CN1441738A - 具有手动备用装置的车辆控制装置 - Google Patents

具有手动备用装置的车辆控制装置 Download PDF

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CN1441738A
CN1441738A CN01807954A CN01807954A CN1441738A CN 1441738 A CN1441738 A CN 1441738A CN 01807954 A CN01807954 A CN 01807954A CN 01807954 A CN01807954 A CN 01807954A CN 1441738 A CN1441738 A CN 1441738A
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hand lever
round
lever device
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vehicle
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CN1261322C (zh
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汉德克斯·扬·卡帕恩
爱德华德斯·赫拉尔杜斯·玛丽亚·霍尔韦格
奥雷洛·内尔沃
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SKF Industrial Trading and Development Co BV
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05G—CONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G9/00—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously
    • G05G9/02—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only
    • G05G9/04—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously
    • G05G9/047—Manually-actuated control mechanisms provided with one single controlling member co-operating with two or more controlled members, e.g. selectively, simultaneously the controlling member being movable in different independent ways, movement in each individual way actuating one controlled member only in which movement in two or more ways can occur simultaneously the controlling member being movable by hand about orthogonal axes, e.g. joysticks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/20—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of steering systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/16—Steering columns
    • B62D1/163—Part of the steering column replaced by flexible means, e.g. cable or belt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
    • B62D5/003—Backup systems, e.g. for manual steering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0442—Conversion of rotational into longitudinal movement
    • B62D5/0445—Screw drives
    • B62D5/0448—Ball nuts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/20—Steering systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02—Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20207—Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
    • Y10T74/20256—Steering and controls assemblies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396—Hand operated

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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Steering Mechanism (AREA)
  • Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)

Abstract

用于道路车辆的电驱动和控制转向、和/或加速和/或减速的手动的控制装置，包括把手装置、传感器，上述传感器用于测量对应于车辆的希望转向方向、和/或加速和/或减速施加到上述把手装置上的力和/或运动，手动杆装置包括至少一个机械连接，以便在没有电能的条件下，例如在电源失效或者切断电源、维护、车库驻车等情况下，用于车辆的机械式转向、和或加速和/或减速(例如维持驻车等)，所述手动杆装置围绕着至少一个轴旋转或者回转以便致动所述至少一个机械连接。

