CN1447458A - 一种电池 - Google Patents

一种电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1447458A
CN1447458A CN03108863A CN03108863A CN1447458A CN 1447458 A CN1447458 A CN 1447458A CN 03108863 A CN03108863 A CN 03108863A CN 03108863 A CN03108863 A CN 03108863A CN 1447458 A CN1447458 A CN 1447458A
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battery
zinc
copper
battery according
coated
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E·布劳恩格尔
K·霍尔
B·克雷德勒
D·伊利克
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VARTA Microbattery GmbH
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VARTA Microbattery GmbH
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Publication of CN1447458A publication Critical patent/CN1447458A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
    • H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/109—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure of button or coin shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/1243—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the internal coating on the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/131—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas permeability, size or heat resistance
    • H01M50/133—Thickness
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/155—Lids or covers characterised by the material
    • H01M50/164—Lids or covers characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/12—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with flat electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/22—Immobilising of electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0085—Immobilising or gelification of electrolyte

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种具有碱性电解液和锌负电极的电池，其具有纽扣电池形式的外壳，其中至少电池帽的外表面涂覆了不含镍的Cu－Sn合金，或者是不含镍的Cu－Sn－Zn合金。该合金含有20到90％的铜，具体地，50到60％的铜，其余为锡。或者是含有50到60％的铜，25到35％的锡，其余是锌。

Description

一种电池
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有碱性电解液和锌负电极的电池，电池具有纽扣电池形式的外壳。
背景技术
具有碱性电解液和纽扣形式的电池一般设置锌粉末复合成的凝胶作为负电极，所谓的“锌-空气电池”设置了气体扩散电极作为正电极，在密封的纽扣电池的情况下，例如，可用氧化锰或氧化银作为活性化合物。
这种纽扣电池的覆盖其锌电极的钢或不锈钢外壳的内表面一般涂复铜，而外表面有镍涂层。这种类型的三金属电池帽在日本专利申请JP 61061364 A1中给予了公开。外壳内表面的铜涂层中的铜，例如，可与铟合金化；或者在铜涂层上再涂复一层铟，以便增加氢过电压并抑制氢的释放，尽管锌电极具有很低的汞含量。这种类型的纽扣电池所产生的特殊问题是随时间过去具有很强渗透倾向的碱性电解液会渗入覆盖负电极的外壳的电池帽部分和密封件之间。如果这种情况发生，电解液还将接触外壳的切边和外壳的涂复了镍的外表面。使氢出现不希望的释放。尽管已作了许多努力，如施加粘性化合物到密封区附近，来防止碱性电解液渗透到该区域，但这些努力没有得到任何可靠和可重现的结果。
发明内容
本发明致力于解决所述问题的措施，使得使用碱性电解液的这种纽扣电池进一步抑制释放气体的倾向。
在前面提到类型的纽扣电池的情况下，所述问题的解决是通过权利要求1和2所述的特征方式来解决的。附属权利要求阐明了本发明的优选实施例。
根据本发明的纽扣电池，覆盖锌-凝胶负电极的电池帽的至少外表面涂复了不含镍的Cu-Sn合金。如果相同的涂层也施加到电池帽的内表面和电池外壳另一半的杯状件的内表面是最好不过了。如果需要，杯状件的外表面也涂复相同的涂层。
涂层最好是由含有20到90％的铜和锡，其余是锌的Cu-Sn合金组成。
所述涂层的适当选择是含有20到60％铜，40到50％锡的合金，或者是含有75到85％铜，15到25％锡的合金。本发明的合金范围还包括含有50到60％铜，25到35％锡，其余是锌，如15％锌的合金，或含有75到85％铜，8到12％锡，其余是锌，如5％锌的合金。
这些合金具有足够高的硬度，其硬度类似于镍涂层；抗腐蚀性能和低接触电阻，还应注意到其具有微小晶粒的均匀的晶体结构。
附图说明
下面将根据附图对本发明的目的进行更详细的介绍。
图1显示了具有电池帽2和杯状件5的典型的碱性纽扣电池。包含碱性电解液的锌凝胶6构成了电负性活性化合物，其位于外壳的电池帽的部分，最好是使用没有汞的锌。电池帽2和杯状件5互相是电绝缘的，并通过密封件1进行装配，相对于环境是密封的。在所示的锌-空气电池中，气体扩散电极7位于外壳的杯状件的一半5。电池的杯状件5设有允许空气进入的孔8。
图2是图1所示电池的部分放大剖视图。
具体实施方式
如上所述，碱性电解液在电池使用寿命期间可能渗入密封件的附近，从而通过间隙3到达电池帽的切边4。因此可接触通常设置在电池外壳的帽部分2的镍涂层，这将导致气体释放。研究表明，与具有传统的三金属帽的锌-空气电池相比，具有涂复了铜-锡合金的帽的锌-空气电池具有非常低的气体释放速率。例如，两种类型的电池在60℃的温度下储存一个月，然后测试其氢释放速率并进行比较。显示出储存后的根据本发明的电池在空气可进入的孔8的附近没有气泡，孔8由半透明的粘性薄片密封，用于检查可能存在的气泡。
应用根据本发明的涂层，至少在纽扣型电池的帽外表面不含有镍可极大地抑制氢的释放和带来另外的好处，这就是电池外表面不含镍能够与使用者的皮肤发生剧烈反应的镍离子不再由于腐蚀发生而出现在外壳表面。

