CN1480500A - 固定衬里 - Google Patents

固定衬里 Download PDF

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CN1480500A
CN1480500A CNA031363490A CN03136349A CN1480500A CN 1480500 A CN1480500 A CN 1480500A CN A031363490 A CNA031363490 A CN A031363490A CN 03136349 A CN03136349 A CN 03136349A CN 1480500 A CN1480500 A CN 1480500A
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M·卡贝尔
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P·格里诺伊斯
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S·克雷姆泽尔
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种固定衬里，由单面涂有双层表面微观突起点的纺织衬带组成，表面微观突起点由朝向衬带的下点和设置在下点上面的上点组成，其中下点由这样一种结合剂膏制成，它包含：50至95％重量百分比的Tg＜室温的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂和5至50％重量百分比的具有500至4000mVal/kg的环氧当量重量的环氧树脂；或者包含：50至95％重量百分比的Tg＜室温的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂，以及5至50％的由丙烯酸酯和带有缩水甘油基侧基的单体组成的共聚物，以及，0至20％重量百分比的硬化剂以及普通的用来制造膏的辅助和添加剂来作为下点，其中上点由共聚酰胺和/或共聚酯和/或垫塑性聚氨酯和/或聚烯烃组成，并且在下点和上点内包含的物质的重量比为1∶0.5至1∶5。