Description

具有手动备用装置的车辆控制装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于道路车辆的电动驱动转向、和/或加速和/或减速的手动控制装置的技术领域。由于最近电动机械致动器的发展，例如用于驱动车辆制动器、转向柱、离合器的螺旋致动器的发展，这样的车辆控制装置变得更加重要。
背景技术
标准致动器等的纯机械控制装置依靠机械的或液力的联结，例如在致动器、旋转的转向柱情况下的液力管道。另外，连接到减速踏板上的柔性的线缆或者杆驱动装置也是已知的。
可是需要面对的是，在手动控制装置也适合于其电动特性的情况下，将会得到电动转向装置等的全部有利之处。这将允许对通过车辆的控制命令的线路进行更加柔性的设计选择，这也将减少费用。另一方面，将不损坏车辆的整体安全性能，特别是在可能出现电力中断的情况下。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是提供一种手动控制装置，其特别适合于近期的转向、制动、加速等装置的电动特性，并且也能够确保所要求的安全水平。
本发明的上述发明目的通过提供一种手动控制装置来实现，该手动控制装置用于道路车辆的电驱动和控制转向、和/或加速和/或减速，包括把手装置、传感器，上述传感器用于测量对应于车辆的希望转向方向、和/或加速和/或减速施加到上述把手装置上的力和/或运动，手动杆装置包括至少一个机械连接，以便在没有电能的条件下，例如在电源失效或者切断电源、维护、车库驻车等情况下，用于车辆的机械式转向、和或加速和/或减速(例如维持驻车等)，所述手动杆装置围绕着至少一个轴旋转或者回转以便致动所述至少一个机械连接。
根据本发明的手动控制装置首先包括被人手操作的把手装置以便提供需要的转向、和/或加速和/或减速信号。这些信号能够通过电缆被传送到各自的电动机械致动装置上，这将允许柔性的线路设计。此外，手动控制装置包括用于每一功能的机械备用装置，这将在电力中断的情况下确保车辆的安全性。这一般是用于紧急得情况下，但是也可以在一些诸如维护、车库驻车的情况下使用。
在车辆的机械控制期间，施加在把手装置上的控制力应当保持在用于驾驶员的限度内，以便保持对车辆的控制。因此，优选的是，把手装置位于手动杆装置的一端，手动杆装置的另一端围绕着至少一个轴回转并且包括机械连接，在手动杆装置围绕着所述轴回转时该机械连接提供移动和/或转动。
特别的是，所述手动杆装置围绕着两个非平行的轴回转且包括两个机械连接，在手动杆装置围绕着相应的轴回转时每个机械连接提供移动和/或转动。这样手动操作的控制杆提供足够高的旋转转矩用于车辆的转向，在同一时间由驾驶员施加的操作力能够保持在限度之内。
根据优选的实施例，设置有支撑装置，该支撑装置装载有具有第一回转轴的第一回转件，第二回转件被设置在第一回转件上并且具有相对于第一回转轴横向设置的第二回转轴，手动杆装置被连接到第二回转件上，止动装置使手动杆装置相对于支撑装置在通常操作和接通电源的情况下停止运动，而在电源失效的情况下进行回转运动。
在通常的操作下，车辆的控制通过把手装置的电传感器来全部实现，例如提供所要求的转向、减速和/或加速的操纵杆。在电力失效的情况下，把手装置能够进行附加的回转运动以便以纯粹的机械方式执行这些功能。
所述止动装置可以包括电磁耦合件。
尽管对电动机械致动器的控制已经进行了参考，根据本发明还可以通过手动控制装置对电动液力致动器进行控制。
附图说明
下面将参考附图进一步描述本发明的电动机械转向设备。
图1显示了根据本发明的装备有用于电动转向和制动装置的手动控制装置的车辆的总体布局；
图2显示了根据本发明的电动转向装置的总体布局；
图3显示了螺旋致动器的截面视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中显示的车辆包括转向致动器1，以及靠近驾驶员座椅设置的操纵杆26，转向致动器1被连接到车辆的前轮上。此外，设置有电动机械制动致动器28以便控制在车辆的所有车轮上的盘式制动器，该致动器28也可以被操纵杆26控制。电动机械鼓式制动器也可以形成为整体电动制动系统的一部分。
操纵杆26被连接到电控单元27上，该电控单元27通过驱动动态控制器29对螺旋致动器1的电动机2进行控制。
操纵杆26还根据来自车轮速度传感器30的接收信号来控制电动机械制动致动器28。此外，还装配了传感器31来监控驱动状态，所有传感器被连接到传感器电控装置32上。
如图2所示，控制单元27通过线缆33接收与诸如作用在螺旋致动器1的载荷、及其部件的移动和/或旋转相关的信号。通过线缆34，控制单元27接收来自操纵杆26的信号。根据这些信号，通过线缆25对电动机2进行控制以用于致动螺旋致动器1。
操纵杆26被安装在控制杆23的自由端，该控制杆23可以围绕着在旋转点24上的垂直轴线转动。此外，控制杆23可以围绕着铰接件36的水平枢转轴线枢转。
通过止动装置25，例如电磁耦合装置，控制杆23，于是在通常条件下操纵杆26被保持在通常的位置上，也即在通电的时候。
在没有电流的情况下，即在切断电流或者电源失效的时候，电磁耦合件25被释放以及通过操纵杆26操纵控制杆23，通过旋转点24的转动被施加在柔性的线缆4上，该线缆4能够传递扭矩。
另外，柔性线缆可以这样驱动螺旋致动器1，即仍然可以进行转向动作。
此外，还设置了柔性制动线缆37，在没有电能的情况下，其可以通过控制杆23围绕着铰接件36的转动被控制。柔性线缆37被连接到制动致动器28上，但是没有进行更加详细的显示。
致动器可以通过旋转的螺母和移动的螺杆或者通过移动的螺母和旋转的螺杆来运行。
如图3所示，螺旋致动器1被容纳在壳体19上，该壳体19被不可旋转地相对于诸如车辆的底盘被安装。螺母12不可移动地固定在壳体12内。螺杆13通过滚珠38被可旋转和移动地支撑在螺母12内，该滚珠38与在螺母12和螺杆13中的相应形状的螺纹啮合。
螺旋致动器1通过电动机2被致动，两个小锥齿轮39驱动第一减速锥齿轮40，该第一减速锥齿轮40围绕着螺杆13设置。锥齿轮40通过轴承41被旋转支撑。锥齿轮40与恒星齿轮8形成为一体，其也可以与行星齿轮10啮合。壳体1装载有固定的环形齿轮9，该环形齿轮9也与行星齿轮10啮合。
行星齿轮10被旋转地安装在支架11上，该支架11通过键/滚珠机构20能够转动螺杆13。
锥齿轮30、40以及行星齿轮机构8-11提供用于驱动螺旋致动器1的电机旋转的必须的减速。
在电力中断的情况下，电动机2不能再驱动螺旋致动器1。为此，提供了机械式备用系统，其包括连接到电磁耦合件6上的柔性线缆4。在在电力中断的情况下，这个电磁耦合件6将柔性线缆4连接到辅助驱动(锥)齿轮14上。辅助驱动齿轮14与围绕螺杆13的锥齿轮21啮合。锥齿轮21与辅助支架15形成为一体，通过轴承42相对于壳体被可转动地支撑。
支架15上装载有辅助行星齿轮16，辅助行星齿轮16与固定的辅助环形齿轮17啮合，以及与和支架11成为一体的辅助恒星齿轮18相啮合。
借助于柔性线缆通过控制杆23的转动(参见图2)，螺杆13于是可以被机械旋转。
锥齿轮14、21或者其它适合的齿轮传动机构优选地加速齿轮。

