CN1465235A - Natural ecological aquarium and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Natural ecological aquarium and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1465235A CN1465235A CNA021401780A CN02140178A CN1465235A CN 1465235 A CN1465235 A CN 1465235A CN A021401780 A CNA021401780 A CN A021401780A CN 02140178 A CN02140178 A CN 02140178A CN 1465235 A CN1465235 A CN 1465235A
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Abstract
The method for constructing natural ecological aquarium induces the following measures: firstly, laying a thin layer of fine coral sand on the bottom of the aquarium, placing base plate with several small holes on the coral sand, laying a thick layer of coral sand on the base plate, placing some matrixes capable of various living environments for living beings on the coral sand, adding water, using water-pumping machine to make waves and produce water flow with proper strength, and placing light source over thue aquarium body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the set-up method and the device thereof of fish management device, particularly a kind of natural, ecological aquarium and set-up method thereof.
Background technology
Be usually used in the equipment of supporting one's family of aquarium at present, it utilizes physical principle mostly, as filtering, adsorbing; The principles of chemistry are as neutralization; Or biological principle, as denitrification.Equipment needed thereby comprises with equipment: trace element, nitrate removal device and the sand of living (relevant these part principles such as sand filter, filter cotton, bottom and external filter, protein defoaming device, activated carbon, calcium reactor or interpolation calcium, can be with reference to United States Patent (USP) case number: 4,995,980, the open date: on February 26th, 1991, patent name: System for biologicalpurification of water containing organic materials and derivativeproducts) etc., and be described below respectively for the principle and the shortcoming of each device:
1, using sand filter, filter cotton is to utilize physical filtering, and the filial generation of plankton and Shui nationality biology is removed by each device and can't be survived, often need to clean, and labor intensive, if suitably do not handle in good time, then water quality worsens easily.
2, be to utilize current to pass through the bed load filtering particle in bottom and outside use filter, with the aerobe nitrification, making ammonia, nitrite-oxidizing is to the more avirulent nitrate of biology; But because of a large amount of nitrates accumulations in aquarium, produce a large amount of sludge settlings simultaneously, and generally improve to change labor intensive modes such as water and clear bed mud.
3, using the protein defoaming device is to utilize minute bubbles surface tension adsorbent principle, and organic granular and trace element can be eliminated and waste, and often needs to adjust, clean labor intensive.
4, using activated carbon then is to utilize a large amount of hole adsorbent of activated carbon surface principle, and organic granular and trace element can be eliminated and waste, and often needs to change consume material.
5, use calcium reactor or interpolation calcium are to utilize carbonic acid gas to dissolve in to reduce sour alkali value in the water, and calcium carbonate is melted, and disengage calcium ion, often need adjustment, interpolation solution and measure water quality, so labor intensive and material.
6, using the nitrate removal device is to utilize the bio anaerobic denitrification, and making nitrate reduction is nitrogen and effusion aquarium; But nitrate can be used as the nutrition of aquatic plant, can be eliminated and wastes.
7, the sand of use living is biology aerobic nitrification and the anaerobic denitrification that utilizes bacterium in the layer of sand, makes ammonia, nitrite-oxidizing for to the more avirulent nitrate of biology, and making nitrate reduction again is nitrogen and effusion aquarium; But the efficient of its biofiltration effect is low.
The common drawback of above-mentioned each device:
(1) each apparatus function is single, and the effect of often cancelling out each other each other.
(2) it is normal to desire to keep each apparatus function, and often need to adjust, clean, add solution and measure water quality, so labor intensive and material, if suitably handle in good time, then water quality worsens easily.
(3) each device buying is higher with the required cost of regular maintenance, and electricity consumption is more.
(4) aquarium Central Plains can as organic particle and trace element, but be removed and waste by each device as the material of biological nutrition and food.
(5) formerly can be used as the plankton of food and the filial generation of Shui nationality biology, removed by each device and can't survive.
(6) be difficult to make all kinds of biologies to set up the complete history of life in aquarium, bio-diversity is low, and material circulation and power conversion are imperfect, and labor intensive, bait, additive and equipment are to keep Biostatic for a long time.
Summary of the invention
The natural, ecological aquarium and the set-up method thereof that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of environment of setting up complete bio-diversity, duplicating natural ecological system, saving manpower, material and the energy.
