CN1486964A - Coating material and coating method for controllable slow releasing fertilizer - Google Patents
Coating material and coating method for controllable slow releasing fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses one kind of coating material for controllable slow releasing fertilizer and its preparation process. The coating material consists of polyolefin, paraffin, one or several organic material and inorganic material, surfactant and solvent turpentine. The preparation process of coating liquid includes heating solvent in certain amount to 70-120 deg.c, dissolving polyethylene and paraffin, adding starch while stirring and heating until reaching 160 deg.c. The composite coating material with polyolefin as main component can ensure the slow release of fertilizer in the initial stage and sustained release in the late stage, and is degradable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coated fertilizer and the coated fertilizer that utilizes this coated fertilizer to make, relate in particular to the preparation method of a kind of coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof and controllable sustained-release fertilizer, belong to fertilizer and manufacturing field thereof with slow release effect.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of world's fertilizer amount, utilization rate of fertilizer but is downward trend year by year, causes the serious waste of resource and the negative effect of environmental pollution, agricultural product security production is formed to threaten simultaneously.The scientific worker tries hard to solve this difficult problem by the approach that improves fertilizer practice in decades, fundamentally is not resolved but be limited to multiple former carrying on as before.The twentieth century later stage is along with the raising of production level, and people have turned to the transformation of fertilizer product performance to eye, solve this global problem from two aspects.Its target is the efficient environmental friendly fertilizer that utilizes of exploitation, its main technological route is to realize the slowly-releasing and the controlled release of fertilizer, the slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer that the numerous and confused exploitation in countries in the world has independent intellectual property right is to adapt to the demand in agricultural product security production, sustainable development and fertilizer market.
International main slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer has two classes at present: a class is the organic synthesis nitrogen compound class slow release fertilizer by chemosynthesis, and another kind of is to reach slow/controlled release purpose coating (wrapping up in) fertilizer by physical barrier.
Synthetic organonitrogen slow-release fertilizer is as UF, IBDU, CDU.The nutrient of such fertilizer discharges slowly, can improve utilization rate of fertilizer effectively, but its nutrient release rate is subjected to the influence of various factorss such as soil moisture, pH value, microorganism, can not control fertilizer nutrient artificially and discharge the rhythm and pace of moving things, and commodity price height, main consumption market is in West Europe, and market development speed is slow, and the demand of this type of fertilizer has relative downward trend in the world wide.
Coated fertilizer mainly contains: sulfur coated urea, inorganics Wrapped fertilizer, organic polymer coated fertilizer.
Sulfur coated urea (SCU) is the sulphur clothing Wrapped fertilizer by T.V.A Company USA exploitation in 1961, is the inorganic parcel class slow-release fertilizer of developing the earliest, has the characteristics with fertilizer bag fertilizer.After being manured into soil, be subjected to moisture, factor affecting such as microorganism particularly, though have certain sustained release performance, it is difficult to sustained release speed, enters slow developmental stage at present.
Inorganic parcel class fertilizer: Japan uses silicate and metal oxide as coating agent, because silicate is soluble in water, so the slow-release period of fertilizer is not long.The coated compound manure of China exploitation is to be core with granulous urea ammonium nitrate, is binding agent with nitrogen phosphorus potassium mud, said nuclear is wrapped up and forms compound manure with phosphate fertilizer such as fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, precipitated superphosphate or bone meal.This class fertilizer is immersed in the water, and the urea of core, ammonium nitrate is all strippings in very short time (as 1.5-2 hour), can not reach the purpose of sustained release.Though in follow-up improvement product, added vegetables oil, animal oil or its greasy filth or its modified material in the integument as sustained release dosage.But the core dissolution time has only 15-30 days.
The fertilizer of organic polymer coating.Be used as the Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) of surperficial coating agent and the multipolymer of glyceride forms multilayer by the Osmocote of Archer Daniel Midland company USA exploitation.Although Osmocote fertilizer has the good slow release performance, there are some shortcomings, i.e. cost height, material being difficult to degraded in soil.
