CN1587234A - Film coated control releasing regetable special fertilizer and its producing method - Google Patents
Film coated control releasing regetable special fertilizer and its producing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1587234A CN1587234A CN 200410050220 CN200410050220A CN1587234A CN 1587234 A CN1587234 A CN 1587234A CN 200410050220 CN200410050220 CN 200410050220 CN 200410050220 A CN200410050220 A CN 200410050220A CN 1587234 A CN1587234 A CN 1587234A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses coated release controlling fertilizer for vegetable and its production process. The coating layer consists of PVA, PVP, talcum powder, inhibitor and water. Under certain technological conditions, the granular composite fertilizer is coated to form the release controlling fertilizer with release control of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, both coating and inhibiting function, degradable coating and soil improving function. The fertilizer effect period may reach 80-100 days, and once fertilizer application may meet the nutrients requirement in whole growth period of vegetable. The present invention has less fertilizer loss, high fertilizer utilization, effectively lowered nitrate content in vegetable, degradation of the coating within 100 days into no-toxic matter, and effective improvement of soil structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coating sustained-controll-release fertiliser, slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of particularly a kind of coating and method for making thereof.
Background technology
At present, vegetables are because the common chemical fertilizer of excessive use, the nitrate content severe overweight, and the serious harm HUMAN HEALTH is badly in need of the slow release and release control fertilizer of a kind of energy and is used for vegetables and produces.For improving utilization rate of fertilizer, carried out the development of coated fertilizer apart both at home and abroad, be not specifically designed to the film-coated controlled release fertilizer that vegetables produce but also have.Main representative patent has: the film material of United States Patent (USP) (US 4 801498.CA110:137178) coated fertilizer is made of the multipolymer fat of ethene and methacrylic acid.Japanese Patent (1279683) (1985) special permission discloses a kind of overlay film fertilizer and method for making thereof, and to be film material by polyolefine or ethene and vinyl acetate copolymer and talcum powder formed etc.Other are used for the coated fertilizer film material also has: with the wax of toluene and vitriolization rosin gained, the multipolymer of Synolac and unsaturated grease, polyureas carbamate and isocyanic ester etc., the real meaning of this class fertilizer is coated slow-release (long-acting) fertilizer, only thickness degree and the density by rete prolongs fertilizer efficiency, can't effectively control fertilizer nutrient and discharge.There are the inorganic materials such as ground phosphate rock of Chinese patent ZL 95109720.2 employings in China at the coated fertilizer that is adopted aspect the development of coated fertilizer at present, density is not enough, the integument aperture is greater than 10m, and rete easily breaks, slow release effect is relatively poor, other patent disclosure specification sheetss have been introduced and have been used urea-formaldehyde resin, waste plastic, shellac, rosin, the carboxy methyl cellulose parcel is the coated fertilizer of core with urea, but general complex manufacturing, though obtain the effect of certain prolongation fertilizer efficiency, but can not effectively control the release of fertilizer nutrient, and mainly be to be released to the master, can not take into account the phosphorus potassium nutrition and discharge to prolong nitrogen nutrient.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of a kind of coating and method for making thereof, water-soluble high-molecular material polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) (PVP) and talcum powder that employing has the soil improvement function are main coating raw material, dose nitrification inhibitor or urease inhibitor (if urea-base compound fertilizer) simultaneously, enwrapped granule composite fertilizer, it is simple to have production technique, simultaneously the controlled release npk nutrient.
Coating provided by the invention delays controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material, it is characterized in that component and part by weight that coating layer feeds intake are as follows:
Polyvinyl alcohol 8～10
Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) 2.2～2.5
Talcum powder 2.3～5
Inhibitor 0.1～0.4
Water 83～87
Above-mentioned inhibitor is Dyhard RU 100, quinhydrones, can use separately, also can use simultaneously.
