CN1364215A - 用于调节内燃机之进气压力的方法及装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
该废气涡轮增压器之在内燃机(1)的排气通道(3)中安置的涡轮(4)具有一可改变的几何结构。进气压力(pld)的调节则通过涡轮几何结构的一调节来实施。该进气压力调节在一负荷变化时的很快的反应就避免了一种对涡轮增压器有损害的额定值之超越,其是如此实现的,即,根据在排气通道(3)中于涡轮(4)之前面占据的排气反压力(pag)求得一用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数(vtg)。
Description
现有技术
本发明涉及用于调节一内燃机之进气压力的一种方法和一种装置,该内燃机具有一废气涡轮增压器,其在内燃机之排气通道中安置的涡轮具有一可改变的几何结构,其中该进气压力的调节通过调节涡轮几何结构来实现。
正如由DE 4107693A1或EP 0454943A1所知,一般说该进气压力调节是如此实现的,即一个调节器根据在一额定进气压力和一实际进气压力之间的偏移形成一调节参数。这个调节参数既可被用来(见DE4107693A1),对一置于和排气通道中增压器涡轮跨接的一旁通中的阀门进行控制也可被用来对一具有可变几何结构的涡轮之可调的涡轮导向叶片进行控制(见EP 0454943A1)。
对于发动机在排气参数和油耗参数方面提出了越来越高的要求。一个具有可变之涡轮几何结构的废气涡轮增压器通过调节涡轮导向叶片就可实现一个对于实际的发动机运行点的适应性。采用这一技术,就可使该废气涡轮增压器(Turboloch)的一滞后的反应减小并同时使发动机的效率得以改善。在加速过程中会经常地发生进气压力之强烈的过调,这就给涡轮增压器很严重的机械负载。此外,在该加速阶段这种可变化之涡轮几何结构的一种过度强烈的闭合还会导致一种不希望高的排气反压力,进而对发动机的动力特性和效率产生负面影响。
由此本发明的任务是,提供用于开头所称类型之进气压力调节的一种方法和一种装置,它们可确保,该进气压力在一负荷变化情况下尽可能迅速地跟踪于所希望的进气压力额定值的变化,依此,避免了该进气压力额定值被超越,从而保护了废气涡轮增压器免受不必要高的负荷。
本发明的优点
上述任务用权利要求1和3的特征如此解决:根据在排气通道中于涡轮前面占据的排气反压力求得一用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数。在调节对象的变化了的特性如转数改变,负荷变化,一排气反馈结构的改变情况下或在本调节系统中有干扰的情况下,该排气反压力将明显快于进气压力地反应。如果此时按本发明要求应用该排气反压力以导出一调节参数,则人们就实现一个很迅速的对于该予定的额定进气压力之一改变时作出的进气压力调节的反应。
本发明方法或本发明装置的有利的变型方案描述在从属权利要求中。依此,根据在一额定进气压力和一实际进气压力之间的偏移用第一调节器求得一额定排气反压力;然后,根据在该额定排气反压力和一测知的或估算的实际排气反压力之间的偏移用第二调节器导出用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数。
附图说明
下面借助附图中描绘的一实施例详细地阐述本发明。在附图中:
图1是一带有废气涡轮增压器的内燃机简图;和
图2是一用于调节该进气压力的原理(功能)简图;
实施例说明
在图1中描绘了一带有一进气通道2和一排气通道3的内燃机1。在排气通道3中安置了一废气涡轮增压器的涡轮4和在进气通道2中安置了其压缩机5。另外,该内燃机可以装备一废气反馈通道6,其将排气通道3与进气通道2相连接。在该废气反馈通道6中安置一个可控制的阀门7。在进气管道2中安置一个用于检测进气压力(pld)的压力传感器8和一个用于检测被吸入的空气质量(lm)的空气质量传感器9。此外,在进气管中安置一个节气阀10。一个传感器11可测知该内燃机的转数(mmot),以及一个在排气通道3中的压力传感器12可检测涡轮4之前面的排气反压(pag)。设置一调节器13,其作用于该涡轮几何结构上亦即实施对涡轮导向叶片的一种调节。这个调节器13可从一个控制装置14中获得一调节参数(vtg)。为了导出用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数(vtg)和导出一用于排气反馈阀的调节参数(arf),该控制装置14将发动机转数(nmot),节流阀位置dk,被吸入的空气质量lm,进气压力pld和排气反压力pag用作输入参数。
该控制装置14如何根据所称的输入参数导出用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数vtg,将借助图2中的功能简图详细地描述。一个处理机PZ将根据发动机转数nmot,表达了驾驶员意愿的节流阀位置dk,并且还可能根据发动机之另外的此处未提及的运行参数获知一额定进气压力plds。关于该额定进气压力(plds)的导出此处不再详细讨论,因为它属于现有技术。在一个第一连接点V1中将获知位于该额定进气压力(plds)和一实际进气压力(pld)之间的偏移Δpld。这个用于进气压力的偏移值Δpld被输入到一个第一调节器R1(例如PI或PID调节器)中。该第一调节器R1的输出参数对应于排气通道3中排气反压的一额定值pags。在第二连接点V2中将确定在额定排气反压pags和实际排气反压pag之间的偏移Δpag。这个用于排气反压的偏移值Δpag被输入到一第二调节器R2中,其最终形成用于可改变之涡轮几何结构的调节参数vtg。
