CN102090514B - Compound immunopotentiator for flounders and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound immunopotentiator for flounders and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102090514B CN102090514B CN2010105530947A CN201010553094A CN102090514B CN 102090514 B CN102090514 B CN 102090514B CN 2010105530947 A CN2010105530947 A CN 2010105530947A CN 201010553094 A CN201010553094 A CN 201010553094A CN 102090514 B CN102090514 B CN 102090514B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound immunopotentiator for left-eye and right-eye flounders, which contains burdock oligosaccharide, chitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate, wherein every 100 parts of the compound immunopotentiator contains the following components in parts by weight: 25 to 35 parts of the burdock oligosaccharide, 20 to 30 parts of the chitosan, 15 to 25 parts of the chlorogenic acid, 5 to 15 parts of the vitamin C, 5 to 15 parts of the vitamin E and 2 to 8 parts of the sodium alginate. The compound immunopotentiator for left-eye and right-eye flounders has the advantages of good performance and only 0.1 to 1.0% of the addition amount, can prominently enhance the immunity and the disease resistance of the flounders and raise the survival rate and the growth rate, has higher immune effect than other immunopotentiators, overcomes the immunosuppression phenomenon represented after long-term use of a single product and can be used in a full period; in addition, the compound immunopotentiator for left-eye and right-eye flounders overcomes the harm to cultivated aquatic products and human body caused by chemical disinfectants and antibiotics in prior disease control techniques, and settles the problems of strong specificity and high cost in prior aquatic vaccines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite immune reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of aquatic products left-eyed flounder in raising with composite immune reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The breed of China's left-eyed flounder starts from the middle and later periods eighties 20th century, and left-eyed flounder such as lefteye flounder, turbot etc. are the main fingerlings of north China industrial aquaculture at present.The left-eyed flounder growth is fast, and meat is good, and economic worth is high.Along with left-eyed flounder aquaculture flourish in China, the particularly quick growth of industrial aquaculture scale, breeding environment constantly worsens, and the disease of thereupon bringing is on the rise, and has become the bottleneck of restriction left-eyed flounder aquaculture sustainable development.
The loss that brings in order to prevent and treat disease to give birth to frequently, people can only be widely used various sterilizations and germ killing drugs and aquatic products vaccine still but exist following shortcoming:
Along with people's is increasingly high to the safety requirements of aquatic products, and many chemical agents that are used to sterilize are disabled, and the antibiotic sterilization not only can make antibody-resistant bacterium increase, and drug effect reduces, but also can enrichment in the fish body, and the health of human body is produced harm;
The aquatic products vaccine specific is strong, can only have protection to render a service to a kind of germ disease, also the kind of existing vaccine very less, cost is higher, practical function is also very limited, can't satisfy the actual demand of aquaculture.
The research of immunologic mechanism is the basic and foundation of rationally, effectively preventing and treating all kinds of diseases.In recent years, immunology research has become one of focus of aquatic animal disease research.Therefore, developing effective immunopotentiator is to improve fish body immunity and important behave of premunition.
Immunopotentiator can pass through to improve the immunity of aquiculture animal body self, thereby strengthens its individual resistance against diseases.The existing both at home and abroad many reports of the application of the immunopotentiator of single component on aquatic products, but the immunopotentiator of existing single component not only action effect is limited, and on culturing long-term the use toward contact meeting appearance of negative feedback inhibition problem.The application of composite immune reinforcing agent in fish culture also has report, but great majority are meant the Chinese herbal medicine class.Like application number is that 200910132064.6 Chinese patent is pointed out the immunopotentiator of a kind of compound Chinese herb as fresh-water fishes and seawater fish; Application number is that 200510047347.2 Chinese patent is also pointed out the immunopotentiator of a kind of compound Chinese herb as left-eyed flounder.Though Chinese herbal medicine can overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that has the single component immunopotentiator now as immunopotentiator, its time cycle that plays a role is long, and can produce certain influence to the palatability of feed.
In view of the above, in existing left-eyed flounder was raised, the various materials as feed addictive uses all had deficiency more or less, and are bad like performance, can not obviously strengthen immunity or the premunition of fish, perhaps can cause damage or the like to human body.