Coated release-controlled fertilizer special for vegetable material production method provided by the invention is characterized in that:
A, the polyvinyl alcohol of part by weight 8～10 is added part by weight 50-70 water, 90 ℃～93 ℃ down dissolving make solution;
B, polyvinyl alcohol solution is cooled to 60-70 ℃ after, getting Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) 2.2～2.5, talcum powder 2.3～5 and inhibitor 0.1～0.4 by weight proportion joins in the solution, in homogenizer, stir to become coating liquid after 30 minutes and change liquid storage over to and irritate stirrer rotating speed 100r/min;
C, with plain particles fertilizer utilization bolting classification, one of the particle of same granularity is produced;
D, the fertilizer after will sieving are packed into and are had the granulating disc of heating function, preheating under 55-60 ℃ of condition, the rotation fertilizer surface of scraping;
E, coating liquid atomize by pneumatic pump, and every 3 minutes spraying fertilizer surfaces, coating thickness weight was 3%～7% of gross weight, cooling back packing.
The present invention compares with prior art, has following advantage:
1, production technique of the present invention is simple, and non-chemical industry synthesis technique only uses compound technology to finish, and equipment is reactor, agitator, pneumatic pump commonly used, spray gun, and the production unit cost is low, can directly drop into existing fertilizer plant production;
2, nutrient controlled release mode of the present invention is to form the water absorption and swelling rete with polyvinyl alcohol and Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP); talcum powder can form semi-transparent water film; the control npk nutrient discharges, and coating layer can be npk nutrient the physical protection layer is provided, and avoids running off and fixing.In coating, add simultaneously inhibiting nitrification system and urease inhibitor, the release of two-way control nutrient, especially in nitrogen controlled release and minimizing soil and plant materials aspect the nitrate content effect obvious.
3, the present invention adopts coating material polyethylene alcohol for soil improvement agent commonly used, can form the effective k adsorption ion of water stable state colloid with soil particle, avoids the loss of potassium;
4, the coating layer that Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) that the present invention adopts and polyvinyl alcohol form can biological degradation in 100 days, and is environmentally friendly;
5, preparation method of the present invention can adjust formula rate and film thickness according to Different Crop and edaphic condition, and the control nutrient discharges, and fertilizer efficiency period can reach 80-100 days;
6, raw material of the present invention and processing mode only increase about 100 yuan of production costs, and the utilization rate of fertilizer of nitrogen rises to 18.26%-27.98%, and the utilization ratio of phosphorus improves 5%-8%, and the utilization ratio of potassium improves 6-12%, have good cost performance, adapt to the agriculture production requirement.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The 30kg polyvinyl alcohol is added 200kg water, reactor at the 10r/min agitator dissolved 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions, after being cooled to 70 ℃, 7.5kg Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP), 7.5kg talcum powder, 0.5kg Dyhard RU 100 or 0.5kg quinhydrones (only at urea base composite fertilizer) are dropped in the polyvinyl alcohol solution, add 300kg water again and in the 100r/min stirrer, stir and made coating liquid in 30 minutes.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Coating liquid sprayed the fertilizer surface by pneumatic pump every 3 minutes, spray time 20 minutes, and the weight of coating thickness is 3% of granulated fertilizer gross weight, cooling packing.
Embodiment 2:
The 50kg polyvinyl alcohol is added 250kg water, reactor at the 10r/mn agitator dissolved 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions, after being cooled to 72 ℃, with 12.5kg Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP), 12.5kg talcum powder, 0.5kg Dyhard RU 100 and 0.5kg quinhydrones (at the composition of nitrogen during based on the composition of urea, both use simultaneously) drop in the polyvinyl alcohol solution, add 250kg water again and in the 100r/min stirrer, stir and made coating liquid in 30 minutes.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Every 3 minutes spraying fertilizer surfaces, spray time 20 minutes, coating thickness were 5% of granulated fertilizer gross weight to coating liquid, cooling packing by pneumatic pump.
Embodiment 3:
The 70kg polyvinyl alcohol is added 300kg water, reactor at the 10r/min agitator dissolved 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions, after being cooled to 75 ℃, 17.5kg Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP), 17.5kg talcum powder, 0.5kg Dyhard RU 100 or 0.5kg quinhydrones (only at urea base composite fertilizer) are dropped in the polyvinyl alcohol solution, add 200kg water again and in the 100r/min stirrer, stir and made coating liquid in 30 minutes.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Every 3 minutes spraying fertilizer surfaces, spray time 20 minutes, coating thickness were 7% of granulated fertilizer gross weight to coating liquid, cooling packing by pneumatic pump.