Description

固定衬里
技术领域
本发明涉及一种固定衬里，它由纺织衬带(例如无纺材料、织物、针织物)组成，衬带在一侧上涂覆双层的表面微观突起点/粘附质量点(Haftmassenpunkten)，这些突起点由朝向衬带的下点和设置在它上面的上点组成。
背景技术
由资料EP-A0940461已知一种用于平面构型件的涂覆和/或层压粘合的可交联的熔粘物质，其中在聚烯烃基体内加入交联组分，这种有反应能力的组分只有在熔液内才发生交联反应，规定每摩尔具有摩尔质量为2000至6000克的异氰酸酯或环氧化物为交联组分。这里固有的熔粘物质应该由氨基共聚酰胺或共聚酯组成，它们既用在下点也用在上点中。这种方案的缺点是，一方面交联组分首先必须麻烦地加入防湿的聚烯烃基体内，以及氨基共聚酰胺有很强的发黄的倾向。
资料DE-A19510316介绍了一种用来涂覆平面构型件特别是含有由热塑性熔粘剂和环氧化物组成的混合物的衬里材料的熔粘物质，其中环氧化物的成分为5至25％重量百分比。这种熔粘物质用作单点涂层，鉴于在衬里材料很薄时熔粘物质的渗透，它是有缺点的。
此外由资料US 5,677,038已知一种双层的熔粘物质，其下点由涂上的膏状共聚酰胺或共聚酯组成，其上点由含0至25％重量百分比的共聚酰胺、50至95％重量百分比的共聚酯和5至25％重量百分比的环氧化物的混合物组成。用这种熔粘系统结合的纺织材料的分离力的数值低于10N/5cm，它在一次洗涤后还会减小。除所述资料外还由资料DE-A2214236、DE-A2231723、DE-A2536911和DE-A3230579已知其它的双层表面微观突起。通过采用比较轻的无纺布材料，亦即具有小的面重量的无纺布材料，虽然可得到非常柔软的层压材料，然而无纺布材料有这样的缺点，即它在熔粘物质的反向铆接(Riickvernietung)方面非常敏感。这里反向铆接理解为两层衬里材料之间不希望的粘接，如果涂抹有表面微观突起点的衬带—下面称为固定衬里，以内三明治-固定方法与上面的材料结合，便可能出现这种情况。这里内三明治由面料、涂覆的衬带以及涂覆的衬带和上面的材料的层序组成，亦即衬带的未涂覆的一侧相互贴合。虽然涂覆在每平方米衬带上的涂覆量从以前的18-25g/m2减少到7-15g/m2，但是从纺织层压物的柔软性角度来看它还应该进一步减少。在对层压物的附着性和耐用度提出高的要求的同时对手感给予更多的重视。特别是在纺织层压物的保养性能方面存在这样的要求，即层压物在高达60℃的洗涤温度的情况下也能经受多次洗涤。
虽然由资料DE10027957已知用于涂覆衬里材料的双点系统，它通过在下点内采用环氧树脂在减小渗透倾向的情况下显示出更好的附着性。但是这里的缺点是，由于在下点中采用部分结晶的热塑性塑料加上环氧树脂，衬里的手感受到不利的影响。也就是说手感比较硬。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种固定衬里，它在具有很小的反向铆接的同时具有提高的附着力和分离力。
按照本发明这个目的通过这样一种固定衬里来实现，它由一种纺织衬带组成，此衬带在一侧上涂抹由朝向衬带的下点和设置在它上面的上点组成的双层表面微观突起点，其中下点既可以由一种膏状结合剂组成，它作为下点包含50至95％重量百分比的Tg(玻璃化温度)＜室温的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂和5至50％重量百分比的环氧当量重量为500至4000mVal/kg的环氧树脂或者50至95％重量百分比的Tg＜室温的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂和5至50％重量百分比的由丙烯酸酯和带有缩水甘油基侧基的单体组成的共聚合物及0至20％重量百分比的硬化剂以及普通的用来制造膏体的辅助剂和添加剂，其中上点由共聚酰胺和/或共聚酯和/或热塑性聚氨酯和/或聚烯烃组成，在下点和上点内包含的物质的重量比为1∶0.5至1∶5。用按本发明的固定衬里得到这样的分离力值，即衬里即使在在60℃的温度下多次洗涤后它仍然很好。令人惊讶的是，尽管在表面微观突起(下点)中采用具有玻璃化转变温度Tg＞60℃的组分-它通常由于其对手感的不利(硬化)影响不考虑用在衬里区域内，所以对按本发明的固定衬里的触觉性能(手感)没有影响。
粉末环氧化物在室温时是固态环氧树脂，它是环氧氯丙烷和双酚A和/或环氧氯丙烷和双酚F的反应产物。此外可以采用有聚合功能的环氧化物作为环氧树脂。例如环氧化的酚醛清漆属于此列。
所采用的聚酰胺、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃和/或带有羰基、酸酐、羟基和/或氨基侧基的乙烯基共聚物是低熔点的热塑性聚合物。其次可以采用由低熔点的聚酰胺、聚酯、聚氨酯、聚烯烃和/或带羰基、酸酐、羟基和/或氨基侧基的乙烯基共聚物组成的聚合物共混物。其中聚合物由线性或分支的单体构成。
聚酰胺可以由一种或几种以下单体构成：-至少一种至少是官能的碳酸(Carbonsaeure)，-至少一种至少是双官能的胺，-至少一种ω-氨基碳酸，-至少一种内酰胺，聚酯的制造由一种或多种以下单体进行：-至少一种至少是双官能的碳酸，-至少一种至少是双官能的醇，-至少一种ω-羟基碳酸，-至少一种内酯。
聚氨酯可以由二异氰酸酯，多元醇和二醇合成。
作为硬化剂采用在室温时同样是固体的由环氧树脂和聚胺组成的预加合物，该预加合物是由基于双酚A的环氧树脂和聚酰胺的反应产物和/或基于双酚F的环氧树脂和聚酰胺的反应产物制成。此外也可以采用由环氧树脂和由聚酰胺和二聚脂肪酸形成的聚氨基酰胺的预加合物。
固定衬里最好是这样一种，其中用于下点的粉末状原料筛分后确定的平均直径小于100μm。这里原料的细颗粒性既在下点内部也在与上点的交界处有利于下点的反应性和交联。
其次固定衬里最好是这样一种，其中用于上点的粉末状原料筛分后确定的平均直径为50至250μm。按照本发明的上点材料的粒度有利于用上点熔合和覆盖下点。
按本发明的固定衬里用这样的方法得到，即为了形成下点，由50至95％重量百分比的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂、5至50％的环氧树脂或者由50至95％重量百分比的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂，5至50％重量百分比的由丙烯酸酯和带有缩水甘油基侧基的单体组成的共聚合物以及解胶剂(Dispergatoren)、加工助剂和增稠剂制成膏，并涂抹在衬带上空间分开的部位处，膏在潮湿状态以相对于下点的干燥质量50至500％重量百分比的共聚酰胺和/或共聚酯和/或热塑性聚氨酯和/或聚烯烃散布，去除多余的散布粉末，并将这样得到的带有双层表面微观突起点的固定衬里在110至200℃的温度下干燥，并通过聚合物材料与衬带的烧结使得可以操作和运输。
采用具有在70至130℃，尤其是90-110℃范围内的软化点和500至4000mVal/kg环氧当量的环氧树脂。
采用由环氧树脂和二亚乙基三胺(1∶2)组成的预加合物或一种氨基硬化剂作为硬化剂。
附图描述
借助于附图和两个例子对本发明作较详细的说明。
图1表示一按本发明的固定衬里，其中在一最好由无纺布材料制成的衬带1上有一些下点2，下点用上点3涂盖，并通过在120-180℃的温度下的烧结过程既在其本身内也在与上点3的交界处4交联。
具体实施例
例1
在一搅拌釜内将由聚丙烯酸酯—结合剂分散剂和粒度＜50μm的环氧化物以固体重量比为70∶30组成的混合物按普通方法与水和由解胶剂、加工助剂及增稠剂组成的膏底搅拌成膏。将这种膏作为下点膏在一具有CP52丝网的丝网印刷机(Schablonendruck)内按涂覆量为5g/m2单面印制在一25g的聚酰胺/聚酯(PA/PES)无纺布材料上。在还是潮湿的膏点2上以7g/m2的涂覆量散布粒度为80-200μm的聚酰胺作为上点3，吸掉多余的量，接着在Mathis-炉内在180℃的温度下干燥30秒钟并烧结在上面。总的涂覆量为12g/m2。这样制成的无纺布材料衬里固定在上等细布上。
由面料和按本发明制成的衬里组成的层压物具有比可比较的面料—衬里—层压物更软的手感。
    固定温度              初始附着力           反向铆接
    120℃                  8.0N/5cm            0.2N/10cm
    140℃                  9.0N/5cm            0.2N/10cm
无纺布材料衬里在分离力试验中撕裂。
例2
在一搅拌釜内将由聚丙烯酯—结合剂分散剂和粒度＜30μm的丙烯酸酯—丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物分散剂以固体重量比70∶30组成的混合物与普通方法用水和由解胶剂、加工助剂和增稠剂组成的膏底搅拌成膏。将此膏作为下点膏在带一CP52丝网的丝网印刷机上以6g/m2的涂覆量单面印制在一35g聚酰胺/聚酯(PA/PES)无纺布材料上。在还是潮湿的膏点2上以8g/m2的涂覆量散布粒度为80-200μm的聚酰胺作为上点3，吸掉多余的量，接着在一Mathis—炉内在180℃的温度下干燥30秒钟，并烧结在上面。得到的总涂覆量为14g/m2。将这样制成的无纺布材料衬里固定在上等细布上。由面料和按本发明制成的衬里组成的层压物显示出比可比较的面料—衬里—层压物柔软的手感。
    固定温度          初始附着力            反向铆接
    120℃              10N/5cm              0N/10cm
    140℃              11.5N/5cm            0N/10cm
无纺布材料衬里在分离力试验中撕裂。

