CN1507367A - 干燥剂组合物 - Google Patents
干燥剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1507367A CN1507367A CNA028097343A CN02809734A CN1507367A CN 1507367 A CN1507367 A CN 1507367A CN A028097343 A CNA028097343 A CN A028097343A CN 02809734 A CN02809734 A CN 02809734A CN 1507367 A CN1507367 A CN 1507367A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- desiccant
- hygroscopic salt
- desiccant composition
- composition
- easily hygroscopic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical group [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 ZnBr 2 Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 16
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical group [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 60
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229940032147 starch Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001612 Hydroxyethyl starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000009328 Perro Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Polymers [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229940050526 hydroxyethylstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026731 phosphorylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006366 phosphorylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093928 potassium nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940001516 sodium nitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940080313 sodium starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosulfate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]S([S-])(=O)=O DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/28—Selection of materials for use as drying agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/024—Compounds of Zn, Cd, Hg
- B01J20/0244—Compounds of Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
- B01J20/0277—Carbonates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/043
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
一种含有易潮解盐和改性淀粉的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐是组合物的至少约5－约95重量％，而改性淀粉是组合物的约5－约95重量％，其中易潮解盐选自碱金属、铵、碱土金属、土金属和过渡金属的卤化物、硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐、碳酸盐和羧酸盐。
