CN1234658C - Method for preparation of coated release-controlled compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for preparation of coated release-controlled compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1234658C CN1234658C CNB2004100210792A CN200410021079A CN1234658C CN 1234658 C CN1234658 C CN 1234658C CN B2004100210792 A CNB2004100210792 A CN B2004100210792A CN 200410021079 A CN200410021079 A CN 200410021079A CN 1234658 C CN1234658 C CN 1234658C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a preparation method of control release compound fertilizer, which comprises the steps of the preparation of coating liquid and the coating of compound fertilizer granules. A common granulating device is combined, a fertilizer coating layer is synthesized by using polyvinyl alcohol as a degradable high molecular soil modifying agent, natural high molecular starch and a fertilizer persistent agent as main components to coat granular compound fertilizer, and thus, the coating control release fertilizer which can simultaneously control the release of the nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and integrate the functions of degrading a membranous layer, improving soil, etc. A fertilizer effect period reaches 70 to 90 days, the nutrient requirements for the whole growing period of crops can be satisfied by one-time fertilizer application, fertilizer loss is effectively reduced, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased. The membranous layer can be biologically degraded within 100 days, degradation ingredients are nontoxic and harmless, and a soil structure can be effectively improved. The present invention has the advantages of handy raw materials, simple processing technology, low cost and convenient production and use.
Description
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to a kind of technology of preparing of coated fertilizer.
Background technology
Leaching, chemical fixation, volatilization take place in chemical fertilizer easily that be used for agriculture production in soil, cause the loss of fertilizer nutrient serious, and the utilization rate of fertilizer utmost point is reduced, and cause the serious environmental pollution.For improving utilization rate of fertilizer, development, the production of coated fertilizer have been carried out apart both at home and abroad.But fertilizer efficiency period is few for fertile amount in earlier stage at the coated fertilizer more than 70 days at present, can not satisfy the plant growth needs, need join and execute certain quick-acting fertilizer, and fertilizer practice is higher, is difficult for grasping.And film material is for being difficult for the synthesized polymer material of degraded, contain the certain benzene class and the hazardous solvent of chloride ion-containing, not only endanger environment and material cost costliness, be difficult for promoting the use of in agriculture production, for example: the film material of the coated fertilizer of United States Patent (USP) (US 4 801498.CA110:137178) is made of the multipolymer fat of ethene and methacrylic acid.Japanese Patent (1279683) (1985) special permission discloses a kind of overlay film fertilizer and method for making thereof, and to be film material by polyolefine or ethene and vinyl acetate copolymer and talcum powder formed etc.Other are used for the coated fertilizer film material also has: with the wax of toluene and vitriolization rosin gained, the multipolymer of Synolac and unsaturated grease, polyureas carbamate and isocyanic ester etc.The real meaning of this class fertilizer is the coated slow-release controlled availability fertilizer, and only thickness degree and the density by rete prolongs fertilizer efficiency, can't effectively control fertilizer nutrient and discharge.There are the inorganic materials such as ground phosphate rock of Chinese patent ZL 95109720.2 employings in China at the coated fertilizer that is adopted aspect the development of coated fertilizer at present, density is not enough, the integument aperture is greater than 10 μ m, and rete easily breaks, slow release effect is relatively poor, other patent disclosure specification sheetss have been introduced and have been used urea-formaldehyde resin, waste plastic, shellac, rosin, the carboxy methyl cellulose parcel is the coated fertilizer of core with urea, but general complex manufacturing, though obtain the effect of certain prolongation fertilizer efficiency, but can not effectively control the release of fertilizer nutrient, and mainly be to be released to the master, can not take into account phosphorus to prolong nitrogen nutrient, potassium nutrition discharges.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to prepare that a kind of production technique is simple, cost is low, can effectively control the release of fertilizer nutrient, use the back nutrient and do not run off, fertilizer efficiency period is long, contaminated soil environment not, the coated release-controlled compound manure with formedness price ratio.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
1, the weight percent component of compound manure controlled release coating liquid is:
PVAC polyvinylalcohol 5-15%, conventional corn starch 10-15%,
Dyhard RU 100 powder 0.1%, sulfuric acid copper powder 0.01%,
Sulfuric acid zinc powder 0.01%, perlite powder, 25-35%,
Water 34.88-54.88%;
2, coating liquid synthetic method:
10-15% gets conventional corn starch by the coating liquid weight percent, and the water of weight percents such as adding and W-Gum, and gelatinization under 85 ℃～90 ℃ agitation conditions was stirred 30 minutes, became dextrin; The molecular weight of getting weight percent 5-15% again is the PVAC polyvinylalcohol of 1300-1800, and the water that adds weight percent 24.88-39.88% again dissolves down at 90 ℃ makes solution; PVAC polyvinylalcohol solution is added in the corn dextrin, in homogenizer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add the Dyhard RU 100 powder of weight percent 0.1%, the sulfuric acid copper powder of weight percent 0.01, the sulfuric acid zinc powder of weight percent 0.01%, the perlite powder of weight percent 25-35% successively, high-speed stirring changes the liquid storage filling over to after 10 minutes again.
