CN113749193A - Chicken feed and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Chicken feed and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113749193A CN113749193A CN202111193812.9A CN202111193812A CN113749193A CN 113749193 A CN113749193 A CN 113749193A CN 202111193812 A CN202111193812 A CN 202111193812A CN 113749193 A CN113749193 A CN 113749193A
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- Prior art keywords
- parts
- chicken feed
- premix
- meal
- feed
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- Pending
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000529 probiotic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011649 selenium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000036750 egg laying performance Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 49
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013330 chicken meat Nutrition 0.000 description 54
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 description 11
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036528 appetite Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019789 appetite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JBYXPOFIGCOSSB-GOJKSUSPSA-N 9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O JBYXPOFIGCOSSB-GOJKSUSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000007696 Kjeldahl method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019728 animal nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940107161 cholesterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940108924 conjugated linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021316 daily nutritional intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000038379 digestive enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007734 digestive enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003284 iron Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004232 linoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004223 monosodium glutamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019192 riboflavin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/189—Enzymes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a chicken feed and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to the technical field of livestock breeding. The chicken feed comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of corn flour, 28-32 parts of soybean meal, 10-14 parts of peanut meal, 3-5 parts of shell powder, 1-3 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of pine needle powder, 1-2 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 5-7 parts of premix and 3-5 parts of enzyme preparation. The laying hen feed prepared from the chicken feed components can improve the laying rate and egg weight of the laying hen, improve the contents of protein and selenium in eggs and reduce the fat content.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of livestock breeding, in particular to chicken feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The eggs are rich in nutrition, almost contain all nutrient substances necessary for human bodies, such as protein, fat, ovoflavin, lecithin, vitamins, iron, calcium, potassium and the like, and are called as an ideal nutrient bank. The nutrition contained in the eggs is inseparable from the nutrition contained in the chicken feed. If the nutrient components in the chicken feed are not reasonably mixed or the contained energy is insufficient, the chicken grows slowly and easily suffers from diseases, and the laying rate of the laying hens and the quality of eggs are affected.
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the requirements of people on the quality of eggs are higher and higher. Adding a certain nutrient element into the chicken feed to improve the quality of eggs becomes a hotspot of animal husbandry research. However, the problem of unreasonable compatibility of the chicken feed still exists when the production performance of the laying hens is improved by utilizing the chicken feed in the prior art. Therefore, in order to solve the problem, a chicken feed with reasonable compatibility is urgently needed to meet the growth and production performance of the laying hens.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chicken feed with reasonable compatibility, and particularly relates to a chicken feed and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a chicken feed which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of corn flour, 28-32 parts of soybean meal, 10-14 parts of peanut meal, 3-5 parts of shell powder, 1-3 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of pine needle powder, 1-2 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 5-7 parts of premix and 3-5 parts of enzyme preparation.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 37-39 parts of corn flour, 29-31 parts of soybean meal, 11-13 parts of peanut meal, 3.5-4.5 parts of shell powder, 1.5-2.5 parts of fish meal, 3.5-4.5 parts of pine needle powder, 1.25-1.75 parts of salt, 3.5-4.5 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 5.5-6.5 parts of premix and 3.5-4.5 parts of enzyme preparation.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by mass: 38 parts of corn flour, 30 parts of bean pulp, 12 parts of peanut meal, 4 parts of shell powder, 2 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of pine needle powder, 1.5 parts of salt, 4 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 6 parts of premix and 4 parts of enzyme preparation.
Preferably, the probiotic agent comprises a lactobacillus agent and/or a bacillus megaterium agent.
Preferably, the premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamins of the laying hens are 8-10: 8-10: 18-20: 71-75: 4-5: 8 to 10.
Preferably, the premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamins of the laying hens are 8.5-9.5: 8.5-9.5: 18.5-19.5: 72-74: 4.25-4.75: 8.5-9.5.
Preferably, the premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamin of the laying hens is 9: 9: 19: 73: 4.5: 9.
preferably, the enzyme preparation comprises pepsin and/or alpha-amylase.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the chicken feed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing corn flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, shell powder, fish meal, pine needle powder, salt and a probiotic microbial agent, adding water to enable the water content to reach 50-60%, and fermenting for 2-3 d at 35-37 ℃ to obtain an intermediate material;
(2) adding premix and enzyme preparation into the intermediate material, mixing, and granulating to obtain the chicken feed.
The invention also provides application of the chicken feed in improving the egg laying performance and/or the egg quality of laying hens.