Description
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及干燥剂容器。更具体地，本发明涉及一种用于装有易潮解盐和改性淀粉的干燥剂容器的材料组合物。
现有技术
吸附水蒸汽、水、液体等的干燥剂容器是本领域所公知的。通常，这些容器由水或水蒸汽可渗透的包装材料组成，所述包装材料是由在包装边缘可靠地封接在一起的纤维或膜产品形成的。包装材料将诸如硅胶的干燥剂材料包封起来。被干燥剂吸附的水或水蒸汽的体积通常是由容器中所装吸附剂材料的吸附容量以及周围空气的温度和相对湿度水平决定的。
一类干燥剂容器通过使水蒸汽和液体水渗透包装材料而被干燥剂材料吸附来吸附水蒸汽和液体水。在某些情况下，用于这类产品的包装材料溶解，使装在干燥剂容器中的干燥剂材料直接与液体接触。
另一类干燥剂容器吸附水蒸汽，而不吸附液体水。用于这类干燥剂容器的包装材料被设计为防止作为水蒸汽吸附在干燥剂容器中的水以液体水的形式从干燥剂容器中释放出来。
有很多常用产品可以用作干燥剂。最经常使用的包括硅胶、硫酸钙、氟化钙、活性炭、分子筛、氯化锂、氯化钙和其它产品。例如，在Kirk-Othmer，Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology，第7卷，378-398页中有干燥剂的列表。在U.S.专利No.5114003中也公开了用于常规干燥剂容器的常用于燥剂，其中公开了蒙脱土粘土、硅胶、分子筛、氧化钙、硫酸钙和氯化钙的使用。在U.S.专利No.4464261中公开了硅胶、硅酸铝、氧化铝、活性炭和分子筛作为干燥剂的用途。
商品级氯化钙因其价格低廉和吸湿度高而被广泛用作干燥剂。压制成颗粒或小球状的氯化钙在，例如U.S.专利No.3923944中用作干燥剂。
人们已经将其它材料的混合物或结合物与氯化钙掺合，以形成干燥产品。例如，在U.S.专利No.3779936中，将聚乙二醇与氯化钙混合以形成干燥剂产品。此外，在U.S.专利No.3334468中公开了将氯化钠或碳酸钠与氯化钙一起应用。另外，例如在U.S.专利No.3885926中公开了氯化钙与镁、锂或铵盐的组合。在U.S.专利No.1798862中公开了氯化钙与金属，例如铁填充剂一起使用。另外，在U.S.专利No.2027093中公开了活性炭与氯化钙一起用作干燥剂产品。
U.S.专利No.3390511公开了将置于载体材料上的氯化钙用作气体干燥器的干燥剂的用途。作为载体用于氯化钙的优选材料是氯化钠。也可参见，例如U.S.专利No.3334468。U.S.专利No.3390511中的干燥产物优选含有约90-97％氯化钠作为载体，以及约10-3％氯化钙。此外，产品中还可以包括少量重铬酸钠和磷酸三钠。尽管用于氯化钙的优选载体是氯化钠，但也公开了其它载体，包括糖、氯化钾、硝酸钾、硝酸钠和淀粉。参见第3栏第33行。该产品中所用氯化钙的百分比是10％或更低，因为产品的主要成分是载体。
使用氯化钙作为干燥剂的问题之一是，当水被吸附时，它在氯化钙的表面形成液体混合物。这在U.S.专利No.3334468中有讨论。使用常规干燥剂产物，例如如果将干燥剂用于存储容器，该液体会从包装中渗漏出来，因而产生问题。
在很多情况下，需要在甚至低湿度和低水蒸汽压力下用干燥剂产品吸水，诸如当被干燥剂产品保护的产品会被水气损坏时。在这种情况下，通常使用传统的干燥剂，诸如干燥剂粘土、硅胶、分子筛和硫酸钙。但是，对于一些应用而言，这些干燥剂产品的水分吸收容量太低。一个例子是，当钢铁制品船运至海外时，这一问题就会产生。为了避免这些钢铁制品生锈，重要的将存储这些钢铁制品的容器中的相对湿度水平在25℃下保持低于约40％数周时间。尽管常规干燥剂产品，诸如硅胶在某些情况下能够有效吸附水分，但它们在需要较长时间的情况下并不具有高吸收容量。在这种情况下，需要在低于40％相对湿度的湿度水平下具有更高吸收容量的干燥剂产品。
在其它情况下，常规干燥剂产品在相对湿度水平不必要地低的情况下开始吸附水分。在这些情况下，干燥剂产品的相当一部分吸收容量被浪费，这是因为在水分被吸附的该湿度水平下，对于和干燥剂产品一起船运的产品是不会发生损害的。此外，如果湿度水平随后升高，就存在这样一个危险-这些常规干燥剂产品将不具有充分保留的吸收容量，以吸附水蒸汽并保护船运的产品。
此外，有时很难将常规干燥剂产品与本身水分含量非常高的产品，诸如可可、咖啡、烟草和狗粮，一起使用。如果干燥剂产品在相对较低的湿度水平下吸附了过多的水分，这些产品将会被损害。并且，在整个船运过程中，特别是当湿度水平升高的情况下，将有不能得到足够吸收容量的危险。
尽管有些参考文献公开了氯化钙和其它易潮解盐单独或与大量不同的组合物一起作为干燥剂的用途，但仍然需要改进的使用氯化钙和其它易潮解盐的干燥剂产品。
此外，需要一种既可用于低湿度应用又可用于高湿度应用的干燥剂组合物。