3, compound fertilizer integument method:
A, with the classification of plain particles fertilizer utilization vibratory screening apparatus, one of the particle of same granularity is produced;
B, the fertilizer after will sieving are packed into and are had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation;
C, coating liquid atomize by pneumatic pump, and every 3 minutes spraying fertilizer surfaces, spray time 20-30 minute, coating thickness weight was the 5-10% of coated fertilizer weight percent, cooling back packing.
The present invention compares with prior art, has following advantage:
1, production technique of the present invention is simple, and non-chemical industry synthesis technique only uses compound technology to finish, and equipment is reactor, agitator, pneumatic pump commonly used, spray gun, and the production unit cost is low, can directly drop into existing fertilizer plant production;
2, nutrient controlled release mode of the present invention is to form the water absorption and swelling rete with polyvinyl alcohol and W-Gum, can be by the expansion rete cell size of pouring water, and the control npk nutrient discharges, and rete can be npk nutrient the physical protection layer is provided, and avoids loss and fixing.
3, rete component Dyhard RU 100 powder of the present invention, copper sulfate powder, zinc sulfate powder are the nitrogen release inhibitors, and nitrogen is slowly discharged, and copper sulfate powder, zinc sulfate powder can replenish the micronutrient needs of crop for trace element;
4, the present invention adopts coating material polyethylene alcohol for soil improvement agent commonly used, can form the effective k adsorption ion of water stable state colloid with soil particle, avoids the loss of potassium;
5, W-Gum that the present invention adopts can promote the activity of soil microorganisms through overcuring, and the rete that forms with polyvinyl alcohol can be artifacts degraded in 90-100 days, and is environmentally friendly;
6, preparation method of the present invention can adjust formula rate and film thickness according to Different Crop and edaphic condition, and the control nutrient discharges, and fertilizer efficiency period can reach 70-90 days;
7, raw material of the present invention and processing mode only increase production cost 100-150 unit, and the utilization rate of fertilizer of nitrogen rises to 15%-20%, and the utilization ratio of phosphorus improves 5%-8%, and the utilization ratio of potassium improves 2-5%, have good cost performance, adapt to the agriculture production requirement.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The 15kg W-Gum is added 15kg water, gelatinization 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions in the reactor of 10r/min agitator; The 5kg PVAC polyvinylalcohol that with molecular weight is 1300-1800 simultaneously drops in another reactor, and the water that adds 34.88kg dissolves down at 90 ℃ makes solution; Then PVA solution is added in the corn dextrin by liquid absorbing pump, in the 100r/min stirrer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add 0.1kg Dyhard RU 100 powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid copper powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid zinc powder, 30kg perlite powder, high-speed stirring is made coating liquid and is changed over to during the liquid storage that links to each other with pneumatic pump irritates after 10 minutes again.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Coating liquid sprayed the fertilizer surface by pneumatic pump every 3 minutes, spray time 20 minutes, and coating thickness weight is 5% of coated fertilizer weight percent, cooling packing.