Claims (7)

1.用于道路车辆的电驱动和控制转向、和/或加速和/或减速的手动的控制装置，包括把手装置(1)、传感器，上述传感器用于测量对应于车辆的希望转向方向、和/或加速和/或减速施加到上述把手装置上的力和/或运动，手动杆装置(2)包括至少一个机械连接(3，4)，以便在没有电能的条件下，例如在电源失效或者切断电源、维护、车库驻车等情况下，用于车辆的机械式转向、和或加速和/或减速(例如维持驻车等)，所述手动杆装置(2)围绕着至少一个轴(5，6)旋转或者回转以便致动所述至少一个机械连接(3，4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的控制装置，其特征在于，把手装置(1)位于手动杆装置(2)的一端，手动杆装置(2)的另一端围绕着至少一个轴(5，6)回转并且包括机械连接(3，4)，在手动杆装置(2)围绕着所述轴(5，6)回转时该机械连接(3，4)提供移动和/或转动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的控制装置，其特征在于，所述手动杆装置(2)围绕着两个非平行的轴(5，6)回转且包括两个机械连接(3，4)，在手动杆装置(2)围绕着相应的轴(5，6)回转时每个机械连接(3，4)提供移动和/或转动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的控制装置，其特征在于，设置有支撑装置(7)，该支撑装置(7)装载有具有第一回转轴(6)的第一回转件(8)，第二回转件(9)被设置在第一回转件(8)上并且具有相对于第一回转轴(6)横向设置的第二回转轴(5)，手动杆装置(2)被连接到第二回转件(9)上，止动装置(10)使手动杆装置(2)相对于支撑装置(7)在通常操作和接通电源的情况下停止运动，而在电源失效的情况下进行回转运动。
5.根据权利要求4所述的控制装置，其特征在于，所述止动装置包括电磁耦合件(10)。
6.根据权利要求4所述的控制装置，其特征在于，手动杆装置(2)与在回转件(8，9)上的齿轮减速装置啮合。
7.根据前述权利要求之一所述的控制装置，其特征在于，把手装置(1)是带有或者不带有一体按钮的操纵杆。
CNB018079547A 2000-04-11 2001-04-11 具有手动备用装置的车辆控制装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1261322C (zh)

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CN109159848A (zh) * 2018-08-23 2019-01-08 杭州容大智造科技有限公司 具有手刹方向控制机构的驻车系统

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CN107839666A (zh) * 2017-11-15 2018-03-27 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 具有自锁功能的手刹装置
CN107839666B (zh) * 2017-11-15 2023-05-12 力帆实业(集团)股份有限公司 具有自锁功能的手刹装置
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JP2003530266A (ja) 2003-10-14
DE60101842T2 (de) 2004-12-16
CN1261322C (zh) 2006-06-28
WO2001076932A1 (en) 2001-10-18
EP1272384A1 (en) 2003-01-08
NL1014912C2 (nl) 2001-10-12
US20030173136A1 (en) 2003-09-18
EP1272384B1 (en) 2004-01-21
DE60101842D1 (de) 2004-02-26
US7021416B2 (en) 2006-04-04
AU2001250654A1 (en) 2001-10-23
KR20020089441A (ko) 2002-11-29

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