因此，本发明的一个目的是公开一种含有氯化钙和/或其它易潮解盐作为它的主要成分的干燥剂组合物。
本发明的另一目的是公开一种干燥剂组合物，其中含有氯化钙或其它易潮解盐与大量改性淀粉混合以形成干燥剂组合物。
本发明的再一目的是公开一种装在包装材料中的干燥剂组合物，其中干燥剂组合物是氯化钙或其它易潮解盐和改性淀粉的混合物。
本发明的再一目的是公开一种含有氯化钙或其它易潮解盐的干燥剂组合物，其中被吸附的水不会从干燥剂容器中渗漏出来。
本发明的再一目的是公开一种装在包装材料中的干燥剂组合物，其中通过使用改性淀粉，使干燥剂组合物防止水从包装中渗漏出来。
本发明的再一目的是公开一种装在包装材料中的干燥剂组合物，所述干燥剂组合物被设计用于吸收水分，以保持相对较低的湿度水平。
本发明的再一目的是公开一种装在包装材料中的干燥剂组合物，所述干燥剂组合物被设计用于吸收水分，以保持相对较高的湿度水平。
鉴于以下详细描述、附图和权利要求，本发明的这些和其它目的以及特征对于本领域技术人员将显而易见。说明书以及附图提供了一个说明本发明产品的构成和方法的可选例子。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种含有氯化钙和/或其它易潮解盐和改性淀粉的干燥剂组合物，其中氯化钙和/或其它易潮解盐是组合物的至少约5-约95重量％，而改性淀粉是组合物的约5-约95重量％。在优选实施方案中，氯化钙和/或其它易潮解盐是组合物的约20-约95重量％，而改性淀粉是组合物的约5-约80重量％。
附图简述
现参考附图对本发明进行说明，其中：
图1是干燥剂容器的透视图。
优选实施方案详述
尽管本发明适合于很多用途，但在用于说明的附图中，具体化为一个由干燥剂包装材料(12)组成的，用于吸附和固定液体的干燥剂容器(10)，所述干燥剂包装材料(12)中包藏了吸附和固定液体的干燥剂材料(14)。参见图1。
干燥剂包装材料(12)可以包括任何常规包装材料。其优选包括具有内表面(18)和外表面(20)的层压膜层(16)，其优选是通过将未涂覆的微孔或无纺膜层封接在具有内表面(24)和外表面(26)的未涂覆水蒸汽可渗透的层压膜(22)上而形成的。如图1所示，层的内表面在边缘处封接。
用于生产层压包装材料的常规微孔或无纺膜已经被制成一种粘接在另一材料层上的复合膜。通常，两层的粘接是通过粘合剂的使用(将其涂覆在层的一个或两个内表面)而完成的。令人惊奇地发现，由未涂覆的微孔或无纺膜可以制成牢固的层压干燥剂包装材料。
未涂覆的微孔或无纺膜(16)包括带有大量细孔的膜，其中当膜的外侧和膜的内侧之间没有空气压差时，所述膜可以渗透空气，但不渗透水。细孔的尺寸优选在约0.01-50微米的范围内。未涂覆的微孔或无纺膜可以构成单膜层，或包括单独微孔膜层的层压物。优选膜是由聚烯烃材料，诸如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚(氟代乙烯)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯、乙烯丙烯酸酯等形成的单层微孔膜。未涂覆的微孔或无纺膜可以通过任何常规成膜方法制备，包括膜的冷态定向、含不同物质的膜的定向、从含不同物质的膜中萃取不同的物质、萃取含不同物质的膜然后将处理过的膜定向、纤维束交叉分散随后将得到的膜热压，以及用于形成微孔膜的任何其它常规步骤。许多所述微孔膜是市场可得并被以例如商品名Celgard (Hoechst Celanese Corporation)、GORE-TEX(Gore & Co.Gmbh)和Tyvek(E.I.DuPont)出售。优选的微孔膜具有的Gurley型空气渗透率是约0.01-10000秒/100毫升，优选1-1000秒/100毫升，最优选低于约400秒/100毫升。优选微孔膜是基于聚乙烯或聚丙烯的微孔膜，最优选聚乙烯纺粘纸，诸如E.I.DuPont生产的Tyvek1025 BL、1059B或107337B，或者基于聚丙烯的膜，诸如San Ai，Ltd.，Osaka，Japan生产的GDT II和GDTIV。
干燥剂包装材料的第二层优选是由未涂覆的层压膜(22)形成的。层压膜可以由常规聚合材料制成。层压膜组合物的关键方面在于其内表面(24)，其在包装材料的边缘处粘接至未涂覆微孔或无纺膜层的内表面(18)，所述内表面(24)必须由可与微孔或无纺膜层的内表面组合物相容的材料组成。可用于形成该层压膜的材料包括常规的聚烯烃材料，诸如聚丙烯、聚乙烯、聚酯等。未涂覆的层压膜所具有的水蒸汽传递速率优选低于微孔或无纺膜。同样优选未涂覆层压膜的软化温度低于或等于未涂覆微孔膜内表面的软化温度。优选层压膜由这样的层压膜组成-其在一侧含有的高熔点或软化点的材料如聚酯被层压至相对一侧的低熔点材料如聚丙烯上。可接受的层压膜的例子包括，例如RollPrint生产的RPP91-1964或RPP-31-1007a。