Therefore, in the technology of raising left-eyed flounder, be badly in need of providing a kind of composite immune reinforcing agent that has nutrition and medicament dual function concurrently, with the immunity that improves fish, the sound development that improves fish survival rate, growth rate and culture fishery thereof.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the existing many deficiencies that exist in the technology of left-eyed flounder of raising; Bad like disease control technology shortcoming, all feeds additive performance, can not obviously strengthen immunity or the premunition of fish; Perhaps can to human body cause damage and because of the inhibition that can cause fish ineffective or the like, thereby provide a kind of left-eyed flounder with following effect with composite immune reinforcing agent and preparation method thereof:
Composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention is a kind ofly to integrate the short feed addictive new products of giving birth to, improving multiple functions such as immunity, extra-nutrition and control pathogen, and pollution-free, noresidue, cheap, method for using is simple and feasible.Thereby reduce chemical disinfection medicine and antibiotic use, guarantee feed and aquatic products safety and health, for the prevention from suffering from the diseases of aquaculture provides new approach.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose through following technical proposals:
A kind of left-eyed flounder is used composite immune reinforcing agent; It is characterized in that: said immunopotentiator comprises burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate, and the parts by weight of said burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate are following:
Burdock oligosaccharide: 25～35 parts;
Shitosan: 20～30 parts;
Chlorogenic acid: 15～25 parts;
Vitamin C: 5～15 parts;
Vitamin E: 5～15 parts;
Sodium alginate: 2～8 parts.
Preferably, the parts by weight of said burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate are following:
Burdock oligosaccharide: 30 parts;
Shitosan: 25 parts;
Chlorogenic acid: 20 parts;
Vitamin C: 10 parts;
Vitamin E: 10 parts;
Sodium alginate: 5 parts.
The invention still further relates to the preparation method of a kind of left-eyed flounder with composite immune reinforcing agent, it is characterized in that: the step and the process conditions of said method are following:
Step 1: solid material is pulverized, is sieved, mixing
Respectively the burdock oligosaccharide of 25～35 parts by weight, the shitosan of 20～30 parts by weight, the chlorogenic acid of 15～25 parts by weight, the vitamin C of 5～15 parts by weight and the vitamin E of 5～15 parts by weight are worn into fine powder; Cross 200 mesh sieves; Add mixing plant, fully mix and obtain the solid original mixture;
Step 2: the preparation of raw material
The sodium alginate that in step 1, adds 3～6 parts by weight in the solid original mixture of gained is as adhesive;
Step 3: granulate
With the raw mix compacting granulating of gained in the step 2, obtain the finished product of 100 parts by weight.
Preferably; Said burdock oligosaccharide is for carrying out radix bardanae a kind of water-soluble and stable better, the higher natural oligosaccharides of purity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out; Oligosaccharide content is more than or equal to 95% in the said burdock oligosaccharide; The mean molecule quantity of said burdock oligosaccharide is at 2134Da; Said burdock oligosaccharide is to be linked to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond by the fructose of 12 furan types, end be a glucopyranose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose, the degree of polymerization is 13 compound sugar.
Preferably, said shitosan, mean molecule quantity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out to get for chitin is carried out is 85% shitosan at 10000～50000Da, deacetylation.
Composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
(1) in the left-eyed flounder feed, use as feed addictive, performance is good, and addition is merely 0.1～1.0%, can save the cost of feed addictive;
(2) immunity and the premunition of fish be can obviously strengthen, survival rate and growth rate improved;
(3) immune effect is significantly higher than single immunopotentiator, but also has overcome the long-term immunosupress phenomenon that is showed of using of single product, can use in the complete period of animal-breeding;
(4) chemosterilant and the antibiotic that has overcome existing disease Prevention Technique given and cultured the harm that aquatic products and human body bring, and solved the existing high specificity of existing aquatic products vaccine, problem that cost is high again;
(5) have two kinds of attributes of nutrition and medicine concurrently, promptly contain nutriment, have the composition of BA again, can improve the fish organism metabolism, promote to grow, improve its immunity and premunition etc.;
(6) preparation method is simple, technology is reasonable, cheap, its raw material source is stablized, help suitability for industrialized production.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is described further.
A kind of left-eyed flounder is used composite immune reinforcing agent, comprises burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate.Wherein, Per hundred parts of these composite immune reinforcing agents are heavy, and the parts by weight of said burdock oligosaccharide account for 25～35 parts, and the parts by weight of said shitosan account for 20～30 parts; The parts by weight of said chlorogenic acid account for 15～25 parts; Said ascorbic parts by weight account for 5～15 parts, and the parts by weight of said vitamin E account for 5～15 parts, and the parts by weight of said sodium alginate account for 2～8 parts.
In a preferred embodiment; Per hundred parts of these composite immune reinforcing agents are heavy, and the parts by weight of said burdock oligosaccharide account for 30 parts, and the parts by weight of said shitosan account for 25 parts; The parts by weight of said chlorogenic acid account for 20 parts; Said ascorbic parts by weight account for 10 parts, and the parts by weight of said vitamin E account for 10 parts, and the parts by weight of said sodium alginate account for 5 parts.
