起的多个木地板镶板，每个镶板包含上、下表面，至少第一和第二横向结合面，所述表面可与互补镶板结合，其中，施加到所述至少第一横向结合面上的是单层的可环境温度下固化的粘合剂组合物，包括：
(A)至少一种烯键式不饱和单体；
(B)一种含有至少一种有机或无机酸取代基的酸性化合物；
(C)至少一种含有磺酰基的化合物，
(D)至少一种含有至少一种可还原过渡金属的有机或无机化合物，
并且其中，粘在相同或互补镶板上的至少一个所述第二横向结合面的是至少一种可还原的元素过渡金属。
17.如权利要求16所述的地板镶板，由天然或合成木料组成。
18.如权利要求2所述的地板镶板，还包括在所述上下表面的至少一个上层压或涂布有外表面层。
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