层压膜的外表面(26)优选是由与微孔层不相容的材料制成的，诸如熔点或软化点高于微孔膜内表面的的材料，诸如聚酯材料。相反，层压膜的内表面(24)必须由与微孔膜内表面(18)相容的材料形成。通过由相容材料制成的两个内表面，当其加热封接在一起时，在这些层之间形成了牢固的连接。
“相容”是指材料在分子水平上混合并均匀结晶。因此，这样的层可能不具有精确相同的软化点，但它们应当具有一致的软化点，以使得这些材料在分子水平上混合。可相容的粘结通常具有至少约5lb./in.或更高的粘结强度。例如，相容的材料可以包括高密度、低密度或线型低密度聚乙烯，以及未定向的、双轴定向的或层压的聚丙烯。相反，至少一个层压膜的外表面应当由软化点高于层压膜材料内表面的不相容材料，诸如聚酯或尼龙或聚乙烯或聚丙烯材料制成。
此外，层压膜和微孔或无纺膜的内表面均不被粘合剂涂覆也是重要的。当涂覆后的膜被封接至其它涂覆或未涂覆的膜上时，经常形成质量较差的不牢固封接。此外，用于封接涂覆膜的封接机也很昂贵且难以操作，使得生产封接涂覆膜的成本更高。另外，未涂覆的膜通常比涂覆的膜更便宜，有时多达50％。
适合用作装在干燥剂包装中的干燥剂材料的材料包括常规的干燥材料，诸如硅胶、粘土、天然或合成沸石、氯化钙、淀粉的碱金属羧酸盐、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸钠、各种易潮解盐，其中阴离子包括硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、氯化物、溴化物、氟化物、硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐、碳酸盐、羧酸盐、磷酸盐和碘化物，以及其中阳离子包括铵、碱金属、碱土金属、土(earth)金属和过渡金属，诸如锂、钠、钾、铷、铯、镁、钙、锶、钡、铝、锌和铁，以及其它与水或水蒸汽接触时吸附、胶凝或稠化的干燥产品。如果希望低湿度应用(相对湿度低于20％)，那么易潮解盐包括氯化锌、氯化锂、溴化锌、溴化锂、碘化锌和碘化锂。当希望中等至高湿度应用(相对湿度大于20％)时，易潮解盐包括CaCl2、MgCl2、Zn(NO3)2和K2(CO3)·2H2O。当希望高湿度应用(相对湿度大于50％)时，易潮解盐包括(NH4)2SO4、NH4Cl、Ca(NO3)2·2H2O、Mg(NO3)·6H2O、K2HPO4、NH4H2PO4、KHSO4、Na2CO3·10H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、Na(C3H3O2)·3H2O、Na2S2O3、KBr、Na2SO3·7H2O、KI、NaI、NaNO2、NaF和NaHSO4。
已经令人惊奇地发现，优选的干燥剂材料可以由易潮解盐的混合物，诸如那些上述讨论的，以及改性淀粉，最优选改性玉米淀粉，诸如A.E.Staley Manufacturing Company生产的MIRA-SPERSE623、626和629制成。该干燥剂材料的组成优选是约5-约95％易潮解盐与约95-约5％改性淀粉混合。优选易潮解盐是组合物的约20-约95％，而改性淀粉是约80-约5％。最优选易潮解盐是组合物的约50-约80％，而改性淀粉是约50-约20％。
在低湿度应用(低于约20％相对湿度)中，优选的易潮解盐的优选顺序是：LiCl＞ZnCl2＞ZnBr2＞LiBr＞ZnI2＞LiI。在中等的高湿度应用(大于约20％相对湿度)中，优选的易潮解盐的优选顺序是：CaCl2＝MgCl2＞K2(CO3)·2H2O＞Zn(NO3)2。在高湿度应用(大于50％相对湿度)中，易潮解盐的优选顺序是：NH4Cl、Na2CO3·10H2O、(NH4)2SO4、Ca(NO3)2·2H2O、Mg(NO3)·6H2O、K2HPO4、NH4H2PO4、ZnSO4·7H2O、Na(C3H3O2)·3H2O、Na2S2O3、KBr、Na2SO3·7H2O、KI、NaI、NaNO2、NaF、KHSO4和NaHSO4。
用于本发明的改性淀粉包括常规的改性淀粉、氧化淀粉、酶转化淀粉以及含有诸如羟基、羧基、氨基和氨基的官能团的改性淀粉。因此，在通篇本说明书和权利要求中使用的术语“淀粉”是指包括这类淀粉的任何一种，或者两种或多种淀粉的混合物。优选的淀粉是改性淀粉，诸如氧化的、酶转化的淀粉。对淀粉的改性可以是通过诸如交联或取代的化学改性，或诸如粒化的物理改性。
普通淀粉，诸如珠状(pearl)淀粉通常不以其原始状态使用，因为其粘度高和退减作用，这是未改性淀粉的特殊问题。使用改性淀粉，诸如羟乙基化淀粉，基本上降低了这些问题。因此，大多数工业应用是将未改性淀粉转化为改性淀粉，诸如氧化、酶转化、磷酸化或羟乙基化的淀粉。或者可以使用阳离子淀粉形式的另一种改性淀粉。但是，所述阳离子淀粉的成本比未改性淀粉要高得多。选择淀粉的要点是其吸附水，优选冷水，即低于约40-50℃的水的能力。
在优选的实施方案中，当改性淀粉与水混合后，所具有的粘度必须大于水单独的粘度。当采用Brookfield粘度测量时，粘度应当至少是约1.0cps。由改性淀粉提供的首要功能是其与水混合，并使水或在易潮解盐吸水过程中形成的易潮解盐/水组合物增稠或凝胶化的能力。