For the people such as reaching, rattan Tian Lixiong, the Shan Xiaji of degradation property Japan of improving mould material invented the coated fertilizer of the degradable membrane control that contains a kind of poly-3-hydroxyl-3 alkyl propionic acid in the coating; at least comprise a kind of polyolefin resin in its active ingredient and from rubber and ethane-acetic acid ethyenyl-carbon monoxide multipolymer at least a resin as coated fertilizer; but its cost is too high, is difficult to use in large-scale production.
The patent that Japanese Chisso Corp in 1993 has applied for " cated granulated fertilizer " in China, coated fertilizer mainly adopts polyolefine, but solvent for use is a toluene, this solvent toxicity is big, is unfavorable for the safety in production of fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that exists in the production of slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer both at home and abroad at present, a kind of controllable sustained-release fertilizer and manufacture method thereof are proposed, polyolefine, paraffin, inorganic material or natural organic matter material are dissolved or dispersed in the organic solvent, be equipped with auxiliary agent and make coating liquid, utilize ebullated bed that coating liquid is sprayed at the granulated fertilizer surface in the mode of spraying, fertilizer to boiling state goes out to blow warm air simultaneously, after the solvent evaporates, coated fertilizer is coated on the fertiliser granulates surface and forms coating layer, and preparation claims into coated fertilizer.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer comprises polyolefine and paraffin, and the weight ratio between them is, polyolefine accounts for 60%-98%, and paraffin accounts for 2%-40%.
Also comprise inorganic material and organic materials, the weight ratio between them, polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 2%-20%, and organic materials accounts for 2%-25%, and inorganic material accounts for 2%-25%.
A kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer can also comprise that weight accounts for the polyolefine of 60%-98% and the inorganic material of 2%-40%.
A kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer can also comprise that weight accounts for the polyolefine of 60%-98% and the organic materials of 2%-40%.
A kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer can also comprise polyolefine, paraffin and inorganic material, and the weight ratio between the component is, polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 5%-30%, and inorganic material accounts for 5%-30%.
A kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer can also comprise polyolefine, paraffin and organic materials, and the weight ratio between the component is, polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 5%-30%, and organic materials accounts for 5%-30%.
Described inorganic material is one or more in lime carbonate, talcum powder, magnesiumcarbonate, quartz, process white, the clay.
Described organic materials is one or more in starch, modified starch, flour, straw powder, the humic acid powder.
Also comprise tensio-active agent: OP-10 or/and silicone oil.
A kind of preparation method of coated fertilizer of fertilizer is characterized in that: comprises,
Step 1 is measured certain amount of solvent, is heated to 70-120 ℃,
Step 2 adds polyolefine and paraffin;
Step 3 after polyolefine and paraffin dissolve substantially, adds organic materials according to the ratio that adds 0-60g in every liter of solvent, and constantly stirs into the liquid of homogeneous, keeps heating, just stops heating after the temperature of coating liquid reaches 160 ℃.
Solvent in the described step 1 is a turps, benzene, toluene or dimethylbenzene.
In the described step 2, add polyolefine, add paraffin according to the standard that adds 0-50g in every liter of solvent according to the polyolefinic ratio that adds 20-150g in every liter of solvent.
In the described step 3, when adding organic materials, add inorganic material, add tensio-active agent then according to the ratio that adds 0-50g in every liter of solvent.
A kind of coating method of controllable sustained-release fertilizer is characterized in that: comprises,
Step 1 is made coating liquid in dissolving vessel;
Step 2, in dissolving vessel, prepare in the coating liquid, open blower fan, air compressor and airheater, when treating that heated air themperature is stabilized in 60-120 ℃, the fertilizer of certain mass is added in the coating tower by charging opening, regulate the air flow quantity of air compressor and blower fan, when fertilizer is stable boiling state in the coating tower, spray coating liquid.
Described coating liquid, the amount of coating liquid is by the weight and the decision of dressing rate of fertilizer.
