CN1483116A - 螺纹传动机构 - Google Patents

螺纹传动机构 Download PDF

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CN1483116A
CN1483116A CNA018214304A CN01821430A CN1483116A CN 1483116 A CN1483116 A CN 1483116A CN A018214304 A CNA018214304 A CN A018214304A CN 01821430 A CN01821430 A CN 01821430A CN 1483116 A CN1483116 A CN 1483116A
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screw rod
rolling element
thread transmission
stop component
chocking construction
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CN1246613C (zh
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��ɪ����ʩ�ͺ�
冈瑟·菲施巴赫
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Mannesmann Plastics Machinery GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/22Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
    • F16H25/2204Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with balls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/64Mould opening, closing or clamping devices
    • B29C45/66Mould opening, closing or clamping devices mechanical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/64Mould opening, closing or clamping devices
    • B29C45/68Mould opening, closing or clamping devices hydro-mechanical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H25/00Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • F16H25/2454Brakes; Rotational locks
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/64Mould opening, closing or clamping devices
    • B29C45/66Mould opening, closing or clamping devices mechanical
    • B29C2045/665Mould opening, closing or clamping devices mechanical using a screw or screws having differently threaded parts arranged in series
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/18Mechanical movements
    • Y10T74/18568Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary
    • Y10T74/18576Reciprocating or oscillating to or from alternating rotary including screw and nut
    • Y10T74/18704Means to selectively lock or retard screw or nut
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19Gearing
    • Y10T74/19642Directly cooperating gears
    • Y10T74/19698Spiral
    • Y10T74/19702Screw and nut
    • Y10T74/19744Rolling element engaging thread

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种螺纹传动机构,包括螺杆(1)、丝杠螺母(2)和滚动体。当所述螺纹传动机构受到很高的静负荷时,通过滚动体将作用力从螺杆(1)传递到丝杠螺母(2)。由于滚动体、丝杠螺母(2)和螺杆(1)之间的接触面非常小,故只能传递较小的作用力。为了以简单的结构措施使螺纹传动机构适用于高的静负荷,滚动体滚道(4)之间的螺杆(1)表面设有止动结构,所述止动结构可以与止动部件(7,8)的互补止动结构形锁合地连接,所述止动部件可以基本垂直于螺杆(1)的轴线移动。

Description

螺纹传动机构
本发明涉及一种如权利要求1前序部分所述的螺纹传动机构。
这种形式的螺纹传动机构如滚珠螺纹传动机构适合于在负荷相对较小的情况下良好地执行快速调整运动。然而带有滚动体的螺纹传动机构不大适合于传递较高的静载荷,因为力传递是通过滚动体与滚动体滚道之间非常小的接触面实现的。
因此在采用滚珠螺纹传动机构的注塑机中存在着问题,即,尽管要快速地执行活动模具夹紧板打开及关闭运动的丝杠螺母很好地适于快速移动,但它在施加闭合力时只能艰难地、在高的磨损危险情况下承担相当大的负荷。
因此本发明的目的是,以简单的结构措施实现上述形式的螺纹传动机构,即便对于高的静负荷也能适用。
这个目的通过在权利要求1和11中所给出的装置而实现。从属权利要求给出本发明的其它有利结构和应用。
按照权利要求1,本发明建立在这样的认识上,即,存在于滚动体滚道之间的螺杆表面在较高负荷下用于螺杆的止动。据此可以实现这样一种功能分配,其中,一方面对于快速且相对较小的负荷可以由配有滚动体的螺纹传动机构执行要进行的调整运动,另一方面对于较高的静负荷可以通过止动部件承担,止动部件与螺杆表面上的止动结构形锁合地连接。
按照权利要求11,利用本来就存在于螺杆中的滚动体滚道作为止动结构,止动部件可以形锁合地嵌入到该止动结构中。
下面通过实施例详细描述本发明。附图中:
图1为按照本发明的螺纹传动机构的简化局部视图的剖面图,
图2为一个注塑机的两板式闭合单元侧视图。
图1示出一个包括螺杆1、丝杠螺母2和滚珠3形式的滚动体的螺纹传动机构的局部视图。螺杆1和丝杠螺母2分别具有滚动体滚道4,它们可以是单头或多头的。
位于滚动体滚道4之间的螺杆1表面配有平行的环槽5形式的止动结构。两个止动部件7和8的互补止动结构或说是凸起6与上述止动结构或说是环槽5处于啮合。止动部件7和8可以借助调整装置(未示出)垂直于螺杆1轴线移动。
如图所示,通过止动部件7和8的共同移动产生一个与螺杆1的形锁合连接,由此实现对丝杠螺母2的固定止挡,而可以承担最大的负荷,例如注塑机的闭合压力负荷。螺纹传动机构的滚动体装置尽可能保持不触及这个静负荷,从而该装置能够以特别适合的方式仅仅用于执行较快的调整运动,而不会由于过大的静负荷受到损害。
在一方面执行快速调整运动与另一方面承受较大静负荷之间的功能分配的优点在下面图2所示的注塑机中可清楚地得知。
图2示出一个注塑机的两板式闭合单元侧视图。在机座10上支承着一个固定的模具夹紧板11和一个活动的模具夹紧板12。模具夹紧板11、12通过四个柱体13相互连接,其中在附图中只能看见两个柱体。柱体13在穿过活动模具夹紧板12的一端为螺杆结构并对应于图1所示的螺杆1。
在突出于活动模具夹紧板12的螺杆1端部装有丝杠螺母2,它们可以经由一带齿皮带14通过一固定在活动模具夹紧板12上的电机15带动旋转。在丝杠螺母2与活动模具夹紧板12之间配有止动部件7和8,如图2下部所示,它们在往一起移动的状态下形锁合地与螺杆1连接,并构成对活动模具夹紧板12的固定的轴向止挡。
在相互驶离状态(图2上部所示)下止动部件7和8不与螺杆1啮合,从而在丝杠螺母2转动时带有模具半体16的活动模具夹紧板12可以以快速档移向固定模具夹紧板11的模具半体17,直至活动模具夹紧板到达以虚线表示的模具闭合位置。
接着止动部件7和8与螺杆1锁止,由此对活动模具夹紧板12实现固定的止挡,并可以建立起所需的闭合压力。闭合压力的建立通过液压管道19对活塞18液压地加载而实现。
嵌入到做成螺杆1的柱体13端部的平行环槽5中的止动部件7和8最好直接设置在活动模具夹紧板12的后面,由此在锁止状态以及在闭合加载时丝杠螺母2完全卸载。一般由滚珠构成的螺纹传动机构滚动体在此尽可能不承受负荷。
原则上也存在这种可能性,即,止动部件设置在丝杠螺母2背离活动模具夹紧板12的一端。在此,滚珠丝杠传动机构也可以卸掉闭合压力负荷,因为闭合压力仅仅经丝杠螺母体由活动模具夹紧板传递到与螺杆1锁止的止动部件7和8上。在此滚珠基本不承受负荷。
图2所示的注塑机两板式闭合单元实施形式仅表示一种可能的应用示例。具有止动部件的滚珠丝杠传动机构原则上也可以设置在固定模具夹紧板的背面。
本发明也不局限于两板式闭合单元的应用。因此本发明也可以用于三板式闭合单元,其中活动模具夹紧板在一固定在机座上的模具夹紧板与一支承板之间移动。在此,按照本发明的具有止动部件的螺纹传动机构可以在固定模具夹紧板或支承板的背面设于伸出的柱体端部。
在本发明的一个可选择实施形式中,螺杆的滚动体滚道用作止动结构,互补的止动部件可以形锁合地嵌入到该止动结构中。因此,在锁止状态以及在较高静负荷情况下例如注塑机的闭合压力负荷下止动部件和螺杆抗扭转地固定时,在滚珠丝杠传动机构卸载时实现一个可承受大负荷的支承。
                      附图标记表
1  螺杆         2  丝杠螺母     3  滚珠      4 滚动体滚道
5  平行的环槽   6  凸起         7  止动部件  8 止动部件
9  -            10 机架
11 固定的模具夹紧板             12 活动的模具夹紧板
13 柱体         14 带齿皮带     15 电机      16 模具半体
17 模具半体     18 活塞         19 液压管道