The invention still further relates to the preparation method of a kind of left-eyed flounder with composite immune reinforcing agent, it is characterized in that: the step and the process conditions of said method are following:
Step 1: solid material is pulverized, is sieved, mixing
Respectively the burdock oligosaccharide of 25～35 parts by weight, the shitosan of 20～30 parts by weight, the chlorogenic acid of 15～25 parts by weight, the vitamin C of 5～15 parts by weight and the vitamin E of 5～15 parts by weight are worn into fine powder; Cross 200 mesh sieves; Add mixing plant, fully mix and obtain the solid original mixture;
Step 2: the preparation of raw material
The sodium alginate that in step 1, adds 3～6 parts by weight in the solid original mixture of gained is as adhesive;
Step 3: granulate
With the raw mix compacting granulating of gained in the step 2, obtain the finished product of 100 parts by weight.
Preferably; Said burdock oligosaccharide is for carrying out radix bardanae a kind of water-soluble and stable better, the higher natural oligosaccharides of purity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out; Oligosaccharide content is more than or equal to 95% in the said burdock oligosaccharide; The mean molecule quantity of said burdock oligosaccharide is at 2134Da; Said burdock oligosaccharide is to be linked to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond by the fructose of 12 furan types, end be a glucopyranose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose, the degree of polymerization is 13 compound sugar.
Preferably, said shitosan, mean molecule quantity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out to get for chitin is carried out is 85% shitosan at 10000～50000Da, deacetylation.
Composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention confirms in aquaculture, to have growth promotion, to improve survival rate and growth rate as novel immunopotentiator through culture experiment, obviously strengthens the multiple functions such as immunity and premunition of fish.
Test is provided by source, sky, development zone, Yantai aquatic products Co., Ltd with young turbot.Test is carried out in the workshop is cultured by source, sky aquatic products Co., Ltd.Select the turbot after health is evenly tamed to be divided into 4 groups at random, respectively establish 1 parallel-group, use different feeds respectively, undertaken by normal feeding and management program.
Test, about the long 13cm of average body, (is carried out circulating seawer and is inflated breed in net cage about average weight 23g with turbot 800 tails among 120cm * 100cm * 100cm).
Get into aquaculture net cage after the treatment systems such as the sand filtration of circulating seawer process, ozone, its flow is 0.8L/min.The duration of test water quality condition: dissolved oxygen DO is 6.0～8.0mg/L, and pH is 7.8～8.1, and temperature T is 18～22 ℃, and salinity S is 30～31.
Residual dirty the processing 1 time inhaled in bait throwing in every day 2 times.
In the control group, do not add composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention in the feed of being thrown in; In the test group, add 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% product of the present invention in the feed of being thrown in respectively.Carry out 3 months feeding experiment, whenever measure at a distance from 30 days the nospecific immunity indexs to turbot, survival rate, rate of body weight gain indexs.Throw something and feed after the off-test, carry out the bacterial infection experiment with tarda.
(1) to the nospecific immunity index determining of turbot
Can find out by table 1: duration of test; Adding composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention in the turbot feed compares with control group; Main immune indexes in the fish body comprises phagocytic rate, blood leucocyte sum and the SC vigor etc. of immune relevant enzyme vigor, haemocyte; All be significantly improved, and As time goes on, each immune indexes has the trend that increases gradually.
Add the influence of composite immune reinforcing agent in table 1 feed to turbot immunity
(2) to survival rate, rate of body weight gain and the growth rate index determining of turbot
Duration of test, turbot survival rate, rate of body weight gain are as shown in table 2, and the test group rate of body weight gain that adds immunopotentiator obviously is superior to control group, explain that used composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention increases weight to turbot facilitation is arranged.It possibly be due to temperature reduces that test later stage rate of body weight gain reduces.In addition, duration of test test group turbot survival rate also increases than control group to some extent, so use immunopotentiator that the turbot survival rate is had facilitation equally.
Add the influence of composite immune reinforcing agent in table 2 feed to the turbot growth performance
(3) to the observation experiment of turbot opposing bacterial infection
Add the influence of composite immune reinforcing agent in table 3 feed to turbot opposing bacterial infection
Composite immune reinforcing agent shows (table 3) to the observation experiment result of turbot opposing bacterial infection, and the turbot of the immunopotentiator of not throwing something and feeding is whole dead in bacterial injection 51.5h, and each group of the immunopotentiator of throwing something and feeding all demonstrates the phenomenon of postponing death.Throw something and feed contain 0.5% immunopotentiator in the feed turbot after infecting 87h, also have 17% survival rate; Throw something and feed contain 1.0% immunopotentiator in the feed turbot after off-test, still have 33% survival rate.This shows that this composite immune reinforcing agent has better effects to fish opposing bacterial infection.