The present invention is one of main coated fertilizer with polyolefine, can guarantee that the coated fertilizer of producing has long slow-release period, adopts inorganic material can increase the photo-thermal degradability of film; Add the biodegradability that organic materials can increase mould material in the mould material, and the Nutrient Release of tunable fertilizer; Small organic molecules such as paraffin have also been used in the prescription of mould material, purpose is to improve the slow controlled release properties of mould material, be convenient to processing simultaneously, reducing shower nozzle stops up, adopted OP-10 or/and tensio-active agents such as silicone oil are regulated the viscosity and the film forming of coating liquid, be convenient to the effect that sprays coating and play the stripping of conditioned fertilizer product nutrient, adopted turps as solvent, the toxicity of this solvent is low, has guaranteed the safety in production of fertilizer.
It is the equipment of main body that the coating of fertilizer is used ebullated bed coating tower, and the technology of this equipment is simple, and the fertilizer overlay film of output is even, is convenient to solvent recuperation.The film of the fertilizer of institute of the present invention output is wear-resistant, the slow/controlled release performance is good, in 25 ℃ of water, soak, the initial stage solubility rate can be controlled in 15%, the release period of fertilizer (nutrient discharges 80% required fate) can be realized regulation and control, can weigh (quality of unit surface film) nutrient release proterties of conditioned fertilizer product neatly by the proportioning of composite film material and than film.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of fertilizer coating method;
Fig. 2 is for making the work flow synoptic diagram of coated fertilizer.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Coated fertilizer of the present invention is made up of the coating of fertilizer and its outside, and wherein fertilizer can be nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and composite fertilizer, so long as the rounded grain shape, the hardness of fertilizer reaches the requirement of industry standard, can carry out coating; Coated fertilizer adopts the hybrid packet mould material based on polyolefine, can guarantee the slow release of fertilizer nutrient in early stage, can accomplish to demarcate coming out that the phase nutrient puts again, effectively realizes the sustained release of nutrient, and the degradability of increase fertilizer film.
Coated fertilizer is made up of in polyolefine and paraffin, organic materials, the inorganic material one or more.
Requisite a kind of component is a polyolefine in the coated fertilizer of the present invention, generally uses in polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, the polyvinyl chloride one or several.Only also can form mulch film preferably with polyolefine, different polyolefinic sustained release performance differences, under the identical dressing rate condition, with polyethylene or/and the fertilizer slow release phase of polypropylene coating long, polystyrene or/and the slow-release period of polyvinyl chloride to lack, but use the polyolefine coated fertilizer merely, the regulation and control performance of film is not good, often cause the interior residual more nutrient of film not discharge in the phase at crop growth, therefore the poor controllability that fertilizer nutrient discharges adds the release characteristics that one-tenth such as paraffin assigns to regulate fertilizer nutrient in coated fertilizer.
Composite film material has better controlled capability than single mould material, and can weigh (quality of unit surface film) release characteristics of conditioned fertilizer product nutrient flexibly by the proportioning of adjusting composite film material and than film.
Paraffin also is component important in the coated fertilizer of the present invention, and the controllability of mould material has not only been optimized in the adding of paraffin, and helps processing.The simple polyolefine that uses, perhaps polyolefine and Powdered additive stop up shower nozzle easily, add paraffin and can suitably improve coating liquid concentration later, reduce the plugging fault in the coating process.The scope of the weight ratio of the coated fertilizer that polyolefine and paraffin are formed is that polyolefine accounts for 60%-98%, and paraffin accounts for 2%-40%.
In order to regulate film to the adjustable performance that nutrient discharges, in coated fertilizer, also be furnished with Powdered additive, Powdered additive can be that the organic materials that is insoluble to the turps equal solvent can be an inorganic material also, or the two haves both at the same time.Also have certain regulating power with a kind of additive separately, but the better effects if of composite additive.The adding of additive also can improve the degradation property of mould material, and organic materials can increase the biological degradability of mould material, can be one or more the mixture in starch, modified starch, flour, straw powder and the humic acids powder; The scope of the weight ratio of the coated fertilizer that polyolefine and organic materials are formed is that polyolefine accounts for 60%-98%, and organic materials accounts for 2%-40%.Inorganic material can increase the photo-thermal degradability of film, can be one or more the mixture in talcum powder, lime carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate, silica powder, process white and the clay mineral; The scope of the weight ratio of the coated fertilizer that polyolefine and inorganic material are formed is that polyolefine accounts for 60%-98%, and inorganic material accounts for 2%-40%.Can also add organic materials in the mixture of polyolefine and paraffin or/and inorganic material, only adding a kind of weight ratio scope is that polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 5%-30%, and organic materials or inorganic material account for 5%-30%; Two kinds of weight ratio scopes that all add are that polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 2%-20%, and organic materials accounts for 2%-25%, and inorganic material accounts for 2%-25%.