该实际进气压力pld既可以借助进气管2中的压力传感器8测知,或者也可以被处理机PZ根据内燃机之不同的运行参数导出一用于该实际进气压力的估算值。在图2中的点划线表示,该实际进气压力pld是一个被处理机PZ求得的估算值。该实际排气反压pag可以是在排气通道3中该压力传感器12的一测量值。但是对于该实际排气反压力pag也可以是一个被处理机PZ根据内燃机的运行参数导出的估算值。这个从处理机PZ引至第二连接(分支)点V2的点划线则表示,该实际排气反压力pag是一个被处理机PZ计算求出的估算值。关于用于实际额定进气压力pld和实际排气反压力pag的估算值之计算此处不再详细地讨论,因为对此可以应用现有技术中公知的方法。
通过该涡轮几何结构的闭合,在排气通道3中涡轮4前面的排气反压力pag则会升高,并因此,被馈入到涡轮4中的能量也增高。依此,增压器转数和同时在进气管2中的进气压力pld也升高。如果设置一个如图1描绘的废气反馈结构的话,则当该排气反压pag大于该进气压力pld时废气就可以通过开启阀门7并经过废气反馈通道6而进入进气管中。如果该废气反馈阀门7被打开了,则该废气反压力pag就下降并因此在进气管2中的进气压力pld同样会下降。
本发明是基于这样的观察结果,即,该排气压力pag对于涡轮几何结构之一调节的反应明显地快于该进气压力pld的反应。该进气压力pld只以滞后了该废气涡轮增压器之时间常数的方式作出反应。因此一个用于进气压力的调节器的动力特性基本上通过该排气涡轮增压器的惯性矩受到限制。然而,同时发生的时间常数却明显地大于一些干扰的时间常数,这些干扰则通过调节对象之随时间变化的特性,通过打开和关闭该排气反馈阀7或通过涡轮4之导向器中的缺陷而作用到本系统上。所述涡轮之导向器的故障,阀门行程的改变,排气反馈阀7的改变,或内燃机之工作点的变化都会非常直接地作用在排气反压pag上并且依此可以在具有调节器R2的下面的调节回路中很快地被平衡。而具有调节器R1的置于上面的调节回路则必须被设置得比具有调节器R2的下面调节回路要缓慢些。但是,因为该进气压力pld本来就是比排气反压pag更缓慢的,故这一条件就被自动地满足了。
Claims (4)
1.用于调节一内燃机之进气压力的方法,该内燃机具有一废气涡轮增压器,其在内燃机(1)之排气通道(3)中安置的涡轮(4)具有一可改变的几何结构,其中,通过对该涡轮几何结构的调节来实现该进气压力的调节,其特征在于:
根据在排气通道(3)中于涡轮(4)之前面占据的排气反压力(pag)求得一用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数(vtg)。
2.按权利要求1的方法,其特征在于:
根据在一额定进气压力(plds)和一实际排气反压力(plds)之间的偏移(Δpld)用第一调节器(R1)求得一额定排气反压力(pags);然后,根据在该额定排气反压力(pags)和一测知的或估算的实际排气反压力(pag)之间的偏移(Δpag)用第二调节器(R2)导出用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数(vdg)。
3.用于调节一内燃机之进气压力的装置,具有一废气涡轮增压器,其在内燃机(1)之排气通道(3)中安置的涡轮(4)具有一可改变的几何结构,其中,该进气压力的调节通过该涡轮几何结构的调节来实现,其特征在于:
一调节器(R2)根据在排气通道(3)中于涡轮(4)之前面占据的排气反压力(pag)形成一用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数(vtg)。
4,按权利要求3的装置,其特征在于:
第一调节器(R1)根据在一额定进气压力(plds)和一实际进气压力(pld)之间的偏移(Δpld)求得一额定排气反压力(pads);然后,第二调节器(R2)根据在该额定排气反压力(pads)和一测知的或估算的实际排气反压力(pag)之间的偏移(Δpag)导出用于涡轮几何结构的调节参数(vtg)。
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DE10010978A DE10010978B4 (de) | 2000-03-07 | 2000-03-07 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung des Ladedrucks einer Brennkraftmaschine |
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KR (1) | KR100752456B1 (zh) |
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2000
