CN1352355A - 金属膨胀螺栓 - Google Patents

金属膨胀螺栓 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1352355A
CN1352355A CN01137555.8A CN01137555A CN1352355A CN 1352355 A CN1352355 A CN 1352355A CN 01137555 A CN01137555 A CN 01137555A CN 1352355 A CN1352355 A CN 1352355A
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section
expansion sleeve
fixed element
axostylus axostyle
described fixed
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CN01137555.8A
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凯巴赫·维尔纳
拉伯·斯特凡
埃克施泰因·安德烈亚斯
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Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Publication of CN1352355A publication Critical patent/CN1352355A/zh
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/06Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve
    • F16B13/063Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander
    • F16B13/065Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front combined with expanding sleeve by the use of an expander fastened by extracting the screw, nail or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16BDEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B13/00Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
    • F16B13/04Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
    • F16B13/08Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
    • F16B13/0858Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with an expansible sleeve or dowel body driven against a tapered or spherical expander plug

Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有一个设置在一轴杆(1)上的膨胀套管(4)的固定装置。该膨胀套管(4)具有多个沿栽入方向(S)连着设置的、具有三角形横截面的锁定部分(15)。由于锁定部分(15)的尺寸和布置,该固定元件既适用于裂化地基又适用于非裂化地基。

Description

金属膨胀螺栓
本发明涉及一种用于在地基钻孔内锚固的固定元件,带有一个轴杆,该轴杆在其背向栽入方向的端部区域具有一个加载装置、在对面的端部区域具有一个用于胀开膨胀套管的扩张锥,膨胀套管至少部分地包围轴杆并具有至少一个形成膨胀段的、沿栽入方向开口的纵向缝隙,其中该膨胀段具有以一高度径向伸出膨胀套管外廓的锁定部分。
这种固定元件特别适用于坚硬的地基,其中通过在伸出于构件和待固定物体的轴杆上旋拧螺母,将轴杆上形成的扩张锥拉入支撑在钻孔壁上的膨胀套管。与此同时该膨胀套管张开而卡挤在钻孔内。膨胀套管在钻孔内的支撑通过其上设置的锁定部分来实现,该锁定部分钩挂在钻孔侧壁上。通常通过一些纵向缝隙使膨胀套管能够张开。纵向缝隙构成膨胀段,该膨胀段在纵向缝隙端部变成封闭的套管形。
例如由DE-A1-4344244公布了这样一种固定元件,该固定元件具有一个带有用于张开膨胀元件的扩张锥的轴杆。通过冲压使膨胀段带有多个沿栽入方向连着设置的锁定部分。该锁定部分呈带有指着栽入方向尖端的三角形。