易潮解盐/玉米淀粉干燥剂组合物不仅可以与上述干燥剂容器一起使用，还可以与任何用于吸收水或水蒸汽的常规干燥剂容器一起使用。
用于形成干燥容器的方法包括许多步骤。首先形成干燥剂包装材料。为了形成本发明的干燥剂包装材料，首先制备或从常规来源得到未涂覆的微孔和无纺膜(16)。在优选实施方案中，微孔膜是未涂覆的微孔膜，诸如Hoechst Celanese Corporation生产的Celgard、E.I.DuPont生产的Tyvek？1025 BL、1059B和1073B，或者某些其它的基于聚丙烯的无纺膜，诸如San Ai，Osaka，Japan生产的GDTI、II、IV。如上所述，这种微孔膜的渗透率应该在约1-约1000Gurley秒/100毫升，优选小于约400秒/100毫升。
在形成未涂覆或无纺膜之后，形成未涂覆的层压膜(22)。如上所述，该未涂覆的层压膜可以由相同或不同材料的不同层层压在一起而形成。但是，该材料组合物的要点在于膜必须是未涂覆的，并且封接至微孔材料内表面(18)上的层压膜内层(24)必须是由与未涂覆微孔或无纺膜的内表面“相容”的材料形成。在一个优选实施方案中，层压膜是在外表面含有聚酯材料，内表面含有聚丙烯材料的层压膜，诸如RollPrint生产的RPP 91-1964。另一优选实施方案是RPP 31-1007A，也是由RollPrint生产的基于聚乙烯的材料。
在形成两层之后，用常规的热封接步骤将层的边缘封接在一起。这种产品的优点之一是在两个相容的未涂覆材料之间形成的粘结比使用粘合剂涂层的常规粘结强度高得多。不使用粘合剂，而是利用相容材料形成牢固封接的能力，干燥剂包装材料的强度大大高于常规包装材料。此外，这些未涂覆材料具有较低的生产成本，并且通过封接设备的运行更好。
随后将优选的干燥剂装在干燥剂包装中。通过使用由易潮解盐和改性淀粉形成的优选干燥剂材料(14)，所需干燥剂材料的用量少于在常规干燥剂容器中的用量，但仍能达到相同的吸湿水平。
易潮解盐和改性淀粉的混合物通过以下方法制备：将两种成分置于常规混合装置，诸如转鼓混合器中，或将两种成分由两个单独的进料直接引入干燥剂包装中。对于易潮解盐/改性淀粉组合物而言，除材料的物理混合之外，无需额外的操作。两种材料的这种简单混合可得到实用性很高的干燥剂组合物。
在将干燥剂材料加入干燥剂包装材料之后，将仍未封接的干燥剂容器边缘封接，完成干燥剂容器的生产。
实施例
实施例1
测试含有玉米淀粉和氯化钙的干燥剂组合物的吸水能力。将氯化钙与Mirasperse 629改性蜡状玉米淀粉的3∶1混合物(由StaleyFood Ingredients，Decatur，Illinois出售)133g装入常规用于干燥剂产品的干燥剂袋中，该产品由United Desiccants出售，称为“CONTAINER DRI”。将干燥剂袋置于25℃下80％相对湿度的环境室中约2个月。该实验的结果见附表1。
实施例2
使用与实施例1中讨论的相同类型的Mirasperse 624改性玉米淀粉，对玉米淀粉与氯化钙之比为1∶4的组合物进行相同实验。不同时间的吸水量见附表1。
实施例3
使用与实施例1使用的相同步骤，比较常规的500g CONTAINERDRI(United Desiccants生产)干燥剂产物与实施例1和2的产物的吸水性。不同时间内该产物的吸水量同样如表1所示。
此外，比较实施例2的改性淀粉/氯化钙之比为1/4的产品与常规的500g CONTAINER DRI产品。表2所示的是，在40％相对湿度下的容量，在40％相对湿度下的湿气吸收、在80％相对湿度下的容量和在80％相对湿度下的湿气吸收。
表1
| 时间小时 | 玉米淀粉与氯化钙之比为1∶3，％容量 | 玉米淀粉与氯化钙之比为1∶4，％容量 | 常规的Container Dri，％容量 |
| 5.5 | 8.252063 | 10.16 | 1.8 |
| 22.5 | 31.28282 | 36.4 | 2.5 |
| 24 | 36.53413 | 43.2 | 2.88 |
| 28.5 | 38.4096 | 45.04 | 10.59 |
| 94.5 | 54.83871 | 58.64 | 33 |
| 120 | 60.54014 | 64.4 | 38.06 |
| 150 | 92.04801 | 96.08 | 41.58 |
| 169 | 100.9002 | 104.08 | 46.11 |
| 174 | 108.8522 | 114.32 | 47.43 |
| 198 | 121.9805 | 116.3158 | 48.61 |
| 265 | 150.2626 | 147.0677 | 55 |
表2
| 在40％RH下的容量 | 在40％RH下的湿气吸收(g) | 在80％RH下的容量 | 在80％RH下的湿气吸收(g) | |
