CN103995095A - Method for measuring utilization rate of forest wood phosphate fertilizers - Google Patents
Method for measuring utilization rate of forest wood phosphate fertilizers Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for measuring the utilization rate of forest wood phosphate fertilizers. According to the method, nylon net bags are selected, phosphate fertilizers or mixtures of the phosphate fertilizers and other fertilizers are charged into the nylon net bags, after the net bags are buried into proper soil layers of forest land soil for a certain time, the residual fertilizers in the nylon net bags and the soil with a proper distance from positions above, below and around the nylon bags are collected, and soil phosphorus analysis is carried out; the residual quantity of the phosphate fertilizers is calculated according to the sum of the residual quantity of the phosphate fertilizers in the nylon net bag and the residual quantity of the phosphate fertilizers in the soil, and in addition, the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizers is calculated according to a formula. The method can be used for studying the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizers of the perennial forest wood, and has higher practical values on forest wood nutrition diagnosis and reasonable phosphate fertilizer application to forest land.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of measuring forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, belong to soil agrochemistry technical field.
Background technology
Phosphorus is that tree growth is grown one of indispensable nutrient, it is the constituent of important organic compounds in forest body, participate in many ways again the physiology course in forest body, the growing of forest, physiological metabolism, yield and quality etc. are played an important role.It is one of important measures that ensure forest fast-growing, high yield that science is used phosphate fertilizer, is also the element task of Forest Soil Fertility improvement.The measuring method of phosphate fertilizer utilization rate of fertilizer has at present: 1) differential technique, the amount of nutrients of utilizing fertilization area plant to absorb deducts the amount of nutrients that fertilization area plant does not absorb, its difference is considered as the amount of nutrients of phosphate fertilizer supply, then is phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency divided by phosphate fertilizer amount of nutrients used.The method is more applicable to short-term field crops such as wheat, paddy rice and corn etc., and to perennial forests such as rubber trees, need to arrange destructive test, and workload is large, is often difficult to operation.2) isotope-labelling method,
32p,
33the phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency of P mark phosphate fertilizer method research crop is more accurate, but because mark phosphate fertilizer has radioactivity, needs task equipment and technology, is also not easy operation in the research of perennial forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency.If rubber tree phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency in the Forest Tree Nutrient diagnostic fertilization formula such as rubber tree is to produce on the basis of using for reference annual crop utilization rate of fertilizer, its actual phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is still unclear at present.
After the water soluble phosphorous fertilizers such as calcium superphosphate are manured into soil, moisture collects to fertilising point, one-lime phosphate is dissolved and hydrolysis, forms the saturated solution of a kind of one-lime phosphate, phosphoric acid and water-bearing phosphate dicalcium, in fertilising point surrounding soil solution, the concentration of phosphorus can reach 10-20mg/kg, makes phosphoric acid constantly to external diffusion.At fertilising point, within the scope of its micro-region soil, the pH of saturated solution can reach 1-1.5.In the process to external diffusion, the iron in soil, aluminium, calcium, magnesium etc. can be dissolved out, with phosphate anion effect, form the phosphate of different solubilities.In acid ground, one-lime phosphate conventionally with iron, aluminium effect formation ferric phosphate, aluminum precipitation, be then further hydrolyzed to slag ferric phosphate aluminium.Research shows, acid ground ability fixing and Phosphate Sorption is stronger, even in high irrigation volume and high phosphorus amount of application situation, only has small part active phosphorus migration distance to exceed 5cm, but be all no more than 12cm soil layer (woods relieves inflammation or internal heat etc., 2004; Du Zhenyu etc., 2005; Jin Liang etc., 2008).The predictability of phosphate fertilizer leaching and situation of movement in soil for the perennial forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency of indirect determination provide may, but prior art to the mensuration of perennial forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency also exist cannot be rationally definite technical matters.
List of references
Woods relieves inflammation or internal heat, Luo Wei, and woods is encouraged and washes one's hair, etc. the First Report of Studies [J] of phosphate fertilizer Leaching Character in latosol. tropical crops journal, 2004,25 (1): 58-63.
Du Zhenyu, Zhou Jianmin. the migration and conversion [J] of phosphorus in micro-territory, the fertile border of red soil. water and soil conservation journal, 2005,19 (3): 1-4.
Jin Liang, Zhou Jianmin, Wang Huoyan, etc. conversion and the vertical diffusion [J] of diammonium hydrogen phosphate in acid ground. ecological and rural environment journal, 2008,24 (3): 45-50.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of assay method that is applicable to perennial forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, technical matters that cannot be rationally definite with phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency in solving Forest Tree Nutrient diagnosis and applying fertilizer.
In order to realize object of the present invention, a kind of method of measuring forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1. select nylon net bag to pack phosphate fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and other fertiliser mixtures into, nylon net bag is imbedded to the suitable soil layer of timbered soil, and length of embedment can select forest to absorb the soil layer of the 0-30cm that root system is intensive, and the time of imbedding can be set according to testing requirements, can be 6 months, 12 months or 24 months;
The specification of described nylon net bag is long 45cm, wide 15cm, and on nylon net bag bag wall, mesh aperture is 2mm;
2. according to testing requirements, first definite nylon net bag is imbedded region, gathers this region different depth soil sample and measures total Phosphorus In Soil content, as the full phosphorus background values of each deep soil; Nylon net bag is imbedded after the respective depth certain hour of forest land, gathers nylon net bag residue fertilizer and nylon net bag is upper and lower and soil around,
Carry out soil phosphorus analysis;
Described collection nylon net bag soil upper and lower and around is apart from nylon net bag 15cm, gathers when soil according to 0-5cm, and 5-10cm, 10-15cm carries out layering collection.In pedotheque and nylon net bag, remaining phosphate fertilizer sample is air-dry grinds rear mensuration content of tatal phosphorus.