What pay particular attention to is: more than weight ratio between the mould material component that provides be not impassable, can change flexibly with different demands at different purposes, for example, the dressing rate of fertilizer (mould material accounts for the percentage ratio of coated fertilizer) is more than 9%, and the ratio that inorganic and organic additive total amount accounts for mould material is no more than at 20% o'clock, and the coated fertilizer that the paraffin in the component is made more than polyolefine can effectively be controlled nutrient and discharge.
In addition, the particle diameter of these powder also can influence the performance and the processing characteristics of film, thereby the nutrient that influences coated fertilizer discharges proterties, and institute adds the fineness of powder generally should preferably select ultra-fine grade of powder for use less than 200 orders.
In addition, can also add tensio-active agent in coating liquid, all be tensio-active agent preferably as OP-10 and silicone oil, can select wherein a kind of or both mixtures as complexed surfactant when making coating liquid, so that the reinforcement film forming characteristics improves coating efficient.
The present invention adopts turps as solvent, and this solvent low toxicity can ensure the safety in production of coated fertilizer, also can select organic solvents such as benzene,toluene,xylene for use.
The method of using above-mentioned materials to prepare coating liquid comprises the steps: at first to measure certain amount of solvent--and turps is heated to 70-120 ℃; Add polyolefine according to the polyolefinic ratio that adds 20-150g in every liter of turps, add paraffin then, add paraffin according to the amount that adds 0-50g in every liter of turps, after treating the most of dissolving of polyethylene and paraffin, can add organic materials in every liter of solvent--starch 0-60g, and constantly stir up to the liquid of making homogeneous; If in the prescription Paris white is arranged, can when adding starch, add inorganic material in every liter of solvent--calcium carbonate powders 0-50g can also add tensio-active agent at last; During this period of time keeping heating, just stop heating after the temperature of coating liquid reaches 160 ℃, be lower than below 120 ℃ and should reheat as temperature, is good between 130-160 ℃ with the coating liquid temperature-stable.
Coating liquid prepares the back and just can utilize encapsulation tool to prepare coated fertilizer.
The core fertilizer particle that is coated among the present invention, because of its kind, proterties differences such as particle, surface flatness, hardness, particle diameter, shape are to technology requirement to some extent.
(1) kind of fertilizer: nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and composite fertilizer, so long as particulate state, the hardness of fertilizer reaches the requirement of industry standard, can carry out coating, be under the identical dressing rate, because the difference of the kind of fertilizer, its Nutrient Release is also different.
(2) particle diameter.The particle diameter of fertilizer had not only influenced nutrient release rate but also had had influence on the consumption of coating material.Similar fertilizer, under the identical dressing rate condition, the fertilizer surface-area that diameter is little is big, the film forming thin thickness of institute's shape, then nutrient discharges soon, and the fertiliser granulates diameter is generally better in 1.0-6.0mm scope inner investment effect.
(3) shape.Coated fertilizer among the present invention is preferably round granular, and the film of formation is relatively more even, breakage rate is little, and the controllability that nutrient discharges is stronger.
(4) hardness and surface flatness.The hardness of fertilizer is little then may to cause the fertiliser granulates fragmentation in the coating process, have a strong impact on the coating effect, and the fertilizer that hardness is big is difficult for broken in the coating process, good processability.The fertilizer that can be up to state standards can both satisfy processing request in general.Rough in the coating process, cause the film fragmentation easily in the protruding part on fertilizer surface, the coating effect is better in addition generally to select the more slick fertilizer in surface.
