CN1432267A

CN1432267A - Cultivating method of dwarf late shaddock tree

Info

Publication number: CN1432267A
Application number: CN 02113229
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭永红
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-01-13
Filing date: 2002-01-13
Publication date: 2003-07-30

Abstract

The dwarf late shaddock tree is cultivated through first grafting the bud-variation spring top of late white shaddock onto common shaddock tree to cultivate branch with bud variation and then grafting on the source shaddock sapling to cultivate dwarf late shaddock tree. It is planted in garden in 110-220 plants each mu, and erect main stem is cut and three side main branches are cultivated to form natural heart-opened tree crown. The dwarf late shaddock tree is short and high in yield, and the mature period of the shaddock is two months later than one of common shaddock.

Description

The breeding method of dwarf late shaddock tree

The present invention relates to the breeding method of a planting fruit-trees.

The shaddock fruit trees of China's development always is various in style, goes on foot shaddock, Dianjiang shaddock etc. such as shatian pomelo, Pengxi shaddock, red heart shaddock, Liangping shaddock, Yuhuan pomelo, ZhangZhou shaddock, Pengzhou shaddock, five.In these kinds, precocity accounts for 19%, in ripely account for 80%, late-maturingly only account for 1%.In ripe shaddock ripening period, the continuous ripe mutually listing of Citrus fruits such as red tangerine, navel orange, ponkan forms the mashed city of fruit, selling price is low, orchard worker's phenomenon that Higher output is not accompanied by a higher income.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of dwarf late shaddock tree, cultivate the good shaddock tree of a kind of morning of knot, high yield, late-maturing, anti-season listing, guarantee orchard worker's increasing both production and income, satisfy people's requirement of living.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

The breeding method of dwarf late shaddock tree: in the spring in (1), every year, the spring tip grafting that the short and small and fruitful short Wanbai pummelo that bud mutation has taken place of selection tree crown is set is cultivated the branch that bud mutation takes place on common grapefruit.(2), sow sour teak seed in ground, seedbed at the beginning of annual 1 month, cover plastic foil insulation vernalization, cultivate rootstock seedling.In March, be transplanted in the nursery lot 15～20 centimeters of line-spacings, 6～7 centimeters of spacing in the rows to 5～10 centimeters rootstock seedling with long.(3), carry out bud grafting 8～September then, with the generation cultivated the branch spring tip of bud mutation cut a bud grafting on the rootstock seedling of strain acid shaddock, with stock and scion cut to shape layer by layer, the cutting angle unanimity, the alignment back is with the good grafting of plastic foil looping portion.(4), March of next year, before the spring tip is sprouted, cut anvil near bud grafting place 5～10mm on grafting mouth top, by the end of September, the grafting in the nursery lot is moved to field planting, plant by 2～3 meters of line-spacings, 1.5～2 meters of spacing in the rows, 110～220 strain/mus.(5), the pruning of bearing-age tree, cut off upright major branch, keep 3 side direction scaffold limbs, form the natural open centre shape tree crown.Fertilising, the deinsectization evil of in good time watering, the good short late shaddock orchard of the management of protecting a forest.

The present invention has easy to operation; Only 1～2 meter of the short late teak height of cultivating, happy shape tree crown, floor space is little, suitable dense planting, 110～220 strains of can planting of every mu of ground, 15～45 of every strain results, fruit weighs 2～4 kilograms/, and single shaddock is than Wanbai pummelo weightening finish 30～80%, output height; Ripe before the Spring Festival, than the maturing stage of Wanbai pummelo late 1～2 month, filled up the seasonal rare of fruit; Best in quality, the little yellow of pulp, mouthfeel is good, tender and crisp succulence, the aromatization slag, contained soluble solid increases by 15～25% than Wanbai pummelo; Fruit tree adaptability is strong, and Plain fertile soil, headland, bare hills and mountains all can be planted; The fruit enduring store property is good, and storage is more than half a year down with plastic bag packaging normal temperature, and fresh preservation with branches can not fall fruit in 6～12 months.Suitable southern orchard worker plants application.

The present invention further describes below with reference to embodiment:

Through long-term observation, in all Wanbai pummelo trees in the whole county, found that a strain tree crown is short and small, fruitful Wanbai pummelo is set every year.Cut its spring tip grafting 92 year spring on common big grapefruit, 93 year spring with grafting in the generation on the common grapefruit branch of bud mutation cut grafting on sour shaddock anvil and cultivate short late shaddock seedling, arrive short late shaddock transplantation of seedlings in the different soil in September, 93, plant by 1.5～2 meters of 2～3 meters of line-spacings, spacing in the rows, 110～220 meters/mu, water, fertilising, the management of desinsection evil in good time.These short late shaddocks have all been tried the bow structure fruit after 3 years.So far this batch fruit tree height of tree is about 2 meters, sets short about 1 meter than the Wanbai pummelo of planting the same year.15 shaddocks are produced in 97 annual strains, 31 of average every strain results of calendar year 2001, and nearly 45, result quantities increases year after year.Short late shaddock fruit is respectively at obtaining national high-quality shaddock class " golden cup prize " twice in November, 99, calendar year 2001 November.Just progressively promote cultivating and growing at present to southern area of China.

Claims

The breeding method of dwarf late shaddock tree is characterized in that:

(1), annual spring, the spring tip grafting of selecting the short and small and fruitful short Wanbai pummelo tree that bud mutation taken place of tree crown is cultivated the branch that bud mutation takes place on common grapefruit;

(2), sow sour teak seed in ground, seedbed at the beginning of annual 1 month, cover plastic foil insulation vernalization, cultivate rootstock seedling; In March, be transplanted in the nursery lot 15～20 centimeters of line-spacings, 6～7 centimeters of spacing in the rows to 5～10 centimeters rootstock seedling with long;

(3), carry out bud grafting 8～September then, with the generation cultivated the branch spring tip of bud mutation cut a bud grafting on strain acid shaddock rootstock seedling, with stock and scion cut to shape layer by layer, the cutting angle unanimity, the alignment back is with the good grafting of plastic foil looping portion;

(4), March of next year, before the spring tip is sprouted, cut anvil near bud grafting place 5～10mm on grafting mouth top, by the end of September, the grafting in the nursery lot is moved to field planting, plant by 2～3 meters of line-spacings, 1.5～2 meters of spacing in the rows, 110～220 strain/mus;

(5), the pruning of bearing-age tree, cut off upright major branch, keep 3 side direction scaffold limbs, form the natural open centre shape tree crown.