CN1473489A - Oral administration immunity enhancing agent for Daling left-eyed founder and preparing method - Google Patents
Oral administration immunity enhancing agent for Daling left-eyed founder and preparing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1473489A CN1473489A CNA031388272A CN03138827A CN1473489A CN 1473489 A CN1473489 A CN 1473489A CN A031388272 A CNA031388272 A CN A031388272A CN 03138827 A CN03138827 A CN 03138827A CN 1473489 A CN1473489 A CN 1473489A
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Abstract
The orally taken immunity enhancing agent for Daling left-eyed flounder contains vitamin E in 80-300 mg/kg, sodium nitrite in 3-6.67 mg/kg and chitinamine in 0.1-1 g/kg. The compounding process includes mixing base material; adding vitamin E, sodium nitrite and chitinamine; adding fish oil in 60 g/kg via mixing, adding sodium alginate as adhesive in 2 % and pelletizing. It can raise the immunity and disease resistance of Daling left-eyed flounder and the test proves its functions of raising growth speed and survival rate. The present invention is suitable for large scale culture of Daling left-eyed flounder.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the preparation technique of seawater fish additive for fodder, is a kind of immunopotentiator compound method that improves the turbot premunition.
Background technology:
Growing along with fish production, the continuous reinforcement of intensification degree, its cultivation density is also increasing.Because high-density breeding will influence the healthy development of culturing object inevitably, and its probability that catches is increased greatly, cause culturing disease and frequently take place, and cause mortality, give to culture to produce and bring massive losses.Chemotherapy is present topmost disease prevention and cure method, but owing to chemicalses such as antibiotic in producing generally use or improper use, antibiotic antibody-resistant bacterium is constantly increased, animal cell immunity, humoral immune function descend the residual health and safety that threaten human body of medicine in aquatic products.Therefore many in recent years scholars combine the research in the nutrition of aquatic animal and two fields of immunology, the research nutriment is to the influence of aquatic animal immunity, premunition, in the hope of by the nutriment in the feed with add immunopotentiator and improve immunity and the resistance against diseases of animal, realize anti-formerly, control after the healthy aquaculture target.
Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) originates in Europe, introduction China in 1992.The industrial aquaculture turbot has become the important industry of China's sea-farming at present.The prevention of China's turbot disease mainly contains chemoprophylaxis and ecological prevention, and the former exists such as problems such as drug resistance, medicament residue, environmental pollutions, and the latter often is difficult to produce a desired effect under intensification degree conditions of higher.Use immunopotentiator and can improve fish body nonspecific defense mechanism, rather than specific immune response, thereby the premunition of enhancing fish body.All not having negative effect for consumer and environment, is effective prevention from suffering from the diseases mode.
Existing immunopotentiator mainly is bacterium and bacterial peptide, levamisol, chitin, polysaccharide and some trace nutrients and the hormone etc. of deactivation.The approach of effect is mainly immersion, injection and oral.Villamil etc. (Spain oceanographic survey research institute, 2003) inject a kind of antibacterial peptide nisin, and Santarem etc. (Spain oceanographic survey research institute, 1997) injection beta glucan finds to improve the premunition of turbot.Mostly the injecting immune reinforcing agent is to utilize its adjuvant as vaccine, and complicated operating process is damaged the fish body easily, produced stress reaction.Do not see and utilize nutrient and immune substance to match, as the report of turbot feed addictive.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is by adjusting the suitable proportioning of nutrient and several immune additives, make and have the additive that improves the turbot non-specific immunity, thereby reduce antibiotic use, guarantee feed and aquatic products safety and health, for the prevention from suffering from the diseases of turbot provides new approach.
The present invention finishes according to following method of operating:
The batching kind of oral immunity enhancing agent: vitamin E, sodium selenite and crust amine
The suitable consumption of oral immunity enhancing agent: vitamin E is 80～300mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 3～6.67mg/kg, and crust amine is 0.1～1g/kg
In the feed process for preparation, at first to note the base-material main formula of turbot mixed feed, should nutrient balance, forage compounding rationally reaches feedstuff high-quality, stable, can satisfy the nutritional need of turbot.Main formula is fish meal 40%, dregs of beans 20%, peanut meal 10%, inferior powder 20%, yeast 5%, choline 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, vitamin premix (not containing VE) 1%, mineral substance premix (not containing selenium) 1%.After various raw materials are pressed the abundant mixing of consumption, add VE80～300mg/kg, sodium selenite is 3～6.67mg/kg, crust amine 0.1～1g/kg, mixing once more, the coefficient of variation≤10% adds the fish oil of 60g/kg again, fully mixing is made adhesive with 2% sodium alginate, the turbot of feeding after the granulation.