Fig. 1 is the schema of fertilizer coating method of the present invention, adopt existing coating tower to prepare coated fertilizer, the mould material that will prepare is put into the dissolving vessel that fills solvent earlier, heating is prepared into coating liquid, open blower fan and air compressor and airheater, when treating that heated air themperature is stabilized in 60-120 ℃, the fertilizer of certain mass is added in the coating tower by charging opening, regulate the air flow quantity of air compressor and blower fan, when fertilizer is stable boiling state in the coating tower, the spraying coating liquid.
The amount of coating liquid is by the weight and the decision of dressing rate of fertilizer, and for example the concentration of coating liquid is 100g/L, and the dressing rate of fertilizer is 10%, and then per kilogram fertilizer needs the 1L coating liquid.
The work flow of coated fertilizer comprises as shown in Figure 2:
Step 1 is made coating liquid.At first measure solvent, put into dissolving vessel, add additives such as polyolefine, paraffin again, heated and stirred up to the coating liquid of making homogeneous, adds auxiliary agents such as tensio-active agent in this coating liquid.
Step 2, fertilizer is carried out coating, in dissolving vessel, prepare in the coating liquid, open blower fan, air compressor and airheater, when treating that heated air themperature is stabilized in 60-120 ℃, the fertilizer of certain mass is added in the coating tower by charging opening, regulate the air flow quantity of air compressor and blower fan, when fertilizer is stable boiling state in the coating tower, spray coating liquid.
For the nutrient controlled release characteristics of coated fertilizer of the present invention is described, prepared the coated carbamide and the coating complex fertilizer material sample of embodiment of the invention made, the proportioning of its mould material and nutrient dissolution characteristic see Table 1 respectively, table 2.Present embodiment granular urea, the surface-area of per kilogram urea are 1.8-2.2m
2, small particle urea 11-13m
2, (nutrients ratio: 16-12-12), the surface-area of per kilogram fertilizer is 1.1-1.3m to compound fertilizer
2The slow release fertilizer for preparing in the above embodiment of the present invention is contained in the nylon net bag by every part of 10.0g, it is soaked in the Plastic Bottle that fills the 200.0mL deionized water then, after 25 ℃ of conditions are placed 24h, nylon net bag is taken out, measure the nutrient content in the solution.The fertile pocket that takes out is put into the Plastic Bottle that another fills the 200.0mL deionized water again, continue under 25 ℃, to leave standstill, up to 7d, taking out fertile pocket, and measuring the nutrient content in the solution.Calculate initial stage solubility rate, differential solubility rate and the release period of coated fertilizer.
The initial stage solubility rate is meant that coated fertilizer soaks the percentage of 24h nutrient stripping in 25 ℃ deionized water.The differential solubility rate is meant that coated fertilizer soaks in 25 ℃ deionized water, the average solubility rate of 2-7d.Release period=(80-initial stage solubility rate)/differential solubility rate+1.
The mould material proportioning of table 1 coating 1.5kg urea and the nitrogen dissolution characteristic of corresponding fertilizer
| Numbering | Coated fertilizer (g) | Release period (d) | ||||
| ????PE | Paraffin | Starch | Lime carbonate | ????OP-10 ????(mL) | ||
| ????1 # | ????120 | ????7.5 | ????96 | |||
| ????2 # | ????90 | ????15 | ????35 | |||
| ????3 # | ????90 | ????15 | ????36 | |||
| ????4 # | ????90 | ????15 | ????1 | ????38 | ||
| ????5 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????48 | |||
| ????6 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????1 | ????52 | ||
| ????7 # | ????90 | ????15 | ????38 | |||
| ????8 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????19 | |||
| ????9 # | ????90 | ????15 | ????34 | |||
| ????10 # | ????90 | ????30 | ????11 | |||
| ????11 # | ????90 | ????30 | ????1 | ????14 | ||
| ????12 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????7.5 | ????21 | ||
| ????13 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????15 | ????29 | ||
| ????14 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????30 | ????34 | ||
| ????15 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????7.5 | ????16 | ||
| ????16 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????30 | ????34 | ||
| ????17 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????30 | ????1.5 | ????36 | |
| ????18 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????7.5 | ????15 | ????30 | |
| ????19 # | ????90 | ????7.5 | ????7.5 | ????15 | ????1.5 | ????34 |
| ????20 # | ????75 | ????25 | ????20 | ????17 | ||
As shown in table 1,1#-4# is several assembly ratios and the corresponding performance perameter thereof of the mould material of polyolefine and paraffin composition, wherein 4# has added auxiliary agent OP-10 and has been used for the reinforced film characteristic, 5#-7# is the mould material that polyolefine and lime carbonate are formed, wherein added auxiliary agent among the 6#, 8#-11# is the mould material that polyolefine and starch are formed, wherein added auxiliary agent among the 11#, 12#-14#, 20# is a polyolefine, the mould material that paraffin and starch are formed, 15#-17# is a polyolefine, the mould material that paraffin and lime carbonate are formed, wherein added auxiliary agent among the 17#, 18#-19# is a polyolefine, paraffin, the mould material that starch and lime carbonate are formed has added auxiliary agent among the 19#.As seen mould material adopts different proportionings will obtain different fertilizer dissolving out capability, and the needs in the time of can using according to reality are selected.