Embodiment 2:
The 10kg W-Gum is added 10kg water, gelatinization 30 minutes under 85 ℃ of conditions in the reactor of 10r/min agitator; The 10kg PVAC polyvinylalcohol that with molecular weight is 1300-1800 simultaneously drops in another reactor, adds the dissolving under 90 ℃ of 34.88kg water and makes solution; Then PVA solution is added in the corn dextrin by liquid absorbing pump, in the 100r/min stirrer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add 0.1kg Dyhard RU 100 powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid copper powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid zinc powder, 35kg perlite powder, high-speed stirring is made coating liquid and is changed over to during the liquid storage that links to each other with pneumatic pump irritates after 10 minutes again.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Coating liquid sprayed the fertilizer surface by pneumatic pump every 3 minutes, spray time 20 minutes, and coating thickness weight is 5% of coated fertilizer weight percent, cooling packing.
Embodiment 3:
The 10kg W-Gum is added 10kg water, gelatinization 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions in the reactor of 10r/min agitator; The 15kg PVAC polyvinylalcohol that with molecular weight is 1300-1800 simultaneously drops in another reactor, adds the dissolving under 90 ℃ of 39.88kg water and makes solution; Then PVA solution is added in the corn dextrin by liquid absorbing pump, in the 100r/min stirrer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add 0.1kg Dyhard RU 100 powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid copper powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid zinc powder, 25kg perlite powder, high-speed stirring is made coating liquid and is changed over to during the liquid storage that links to each other with pneumatic pump irritates after 10 minutes again.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Coating liquid sprayed the fertilizer surface by pneumatic pump every 3 minutes, spray time 20 minutes, and coating thickness weight is 8% of coated fertilizer weight percent, cooling packing.
Embodiment 4:
The 15kg W-Gum is added 15kg water, gelatinization 30 minutes under 90 ℃ of conditions in the reactor of 10r/min agitator; The 15kg PVAC polyvinylalcohol that with molecular weight is 1300-1800 simultaneously drops in another reactor, adds the dissolving under 90 ℃ of 24.88kg water and makes solution; Then PVA solution is added in the corn dextrin by liquid absorbing pump, in the 100r/min stirrer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add 0.1kg Dyhard RU 100 powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid copper powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid zinc powder, 30kg perlite powder, high-speed stirring is made coating liquid and is changed over to during the liquid storage that links to each other with pneumatic pump irritates after 10 minutes again.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Coating liquid sprayed the fertilizer surface by pneumatic pump every 3 minutes, spray time 20 minutes, and coating thickness weight is coated fertilizer weight percent 5%, cooling packing.
Embodiment 5:
The 12kg W-Gum is added 12kg water, gelatinization 30 minutes under 87 ℃ of conditions in the reactor of 10r/min agitator; The 8kg PVAC polyvinylalcohol that with molecular weight is 1300-1800 simultaneously drops in another reactor, adds the dissolving under 90 ℃ of 37.88kg water and makes solution; Then PVA solution is added in the corn dextrin by liquid absorbing pump, in the 100r/min stirrer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add 0.1kg Dyhard RU 100 powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid copper powder, 0.01kg sulfuric acid zinc powder, 30kg perlite powder, high-speed stirring is made coating liquid and is changed over to during the liquid storage that links to each other with pneumatic pump irritates after 10 minutes again.The plain particles compound manure is utilized the bolting classification, and the particle of same granularity is produced for one time; 100kg plain particles fertilizer after the screening is packed into and had the granulating disc of heating function, scrape fertilizer surface 10 minutes of preheating under 60 ℃ of conditions, rotation; Coating liquid sprayed the fertilizer surface by pneumatic pump every 3 minutes, spray time 20 minutes, and coating thickness weight is 5% of coated fertilizer weight percent, cooling packing.