Natural, ecological aquarium set-up method of the present invention comprises:
Step 1
At the bottom of casing, spread the thin coral sand of skim earlier;
On coral sand, place the base plate of the many small holes of tool, promote mass exchange, prevent that the bed load dissolved oxygen from crossing low and produce poisonous hydrogen sulphide and as the shut off water of storage place of nutritive salt to separate out to use;
On base plate, be paved with a thick-layer coral sand;
On coral sand, place the matrix that some create various habitable environment;
Step 5
Add entry;
Step 6
Make the current of wave and the suitable intensity of generation with water pumper;
Light source is provided above casing;
Introducing some natural ecologicals is matrix.
Natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention comprises casing towards upper shed, be layed in the thin coral sand of tank floor skim, be arranged at the many small holes of tool on the coral sand base plate, be paved with on a base plate thick-layer coral sand, be placed in coral sand matrix, be arranged at electromotor, the water pumper in the casing and be arranged at the light source of casing top.
Wherein:
The matrix that step 4 is placed on the coral sand can be hermatolith, stone, and covers 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand; The hermatolith stack manner is answered the loose and all kinds of moulding of construction of appropriateness, creates various habitable environment.
The matrix that step 4 is placed on the coral sand can be coral bone in irregular shape, and its quantity should cover 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand 4.
The light source that step 7 provides above casing is a sunshine.
The light source that step 7 provides above casing is a plant lamp.
The light source that step 7 provides above casing is a metal halid lamp.
The matrix of introducing in the step 8 can be bed load, free of contamination water, rock or other matrix and the biology of natural ecological system.
Matrix is rock.
Matrix is for forming irregular coral bone.
The water that adds is seawater or fresh water.
Because natural, ecological aquarium set-up method of the present invention comprises: at the bottom of casing, spread the thin coral sand of skim earlier; On coral sand, place the base plate of the many small holes of tool; On base plate, be paved with a thick-layer coral sand; On coral sand, place the matrix that some create various habitable environment; Add entry; Make the current of wave and the suitable intensity of generation with water pumper; Light source is provided above casing; Introducing some natural ecologicals is matrix; Natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention comprises casing towards upper shed, be layed in the thin coral sand of tank floor skim, be arranged at the many small holes of tool on the coral sand base plate, be paved with on a base plate thick-layer coral sand, be placed in coral sand matrix, be arranged at electromotor, the water pumper in the casing and be arranged at the light source of casing top.Thin coral sand of mat bottom and shut off water form the low dissolved oxygen zone of oxygen dissolved near 1mg/l, solve nitrates accumulation phenomenon common in the general water vat; Shut off water has the promotion mass exchange, prevents that the bed load dissolved oxygen from crossing low and effect that produce poisonous hydrogen sulphide; Mat matrix forms the large number of biological film, and under illumination or aeration abundance, it is soluble in water that plant row photosynthesis produces oxygen, forms high dissolved oxygen zone, promotes to form current and fluctuation, makes the water body energy dissipation, promotes material to transmit and nutrient absorption; Set up complete bio-diversity, duplicate the environment of natural ecological system; Via nitrification, be avirulent nitrate with virose ammonia and nitrite-oxidizing, nitrate reduces via anaerobic denitrifying bacteria again, and disengages with the form of nitrogen, solves nitrates accumulation phenomenon common in the general water vat; Plankton and biological filial generation can not be filtered cotton and quartz sand blocks and death, and predator and breeding are perched, look for food, hidden to the formed concealed space of the rock that coral sand and matrix are arranged for it, successfully survival in the natural, ecological aquarium, the also reproduction of growing up; The environmental protection of the employed material nature of natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention can reduce the consumption of raw materials and the energy and use and the high excellent effect of material recycling utilization rate.Not only set up complete bio-diversity, duplicate the environment of natural ecological system, and save manpower, material and the energy, thereby reach purpose of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, for natural, ecological aquarium structural representation stereogram of the present invention.
Fig. 2, for natural, ecological aquarium structural representation cutaway view of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention comprise tool towards the casing 1 of upper shed, be layed in casing 1 bottom surface the thin coral sand 2 of skim, be arranged at the many small holes of tool on the coral sand 2 base plate 3, be paved with in a thick-layer coral sand 4 on the base plate 3, be placed in matrix 5 such as hermatolith, stone on the coral sand 4, be arranged at casing 1 built-in motor 6, water pumper 7 and be arranged at the light source 8 of casing 1 top.In casing 1, fill seawater or fresh water.