The technology of the present invention and prior art contrast have following characteristics:
1. the use of oral immunity enhancing agent can reduce antibiotic application, has both improved the nonspecific defense mechanism of fish, has alleviated the pollution to environment again.Micronutrient is matched with immune additive, have more long-term immune effect, be not easy to occur immunity " fatigue " phenomenon than the immune additive of independent use.
2. the oral immunity enhancing agent with preparation is applied in the mixed feed, and the immunity and the premunition of turbot all increase, and the speed of growth improves 25% than control group, and survival rate improves 30%.
Embodiment:
Be described in detail the compound method of turbot oral immunity enhancing agent below by embodiment.
The best process for preparation of implementing prescription:
At first compatibility and the consumption to different immunopotentiators screens, by comparing the result of nospecific immunity index, growth rate, survival rate and infection experiment, carry out Comprehensive Assessment, think that VE300mg/kg, sodium selenite 6.67mg/kg and crust amine 1g/kg match, secondly best results is VE 80mg/kg, sodium selenite 6.67mg/kg and crust amine 0.5g/kg.
In order to guarantee the effect of immunopotentiator, must guarantee feed base-material reasonable mixture ratio and feedstuff high-quality, stable, feeds utilized fresh, do not have go mouldy, caking, insect pest etc., fish meal is a high-quality fish meal, fish oil does not have and becomes sour and oxidisation odour.All feedstuffs 95% are by 0.25mm hole testing sieve.In the feed process for preparation, various raw materials carry out weighing in following ratio, fish meal 40%, peanut meal 10%, dregs of beans 20%, inferior powder 20%, yeast 5%, choline 0.5%, lecithin 0.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, vitamin premix 1% (not containing VE), mineral substance premix 1% (not containing selenium), abundant mixing, add VE300mg/kg, sodium selenite 6.67mg/kg and crust amine 1g/kg, mixing once more, the coefficient of variation≤10%, the fish oil that adds 60g/kg again, abundant mixing, sodium alginate with 2% is made adhesive, the turbot of feeding after the granulation.
It is as follows to finish above-mentioned process for preparation concrete operations:
1, the screening of oral immunity enhancing agent prescription:
The immunopotentiator of 6 kinds of different formulations is adopted in this test, used mixed feed base-material is identical, has carried out 3 months feeding trial, measures every 30 days the nospecific immunity indexs to turbot, rate of body weight gain, survival rate indexs, throw something and feed after the off-test, carry out the bacterial infection experiment.
6 kinds of test group prescriptions of immunopotentiator:
Prescription 1: vitamin E is 80mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 3.0mg/kg, and crust amine is 0.5g/kg
Prescription 2: vitamin E is 80mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 3.0mg/kg, and crust amine is 1.0g/kg
Prescription 3: vitamin E is 300mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 3.0mg/kg, and crust amine is 1g/kg
Prescription 4: vitamin E is 80mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 6.67mg/kg, and crust amine is 0.5g/kg
Prescription 5: vitamin E is 300mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 3.0mg/kg, and crust amine is 0.5g/kg
Prescription 6: vitamin E is 300mg/kg, and sodium selenite is 6.67mg/kg, and crust amine is 1g/kg
(1), to the nospecific immunity index determining of turbot
Can find out the turbot feed that from table 1 adding immunopotentiator compares the serum lysozyme activity with control group (not adding immunopotentiator) and be improved, in preceding 2 months As time goes on, the serum lysozyme activity of adding the immunopotentiator group has the trend of increase, but the lysozyme activity to three month the 2nd group, the 3rd group and the 5th group has downward trend, so-called " fatigue " phenomenon occurs.From the blood leucocyte sum, add the immunopotentiator group and compare with control group and be improved, and As time goes on total white blood cells there is the trend of increase.Test group leukocytes phagocytic rate is improved, in preceding 2 months As time goes on, the leukocytes phagocytic rate of adding the immunopotentiator group has the trend of increase, but the experimental group leukocytes phagocytic rate of adding immunopotentiator by three month is on a declining curve mostly, " fatigue " phenomenon appears, the result that this and other fingerling obtains has similarity, has only the 6th group of trend that continues to keep growth.Add immunopotentiator in the duration of test turbot feed, its SC activity is compared with control group and is improved, in preceding 2 months As time goes on, add the active obviously increase of immunopotentiator group SC, other experimental group SC activity was significantly increased except that the 3rd group in 3rd month.
Table 1 oral immunity enhancing agent is to the influence of turbot immune indexes
(2), to turbot rate of body weight gain and survival rate index determining
Duration of test turbot rate of body weight gain and survival rate are as shown in table 2, and experimental group increment rate obviously is better than control group, illustrate that weightening finish has facilitation to used immunopotentiator equally to turbot.It may be due to temperature reduces that test later stage rate of body weight gain reduces.The turbot survival rate of duration of test test group and control group is more similar, so use immunopotentiator that the turbot survival rate is had no adverse effects.