The invention provides a chicken feed and a preparation method and application thereof, corn flour in the chicken feed provides energy required by chicken growth; the bean pulp and the peanut pulp provide protein substances required by the growth of the chicken in a synergistic manner; the shell powder and the fish meal contain a large amount of calcium elements, and the calcium elements and the fish meal have synergistic effect, so that the calcium elements for chicken growth can be provided, soft eggs can be prevented and treated, the shell powder and the fish meal also contain phosphorus, potassium, copper, magnesium, zinc, iron and other elements required by the chicken growth, protein and fat substances, and the fish meal has special smell and can enhance the appetite of the chicken; the pine needle powder contains phytoncide and vitamin substances, and can inhibit the generation of harmful flora in the chicken feed and provide the shelf life of the chicken feed under the condition of meeting the vitamin requirement of chicken growth; the addition of salt can balance acid-base balance in chicken intestinal tract and promote digestive enzyme production.
The raw materials are fermented by using lactic acid bacteria and/or bacillus megatherium, so that macromolecular substances which are not beneficial to chicken digestion can be decomposed into micromolecular substances, the palatability of the feed is improved, the digestion utilization rate of the feed is improved, bean pulp and peanut pulp can be promoted to generate enzyme preparations which are beneficial to digestion, the utilization rate of the feed in the digestive tract of the chicken is promoted under the combined action of the enzyme preparations and exogenous pepsin and/or alpha-amylase, the waste of the feed is reduced, and the material weight ratio of the feed is improved. The addition of lactobacillus and/or Bacillus megaterium can also improve the environment in intestinal tract, promote the generation of beneficial bacteria in intestinal tract, inhibit the generation of harmful bacteria, and prolong the storage life of feed.
The selenium yeast in the premix can improve the selenium content in the eggs and reduce the fat content; the glutamic acid is a main component of monosodium glutamate and is a main raw material for synthesizing protein, and the addition of the glutamic acid can not only increase the palatability of the feed, but also improve the content of the protein in the eggs; the choline chloride can promote the metabolism and transformation of fat, reduce the fat content in the eggs and improve the utilization rate of amino acid; the albumen powder is used for improving the appetite of the chicken; the vitamin C is used for improving the utilization rate of calcium element in the fish meal and the shell powder; the laying hen multivitamin has the function of improving the disease resistance of chickens in the chicken feed.
Therefore, the components of the chicken feed provided by the invention have synergistic effects, so that the chicken feed has the characteristics of high utilization rate and good palatability. The chicken feed provided by the invention can improve the laying rate, feed-egg ratio, egg weight and feed intake of laying hens, reduce the contents of cholesterol, lecithin, linoleic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in eggs, and improve the contents of selenium and protein in the eggs.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a chicken feed which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of corn flour, preferably 37-39 parts of corn flour, and further preferably 38 parts of corn flour;
28-32 parts of bean pulp, preferably 29-31 parts of bean pulp, and further preferably 30 parts of bean pulp;
10-14 parts of peanut meal, preferably 11-13 parts of peanut meal, and further preferably 12 parts of peanut meal;
3-5 parts of shell powder, preferably 3.5-4.5 parts, and further preferably 4 parts;
1-3 parts of fish meal, preferably 1.5-2.5 parts, and more preferably 2 parts;
3-5 parts of pine needle powder, preferably 3.5-4.5 parts, and further preferably 4 parts;
1-2 parts of salt, preferably 1.25-1.75 parts, and more preferably 1.5 parts;
3-5 parts of probiotic agent, preferably 3.5-4.5 parts, and further preferably 4 parts;
5-7 parts of premix, preferably 5.5-6.5 parts, and further preferably 6 parts;
3-5 parts of enzyme preparation, preferably 3.5-4.5 parts, and more preferably 4 parts.
In the present invention, the probiotic agent includes a lactobacillus agent and/or a bacillus megaterium agent.
In the invention, when the probiotic bacteria agent simultaneously comprises a lactobacillus agent and a bacillus megaterium agent, the weight ratio of the lactobacillus agent to the bacillus megaterium agent is 1: 1-2.
In the invention, the premix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamins of the laying hens are 8-10: 8-10: 18-20: 71-75: 4-5: 8-10, preferably 8.5-9.5: 8.5-9.5: 18.5-19.5: 72-74: 4.25-4.75: 8.5-9.5, and preferably 9: 9: 19: 73: 4.5: 9.
in the present invention, the enzyme preparation comprises pepsin and/or alpha-amylase.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the chicken feed, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing corn flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, shell powder, fish meal, pine needle powder, salt and a probiotic microbial agent, adding water to enable the water content to reach 50-60%, and fermenting for 2-3 d, preferably for 2.5d to obtain an intermediate material under the conditions of 35-37 ℃ and preferably 36 ℃;
(2) adding premix and enzyme preparation into the intermediate material, mixing, and granulating to obtain the chicken feed.