- 2000-03-07 DE DE10010978A patent/DE10010978B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-02-16 DE DE50106949T patent/DE50106949D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-16 US US10/030,304 patent/US6662562B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-16 KR KR1020017014125A patent/KR100752456B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-02-16 EP EP01913658A patent/EP1179128B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-02-16 WO PCT/DE2001/000586 patent/WO2001066921A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-02-16 CN CNB018004571A patent/CN1266374C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-02-16 JP JP2001565514A patent/JP2003526044A/ja active Pending
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN100429386C (zh) * | 2003-10-22 | 2008-10-29 | 沃伊特涡轮两合公司 | 在驱动单元中使利用率最优化的方法和驱动单元 |
CN101718220B (zh) * | 2008-09-24 | 2012-10-17 | 奥迪股份公司 | 控制和/或调节排气涡轮增压器增压压力的方法和内燃机 |
CN102257258A (zh) * | 2008-10-17 | 2011-11-23 | 拉夫堡大学 | 用于内燃机的排气装置 |
CN102257258B (zh) * | 2008-10-17 | 2014-07-16 | 拉夫堡大学 | 用于内燃机的排气装置 |
CN102770646A (zh) * | 2009-12-02 | 2012-11-07 | 雷诺股份公司 | 用具有动态估值器和预涡轮压力限制的固定几何形状涡轮增压器监测两级增压的方法 |
CN102770646B (zh) * | 2009-12-02 | 2015-10-07 | 雷诺股份公司 | 用具有动态估值器和预涡轮压力限制的固定几何形状涡轮增压器监测两级增压的方法 |
CN106460711A (zh) * | 2014-06-11 | 2017-02-22 | 大众汽车有限公司 | 用于在内燃机的气缸内进行充气检测的方法和装置 |
CN106460711B (zh) * | 2014-06-11 | 2020-03-06 | 大众汽车有限公司 | 用于在内燃机的气缸内进行充气检测的方法和装置 |
CN105422294A (zh) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-03-23 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于识别和说明瞬态的行驶状况的方法 |
CN105422294B (zh) * | 2014-09-11 | 2020-06-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | 用于识别和说明瞬态的行驶状况的方法 |
CN105545510A (zh) * | 2016-01-01 | 2016-05-04 | 庄景阳 | 基于发动机加速的增压计划 |
CN111206995A (zh) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-29 | 大众汽车有限公司 | 用于控制增压系统的方法 |
CN110410198A (zh) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-05 | 东风商用车有限公司 | 增压器辅助排气制动系统及排气制动方法 |
CN110410198B (zh) * | 2019-07-30 | 2020-07-10 | 东风商用车有限公司 | 增压器辅助排气制动系统及排气制动方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030010019A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
DE10010978A1 (de) | 2001-09-20 |
EP1179128B1 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
DE50106949D1 (de) | 2005-09-08 |
WO2001066921A1 (de) | 2001-09-13 |
US6662562B2 (en) | 2003-12-16 |
JP2003526044A (ja) | 2003-09-02 |
KR20020015320A (ko) | 2002-02-27 |
DE10010978B4 (de) | 2005-03-24 |
KR100752456B1 (ko) | 2007-08-24 |
EP1179128A1 (de) | 2002-02-13 |
CN1266374C (zh) | 2006-07-26 |
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