Result of use: maize planting on Dongling, Shenyang brown earth and Changtu, Tieling meadow soil, two kinds of soil are medium fertility.Verify the effect of coated release-controlled corn fertilizer with potted plant and field test method, plant a season after soil still have fertilizer residual.Waiting under nutrient and the equal proportion condition, adopting coating and non-coating to handle.The npk nutrient ratio is 18: 8: 12, and it is 8 kilograms/mu that rate of fertilizer application is located fertilizer test optimum fertilizing amount nitrogen for a long time by brown earth, is 7.2 kilograms of N/ mus after subtracting 10%.Adopt single-dose application to exempt to topdress, compare with the conventional composite fertilizer of equal proportion and equivalent, use and all do not occur taking off fertilizer during the plant growth of coat fertilizer or late growing stage is crossed prosperous phenomenon, plant strain growth is good.And tangible nutrient supply deficiency is arranged before taking out hero to impinging upon, and plant is shorter, and the leaf look yellow.It is serious to take off fertilizer to the ripening stage, and middle and lower part blade yellow reddens, and typical nitrogen stress symptom occurs, and output obviously reduces.The brown earth corn is used the processing of 5% coating and coated compound fertilizer and is compared respectively according to volume increase 8.01%～12.58%.The effect of increasing production that meadow soil is used 5% coat fertilizer is more obvious, and amount of increase in production reaches 18.74%～44.17%.Film fertilizer soluble test.Reduce fertilizer amount 30% than conventional fertilizer application, the brown earth corn yield reaches 674.98～714.84 kilograms/mu, and the meadow soil corn reaches 621 kilograms/mu, reaches and surpasses conventional fertilizer application output.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of preparation method of coated release-controlled compound manure, it comprises the synthetic and compound fertilizer integument of coating liquid, it is characterized in that:
10-15% gets conventional corn starch by the coating liquid weight percent, and the water of weight percents such as adding and W-Gum, and gelatinization under 85 ℃～90 ℃ agitation conditions was stirred 30 minutes, became dextrin; The molecular weight of getting weight percent 5-15% again is the PVAC polyvinylalcohol of 1300-1800, and the water that adds weight percent 24.88-39.88% again dissolves down at 90 ℃ makes solution; PVAC polyvinylalcohol solution is added in the corn dextrin, in homogenizer, stirred 30 minutes, after the cooling, add the Dyhard RU 100 powder of weight percent 0.1%, the sulfuric acid copper powder of weight percent 0.01%, the sulfuric acid zinc powder of weight percent 0.01% and the perlite powder of weight percent 25-35% successively, high-speed stirring changes the liquid storage filling over to after 10 minutes again; Coating liquid is sprayed at the granulated fertilizer surface, and coating thickness weight is the 5-10% of coated fertilizer weight percent.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100210792A CN1234658C (en) | 2004-01-18 | 2004-01-18 | Method for preparation of coated release-controlled compound fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100210792A CN1234658C (en) | 2004-01-18 | 2004-01-18 | Method for preparation of coated release-controlled compound fertilizer |
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| CN1557791A CN1557791A (en) | 2004-12-29 |
| CN1234658C true CN1234658C (en) | 2006-01-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103664376A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 陈汇梁 | Preparation method of coated controlled-release compound fertilizer |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1836144A1 (en) * | 2005-01-14 | 2007-09-26 | Holland Novochem B.V. | Process for manufacturing free-flowing granulate particles of a plant auxiliary agent |
| CN100465136C (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2009-03-04 | 沈阳农业大学 | Film coated control release composite fertilizer special for regetables and its making method |
| CN101045656B (en) * | 2007-05-08 | 2010-10-06 | 沈阳农业大学 | Degradable fertilizer coating liquid and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN101993290B (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2012-02-29 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Ornamental flower fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638347B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2012-02-22 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Fertilizer special for peanuts and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638346B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2012-02-22 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Fertilizer special for soybeans and preparation method thereof |
| CN101638342B (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2012-02-22 | 抚顺矿业集团有限责任公司 | Fertilizer special for celery cabbages and preparation method thereof |
| CN102838396A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2012-12-26 | 汉枫缓释肥料(江苏)有限公司 | Trace element wrapped fertilizer preparation method |
| CN108887115A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-27 | 界首市龙源种植专业合作社 | A kind of Radix Codonopsis implantation methods |
-
2004
- 2004-01-18 CN CNB2004100210792A patent/CN1234658C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103664376A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 陈汇梁 | Preparation method of coated controlled-release compound fertilizer |
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| CN1557791A (en) | 2004-12-29 |
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