Claims (4)

1.固定衬里，由单面涂有双层表面微观突起点的纺织衬带(1)组成，表面微观突起点由朝向衬带的下点和设置在下点上面的上点(2，3)组成，其特征为：下点(2)由这样一种结合剂膏制成，它包含：
50至95％重量百分比的Tg＜室温的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂和5至50％重量百分比的具有500至4000mVal/kg的环氧当量重量的环氧树脂；
或者包含：50至95％重量百分比的Tg＜室温的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂以及，5至50％的由丙烯酸酯和带有缩水甘油基侧基的单体组成的共聚物，
以及，
0至20％重量百分比的硬化剂以及普通的用来制造膏的辅助和添加剂来作为下点(2)，其中上点(3)由共聚酰胺和/或共聚酯和/或垫塑性聚氨酯和/或聚烯烃组成，并且
在下点和上点(2，3)内包含的物质的重量比为1∶0.5至1∶5。
2.按权利要求1所述的固定衬里，其特征为：用于下点(2)的原料的平均直径小于100μm。
3.按权利要求1所述的固定衬里，其特征为：用于上点(3)的粉末状原料筛分后确定的平均直径为50至250μm。
4.用来制造按权利要求1至3之任一项所述的固定衬里的方法，其特征为：为了形成下点(2)由50至95％重量百分比的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂，5至50％的环氧树脂或者由50至95％重量百分比的丙烯酸酯结合剂—分散剂，5至50％的由丙烯酸酯和带有缩水甘油基侧基的单体组成的共聚物，以及
解胶剂、加工助剂和增稠剂制造成膏，并涂抹在衬带(1)上各空间上分开的部位上，在膏潮湿状态下散布以相对于下点(2)的干燥质量为50至500％重量百分比的共聚酰胺和/或共聚酯和/或热塑性聚氨酯和/或聚烯烃，并且去除多余的散布粉末，并将这样得到的带有双层表面微观突起点的固定衬里在110至200℃的温度中干燥，并通过聚合物材料与衬带(1)的烧结使之变得可以操作和运输。
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