Claims (12)

1.螺纹传动机构,包括螺杆、丝杠螺母和滚动体,所述滚动体嵌合在螺杆和丝杠螺母的滚动体滚道中,其特征在于,位于所述滚动体滚道(4)之间的螺杆(1)表面具有止动结构,所述止动结构可以与止动部件(7,8)的互补止动结构形锁合地连接,所述止动部件可以基本垂直于螺杆(1)的轴线移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述止动部件(7,8)轴向支承在丝杠螺母(2)上。
3.如权利要求1所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述止动部件(7,8)轴向支承在被螺杆(1)穿过的、由螺纹传动机构移动的部件的顶靠面上。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述螺杆(1)和丝杠螺母(2)具有两头或多头的滚动体滚道(4)。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述滚动体为滚珠(3)。
6.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述滚动体为滚子螺纹传动机构的螺纹滚子。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述螺杆的止动结构是平行的环槽(5),而所述止动部件(7,8)的互补止动结构是凸起(6)。
8.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,其特征在于,所述螺杆(1)和止动部件(7,8)的止动结构是升程与滚动体滚道(4)升程相反的螺纹滚道。
9.注塑机,具有至少一个最好四个如上述权利要求1至8中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,其中螺杆(1)为柱体(13),所述柱体相互间抗拉地连接一个固定的和一个活动的模具夹紧板(11,12),而丝杠螺母(2)和止动部件(7,8)设置在模具夹紧板(11或12)的背面。
10.如权利要求9所述的注塑机,其特征在于,所述止动部件(7,8)是分开的止动夹板,它们在一个模具夹紧板(11或12)的后面可锁止地嵌入到做成螺杆(1)的柱体(13)截段上。
11.注塑机,具有一个包括一个固定模具夹紧板、一个活动模具夹紧板和一个端板的三板式闭合单元,其中在活动的模具夹紧板与端板之间设置至少一个最好两个如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的螺纹传动机构,并且螺杆(1)为压力柱体,而丝杠螺母(2)和止动部件设置在端板上。
12.螺纹传动机构,包括螺杆(1)、丝杠螺母(2)和滚动体,所述滚动体嵌合在螺杆(1)和丝杠螺母(2)的滚动体滚道(4)中,其特征在于,配有至少两个止动部件(7,8),所述止动部件可以垂直于螺杆(1)的轴线移动并具有止动结构,所述止动结构互补地对应于滚动体滚道(4),其中,螺杆(1)和止动部件(7,8)在止动位置均抗扭转地固定。
CNB018214304A 2000-12-29 2001-12-20 螺纹传动机构以及设有该机构的注塑机 Expired - Fee Related CN1246613C (zh)

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US6875006B2 (en) 2005-04-05
DE50104854D1 (de) 2005-01-20
DE10065291C1 (de) 2002-08-14
EP1348083B1 (de) 2004-12-15
WO2002053950A1 (de) 2002-07-11
CN1246613C (zh) 2006-03-22
JP2004527696A (ja) 2004-09-09
EP1348083A1 (de) 2003-10-01
CA2432412A1 (en) 2002-07-11
ATE285044T1 (de) 2005-01-15

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