| 5 3/4×7”袋中，改性淀粉/CaCl2是1∶4 | 111.4 | 151.7 | 339.4 | 462.1 |
| 常规的500gCONTAINER DRI袋 | 29.9 | 149.6 | 66.1 | 330.7 |
这些实施例清楚地表明，与常规干燥剂材料相比，玉米淀粉和氯化钙的组合物的吸水量更大。该吸水能力至少与惯常出售的常规干燥剂包装一样好。此外，在265小时后比较实施例2的干燥剂组合物和CONTAINER DRI产品。由于淀粉对于氯化钙产品表面的水和液体氯化钙的吸附能力，甚至在3个月之后水也不会从容器中渗漏出来。
实施例4
100g氯化钙与25g改性淀粉(Mirasperse 629，Staley FoodIngredients生产)混合并置于根据U.S.专利No.5743942生产的袋子中。于25℃，80％相对湿度(r.h.)下14天后测得的吸附容量是230重量％。袋子没有显示出渗漏出微孔膜或密封的任何迹象，并且袋子中含有的是结实的凝胶(粘度为5rpm下33Pas，50rpm下15Pas)。
实施例5
100g氯化镁与25g改性淀粉(Mirasperse 629，Staley FoodIngredients生产)混合并置于根据U.S.专利No.5743942生产的袋子中。于25℃，80％r.h.下14天后测得的吸附容量是305重量％。袋子没有显示出渗漏出微孔膜或密封的任何迹象，并且袋子中含有的是结实的凝胶(粘度为5rpm下60Pas，50rpm下23Pas)。
实施例6
100g氯化镁与20g改性淀粉(Mirasperse 629，Staley FoodIngredients生产)混合并置于根据U.S.专利No.5743942生产的袋子中。于25℃，80％r.h.下14天后测得的吸附容量是307重量％。袋子没有显示出渗漏出微孔膜或密封的任何迹象，并且袋子中含有的是结实的凝胶(粘度为5rpm下32Pas，50rpm下21Pas)。
从实施例4-6清楚地表明，掺有氯化镁的改性淀粉的组合物所产生的吸水量大于相同的掺有氯化钙的改性淀粉。当需要高吸湿容量时，这一增加的吸附容量％重量具有很高的实用性。
实施例7
100g CaCl2、ZnCl2、LiCl、(NH4)2CO3、NH4Cl和NaHSO4分别与25g改性淀粉(Mirasperse 629，Staley Food Ingredients生产)混合并置于根据U.S.专利No.5743942生产的袋子中。于25℃，80％r.h.、25℃，20％r.h.和25℃且90％r.h.下48小时后测量吸附容量。
下表总结了实验结果。
| 盐 | 20％r.h.下的吸附 | 80％r.h.下的吸附 | 90％r.h.下的吸附 |
| CaCl2 | 19％ | 127％ | 270％ |
| ZnCl2 | 25％ | 84％ | N.d. |
| LiCl | 30％ | 146％ | N.d. |
| (NH4)2CO3 | 0％ | 11％ | 70％ |
| NH4Cl | 0％ | 12％ | 140％ |
| NaHSO4 | 0％ | 56％ | N.d. |
N.d.＝未测定
除了一个袋子之外，所有的袋子均未显示出渗漏出微孔膜或密封的任何迹象，并且袋子中含有的是结实的凝胶(粘度为5rpm下＞25Pas，50rpm下＞15Pas)。与NaHSO4的混合物不形成凝胶，因为使用了化学损坏的淀粉。
该表清楚地表明，如果在较低的相对湿度水平下，需要高吸附容量，那么优选ZnCl2或LiCl与淀粉的组合物。
如果在低于约80％r.h.的湿度条件下要求低吸附量，优选淀粉与NH4Cl和(NH4)2CO3的混合物，因为它们在低于80％r.h.下不会开始吸附大量的湿气，但在接近露点的较高湿度水平下表现出可观的吸附。
Claims (17)
1.一种包含易潮解盐和改性淀粉的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐是组合物的至少约5-约95重量％，而改性淀粉是组合物的约5-约95重量％，其中易潮解盐选自碱金属、铵、碱土金属、土金属和过渡金属的卤化物、硫酸盐、亚硫酸盐、硫代硫酸盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、磷酸盐、碳酸盐和羧酸盐。
2.权利要求1的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐是组合物的约20-约95重量％，而改性淀粉是组合物的约5-约80重量％。
3.权利要求1或2的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐是组合物的约50-约80重量％，而改性淀粉是组合物的约20-约50重量％。
4.权利要求1-3任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中改性淀粉包括改性玉米淀粉。