The mould material proportioning of table 2 coating complex fertilizer material and the nutrient dissolution characteristic of corresponding fertilizer
| Numbering | Fertilizer quality (kg) | Coated fertilizer, additive, auxiliary agent (g) | Nutrient stripping feature | |||||
| ????PE | Paraffin | Starch | Talcum powder | Silicone oil (mL) | The nutrient kind | Differential solubility rate (%) | ||
| ????21# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????N | ????6.3 | |||
| ????P | ????1.90 | |||||||
| ????K | ????5.8 | |||||||
| ????22# | ????1.5 | ????60 | ????15 | ????15 | ????N | ????7.5 | ||
| ????P | ????1.94 | |||||||
| ????K | ????4.3 | |||||||
| ????23# | ????1.5 | ????60 | ????15 | ????30 | ????N | ????5.9 | ||
| ????P | ????1.64 | |||||||
| ????K | ????5.2 | |||||||
| ????24# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????7.5 | ????N | ????6.5 | ||
| ????P | ????1.30 | |||||||
| ????K | ????4.1 | |||||||
| ????25# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????7.5 | ????1 | ????N | ????5.4 | |
| ????P | ????1.24 | |||||||
| ????K | ????3.7 | |||||||
| ????26# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????15 | ????N | ????6.1 | ||
| ????P | ????1.12 | |||||||
| ????K | ????3.8 | |||||||
| ????27# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????15 | ????N | ????7.0 | ||
| ????P | ????1.79 | |||||||
| ????K | ????5.8 | |||||||
| ????28# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????15 | ????N | ????7.0 | ||
| ????P | ????1.55 | |||||||
| ????K | ????5.7 | |||||||
| ????29# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????15 | ????15 | ????1 | ????N | ????10.9 | |
| ????P | ????3.55 | |||||||
| ????K | ????9.9 | |||||||
| ????30# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????10 | ????5 | ????N | ????8.9 | ||
| ????P | ????2.97 | |||||||
| ????K | ????8.5 | |||||||
| ????31# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????10 | ????5 | ????1 | ????N | ????9.6 | |
| ????P | ????2.91 | |||||||
| ????K | ????7.7 | |||||||
| ????32# | ????1.5 | ????75 | ????7.5 | ????7.5 | ????N | ????9.3 | ||
| ????P | ????2.80 | |||||||
| ????K | ????7.6 |
It should be noted last that: above embodiment is the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention, and not breaking away from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer is characterized in that: comprise polyolefine and paraffin, the weight ratio between them is, polyolefine accounts for 60%-98%, and paraffin accounts for 2%-40%.
2, according to the coated fertilizer of the described fertilizer of claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise inorganic material and organic materials, the weight ratio between them, polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, paraffin accounts for 2%-20%, and organic materials accounts for 2%-25%, and inorganic material accounts for 2%-25%.