Matrix 5 can be rock or forms irregular coral bone, and its quantity should cover 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand, and stack manner is answered the loose and all kinds of moulding of construction of appropriateness, creates various habitable environment.
Natural, ecological aquarium set-up method of the present invention comprises:
Step 1
Spread the thin coral sand 2 of skim earlier at 1 end of casing;
On coral sand 2, place the base plate 3 of the many small holes of tool commonly use,, use and promote mass exchange, prevent that the bed load dissolved oxygen from crossing low and produce poisonous hydrogen sulphide and as storage place of nutritive salt to separate out shut off water;
On base plate 3, be paved with the little coral sand 4 of a thick-layer, or be paved with the little coral sand 4 of a thick-layer earlier, be paved with coral sand in the thick-layer again;
On coral sand 4, place some matrix 5, as hermatolith, stone or coral bone in irregular shape, its quantity should cover 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand 4, the hermatolith stack manner is answered the loose and all kinds of moulding of construction of appropriateness, as slope, platform, groove, cave and cliff etc., create various habitable environment;
Step 5
Add entry;
Step 6
Make the current of wave and the suitable intensity of generation with water pumper 7;
Introduce bed load, free of contamination water, rock or other matrix and the biology of some natural ecological systems.
In the natural, ecological aquarium set-up method, the thin coral sand 2 of bottom forms the low dissolved oxygen zone of oxygen dissolved near 1mg/l with shut off water, nitrate reduces via anaerobic denitrifying bacteria, and disengages with the form of nitrogen, solves nitrates accumulation phenomenon common in the general water vat; Phosphorus and some metals be through Anaerobic Treatment, precipitates in conjunction with forming carbonate and sulphide and be stored in the bottom; The biological quality that Anaerobic Treatment can make organic matter transformation form is less, and therefore, the bed mud that is produced is few, the 25-45% that is about Aerobic Process for Treatment, thereby reduce the bed mud deposition (relevant this principle partly can be with reference to Hong Renyang, 1998, the design of anaerobism routine processes industrial wastewater and city sewage, state-run compiling shop, and Wu Xianqi, Wang Meixue, Shi Yangxin, Liu Taiming, 2000, waste water microbiology, state-run compiling shop); The acidic materials that produced in the bacterial activity process are neutralized by calcium carbonate as meetings such as nitric acid, cause carbonate and calcium ion stripping simultaneously, thereby make pH be worth stable to keep, and possess its buffer capacity, and make trace element such as calcium ion continue to be replenished; Shut off water has the promotion mass exchange, prevents that the bed load dissolved oxygen from crossing low and effect that produce poisonous hydrogen sulphide.
Can form the large number of biological film in zone, coral sand 4 top layer, under illumination or aeration abundance, it is soluble in water that the feasible photosynthesis of plant produces oxygen, form oxygen dissolved at least greater than high dissolved oxygen zone preferable more than the 1mg/l, (relevant this part principle, can be with reference to ocean, u'eno one youth, Qin Zongxian, 2001, the key technology of cycle water engineering, the clean water treatment technology of Japan's high-density aquiculture, aquatic products publishing house) carry out Aerobic Process for Treatment, organic granule and deliquescent organic matter can be absorbed by aerobic bacteria, via nitrification, be avirulent nitrate with virose ammonia and nitrite-oxidizing; Coral sand is calcium carbonate, can keep the buffer capacity of water quality and unlikely acidifying, and can become many biologies, the algae that comprises nutritive salt in capable photosynthesis and the absorption water, be that food is controlled it and is unlikely to excessively flouring spiral shell class and shell-fish with the algae, play the part of street cleaner role and remove the place that the marine borer class of organic debris and sea cucumber etc. perched, look for food, hid predator and breeding and hatch the offspring.
The rock of matrix 5 or zone, coral bone top layer in irregular shape can form the large number of biological film, and under illumination or aeration abundance, it is soluble in water that plant row photosynthesis produces oxygen, forms high dissolved oxygen zone, carries out Aerobic Process for Treatment; Organic granule and deliquescent organic matter can be absorbed by aerobic bacteria, via nitrification, are avirulent nitrate with virose ammonia and nitrite-oxidizing; The coral bone is a calcium carbonate, can keep the buffer capacity of water quality and unlikely acidifying, hermatolith, its quantity should cover 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand 4, stack manner is answered the loose and all kinds of moulding of construction of appropriateness, as the slope, platform, groove, cave and cliff etc., create various habitable environment, to become the algae that many biologies comprise capable photosynthesis and absorb nutritive salt in the water, filter particle in the drinking water and safeguard the sponge that water quality is limpid, the pipe worm, bryozoan and Ascidian etc., be that food is controlled it and is unlikely to excessively flouring spiral shell class with the algae, shell-fish, echinoderm and fish, play the part of street cleaner role and remove the shrimp crab class of organic debris and marine borer class etc. is perched, look for food, hide predator and breeding and hatch offspring's site, rock or the erose matsurface of coral bone, can promote to form current and fluctuation, make the water body energy dissipation, promote material to transmit and nutrient absorption.