5.权利要求1-4任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐选自LiCl、LiBr、LiI、ZnCl2、ZnBr2、LiI、Ca(NO3)2·2H2O、NaHSO4、Mg(NO3)·6H2O、KI、NaI、NaNO2、KBr、(NH4)2SO4、Na(C3H3O2)·3H2O、Na2S2O3、NH4Cl、KHSO4、Na2CO3·10H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、K2HPO4、Na2SO3·7H2O、NaF、K2(CO3)2·2H2O、Zn(NO3)2、NH4H2PO4和MgCl2。
6.权利要求1-5任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐包括氯化镁。
7.权利要求1-6任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐选自氯化锌和氯化锂。
8.权利要求1-8任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐选自氯化铵、硫酸铵和碳酸铵。
9.权利要求1-5任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中对于相对湿度低于约20％的条件下的应用而言，易潮解盐选自ZnCl2、LiCl、ZnBr2、LiBr、ZnI2、LiI。
10.权利要求9的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐选自氯化锌和氯化锂。
11.权利要求1-5任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中对于相对湿度高于约20％的条件下的应用而言，易潮解盐选自Ca(NO3)2·2H2O、NaHSO4、Mg(NO3)·6H2O、KI、NaI、NaNO2、KBr、(NH4)2SO4、Na(C3H3O2)·3H2O、Na2S2O3、NH4Cl、KHSO4、Na2CO3·10H2O、ZnSO4·7H2O、K2HPO4、Na2SO3·7H2O、NaF、K2(CO3)2·2H2O、Zn(NO3)2、NH4H2PO4和MgCl2。
12.权利要求11的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐包括氯化镁。
13.权利要求11的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐选自NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和(NH4)2CO3。
14.权利要求1-5任一项的干燥剂组合物，其中对于相对湿度高于约50％的条件下的应用而言，易潮解盐选自氯化钙、氯化镁、氯化钾和硝酸锌。
15.权利要求14的干燥剂组合物，其中易潮解盐选自氯化钙和氯化镁。
16.一种干燥剂容器，包括权利要求1-15任一项的干燥剂组合物。
17.一种生产干燥剂容器的方法，包括
(a)制备水蒸汽可渗透的膜产物，
(b)制备权利要求1-15任一项的干燥剂组合物，
(c)将干燥剂组合物置于水蒸汽可渗透的膜产物的层之间，以及
(d)将水蒸汽可渗透的膜产物环绕着干燥剂组合物封边，以产生干燥剂容器。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US09/835,793 US6689197B2 (en) | 1996-09-19 | 2001-04-16 | Desiccant composition |
| US09/835,793 | 2001-04-16 |
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|---|---|
| CN1507367A true CN1507367A (zh) | 2004-06-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA028097343A Pending CN1507367A (zh) | 2001-04-16 | 2002-04-05 | 干燥剂组合物 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6689197B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1379320B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2004530541A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1507367A (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE352366T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2002250609B2 (zh) |