The invention also provides application of the chicken feed in improving the egg laying performance and/or the egg quality of laying hens.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Sources of the raw materials described in the examples of the invention and the comparative examples:
corn flour was purchased from Shandong Rui Yuan Biotech limited;
the soybean meal is purchased from Kyushu chemical Co., Ltd;
peanut meal is purchased from the professional cooperative of Sanhe grassland farmers in Zhengyang county;
shell powder was purchased from Dongtai scientific food, Inc. of Qingdao Hongdao economic district;
fish meal was purchased from Shandong Yurui agricultural development Co., Ltd;
pine needle powder was purchased from Jining Yuntian feed Co., Ltd;
salt was purchased from Tianjin Seedish chemical technology, Inc.;
the lactobacillus agent and the bacillus megaterium agent are purchased from Cangzhou Huayu Biotech limited;
pepsin and alpha-amylase were purchased from biotechnology, ltd, eastern erichia;
yeast selenium is purchased from Wuhan Wooxuan science and technology Limited;
glutamic acid was purchased from Hefei Shengrun biological products, Inc.;
choline chloride was purchased from kning-rock biotechnology limited;
the protein powder is purchased from Anhui Yuansen Biotech, Inc.;
vitamin C was purchased from Henan Dong kang veterinary drug Co., Ltd;
layer chicken multivitamins were purchased from synvitamin animal nutrition technologies, inc.
The laying hens in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention were 60-week-old luo island red chickens, and 20 laying hens were used in each of the examples and comparative examples.
The calculation formula of the corresponding items in table 1 of the present invention is:
the laying rate is equal to the number of eggs laid per day/the number of test chickens multiplied by 100 percent;
the ratio of the feed to the egg is the amount of the feed used per total weight of the eggs;
average egg weight is total egg weight/total egg amount;
average daily feed intake ═ Σ (amount of feed fed per day-amount of feed at the end of daily feeding)/number of days fed.
The measuring method of the corresponding items in the table 2 of the invention is as follows:
the method for measuring the selenium content adopts the method of GB 5009.93-2010.
The method for measuring the content of cholesterol adopts gas chromatography.
The protein content is measured by Kjeldahl method.
The calcium content was measured by flame atomic light absorption.
The determination method of the vitamin D content adopts high performance liquid chromatography for determination.
The experimental period for the inventive examples and comparative examples was 100 days.
The experimental bases of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention were carried out in animal breeding experimental bases of professional schools such as ruzhou city.
Example 1
3.6kg of corn flour, 3.2kg of soybean meal, 1.2kg of peanut meal, 0.3kg of shell powder, 0.3kg of fish meal, 0.4kg of pine needle meal, 0.1kg of salt and 0.5kg of lactobacillus microbial inoculum are uniformly mixed, 11.73kg of water is added to ensure that the water content reaches 55%, and the mixture is fermented for 3d at the temperature of 36 ℃ to obtain the intermediate material.
0.08kg of yeast selenium, 0.1kg of glutamic acid, 0.18kg of choline chloride, 0.75kg of albumen powder, 0.04kg of vitamin C and 0.09kg of laying hen multivitamin are uniformly mixed to obtain 1.24kg of premix.
And adding 0.5kg of premix and 0.5kg of pepsin into the intermediate material, mixing and granulating to obtain the chicken feed.
Feeding chicken with free feed and water. The henhouse is cleaned at fixed points every day. Recording the egg laying quantity every day to obtain the daily egg laying quantity; weighing the egg laid every day and recording; recording the daily feed amount and the feed amount at the end of daily feeding; after the experiment is finished, the laying rate, the feed-egg ratio, the average egg weight and the average daily feed intake are calculated according to the formula. The results are shown in Table 1.
Randomly extracting 5 eggs every week to detect the cholesterol content, selenium content, protein content, calcium content and vitamin D content in the eggs. And calculating the average value after the experiment is finished to obtain the average content of cholesterol, selenium, protein, calcium and vitamin D in each egg. The results are shown in Table 2.
