CN1456788A - Continuous mining process with deep hole dropping and top-bottom pillars mining in advance - Google Patents
Continuous mining process with deep hole dropping and top-bottom pillars mining in advance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A continuous mining method using advance extraction and deep-hole orefall for the suddenly slope hige-grade unstable metal deposit includes such steps as dividing ore body into regions, dividing region into segments as extraction unit, extracting a slice at the positions of cap pillar and bottom pillar, filling concrete in them to form artificial cap pillar and bottom pillar, forming a deep-hole drilling chamber under artificial cap pillar, forming compensating space of deep orefall above the artificial bottom pillar, drilling bigh-diameter deep hole, deep-hole orefall and filling it. Its advantages are high productivity and safety, and low cost.
Description
Technical field: the mining methods that the present invention relates to the metalliferous deposit underground mining.It mainly be applicable to the back production ore body built on the sand, country rock moderately stable, ore be worth thick above ore body in the high-dipping of higher (of high grade).
Background technology: ore body built on the sand, be worth thick above metalliferous deposit in the higher high-dipping, adopt the back production of slicing and filling mining codes usually.The slicing and filling mining methods of thick above ore body in the exploitation generally are divided into ore body mineral building, ore pillar, and ore pillar comprises studding, foundation and fore-set.Elder generation's rooming, back mining post.
Traditional slicing and filling mining codes can be divided into " upward ut and fill stoping " and " down to the slicing and filling mining codes " two kinds, the about 2.5-4.0m of its layer height, they above respectively to time to mode successively carry out the mineral building back production.
The characteristics of " upward ut and fill stoping " are: up back production layer by layer from bottom to top, whenever adopted a layering (perhaps two layerings), and use filler charge stratifying dead zone immediately, and then a layering in the back production; The effect of obturation is the upper and lower armor rock of supporting, and as the working platform of upper strata stoping operation.When adopting this method back production, personnel, equipment are risen under the top board exposure that reaches 5-7m at sky and are worked, and production security is poor.
The mining direction of " down to the slicing and filling mining codes " and above-mentioned mining codes antithesis, it is down back production layer by layer from top to bottom, has whenever adopted a layering just to carry out the layering consolidated fill with concrete, obturation is as the artificial roof of next slicing; When doing casting resin, need to lay reinforcing bar with concrete, complex process, filling cost is very high, and mining efficiency is low.
The work cycle of above-mentioned traditional slicing and filling mining codes comprises: driling explosion, ore removal, filling and Hu Ding, finish a work cycle after, change the back production of another layering over to.Therefore, the process for stoping of this mining methods is very complicated, safety condition is bad, work plane labor productivity is lower, operating cost is high, nugget production capacity also is very limited, and in order to finish output, the nugget number of back production simultaneously is many, the underground work line length, the organism of production complex management.
In order to safeguard the stability of upper and lower dish of ore body and stope top board, traditional slicing and filling mining codes need stay a large amount of ore pillars in the process of back production, these ore pillars (comprising studding, fore-set and foundation) because the Blasting Damage when crushing bad and mineral building back production with being subjected to, cause that the production efficiency that the later stage reclaims is lower, safety is poorer, cost is higher, the ore resource loss amount is bigger; In addition, connect the bad problem in top, thereby stay major hidden danger for the production safety in mine owing to all exist in the stowing operation.