3, a kind of coated fertilizer of fertilizer is characterized in that: can also comprise that weight accounts for the polyolefine of 60%-98% and the inorganic material of 2%-40%; Or
The coated fertilizer of described fertilizer comprises that weight accounts for the polyolefine of 60%-98% and the organic materials of 2%-40%; Or
The coated fertilizer of described fertilizer comprises polyolefine, paraffin and inorganic material, and the weight ratio between the component is, polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 5%-30%, and inorganic material accounts for 5%-30%; Or
The coated fertilizer of described fertilizer comprises polyolefine, paraffin and organic materials, and the weight ratio between the component is, polyolefine accounts for 60%-90%, and paraffin accounts for 5%-30%, and organic materials accounts for 5%-30%.
4, according to the coated fertilizer of claim 2 or 3 described fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described inorganic material is one or more in lime carbonate, talcum powder, magnesiumcarbonate, quartz, process white, the clay.
5, according to the coated fertilizer of claim 2 or 3 described fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described organic materials is one or more in starch, modified starch, flour, straw powder, the humic acid powder.
6, according to the coated fertilizer of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described fertilizer, it is characterized in that: also comprise tensio-active agent: OP-10 or/and silicone oil.
7, a kind of preparation method of coated fertilizer of fertilizer is characterized in that: comprises,
Step 1 is measured certain amount of solvent, is heated to 70-120 ℃;
Step 2 adds polyolefine according to the ratio that adds 20-150g in every liter of solvent, adds paraffin according to the ratio that adds 0-50g in every liter of solvent;
Step 3 after polyolefine and paraffin dissolve substantially, adds organic materials according to the ratio that adds 0-60g in every liter of solvent, and constantly stirs into the liquid of homogeneous, keeps heating, just stops heating after the temperature of coating liquid reaches 160 ℃.
8, the preparation method of the coated fertilizer of fertilizer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the solvent in the described step 1 is a turps, benzene, toluene or dimethylbenzene.
9, the preparation method of the coated fertilizer of fertilizer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in the described step 3, when adding organic materials, add inorganic material according to the ratio that adds 0-50g in every liter of solvent, add tensio-active agent then.
10, a kind of coating method of controllable sustained-release fertilizer is characterized in that: comprises,
Step 1 is made coating liquid in dissolving vessel;
Step 2, in dissolving vessel, prepare in the coating liquid, open blower fan, air compressor and airheater, when treating that heated air themperature is stabilized in 60-120 ℃, the fertilizer of certain mass is added in the coating tower by charging opening, regulate the air flow quantity of air compressor and blower fan, when fertilizer is stable boiling state in the coating tower, spray coating liquid.
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| CN 03155813 CN1229309C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Coating material and coating method for controllable slow releasing fertilizer |
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| CN 03155813 CN1229309C (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-08-22 | Coating material and coating method for controllable slow releasing fertilizer |
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| CN1229309C CN1229309C (en) | 2005-11-30 |
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| CN (1) | CN1229309C (en) |
Cited By (21)
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| WO2006091076A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-08-31 | Holland Novochem B.V. | Process for manufacturing free-flowing granulate particles of a plant auxiliary agent |
| CN101544521A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-30 | 郭强 | New material and technology for quickly coating compound fertilizer at normal temperature |
| CN101391923B (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-10-13 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer continuous production method and apparatus |
| CN101302131B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-11-03 | 北京市农林科学院 | S type controlled-release urea and preparing method thereof |
| CN101255069B (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2010-12-29 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Slow-release carbamide and preparation method thereof |
| CN1970510B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2011-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Sulfur envelope type slow release fertilizer with controlled release property and its preparation method |
| CN102219618A (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2011-10-19 | 山东农业大学 | Rice seedling raising controlled-release nitrogenous fertilizer applied completely in one time and preparation method thereof |
| CN101362663B (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2012-05-30 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer and production method thereof |
| US8236086B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2012-08-07 | Stamicarbon B.V. | Coated fertilizer |
| CN101613232B (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2012-08-29 | 朱庆然 | Resin placente controlled/release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102674978A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-09-19 | 三河市香丰肥业有限公司 | Coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101456775B (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-10-03 | 北京市农林科学院 | Fertilization method of cool season turf and its special coated controlled release fertilizer |