3. calculate phosphate fertilizer residual volume according to phosphate fertilizer residual quantity in nylon net bag and the fertile residual volume sum of Soil Phosphorus, in certain hour, the computing formula of phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is:
A kind of method of measuring forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency of the present invention, selects meshed nylon net bag to pack phosphate fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and other fertiliser mixtures into, and nylon net bag is imbedded to the suitable soil layer of timbered soil, and fine-root can put in the interior nutrients such as phosphate fertilizer that absorb of nylon net bag.Aperture on nylon net bag bag wall is 2mm, can effectively stop penetrating of the thick root of forest (diameter >2mm), makes the feeding roots such as radicula (≤2mm) through nylon wire, can realize the enrichment of feeding root.Nylon net bag layering collection upper and lower and 15cm soil around can ensure whole recovery of leaching or migration phosphate fertilizer, can measure comparatively all sidedly the situation that fine-root absorbs phosphate fertilizer, the technical matters that in having solved current Forest Tree Nutrient diagnosis and having applied fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency cannot be rationally definite.
Embodiment
When a kind of method of measuring forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency of the present invention is implemented, first in forest land, selected 75cm × 45cm imbeds region as nylon net bag in region, in this region, gathers 5 different depth soil samples with the quincunx method earth boring auger of layouting, and sampling depth is respectively 15-20cm, 20-25cm, 25-30cm, 30-35cm, 35-40cm, 40-45cm soil layer, same degree of depth soil sample mixes as a sample, and soil sample air-dry ground after 2mm sieve, measures the background values of content of tatal phosphorus as different depth soil phophorus.Then use spade in this region, to dig the cave of long 46cm, wide 15cm, dark 20cm, according to testing requirements, to the nylon net bag cave of putting into parallel to the ground of phosphate fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and other fertiliser mixtures sealing be housed in advance, back-filling in layers native soil and compacting, mark imbeds position so that phosphate fertilizer and soil sample collection around in follow-up nylon net bag; The embedding time can be 6 months, 12 months or 24 months.The specification of nylon net bag is long 45cm, wide 15cm, and on nylon net bag bag wall, mesh aperture is 2mm.
After off-test, carefully excavates table soil, gather residue fertilizer in nylon net bag, and layering gathers nylon net bag up and down and the soil of 15cm around, while gathering soil according to apart from nylon net bag 0-5cm, 5-10cm, 10-15cm carries out layering collection.Remaining phosphate fertilizer in different levels soil and nylon net bag is taken back to laboratory, air-dry after, every sample segment of weighing, mixes the total Phosphorus In Soil content of measuring each several part sample.The sample gathering amounts to 19, wherein 18 of soil samples, 1, the remaining phosphate fertilizer sample of nylon net bag.
Phosphate fertilizer residual volume computing formula is as follows:
In phosphate fertilizer residual quantity=nylon net bag, in remaining phosphate fertilizer content of tatal phosphorus × nylon net bag, remaining phosphate fertilizer dry weight+∑ [(every part soil sample content of tatal phosphorus-this part soil sample background content of tatal phosphorus) × this part soil sample dry weight] calculates phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency as follows.
Phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency computing formula is:
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (3)
1. measure a method for forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, it is characterized in that selecting nylon net bag to pack phosphate fertilizer or phosphate fertilizer and other fertiliser mixtures into, imbed the soil layer of the 0-30cm that forest land forest absorption root system is intensive; Nylon net bag is imbedded after the certain hour of forest land, gathers nylon net bag residue fertilizer and nylon net bag is upper and lower and suitable distance soil around, carries out soil phosphorus analysis.
2. a kind of method of measuring forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency according to claim 1, the specification that it is characterized in that described nylon net bag is long 45cm, wide 15cm, on nylon net bag bag wall, mesh aperture is 2mm.
3. a kind of method of measuring forest phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described collection nylon net bag soil upper and lower and is apart from nylon net bag 15cm around, gather when soil according to 0-5cm, 5-10cm, 10-15cm carries out layering collection.
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Citations (7)
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| CN101050146A (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2007-10-10 | 山东农业大学 | Calcium fertilizer for fruit trees |
| JP2008131914A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-12 | Nisshoku Corp | Greening method, surface soil collecting device to be used for the same, and greening structure body |
| CN201409300Y (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2010-02-24 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Slow releasing manuring bag |
| CN201479588U (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-05-26 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Fruit tree bag-shaped controlled release fertilizer bag |
| KR20100119853A (en) * | 2010-10-24 | 2010-11-11 | 장진찬 | The environment affinity type modular gabion |
| CN102850119A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-01-02 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Special controlled-release fertilizer for container seedling raising of larch and application thereof |
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2014
- 2014-04-22 CN CN201410163095.9A patent/CN103995095B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1486964A (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2004-04-07 | 中国农业大学 | Coating material and coating method for controllable slow releasing fertilizer |
| JP2008131914A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-12 | Nisshoku Corp | Greening method, surface soil collecting device to be used for the same, and greening structure body |
| CN101050146A (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2007-10-10 | 山东农业大学 | Calcium fertilizer for fruit trees |
| CN201479588U (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-05-26 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Fruit tree bag-shaped controlled release fertilizer bag |
| CN201409300Y (en) * | 2009-05-05 | 2010-02-24 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Slow releasing manuring bag |
| KR20100119853A (en) * | 2010-10-24 | 2010-11-11 | 장진찬 | The environment affinity type modular gabion |
| CN102850119A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2013-01-02 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Special controlled-release fertilizer for container seedling raising of larch and application thereof |
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| 陈剑秋: "几种新型缓控释肥工艺及养分释放特征研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库》, 15 December 2012 (2012-12-15) * |
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