Summary of the invention: technical problem to be solved by this invention is: overcome traditional existing problem of slicing and filling mining codes, provide that a kind of safety condition is reliable, work plane labor productivity height, operating cost be low, is specially adapted in the high-dipping thick above, grade top-bottom pillar mining in advance deep hole higher, the unsteady metalliferous deposit back production of ore the ore deposit continuous mining that falls.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: earlier ore body being divided into the panel, being divided into the ore deposit section then, is the back production unit with the ore deposit section, is characterized in:
1, concrete filling with the layering of back production respectively of shallow bore hole freeing mineral method, then, is used in the position of fore-set in the section of ore deposit and foundation, forms artificial roof pillar and artificial sill pillar;
2, in artificial roof pillar, reserve the The Small Well of certain specification,, and in the artificial sill pillar of bottom, reserve drawhole as the filling well of the ventilation in the exploitation process, manway shaft and bashing;
3, below artificial roof pillar, form the large diameter, deep borehole drilling chamber, on the top of artificial sill pillar, with shallow bore hole freeing mineral method formation deep hole the fall compensation space and the scope of freedom in ore deposit;
4, in drilling chamber with under rock drilling equipment (or other similar devices) Drilling of shearing broken rock to large diameter, deep borehole;
5, before the back production, earlier several deep holes are carried out blasting in groups, in the section of ore deposit, form a cutting groove, fall under ore deposit or the spheric cartridge to ore caving implementing the side direction deep hole on the stage overall height then;
6, under artificial roof pillar, the ore of a large amount of avalanches is transported by scraper by drawhole, implements to strengthen ore removal;
7, after section a large amount of ore drawings in ore deposit finish, transfer casting resin by the filling The Small Well in the artificial roof pillar, bashing changes the back production of next ore deposit section immediately over to after the sand off;
8, adopt cut, fall ore deposit, ore removal, packing job and carry out in that adjacent ore deposit section is parallel successively in phase respectively, stope advances continuously, drawing back.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, resource utilization improves greatly, and the job safety condition is good.
The invention process top, foundation mining in advance, and carry out consolidated fill layering dead zone, forming artificial roof pillar and foundation, the difficulty that this has been avoided reclaiming top end ore pillar on the one hand can increase substantially ore recovery ratio, makes full use of mineral resources; On the other hand, stope operating personnel and equipment are worked under artificial roof pillar, and safety improves widely.
2, work plane labor productivity is higher, and operating cost is low.
The present invention under the rock condition of unsteady ore deposit, adopt large diameter, deep borehole fall the ore deposit be one greatly the innovation, it is compared with the fall slicing and filling mining codes in ore deposit of traditional shallow bore hole or medium-length hole, the ore deposit efficient that falls increases substantially, thereby started the precedent that also can adopt the ore deposit high efficiency mining codes that fall in a large number under the ore deposit rock condition built on the sand, the production capacity of ore deposit section increases substantially, and the mining cost also correspondingly reduces.
3, can solve the insurmountable filling of traditional filling method and connect the inadequate problem in top.
By a plurality of The Small Wells in the artificial roof pillar, carry out multiple spot blanking filling, can solve the insurmountable filling of slicing and filling mining codes preferably and connect the inadequate problem in top.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a mining codes stope structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1.
Among the figure:
The ore 12-artificial sill pillar 13-drawhole 14-level haulageway 15-of 1-return aircourse 2-artificial roof pillar 3-filling ventilation manway shaft 4-drilling chamber 5-filling connecting taxiway 6-drilling chamber connecting taxiway 7-courtyard 8-dress crosscut, the ore deposit 9-large diameter, deep borehole 10-low grade cementitious matter 11-avalanche tunnel that undercuts
The specific embodiment:
Fig. 1-2 shows the stope structure of mining methods of the present invention.As shown in the figure, adopting the present invention's mining, earlier ore body is divided into the panel, be divided into the ore deposit section then, is the back production unit with the ore deposit section.At first tunnel a courtyard 7, the level haulageway 14 of bottom is communicated with the return aircourse 1 on top; On the upper and lower stage of ore body, 1 tunnels filling connecting taxiway 5 and dress crosscut, ore deposit 8 respectively with level haulageway 14 vertical orebody trends from the return aircourse, up to last web circle of ore body; Then, drilling chamber 4 horizontal positions in courtyard 7, drilling chamber connecting taxiway 6 of vertical orebody trend driving is to ore body, and highly add the size that the artificial roof pillar height is required by drilling chamber 4, with adopting to the level of filling connecting taxiway 5 on the shallow bore hole freeing mineral method, the ore under adopting is emitted from the bottom of courtyard 7; For guaranteeing to construct the required spatial altitude of artificial roof pillar 2, emit horizontal plane when ore and drop to drilling chamber 4 roof waters at ordinary times, stop ore drawing, smooth then ore, and on ore shop one deck thin plate and plastic sheeting, the concrete of the certain label of delayed filling is reserved a plurality of filling ventilation manway shafts 3 before; As the filling well in the ventilation in the exploitation process, People's Bank of China and goaf, concrete is all emitted following ore after a period of time maintenance, thereby has formed concrete artificial roof pillar 2 and the large diameter, deep borehole drilling chamber 4 that is positioned at its below naturally.