Table 2 immunopotentiator is to the influence of turbot rate of body weight gain and survival rate
| Group | Rate of body weight gain (%) | Survival rate (%) | ||||
| 30 days | 60 days | 90 days | 30 days | 60 days | 90 days | |
| ??1 | ???80.37 | ???35.32 | ????17.67 | ???100 | ??100 | ??100 |
| ??2 | ???69.16 | ???43.33 | ????22.00 | ???100 | ??100 | ??100 |
| ??3 | ???55.22 | ???24.06 | ????14.44 | ???100 | ??98 | ??100 |
| ??4 | ???69.11 | ???26.51 | ????13.63 | ???100 | ??98 | ??98 |
| ??5 | ???89.28 | ???45.52 | ????12.80 | ???100 | ??100 | ??100 |
| ??6 | ???83.61 | ???47.97 | ????13.64 | ???100 | ??100 | ??100 |
| Contrast | ???54.11 | ???25.32 | ????12.14 | ???100 | ??98 | ??98 |
(3), immunopotentiator is to the viewing test of opposing bacterial infection
Table 3 immunopotentiator is to the viewing test of opposing bacterial infection
Immunopotentiator shows (table 3) to the viewing test result of opposing bacterial infection, the turbot of immunopotentiator of not throwing something and feeding is all dead in bacterial injection 51.5 hours, and each group of the immunopotentiator of throwing something and feeding all demonstrates the phenomenon of postponing death, throw something and feed immunopotentiator the 4th and the 6th liang of group after infecting 87 hours, still have 17% survival rate.This shows that this immunopotentiator has better effects to the opposing bacterial infection.
In sum, the effect of test group 6 is best, its prescription consists of VE300mg/kg, sodium selenite 6.67mg/kg and crust amine 1g/kg and matches turbot serum lysozyme activity, SC activity, blood leucocyte sum, leukocytes phagocytic rate, rate of body weight gain are improved, also to turbot opposing bacterial infection, improve survival rate better effects arranged.2, the preparation of oral immunity enhancing agent and effect
In the base-material main material of turbot mixed feed, add 300mg/kgVE, sodium selenite 6.67mg/kg and 1g/kg crust amine, spread step by step, fully mix, the coefficient of variation≤10%, the fish oil that adds 60g/kg again, abundant mixing, sodium alginate with 2% is made adhesive, the turbot of feeding after the granulation.Be easy to act as tame plant in the Rongcheng and carry out application test, test turbot 4000 tails, about average weight 20g, cultivation density is 70～20 tails/m
2, to inflate flowing water and culture, a day quantity of exchanged water is 300%, duration of test DO＞6.0mg/L, pH=7.8～8.1, T=16～20 ℃.Bait throwing in every day 2 times is measured water temperature 2 times, inhales residual dirty 1 time.Through a culture-cycle, can make the rate of body weight gain of turbot improve 25%, survival rate improves 30%.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of turbot oral immunity enhancing agent, the batching kind that it is characterized in that it is made up of vitamin E, sodium selenite and crust amine, and its batching proportioning is: vitamin E is that 80-300mg/kg, sodium selenite are that 3-6.67mg/kg, crust amine are 0.1-1g/kg.
2, a kind of turbot oral immunity enhancing agent compound method, it is to be mixed by turbot mixed feed base-material and oral immunity enhancing agent, the compound method that it is characterized in that it be the base-material of mixed feed by the abundant mixing of consumption after, adding vitamin E 80-300mg/kg, sodium selenite are that 3-6.67g/kg, crust amine are 0.1-1g/kg, give mixing, the coefficient of variation≤10%; The fish oil that adds 60g/kg again, abundant once more mixing is done bonding agent with 2% sodium alginate, the turbot of feeding after the granulation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB031388272A CN1209038C (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2003-07-18 | Oral administration immunity enhancing agent for Daling left-eyed founder and preparing method |
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| CNB031388272A CN1209038C (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2003-07-18 | Oral administration immunity enhancing agent for Daling left-eyed founder and preparing method |
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| CN1209038C CN1209038C (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102090514A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-06-15 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Compound immunopotentiator for left-eye and right-eye flounders and preparation method thereof |
| CN101653576B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-05-30 | 大连水产学院 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine immune potentiator for turbot |
| CN104872449A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Immunoenhancer for improving prawn quality |
-
2003
- 2003-07-18 CN CNB031388272A patent/CN1209038C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101653576B (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2012-05-30 | 大连水产学院 | Compound Chinese herbal medicine immune potentiator for turbot |
| CN102090514A (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2011-06-15 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Compound immunopotentiator for left-eye and right-eye flounders and preparation method thereof |
| CN102090514B (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2012-11-21 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | Compound immunopotentiator for flounders and preparation method thereof |
| CN104872449A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Immunoenhancer for improving prawn quality |
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| CN1209038C (en) | 2005-07-06 |
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