| BR (1) | BR0208951A (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2444125C (zh) |
| CO (1) | CO5540327A2 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE60217844T2 (zh) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03009386A (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ528715A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2002083273A1 (zh) |
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- 2002-04-05 CA CA 2444125 patent/CA2444125C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-05 AU AU2002250609A patent/AU2002250609B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-04-05 EP EP02719533A patent/EP1379320B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-05 DE DE2002617844 patent/DE60217844T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-05 MX MXPA03009386A patent/MXPA03009386A/es active IP Right Grant
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- 2002-04-05 CN CNA028097343A patent/CN1507367A/zh active Pending
- 2002-04-05 JP JP2002581071A patent/JP2004530541A/ja active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2002083273A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
| DE60217844D1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
| CO5540327A2 (es) | 2005-07-29 |
| AU2002250609B2 (en) | 2005-09-01 |
| US6689197B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
| DE60217844T2 (de) | 2007-11-15 |
| CA2444125A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
| EP1379320A1 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
| MXPA03009386A (es) | 2004-03-16 |
| AU2002250609A2 (en) | 2002-10-28 |
| ATE352366T1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
| NZ528715A (en) | 2006-03-31 |
| CA2444125C (en) | 2009-01-13 |
| EP1379320B1 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| US20020014305A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
| BR0208951A (pt) | 2004-04-20 |
| JP2004530541A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
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