Up dig up mine stone to certain altitude from stage haulage way 14 usefulness shallow bore hole freeing mineral methods, use cemented filling material again, and reserve the drawhole 13 (or installing ore removal equipment) of trackless ore removal equipment, constructing concrete artificial sill pillar 12 as No. 20 concrete fillings; Then, the tunnel 15 that undercuts certainly undercuts, and drawhole 13 is expanded into funnel; Up caunch at the work plane that undercuts, form the space of certain altitude, as deep hole the fall compensation space or the explosion scope of freedom in ore deposit, the height that caunches will guarantee that there are enough compensation spaces in the deep hole ore deposit that falls.
The invention process top, foundation mining in advance, and carry out consolidated fill, forming artificial roof pillar and foundation, the difficulty that this has been avoided reclaiming top end ore pillar on the one hand can increase substantially ore recovery ratio, makes full use of mineral resources; On the other hand, stope operating personnel and equipment are in 2 times work of artificial roof pillar, and safety improves widely.
In the drilling chamber 4 under artificial roof pillar 2,,, and take corresponding guard aperture measure from the drilling chamber large diameter, deep borehole 9 of Drilling 110-165mm down with the rock drilling equipment of shearing broken rock; Before the back production, earlier several deep holes are carried out blasting in groups, in the section of ore deposit, form a cutting groove, fall under ore deposit or the spheric cartridge to ore caving implementing the side direction deep hole on the stage overall height then, realize the stope ore deposit that on the stage overall height, falls in a large number, the ore 11 of avalanche is transported through dress crosscut, ore deposit 8, level haulageway 14 by scraper by drawhole 13, implements to strengthen ore removal; Rock drilling under the artificial roof pillar that concrete is constructed, artificial roof is firm, job safety; With the rock drilling equipment Drilling large diameter, deep borehole of shearing broken rock, the rock drilling equipment boring of the broken rock of it and impact type relatively, the hole cracked degree of bed rock stone is little, concerning unsteady ore body, can corresponding raising guard aperture effect; Under the rock condition of unsteady ore deposit, adopt the large diameter, deep borehole ore deposit that falls, it is compared with the fall slicing and filling mining codes in ore deposit of traditional shallow bore hole or medium-length hole, the ore deposit efficient that falls increases substantially, also can adopt the ore deposit high efficiency mining that falls in a large number under the ore deposit rock condition built on the sand like this, the production capacity of ore deposit section increases substantially.
After the ore of ore deposit section avalanche is all emitted,,, and, change the back production circulation of next ore deposit section then in time with the whole goaf of low grade cemented filling material 10 fillings cheaply as drainage sump drawhole 13 sealings.
In the deposit mining process, to adopt cut, fall ore deposit, ore removal, packing job and carry out in that adjacent ore deposit section is parallel successively in phase respectively, stope advances continuously, drawing back.
The present invention adopts the ore deposit that falls in a large number, mechanization ore removal, and mining efficiency is very high; Bashing (not being a hierarchically filling of layering one) on full level interval improves pack effectiveness greatly, and process for stoping is simplified, and cycle time for working shortens; In addition, a plurality of filling ventilation manway shafts 3 by in the artificial roof pillar 2 carry out multiple spot blanking filling, can solve the insurmountable filling of slicing and filling mining codes preferably and connect the inadequate problem in top.
The present invention emphasizes that each inter process is coordinated, strengthened guard aperture mutually, strengthens ore removal, filling fast, thereby guarantees under the unsteady relatively condition of ore body, can realize high efficiency mining smoothly, and whole ore body can be realized continuous stoping, helps realizing rationally concentrating operation.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of top-bottom pillar mining in advance deep hole ore deposit continuous mining that falls is divided into the panel with ore body earlier, is divided into the ore deposit section then, is the back production unit with the ore deposit section, it is characterized in that:
1), the position of the fore-set in the section of ore deposit and foundation, with the layering of back production respectively of shallow bore hole freeing mineral method, then, use concrete filling, formation artificial roof pillar and artificial sill pillar;
2), in artificial roof pillar, reserve the The Small Well of certain specification, as the filling well in the ventilation in the exploitation process, manway shaft and goaf, and in the artificial sill pillar of bottom, reserve drawhole;
3), below artificial roof pillar, form the large diameter, deep borehole drilling chamber, on the top of artificial sill pillar, with shallow bore hole freeing mineral method formation deep hole the fall compensation space and the scope of freedom in ore deposit;
4), in drilling chamber with under rock drilling equipment (or other similar devices) Drilling of shearing broken rock to large diameter, deep borehole;
5), before the back production, earlier several deep holes are carried out blasting in groups, in the section of ore deposit, form a cutting groove, fall under ore deposit or the spheric cartridge to ore caving implementing the side direction deep hole on the stage overall height then;
6), under artificial roof pillar, the ore of a large amount of avalanches is transported by scraper by drawhole, implements to strengthen ore removal;
7), after a large amount of ore drawings of ore deposit section finish, transfer casting resin by the filling The Small Well in the artificial roof pillar, bashing changes the back production of next ore deposit section immediately over to after the sand off;
8), adopt cut, fall ore deposit, ore removal, packing job and carry out in that adjacent ore deposit section is parallel successively in phase respectively, stope advances continuously, drawing back.