Example 2
4.0kg of corn flour, 3.0kg of soybean meal, 1.0kg of peanut meal, 0.5kg of shell powder, 0.1kg of fish meal, 0.5kg of pine needle meal, 0.2kg of salt and 0.4kg of bacillus megaterium microbial inoculum are uniformly mixed, 14.55kg of water is added to ensure that the water content of the mixture reaches 60%, and the mixture is fermented for 2 days at the temperature of 37 ℃ to obtain an intermediate material.
0.1kg of selenium yeast, 0.08kg of glutamic acid, 0.2kg of choline chloride, 0.71kg of albumen powder, 0.045kg of vitamin C and 0.08kg of laying hen multivitamin are uniformly mixed to obtain 1.215kg of premix.
Adding 0.7kg of premix, 0.3kg of pepsin and 0.1kg of alpha-amylase into the intermediate material, mixing and granulating to obtain the chicken feed.
Feeding chicken with free feed and water. The henhouse is cleaned at fixed points every day. Recording the egg laying quantity every day to obtain the daily egg laying quantity; weighing the egg laid every day and recording; recording the daily feed amount and the feed amount at the end of daily feeding; after the experiment is finished, the laying rate, the feed-egg ratio, the average egg weight and the average daily feed intake are calculated according to the formula. The results are shown in Table 1.
Randomly extracting 5 eggs every week to detect the cholesterol content, selenium content, protein content, calcium content and vitamin D content in the eggs. And calculating the average value after the experiment is finished to obtain the average content of cholesterol, selenium, protein, calcium and vitamin D in each egg. The results are shown in Table 2.
Example 3
3.8kg of corn flour, 2.8kg of soybean meal, 1.4kg of peanut meal, 0.4kg of shell powder, 0.2kg of fish meal, 0.3kg of pine needle meal, 0.15kg of salt, 0.1kg of bacillus megaterium microbial inoculum and 0.2kg of lactobacillus microbial inoculum are mixed uniformly, 9.35kg of water is added to ensure that the water content reaches 50%, and the mixture is fermented for 3d at 35 ℃ to obtain an intermediate material.
0.09kg of selenium yeast, 0.09kg of glutamic acid, 0.19kg of choline chloride, 0.74kg of albumen powder, 0.05kg of vitamin C and 0.1kg of laying hen multivitamin are uniformly mixed to obtain 1.26kg of premix.
And adding 0.6kg of premix and 0.3kg of alpha-amylase into the intermediate material, and mixing and granulating to obtain the chicken feed.
Feeding chicken with free feed and water. The henhouse is cleaned at fixed points every day. Recording the egg laying quantity every day to obtain the daily egg laying quantity; weighing the egg laid every day and recording; recording the daily feed amount and the feed amount at the end of daily feeding; after the experiment is finished, the laying rate, the feed-egg ratio, the average egg weight and the average daily feed intake are calculated according to the formula. The results are shown in Table 1.
Randomly extracting 5 eggs every week to detect the cholesterol content, selenium content, protein content, calcium content and vitamin D content in the eggs. And calculating the average value after the experiment is finished to obtain the average content of cholesterol, selenium, protein, calcium and vitamin D in each egg. The results are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 a chicken feed was prepared according to the method of example 1, and unlike example 1, the chicken feed of comparative example 1 did not contain pine needle meal.
The effect of the feed of comparative example 1 on laying rate, feed-to-egg ratio, average egg weight, average daily feed intake was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
Calculating average cholesterol content, selenium content, protein content, calcium content and vitamin D content in the eggs. The results are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the procedure of example 2 was followed, except that the premix of comparative example 2 was not supplemented with selenium yeast.
The effect of the feed of comparative example 2 on laying rate, feed-to-egg ratio, average egg weight, average daily feed intake was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
Calculating average cholesterol content, selenium content, protein content, calcium content and vitamin D content in the eggs. The results are shown in Table 2.
Comparative example 3
The method of comparative example 3 was set up according to the method of example 3, and different from example 3, the corn flour, soybean meal, peanut meal, shell powder, fish meal, pine needle meal, salt, bacillus megaterium inoculant and lactobacillus inoculant of comparative example 3 were mixed and directly mixed with the premix and the enzyme preparation without fermentation.
The effect of the feed of comparative example 3 on laying rate, feed-to-egg ratio, average egg weight, average daily feed intake was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.