Embodiment 4:
The 42.85kg polyvinyl alcohol is added 300kg water, reactor at the 10r/min agitator dissolved 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions, after being cooled to 70 ℃, 10.71kg Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP), 21.43kg talcum powder and 0.6kg Dyhard RU 100 are dropped in the polyvinyl alcohol solution, add 200kg water again and in the 100r/min stirrer, stir and made coating liquid in 30 minutes.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Every 3 minutes spraying fertilizer surfaces, spray time 20 minutes, coating thickness were 5% of granulated fertilizer gross weight to coating liquid, cooling packing by pneumatic pump.
Result of use:
1, Dongling, Shenyang City brown earth plantation Chinese cabbage, soil is medium fertility.With the effect of pot experiment method checking coating controlled-release fertilizer, plant a season after soil still have fertilizer residual.Waiting under nutrient and the equal proportion condition, adopting coating and non-coating to handle.The npk nutrient ratio is 16: 10: 14, and the plastic tub alms bowl is adopted in test, and every basin is adorned native 3kg, and the fertilise amount is except that contrast, and other each processing is all to wait the N 0.175g/kg soil of nutrient, P
2O
50.109g/kg soil, K
2O 0.153g/kg soil does that base manure is disposable to apply, and each is handled and repeats ten times.Use the processing of coated compound fertilizer and compare photograph (not applying fertilizer) volume increase 428.71%～447.61% respectively, than conventional composite fertilizer volume increase 23.78%-28.20%.
2, test at Liaozhong County, Shenyang City alluviation type meadow soil, plantation celery and tomato, 5% coating+inhibitor release and release control fertilizer (16-8-16) is best with effect of increasing production to growing of celery, compare (waiting nutrient) with conventional fertilizer application, celery output improves 12.8%, nitrogen utilization efficiency improves 8.25%, and the plain utilization ratio of phosphorus improves 5.62%, and the potassium utilization rate improves 4.0%; The tomato upgrowth situation is best with 8%～11% coating+inhibitor effect, than conventional fertilizer application (composite fertilizer of equal nutrient content) volume increase 22.7%.
Use coated fertilizer and can reduce nitrate content in the vegetables significantly.In the celery experiment, unconstrained dose coated compound fertilizer reduces by 2.63%～28.95% than the nitrate content in conventional composite fertilizer (the waiting nutrient) stem of celery, coating+inhibitor release and release control fertilizer reduces by 44.3%～65.7% than nitrate content in the conventional fertilizer application stem, makes the celery quality reach the one-level level by the threshold limit values standard; Tomato also has similar trend, and wherein 5% coating and 5% film thereof+inhibitor can also improve Vc content in the tomato fruit.
3, the cucumber that carries out at Shenyang City's Dongling District vegetable garden soil, eggplant, capsicum field test, the nutrient validity period of 5% coat fertilizer is more consistent with the nutrition rule of cucumber, eggplant, and is best to plant-growth and effect of increasing production; The effect of 5% coat fertilizer inhibiting is second to unconstrained dose slightly, because inhibitor has prolonged fertilizer efficiency, finishes nutrient breeding time to cucumber, eggplant and also and do not discharge fully; 8% coated fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is longer, and effect is the poorest in coated fertilizer.If can add inhibitor than length breeding time.Because its breeding time is shorter, membrane wrapping thickness is excessive or add inhibitor and all can prolong the time that nutrient discharges, and makes crop can not obtain competent nutrient in breeding time, thereby influences the raising of output.Capsicum is used 5% coat fertilizer and reaches extremely significant effect of increasing production, and 5% coat fertilizer inhibiting is handled and 8% coat fertilizer processing extremely significantly is better than the processing of conventional composite fertilizer.Conventional composite fertilizer handles and is better than 8% coat fertilizer inhibiting processing, and 8% coat fertilizer inhibiting is handled and extremely significantly is better than the conventional fertilizer application processing again. and they all are better than not fertilizer treatment.