In the natural, ecological aquarium set-up method, can promote mass exchange with the current of the suitable intensity of water pumper 7 manufacturings and the eddy current that is produced thereof, material and biological contacting have additional nutrients, improve the material transmission efficiency, reduce effect of boundary layer, promote nutrient absorption, refuse and suspension are removed; In addition can make wave, make the water surface form ripple, as lens, produce spotlight effect, illumination is improved, and make between water body and the air mass exchange good.Hydrostatic territory ecosystem aquarium, as pond and reservoir etc., its water circulation rate is less than 1 volume/hour more suitable, moving waters ecosystem aquarium, as coral reef and streams etc., its water circulation rate is at least greater than 1 volume/hour more suitable.
And aspect the water quality clarity; suspension and organic granular can be caught by the hole of sand and rock surface, epizoite and filter feeder in the water; thereby it is limpid to keep water quality; and satisfied biological food needs; and natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention; the result shows after tested, and it can make turbidity be reduced to below the 2NTU by 22NTU in 6 hours.
Oxygen dissolved can utilize plant row photosynthesis, produces oxygen to be dissolved in the water and to keep; The maximum biology amount of raising can be kept at least greater than more than the 3mg/l and estimate by oxygen dissolved in the natural, ecological aquarium.(relevant this principle partly, can with reference to ocean, u'eno one youth, Qin Zongxian, 2001, the key technology of cycle water engineering, the clean water treatment technology of Japanese high-density aquiculture, aquatic products publishing house).
And if dissolved oxygen is on the low side, then can be aided with the night aeration to keep suitable dissolved oxygen, and natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention, the result shows after tested, water quality in this natural, ecological aquarium is obviously day and night, and the cycle changes, it is 8mg/l that the preceding oxygen dissolved of turning off the light reaches peak, and it is 4mg/l that the preceding oxygen dissolved of turning on light reaches minimum.
The nutritive salt aspect, nitrogen substance is absorbed by aerobic bacteria, via nitrification, with virose ammonia and nitrite-oxidizing is avirulent nitrate, nitrate is again via anaerobic denitrifying bacteria reduction, and disengage with the form of nitrogen, solve nitrates accumulation phenomenon common in the general water vat; Phosphate is utilized by plant absorbing, or combine with other metals and to be deposited in bottom, natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention result after tested shows, culturing coral after 8 months, its nutrient concentration is still kept very low, ammonia less than 0.05mg/l, nitrite less than 0.01mg/l, nitrate less than 0.05mg/l, phosphate less than 0.01mg/l.
Plankton and biological filial generation can not be filtered cotton and quartz sand blocks and death, and predator and breeding are perched, look for food, hidden to the formed concealed space of the rock that coral sand 2,4 and matrix 5 are arranged for it, the present invention result after tested shows, some marine borer classes and spiral shell class have many newborn individualities to occur in natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention often, and some coral kinds, as withe Acropora, point branch row hole coral and calyx shape post coral etc., successfully survival in the natural, ecological aquarium, growth and reproduction of the children's life that is discharged.
The environmental protection of the employed material nature of natural, ecological aquarium of the present invention can reduce the consumption of raw materials and the energy and use and the high excellent effect of material recycling utilization rate.
Claims (12)
1, a kind of natural, ecological aquarium set-up method is characterized in that it comprises:
Step 1
At the bottom of casing, spread the thin coral sand of skim earlier;
Step 2
On coral sand, place the base plate of the many small holes of tool, promote mass exchange, prevent that the bed load dissolved oxygen from crossing low and produce poisonous hydrogen sulphide and as the shut off water of storage place of nutritive salt to separate out to use;
Step 3
On base plate, be paved with a thick-layer coral sand;
Step 4
On coral sand, place the matrix that some create various habitable environment;
Step 5
Add entry;
Step 6
Make the current of wave and the suitable intensity of generation with water pumper;
Step 7
Light source is provided above casing;
Step 8
Introducing some natural ecologicals is matrix.
2, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described step 3 is paved with a thick-layer coral sand and also can be paved with the little coral sand of a thick-layer earlier on base plate, is paved with coral sand in the thick-layer again.
3, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the matrix that described step 4 is placed on the coral sand can be hermatolith, stone, and covers 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand; The hermatolith stack manner is answered the loose and all kinds of moulding of construction of appropriateness, creates various habitable environment.
4, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the matrix that described step 4 is placed on the coral sand can be coral bone in irregular shape, and its quantity should cover 1/2 to 4/5 of coral sand 4.
5, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the light source that described step 7 provides is a sunshine above casing.
6, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the light source that described step 7 provides is a plant lamp above casing.
7, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the light source that described step 7 provides is a metal halid lamp above casing.
8, natural, ecological aquarium set-up method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the matrix of introducing in the described step 8 can be bed load, free of contamination water, rock or other matrix and the biology of natural ecological system.
9, a kind of natural, ecological aquarium, it comprises the casing towards upper shed; It is characterized in that described tank floor lay the thin coral sand of skim, be arranged at the many small holes of tool on the coral sand base plate, be paved with on a base plate thick-layer coral sand, be placed in coral sand matrix, be arranged at electromotor, the water pumper in the casing and be arranged at the light source of casing top.
10, natural, ecological aquarium according to claim 9 is characterized in that described matrix is rock.
11, natural, ecological aquarium according to claim 9 is characterized in that described matrix is for forming irregular coral bone.
12, natural, ecological aquarium according to claim 9, the water that it is characterized in that described adding is seawater or fresh water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02140178 CN1199559C (en) | 2002-07-04 | 2002-07-04 | Natural ecological aquarium and construction method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02140178 CN1199559C (en) | 2002-07-04 | 2002-07-04 | Natural ecological aquarium and construction method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1465235A true CN1465235A (en) | 2004-01-07 |
| CN1199559C CN1199559C (en) | 2005-05-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02140178 Expired - Fee Related CN1199559C (en) | 2002-07-04 | 2002-07-04 | Natural ecological aquarium and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100396178C (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Complete artificial method for breeding Ciona and simple continuous bait scattering device |
| CN102405856A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Design mode for types and spatial positions of coral reef forming organisms |
| CN102972323A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-20 | 汪远 | Method for making seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN103112942A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Live sand preparation device |
| CN103648987A (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2014-03-19 | 罗国基 | System for decomposition of organic compounds and method of operation thereof |
| CN107509681A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-26 | 深圳市中科世纪科技有限公司 | Water makes method for wave on a kind of fish jar |
| CN107743910A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-03-02 | 水澯科技股份有限公司 | Shui nationality Ecological Control constructs |
| CN114053967A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 珊瑚湾科技有限公司 | Calcium reaction control method and device |
-
2002
- 2002-07-04 CN CN 02140178 patent/CN1199559C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100396178C (en) * | 2004-08-06 | 2008-06-25 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Complete artificial method for breeding Ciona and simple continuous bait scattering device |
| CN103648987A (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2014-03-19 | 罗国基 | System for decomposition of organic compounds and method of operation thereof |
| CN103648987B (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2016-01-06 | 罗国基 | For system and its working method of decomposing organic compounds |
| CN102405856A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Design mode for types and spatial positions of coral reef forming organisms |
| CN102405856B (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2014-03-12 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Design mode for types and spatial positions of coral reef forming organisms |
| CN102972323A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-20 | 汪远 | Method for making seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN103109763A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-05-22 | 汪远 | Manufacture method of seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN103109763B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-30 | 汪远 | Manufacture method of seawater ecological ornamental aquarium and seawater ecological ornamental aquarium |
| CN103112942A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2013-05-22 | 青岛理工大学 | Live sand preparation device |
| CN107509681A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-26 | 深圳市中科世纪科技有限公司 | Water makes method for wave on a kind of fish jar |
| CN107743910A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-03-02 | 水澯科技股份有限公司 | Shui nationality Ecological Control constructs |
| CN114053967A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 珊瑚湾科技有限公司 | Calcium reaction control method and device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1199559C (en) | 2005-05-04 |
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Granted publication date: 20050504 Termination date: 20120704 |