CN1414886A - 结合在织物材料中的长余辉磷光体 - Google Patents

结合在织物材料中的长余辉磷光体 Download PDF

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CN1414886A
CN1414886A CN00818075A CN00818075A CN1414886A CN 1414886 A CN1414886 A CN 1414886A CN 00818075 A CN00818075 A CN 00818075A CN 00818075 A CN00818075 A CN 00818075A CN 1414886 A CN1414886 A CN 1414886A
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B·K·莫茨
R·H·米勒
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GLOBAL PRODUCTS SALTS AND MARKETING LLC
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Abstract

一种将长余辉磷光体(10)结合进织物材料(20)中的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:在熔炉内烧制磷光体,然后将得到的聚积体研磨成指定大小的磷光体颗粒,将所述磷光体颗粒包封在不透水的涂层材料中,然后将指定重量比的所述包封的磷光体颗粒(10)应用于纤维材料(20)中。另外,描述了一种结合了包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒(10)的纤维制品(20)。

Description

结合在织物材料中的长余辉磷光体
                       发明背景
                       发明领域
本发明一般涉及磷光基材料,更具体而言,本发明涉及在织物材料中结合长余辉磷光体的方法及该方法的产品。
                       现有技术描述
各种类型的磷光体材料是本领域众所周知的,并且它们提供不同持久性的发光。磷光体材料的通常目的是提供一种发光源,该发光源利用间歇的光辐射和/或非连续的辐射光。
尽管如上所述的磷光体材料的存在是本领域相当熟悉的,但目前的趋势是确定长余辉磷光体的有用的应用领域,该磷光体在周期性的光辐射后能够产生足够的光照明。
                       发明概述
为了将长余辉磷光体结合进织物材料中,本发明详细描述了一种将长余辉磷光体结合进织物材料中的方法,该方法包括下列步骤:烧制掺杂的磷光体,将得到的磷光体研磨成指定大小的磷光体颗粒,将所述磷光体颗粒包封在不透水的涂层材料中,然后将指定重量比的所述包封的磷光体颗粒应用于纤维主体材料中。
另外,描述了一种结合了包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒的纤维制品。
还提供了一种可通过所述的将长余辉磷光体结合进纤维主体材料中的方法得到的纤维制品。
                      附图简要说明
在阅读下面的详细说明时,将要参考所附的图解,其中在数个视图中,相同的参考数字是指相同的部分,并且其中:
图1是按照本发明制备结合了长余辉磷光体的纤维主体材料的示意图。
                   优选实施方案详述
本发明是在纤维主体材料中结合长余辉磷光体的方法及通过该方法生产的产品。大量的不同织造纤维材料能够利用所述磷光材料。非限定性地,纤维可以包括尼龙、人造丝、人造纤维、天然纤维如棉、羊毛、黄麻、亚麻、丝、聚酯纤维、聚烯烃纤维和塑料纤维、纤维素、乙酸纤维素、聚酰胺、乙酸酯、丙烯酸类、聚丙烯酸类、芳族聚酰胺、人造蛋白质纤维、改良丙烯酸纤维、nonoloid、乙酸乙烯酯与1,1-二氰基乙烯共聚物(nytril)、烯烃、SPANDEX、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯塑料、橡胶、聚丁二烯、复合纤维如Rhovyl Eco,它是由Rhovyl制造的乙烯基纤维和羊毛的复合物。
所述的长余辉磷光材料可由本领域已知的大量不同的化学组合物中的任何一种构成。本文所用的术语“长余辉”是指磷光寿命大于1分钟。所述磷光体一般以粉末或颗粒材料形式提供,在一个例子中,可以包括石灰绿磷光体,以Nemoto Luminova的商品名被生产,并且由铝酸锶材料构成。另外的Luminova色彩包括蓝色,它由铝酸钙锶配方构成,并且掺杂铕。
其它磷光体可具体地包括硫化锶材料,它在惰性熔炉中烧制,在选定的升高的温度下烧制预定的时间。为实现需要水平的长余辉以及给定的色彩,向磷光体中加入掺杂剂。尽管一般在烧制前将掺杂剂前体与磷光体前体形成淤浆,但是应该意识到,通过使烧制过的磷光体暴露于掺杂剂,掺杂剂也可以插入到磷光体内。例如,通过溶液表面涂布或离子注入,可以实现烧制后的掺杂剂加入。使用不同掺杂剂的试验已经确定,铕掺杂剂可以实现具有橙/红色彩的余辉磷光体。掺杂剂的存在量一般为0.1~5%原子。经常需要包括第二掺杂剂以提高余辉寿命或改变磷光体色彩。如本领域众所周知的那样,其它类型的掺杂剂可以包括氧化铝、氧化镧、镧系元素、主族金属阳离子、氟化物、氯化物和溴化物,并且能够产生具有浅黄和红紫色调的余辉磷光体。而且,使用各种百分比的钙和锶硫化物可以得到另外的更纯红色的色调。
在熔炉烧制掺杂的磷光体后,所述余辉磷光体组合物干燥并变回岩石样的形式。然后进行碾碎和研磨操作,使平均颗粒域大小降低至优选的9~60微米范围。更优选地,颗粒平均域大小为9~45微米。某些应用要求颗粒大小在某些情况下降低到低达1微米大小。在将磷光材料引入到主体材料中之前,希望将它们涂布或包封以确保其长期性能。已经发现,随着时间的推移,湿气会降低磷光体保持其长期性能的能力。
因此,可以采用一种或多种包封技术来涂覆各个磷光体颗粒。第一种包封是通过在800℃的烧制温度下应用氧化硅而提供的。氟化物材料可以与氧化硅同时或分开应用。一般地,约700℃的烧制温度最适合使用氟化物。其它的包封技术可以采用在己烷或庚烷溶剂中的有机氯硅烷。包封所述材料的工艺步骤一般包括:以合适的比例混合涂层粉末和基材粉末,在指定的温度下将所述混合的粉末烧制所限定的时间,洗涤烧制的粉末以除去芯粉末的未被涂布的部分,并干燥洗涤过的粉末。还有其它的包封技术,采用透明的不透水材料来涂布长余辉磷光体颗粒。这样的材料例如包括聚氨酯和环氧基树脂。另外的包封技术详述于例如U.S.P.4,710,674;5,049,408;5,196,229;5,118,529;5,113,118和5,220,341。
再参考前面陈述的织物材料以及图1,所述包封的磷光体颗粒图示为10。在将主体纤维20织成衣物或制品前,将所述包封的长余辉磷光体10附着在主体纤维20上。可以通过共价键或非共价键,采用化学结合的方法将所述包封的长余辉磷光体结合进主体材料中。例如,将包封的长余辉磷光体用硅烷涂布,可赋予其正电荷。具有负电荷的纤维将会与该硅烷处理的包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒结合。应该指出,所述包封层可以被衍生化,以暴露出能够与纤维结合的化学片段,按照本发明,所述化学片段包括例如羧基、羰基、羟基、酰胺、胺、氨基、醚、酯、环氧、氰酸酯、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、巯基、二硫化物、氧化物、重氮、碘、磺基或具有化学或潜化学反应性的类似基团。暴露在包封层的所述化学片段能够与暴露在纤维上的互补的化学片段反应,这种互补化学片段的确定对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。在本发明的另一个优选的实施方案中,所述包封的长余辉磷光体在制造阶段与一种可定位材料混合,并且将该可定位材料包封的长余辉磷光体混合物应用于纤维。用于将包封的颗粒结合到纤维上的另外的技术详述于例如U.S.P.5,607,759。磷光体颗粒的包封使得它们在随后的应用和暴露于环境的过程中,可以保持其长余辉和可再充能性。
在说明书中提到的任何专利都代表了本发明涉及领域技术人员的水平。这些专利和出版物结合在本文中作为参考,这等同于各个出版物被具体地和分别地指定结合在本文中作为参考。
前面已经描述了本发明,可以明白,本发明教导了一种将长余辉磷光体例如以颗粒形式结合进织物主体材料中的新的和有用的方法及通过该方法得到的产品。结合了长余辉磷光体的织物主体材料用于提高制品的可见度,例如安全和救援人员、建筑工人、骑摩托车者和儿童穿着或佩带的衣物和附件。另外,该材料可用于构造安全和警示标记和装置,例如救生衣。在不离开所附权利要求书范围的前提下,对于本发明涉及领域的技术人员而言,许多另外的实施方案是显而易见的。