In sum, in the turbot feed, adding 0.1～1.0% composite immune reinforcing agent of the present invention all has better effects to immunity, premunition and the growth performance of turbot body, can significantly improve the non-specific immunity of fish; Increase the activity of opposing bacterial infection; Can also obviously accelerate its growth, weightening finish, can make the breed survival rate of turbot improve about 10%, rate of body weight gain improves 22～56%; Improve the output of turbot effectively; Reduce aquaculture cost, thereby further promote the sound development of turbot aquaculture, satisfy the demand in market.
Claims (5)
1. a left-eyed flounder is used composite immune reinforcing agent; It is characterized in that: said immunopotentiator comprises burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate, and the parts by weight of said burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate are following:
Burdock oligosaccharide: 25～35 parts;
Shitosan: 20～30 parts;
Chlorogenic acid: 15～25 parts;
Vitamin C: 5～15 parts;
Vitamin E: 5～15 parts;
Sodium alginate: 2～8 parts,
Wherein, said shitosan, mean molecule quantity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out to get for chitin is carried out is 85% shitosan at 10000～50000Da, deacetylation.
2. left-eyed flounder according to claim 1 is used composite immune reinforcing agent, it is characterized in that: the parts by weight of said burdock oligosaccharide, shitosan, chlorogenic acid, vitamin C, vitamin E and sodium alginate are following:
Burdock oligosaccharide: 30 parts;
Shitosan: 25 parts;
Chlorogenic acid: 20 parts;
Vitamin C: 10 parts;
Vitamin E: 10 parts;
Sodium alginate: 5 parts.
3. left-eyed flounder according to claim 1 and 2 is used composite immune reinforcing agent; It is characterized in that: said burdock oligosaccharide is for carrying out radix bardanae a kind of water-soluble and stable better, the higher natural oligosaccharides of purity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out; Oligosaccharide content is more than or equal to 95% in the said burdock oligosaccharide; The mean molecule quantity of said burdock oligosaccharide is at 2134Da; Said burdock oligosaccharide is to be linked to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond by the fructose of 12 furan types, end be a glucopyranose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose, the degree of polymerization is 13 compound sugar.
4. the described left-eyed flounder of claim 1 is characterized in that with the preparation method of composite immune reinforcing agent: the step and the process conditions of said method are following:
Step 1: solid material is pulverized, is sieved, mixing
Respectively the burdock oligosaccharide of 25～35 parts by weight, the shitosan of 20～30 parts by weight, the chlorogenic acid of 15～25 parts by weight, the vitamin C of 5～15 parts by weight and the vitamin E of 5～15 parts by weight are worn into fine powder; Cross 200 mesh sieves; Add mixing plant, fully mix and obtain the solid original mixture;
Step 2: the preparation of raw material
The sodium alginate that in step 1, adds 3～6 parts by weight in the solid original mixture of gained is as adhesive;
Step 3: granulate
With the raw mix compacting granulating of gained in the step 2, obtain the finished product of 100 parts by weight,
Wherein, said shitosan, mean molecule quantity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out to get for chitin is carried out is 85% shitosan at 10000～50000Da, deacetylation.
5. left-eyed flounder according to claim 4 is with the preparation method of composite immune reinforcing agent; It is characterized in that: said burdock oligosaccharide is for carrying out radix bardanae a kind of water-soluble and stable better, the higher natural oligosaccharides of purity that the biotechnology Processing of Preparation goes out; Oligosaccharide content is more than or equal to 95% in the said burdock oligosaccharide; The mean molecule quantity of said burdock oligosaccharide is at 2134Da; Said burdock oligosaccharide is to be linked to each other with β (2-1) glycosidic bond by the fructose of 12 furan types, end be a glucopyranose with α (1-2) glycosidic bond be connected linear straight chain structure on the fructose, the degree of polymerization is 13 compound sugar.
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| CN102715367B (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2014-07-09 | 高雷 | Shrimp feed additive and preparation method |
| CN102715365B (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-12-25 | 高雷 | Fish feed additive and preparation method |
| CN103784566A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2014-05-14 | 天津市水产研究所 | Nonspecific immunity compound preparation for indoor breeding flounder, and use method thereof |
| CN103583904A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-19 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | 4 percent special compound premix for yellow-head catfish |
| CN106581670A (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2017-04-26 | 钦州学院 | Inactivated pentavaccine for flounder paralichthys and preparation method of inactivated pentavaccine |
| CN107183329B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-10-02 | 界首市康泽家庭农场 | A kind of great flounder scrod feed containing chicken powder |
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