Claims (10)

1.一种具有碱性电解液和锌负电极的电池，其具有纽扣电池形式的外壳，其特征在于，至少电池帽(2)的外表面涂复了不含镍的Cu-Sn合金。
2.一种具有碱性电解液和锌负电极的电池，其具有纽扣电池形式的外壳，其特征在于，至少电池帽(2)的外表面涂复了不含镍的Cu-Sn-Zn合金。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述合金含有20到90％的铜。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述合金含有50到60％的铜，其余是锡。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电池，其特征在于，所述合金含有75到85％的铜，其余是锡。
6.根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述合金含有50到60％的铜，25到35％的锡，其余是锌。
7.根据权利要求2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述合金含有75到85％的铜，8到12％的锡，其余是锌。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述电池帽(2)的外和内表面都涂复了所述合金。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其特征在于，除了所述电池帽(2)的外和内表面涂复了所述合金外，所述电池杯状件(5)的外或内表面也涂复了所述合金。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其特征在于，所述涂层的厚度在0.05到10微米的范围。
CN03108863A 2002-03-27 2003-03-27 一种电池 Pending CN1447458A (zh)

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DE10213686A DE10213686A1 (de) 2002-03-27 2002-03-27 Galvanisches Element
DE10213686.6 2002-03-27

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KR (1) KR20030078000A (zh)
CN (1) CN1447458A (zh)
DE (1) DE10213686A1 (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100429804C (zh) * 2005-05-31 2008-10-29 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种用于圆柱形锌镍二次电池的组合盖帽
CN101536211B (zh) * 2006-11-01 2011-12-07 永备电池有限公司 具有减少的放气的碱性电化学电池
CN103262296A (zh) * 2010-10-16 2013-08-21 瓦尔达微电池有限责任公司 具有爆炸防护的纽扣电池
CN107534100A (zh) * 2016-01-12 2018-01-02 松下知识产权经营株式会社 硬币形电池
CN111613738A (zh) * 2020-05-21 2020-09-01 昆山兴能能源科技有限公司 一种阻断电解质渗漏的扣式电池及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE486379T1 (de) * 2005-04-29 2010-11-15 Eveready Battery Inc Anodengehäuse für eine alkalizelle
EP2036144B1 (en) * 2006-06-08 2010-01-13 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Tin-plated anode casings for alkaline cells
US20080226976A1 (en) * 2006-11-01 2008-09-18 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Alkaline Electrochemical Cell with Reduced Gassing
DE102007018259A1 (de) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-16 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Knopfzelle mit beschichteter Außenseite
KR101783686B1 (ko) 2010-11-17 2017-10-10 루바타 아플레톤 엘엘씨 알칼리 집전체 애노드
EP3432382B1 (de) * 2017-07-19 2019-11-27 VARTA Microbattery GmbH Metall/luft-zelle in knopfzellenform und herstellungsverfahren

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07302581A (ja) * 1994-03-08 1995-11-14 Seiko Instr Inc アルカリ電池
JPH08222194A (ja) * 1995-02-15 1996-08-30 Hitachi Maxell Ltd ボタン形アルカリ電池
JPH09161740A (ja) * 1995-12-12 1997-06-20 Sony Corp ボタン形アルカリ電池
US6830847B2 (en) * 2001-04-10 2004-12-14 The Gillette Company Zinc/air cell

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100429804C (zh) * 2005-05-31 2008-10-29 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种用于圆柱形锌镍二次电池的组合盖帽
CN101536211B (zh) * 2006-11-01 2011-12-07 永备电池有限公司 具有减少的放气的碱性电化学电池
CN103262296A (zh) * 2010-10-16 2013-08-21 瓦尔达微电池有限责任公司 具有爆炸防护的纽扣电池
US9178251B2 (en) 2010-10-16 2015-11-03 Varta Microbattery Gmbh Button cell having bursting protection
CN103262296B (zh) * 2010-10-16 2016-03-02 瓦尔达微电池有限责任公司 具有爆炸防护的纽扣电池
CN107534100A (zh) * 2016-01-12 2018-01-02 松下知识产权经营株式会社 硬币形电池
US10629859B2 (en) 2016-01-12 2020-04-21 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Coin-shaped battery
CN111613738A (zh) * 2020-05-21 2020-09-01 昆山兴能能源科技有限公司 一种阻断电解质渗漏的扣式电池及其制备方法

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Publication number Publication date
EP1365459A2 (de) 2003-11-26
DE10213686A1 (de) 2003-10-09
US20030211387A1 (en) 2003-11-13
JP2004031321A (ja) 2004-01-29
KR20030078000A (ko) 2003-10-04
EP1365459A3 (de) 2004-06-16

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