Claims (21)

1.一种将长余辉磷光体结合进织物材料中的方法,包括下列步骤:
烧制掺杂的磷光体;
将所述掺杂的磷光体研磨成指定平均颗粒域大小的磷光体颗粒;
将所述磷光体颗粒包封在不透水的涂层材料中;和
将指定重量比的所述包封的磷光体颗粒应用于纤维主体材料中。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述磷光体是含铕掺杂剂的硫化锶。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述掺杂的磷光体还包括第二种镧系掺杂剂。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中所述磷光体是混合的钙锶硫化物。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述磷光体颗粒包封在氟化物涂层中。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中所述磷光体颗粒包封在硅酸盐涂层中。
7.权利要求1的方法,其中所述磷光体颗粒被研磨成1~60微米的平均颗粒域大小。
8.将包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒结合进纤维主体材料中的纤维产品。
9.权利要求7的纤维产品,其中所述纤维主体材料选自合成纤维、天然纤维和复合纤维。
10.权利要求7的纤维产品,其中所述天然纤维主体材料选自:棉、羊毛、黄麻、亚麻、丝、大麻和橡胶。
11.权利要求7的纤维产品,其中所述合成纤维主体材料选自:尼龙、人造丝、塑料、纤维素、乙酸纤维素、聚酰胺、乙酸酯、丙烯酸类、聚丙烯酸类、芳族聚酰胺、人造蛋白质纤维、改良丙烯酸纤维、nonoloid、乙酸乙烯酯与1,1-二氰基乙烯共聚物、烯烃、莎纶、弹力纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、聚乙烯塑料、聚酯、聚乙烯和聚丁二烯。
12.权利要求8的纤维产品,其中所述包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒以0.1~30%重量/体积的量结合。
13.权利要求8的纤维产品,其中所述包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒以5~25%重量/体积的量结合。
14.权利要求8的纤维产品,其中所述包封的长余辉磷光体颗粒以10~20%重量/体积的量结合。
15.权利要求8的纤维产品,其中所述磷光体颗粒被研磨成1~60微米的平均颗粒域大小。
16.权利要求8的纤维产品,其中所述磷光体颗粒被研磨成9~45微米的平均颗粒域大小。
17.权利要求8的纤维产品,其中所述长余辉磷光体是含掺杂剂的硫化锶。
18.权利要求15的掺杂剂,其中所述掺杂剂是铕。
19.权利要求8的包封的长余辉磷光体,其中存在一种化学片段。
20.权利要求17的化学片段,其中所述片段被衍生成选自下列的反应基:羧基、羰基、羟基、酰胺、胺、氨基、醚、酯、环氧、氰酸酯、异氰酸酯、硫氰酸酯、巯基、二硫化物、氧化物、重氮、碘和磺基。
21.权利要求7的纤维产品,可通过权利要求1的方法得到。
CN00818075A 1999-12-07 2000-12-07 结合在织物材料中的长余辉磷光体 Pending CN1414886A (zh)

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