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| CNB031244939A CN1260460C (en) | 2003-06-06 | 2003-06-06 | Continuous mining process with deep hole dropping and top-bottom pillars mining in advance |
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| CN100353029C (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2007-12-05 | 长沙矿山研究院 | Panel Unloading Layered Filling Mining Method |
| CN101818643A (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2010-09-01 | 中南大学 | Stepped non-pillar continuous filling mining method for deep well super high large breaking ore body panel |
| CN101328809B (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-12-15 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Non-bottom pillar deep hole falling-back type mining method |
| CN102155228A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-08-17 | 中南大学 | Fully-segmented presplitting squeezing primary-blasting mining method |
| CN102226396A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-10-26 | 中南大学 | Non-explosive mining method by excavation, artificial group-column reconstruction, long-hole caving and subsequent filling |
| CN102269554A (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2011-12-07 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Method for treating underground mine goaf by forming covering layer by chamber blasting technology |
| CN102678122A (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2012-09-19 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Improved inlet-route stoping method for large, thick and cracked ores under scattered body through top and bottom column |
| CN102817614A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-12-12 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | Stope structure arrangement mode suitable for underground mine high productivity and low cost subsequent filling |
| CN102844522A (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2012-12-26 | 技术资源有限公司 | Underground mining |
| CN103244140A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-08-14 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Method for arranging drilling chamber in backfill mining |
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| CN104533422A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 招金矿业股份有限公司夏甸金矿 | Noble metal mine pillar recovery method and timbering framework |
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| CN109751050A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-14 | 福州大学 | The continuous stratification method of mining by the way of filling is inlayed without muscle to bumps under one kind |
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| CN100353029C (en) * | 2006-09-30 | 2007-12-05 | 长沙矿山研究院 | Panel Unloading Layered Filling Mining Method |
| CN101328809B (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2010-12-15 | 深圳市中金岭南有色金属股份有限公司凡口铅锌矿 | Non-bottom pillar deep hole falling-back type mining method |
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| CN101818643B (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2012-06-27 | 中南大学 | Stepped non-pillar continuous filling mining method for deep well super high large breaking ore body panel |
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| CN103437766A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | In-situ fragmentation mining method |
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| CN106884658A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-06-23 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of artificial polycrystalline substance construction method of stope |
| CN106884658B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-11-27 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of artificial bottom structure construction method of stope |
| CN107131805B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2019-04-19 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for improving ore removal grade of underground caving stope |
| CN107131805A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-05 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method for improving ore removal grade of underground caving stope |
| CN107829743B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-09-20 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Improved mining method for steeply inclined thin veins |
| CN107829743A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-03-23 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Improved mining method for steeply inclined thin veins |
| CN109751050A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-14 | 福州大学 | The continuous stratification method of mining by the way of filling is inlayed without muscle to bumps under one kind |
| CN110388209A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-29 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of high-dipping bilayer ore body stage deep hole mining method |
| CN110984989A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-04-10 | 中南大学 | Mining method of steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body |
| CN110905515A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-03-24 | 南华大学 | Combined filling mining method for complex ore body |
| CN111997616A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-11-27 | 中南大学 | Method for continuously recycling residual top-bottom column by adopting large section |
| CN111997616B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-05-18 | 中南大学 | Method for continuously recycling residual top-bottom column by adopting large section |
| CN112282837A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 中冶沈勘秦皇岛工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Novel underground mine mining and charging arrangement form |
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