| CN103833476A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-04 | 润禾泰华生物科技（北京）有限公司 | Special liquid fertilizer for increasing yield of strawberry, killing insects and degrading pesticide residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN103833479A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-04 | 润禾泰华生物科技（北京）有限公司 | Special liquid medicine fertilizer for increasing production, killing pests and reducing residues of rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN103995095A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-08-20 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for measuring utilization rate of forest wood phosphate fertilizers |
| CN104003784A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-27 | 大连宁化微晶化工有限公司 | Slow release coated wax of efficient slow release composite fertilizer |
| CN105860980A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Slow release oxidant adopting calcium peroxide as matrix and polyethylene as coating film, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108264413A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-07-10 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所（山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心） | A kind of degradable sustained-controll-release fertiliser of salt affected soil and preparation method and application |
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| CN111943781A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-11-17 | 广西黎塘远东化肥有限责任公司 | Production method of fertilizer special for eucalyptus |
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2003
- 2003-08-22 CN CN 03155813 patent/CN1229309C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2006091076A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2006-08-31 | Holland Novochem B.V. | Process for manufacturing free-flowing granulate particles of a plant auxiliary agent |
| CN1970510B (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2011-03-23 | 南京理工大学 | Sulfur envelope type slow release fertilizer with controlled release property and its preparation method |
| US8236086B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2012-08-07 | Stamicarbon B.V. | Coated fertilizer |
| CN101484404B (en) * | 2006-06-30 | 2016-01-13 | 斯塔米卡邦有限公司 | Coated fertilizer |
| CN101544521A (en) * | 2008-03-24 | 2009-09-30 | 郭强 | New material and technology for quickly coating compound fertilizer at normal temperature |
| CN101255069B (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2010-12-29 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Slow-release carbamide and preparation method thereof |
| CN101302131B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2010-11-03 | 北京市农林科学院 | S type controlled-release urea and preparing method thereof |
| CN101613232B (en) * | 2008-06-26 | 2012-08-29 | 朱庆然 | Resin placente controlled/release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101362663B (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2012-05-30 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN101391923B (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-10-13 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Membrane wrapping control-releasing fertilizer continuous production method and apparatus |
| CN101456775B (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-10-03 | 北京市农林科学院 | Fertilization method of cool season turf and its special coated controlled release fertilizer |
| CN102219618A (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2011-10-19 | 山东农业大学 | Rice seedling raising controlled-release nitrogenous fertilizer applied completely in one time and preparation method thereof |
| CN102674978B (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2015-08-05 | 三河市香丰肥业有限公司 | A kind of coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102674978A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2012-09-19 | 三河市香丰肥业有限公司 | Coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104003784A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2014-08-27 | 大连宁化微晶化工有限公司 | Slow release coated wax of efficient slow release composite fertilizer |
| CN103833476A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-04 | 润禾泰华生物科技（北京）有限公司 | Special liquid fertilizer for increasing yield of strawberry, killing insects and degrading pesticide residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN103833476B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2015-09-09 | 润禾泰华生物科技（北京）有限公司 | Residual Special-purpose liquid pesticide-containing fertilizer of a kind of strawberry volume increase desinsection degraded agriculture and preparation method thereof |
| CN103833479A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-06-04 | 润禾泰华生物科技（北京）有限公司 | Special liquid medicine fertilizer for increasing production, killing pests and reducing residues of rice and preparation method thereof |
| CN103995095A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-08-20 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | Method for measuring utilization rate of forest wood phosphate fertilizers |
| CN105860980A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 | Slow release oxidant adopting calcium peroxide as matrix and polyethylene as coating film, and preparation method thereof |
| CN106396981A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-02-15 | 广西大学 | Pumpkin fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108264413A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-07-10 | 山东省农业科学院玉米研究所（山东省农业科学院玉米工程技术研究中心） | A kind of degradable sustained-controll-release fertiliser of salt affected soil and preparation method and application |
| CN108424235A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-21 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Coating type organic nitrates ammonium calcium granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111943781A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-11-17 | 广西黎塘远东化肥有限责任公司 | Production method of fertilizer special for eucalyptus |
| CN111943781B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-04-15 | 广西黎塘远东化肥有限责任公司 | Production method of fertilizer special for eucalyptus |
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