Claims (6)
1, the slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of a kind of coating is characterized in that component and part by weight that coating layer feeds intake are as follows:
Polyvinyl alcohol 30～80
Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) 2.2～2.5
Talcum powder 2.3～5
Inhibitor 0.1～0.4
Water 83～87
2, the slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that inhibitor is Dyhard RU 100, quinhydrones, can use separately, also can use simultaneously.
3, the slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that PVAC polyvinylalcohol molecular weight model is 1300-1800.
4, the slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) is PVP-K30 and PVP-A64.
5, the slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material of coating according to claim 1 is characterized in that inhibitor is dihydro-amine and quinhydrones.According to producing needs, can use jointly, also can be used alone,
6, the slow controlled release fertilizer special for vegetable material production method of a kind of coating is as follows:
A, by weight proportion 8～10 with polyvinyl alcohol 90 ℃～93 ℃ down dissolving make solution;
B, polyvinyl alcohol solution is cooled to 60-70 ℃ after, getting Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) 2.2～2.5, talcum powder 2.3～5 and inhibitor 0.1～0.4 by weight proportion joins in the solution, in homogenizer, stir and become coating liquid to change liquid storage filling, stirrer rotating speed 100r/min over to after 30 minutes;
C, with plain particles fertilizer utilization bolting classification, one of the particle of same granularity is produced;
D, the fertilizer after will sieving are packed into and are had the granulating disc of heating function, preheating under 55-60 ℃ of condition, the rotation fertilizer surface of scraping;
E, coating liquid atomize by pneumatic pump, and every 3 minutes spraying fertilizer surfaces, coating thickness weight was 3%～7% of gross weight., cooling back packing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100502201A CN1256307C (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2004-08-09 | Film coated control releasing regetable special fertilizer and its producing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100502201A CN1256307C (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2004-08-09 | Film coated control releasing regetable special fertilizer and its producing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1587234A true CN1587234A (en) | 2005-03-02 |
| CN1256307C CN1256307C (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100502201A Expired - Fee Related CN1256307C (en) | 2004-08-09 | 2004-08-09 | Film coated control releasing regetable special fertilizer and its producing method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101215202B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-06-02 | 山东大学 | Leaf vegetable release-controlling fertilizer |
| CN101165014B (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2010-10-13 | 张学锋 | Water-saving medicine slag film coating base fertilizer and producing method thereof |
| CN102260123A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-11-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biodegradable coated urea and its preparation method |
| CN103664527A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-26 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | Clean preparation method for 2,4-dichloro-alpha-chloromethyl benzyl alcohol |
| CN106883053A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-23 | 王现明 | A kind of fertilizer special for watermelon and preparation method thereof |
| CN108887115A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-27 | 界首市龙源种植专业合作社 | A kind of Radix Codonopsis implantation methods |
| CN109438141A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof applied to herbage |
| CN114773123A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-22 | 太原理工大学 | Environment-friendly slow-release coated urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
-
2004
- 2004-08-09 CN CNB2004100502201A patent/CN1256307C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101165014B (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2010-10-13 | 张学锋 | Water-saving medicine slag film coating base fertilizer and producing method thereof |
| CN101215202B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-06-02 | 山东大学 | Leaf vegetable release-controlling fertilizer |
| CN102260123A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-11-30 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biodegradable coated urea and its preparation method |
| CN103664527A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-26 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | Clean preparation method for 2,4-dichloro-alpha-chloromethyl benzyl alcohol |
| CN103664527B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2016-04-06 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | A kind of method of clean preparation 2,4-bis-chloro-α-chloromethylbenzene methyl alcohol |
| CN106883053A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-06-23 | 王现明 | A kind of fertilizer special for watermelon and preparation method thereof |
| CN108887115A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-27 | 界首市龙源种植专业合作社 | A kind of Radix Codonopsis implantation methods |
| CN109438141A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 辽宁大学 | A kind of slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof applied to herbage |
| CN114773123A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-22 | 太原理工大学 | Environment-friendly slow-release coated urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114773123B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-12-08 | 太原理工大学 | Environment-friendly slow-release coated urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1256307C (en) | 2006-05-17 |
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Granted publication date: 20060517 Termination date: 20100809 |