Calculating average cholesterol content, selenium content, protein content, calcium content and vitamin D content in the eggs. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 Effect of the feed prepared in each of the examples and comparative examples on egg laying performance of layer chickens
| Laying rate% | Material to egg ratio | Average egg weight g | Average daily food intake g | |
| Example 1 | 97.5 | 1.9 | 63 | 103 |
| Example 2 | 95 | 2.0 | 64 | 105 |
| Example 3 | 97.5 | 2.0 | 63 | 104 |
| Comparative example 1 | 87.5 | 2.4 | 59 | 109 |
| Comparative example 2 | 90 | 2.3 | 60 | 110 |
| Comparative example 3 | 85 | 2.5 | 59 | 110 |
TABLE 2 influence of the feed of each example and comparative example on the quality of eggs
The embodiments show that the invention provides a chicken feed and a preparation method and application thereof. The chicken feed disclosed by the invention is reasonable in formula, and the components have synergistic effects, so that the laying rate and the egg weight of the laying hens can be obviously increased, and the feed-weight ratio and the daily feed intake can be reduced. Increasing calcium content, selenium content, protein content and vitamin D content in egg, and reducing cholesterol content in egg. The parameters of the chicken feed components are better than those of the chicken feed components which are not fermented after fermentation, which shows that the palatability and the performance of the feed can be improved by the fermentation.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The chicken feed is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 36-40 parts of corn flour, 28-32 parts of soybean meal, 10-14 parts of peanut meal, 3-5 parts of shell powder, 1-3 parts of fish meal, 3-5 parts of pine needle powder, 1-2 parts of salt, 3-5 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 5-7 parts of premix and 3-5 parts of enzyme preparation.
2. The chicken feed according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 37-39 parts of corn flour, 29-31 parts of soybean meal, 11-13 parts of peanut meal, 3.5-4.5 parts of shell powder, 1.5-2.5 parts of fish meal, 3.5-4.5 parts of pine needle powder, 1.25-1.75 parts of salt, 3.5-4.5 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 5.5-6.5 parts of premix and 3.5-4.5 parts of enzyme preparation.
3. The chicken feed according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 38 parts of corn flour, 30 parts of bean pulp, 12 parts of peanut meal, 4 parts of shell powder, 2 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of pine needle powder, 1.5 parts of salt, 4 parts of probiotic bacteria agent, 6 parts of premix and 4 parts of enzyme preparation.
4. The chicken feed according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the probiotic bacteria agent comprises a lactobacillus agent and/or a bacillus megaterium agent.
5. The chicken feed according to claim 4, wherein the premix comprises the following components in parts by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamins of the laying hens are 8-10: 8-10: 18-20: 71-75: 4-5: 8 to 10.
6. The chicken feed according to claim 5, wherein the premix comprises the following components in parts by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamins of the laying hens are 8.5-9.5: 8.5-9.5: 18.5-19.5: 72-74: 4.25-4.75: 8.5-9.5.
7. The chicken feed according to claim 6, wherein the premix comprises the following components in parts by mass: selenium yeast: glutamic acid: choline chloride: protein powder: vitamin C: the multivitamin of the laying hens is 9: 9: 19: 73: 4.5: 9.
8. the chicken feed of claim 4, wherein the enzyme preparation comprises pepsin and/or alpha-amylase.
9. The method for preparing a chicken feed according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing corn flour, bean pulp, peanut meal, shell powder, fish meal, pine needle powder, salt and a probiotic microbial agent, adding water to enable the water content to reach 50-60%, and fermenting for 2-3 d at 35-37 ℃ to obtain an intermediate material;
(2) adding premix and enzyme preparation into the intermediate material, mixing, and granulating to obtain the chicken feed.
10. Use of the chicken feed of any one of claims 1 to 8 for improving the egg laying performance and/or egg quality of laying hens.
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| CN115462438A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-13 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Feed additive and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115886148A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-04 | 瑞昌市铜岭农庄有限公司 | Preparation method and application of fermented selenium-rich chicken feed added with pine needle powder |
| CN116171933A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-30 | 海南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for improving meat quality of Wenchang chickens |
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| CN107668329A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-09 | 安琪酵母股份有限公司 | Fodder compound, preparation method, application and the method for producing selenium rich of egg |
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| CN107668329A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-09 | 安琪酵母股份有限公司 | Fodder compound, preparation method, application and the method for producing selenium rich of egg |
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| CN115462438A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-12-13 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Feed additive and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115886148A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-04-04 | 瑞昌市铜岭农庄有限公司 | Preparation method and application of fermented selenium-rich chicken feed added with pine needle powder |
| CN116171933A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-30 | 海南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method for improving meat quality of Wenchang chickens |
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