该已知方案的缺点在于,固定元件最好是用在裂化混凝土的地基上,因此在非裂化混凝土内不具有所期望的负载值。
本发明的目的在于,创制一种带有轴杆的固定元件,该轴杆在其背向栽入方向的端部区域具有一个加载装置、在对面的端部区域具有一个用于胀开膨胀套管的扩张锥,该轴杆无论在裂化还是非裂化地基内均具有高的支撑值。另外该固定元件的生产也应是经济的。
按照本发明通过这样实现该目的:每个膨胀段具有两个沿栽入方向以一间距设置的锁定部分。
每个膨胀段具有两个沿栽入方向以一间距设置的、在通过轴杆纵轴线延伸的剖面内具有基本上相同形状横截面的锁定部分,因此该固定元件既适用于裂化地基,又适用于非裂化地基,特别是混凝土。前部凸肋首先咬合。在高强度混凝土的情况下且当钻头已经磨损时,该凸肋的首要作用是形成可靠的锚固。在这一特殊情况下钻孔会按比例变小。栽入过程中应用的转矩必须大到能将前部凸肋完全压入地基,特别是混凝土。该前部凸肋最好是布置在膨胀段的整个外周上面。后部凸肋首要的作用是在低强度地基,特别是混凝土的情况下,当钻孔按比例变大时形成可靠的锚固。该后部凸肋至少部分地布置在膨胀段的外周上面。在裂化地基的情况下,两凸肋,无论是前凸肋还是后凸肋,共同作用而阻止固定元件脱出。
锁定部分最好伸出膨胀套管的外廓一个相当于膨胀套管内径的0.02至0.1倍,特别是0.03至0.05倍的高度,以保证在地基内最佳地咬合。
为保证在裂化和非裂化地基内均具有最佳的负载特性,间距最好相当于膨胀套管内径的0.2至1.5倍,特别是0.5至0.7倍。该间距具有重要作用,以保证进入地基的导入力尽可能地均匀。同时保证,锁定部分区域的地基不被减弱甚至毁坏。如果锁定部分相离太远地布置,就会产生按点的导入力。另一方面如果锁定部分相离太近地布置,锁定部分区域的地基就会被减弱甚至毁坏。
锁定部分在通过轴杆的纵轴线延伸的剖面内有利地具有一个三角形横截面,以保证在地基内最佳地咬合。对于几何特征必须要考虑:不使背向锁定部分的栽入方向区域减弱。特别是将横截面制成等边三角形。
在另一种优选实施例中,锁定部分在通过轴杆的纵轴线延伸的剖面内具有一个矩形横截面。该结构型式主要是在较软的地基内具有有利的效果。
扩张锥有利地具有一圆柱形部段,其中圆柱形部段的长度相当于间距的0.3至1.5倍,特别是0.6至0.9倍,以保证扩张锥和膨胀套管之间最佳的力传递。当然了,在锁定部分高度与圆柱形部段不同的情况下扩张锥可具有稍微倒圆的外形,以使力导入最为理想。
下面通过一个实施例详细地说明本发明。其中:
图1表示按照本发明的固定元件的剖视图;
图2表示图1所示固定元件的膨胀元件的放大图。
图1和图2表示带有一个轴杆1的按照本发明的固定元件,该轴杆在其背向栽入方向S的端部区域具有一个加载装置2、在对面的端部区域具有一个用于胀开膨胀套管4的扩张锥3。轴杆1被膨胀套管4包围并具有至少一个形成膨胀段5的纵向缝隙6。
轴杆1制成螺纹轴,用一个垫圈8可将一个螺母7旋紧到该轴杆上,这由图1看得很清楚。该轴杆1具有一个紧接着加载装置2的横向负载区域9。此外该轴杆在扩张锥3和横向负载区域9之间还具有一个用于膨胀套管4导向的插入区域11。该插入区域11具有小于横向负载区域9的外径。此外该插入区域11还在其栽入方向侧的端部具有一个用作连接装置的外螺纹12,将设有内螺纹13的扩张锥3旋拧到该外螺纹上。轴杆1和横向负载区域9可制成一体。
膨胀套管4具有与横向负载区域9大致相同的外径。膨胀套管4的背向栽入方向S的端侧与用作止挡的横向负载区域9的一个环形挡肩14共同作用。纵向缝隙6沿栽入方向S制成开口的,这由图2看得很清楚。
膨胀段5具有以高度h径向伸出膨胀套管4外廓的锁定部分15。其中膨胀段5具有两个沿栽入方向S以一间距a连着设置的锁定部分15。其中高度(h)相当于膨胀套管4的芯孔直径d的0.03至0.05倍,间距a相当于膨胀套管4的芯孔直径d的0.5至0.7倍。通过轴杆1的纵向轴线延伸剖面的锁定部分15的横截面呈三角形。沿栽入方向S设置锁定部分15的高度大于背向栽入方向S的那个锁定部分15。
扩张锥3沿栽入方向S具有一个圆柱形的长度l的部段,该长度相当于间距a的0.6至0.9倍。将扩张锥3的该圆柱形部段稍作倒圆,以保证将锁定部分15以均匀的力导入未示出的地基。

Claims (8)

1.用于在地基钻孔内锚固的固定元件,带有一个轴杆(1),该轴杆在其背向栽入方向(S)的端部区域具有一个加载装置(2)、在对面的端部区域具有一个用于胀开膨胀套管(4)的扩张锥(3),膨胀套管至少部分地包围轴杆(1)并具有至少一个形成膨胀段(5)的、沿栽入方向(S)开口的纵向缝隙(6),其中该膨胀段(5)具有以一高度(h)径向伸出膨胀套管(4)外廓的锁定部分(15),其特征在于,每个膨胀段(5)具有两个锁定部分(15),该锁定部分沿栽入方向(S)以一间距(a)设置且在通过轴杆纵轴线延伸的剖面内具有形状基本上相同的横截面。
2.按照权利要求1所述的固定元件,其特征在于,锁定部分(15)伸出膨胀套管(4)的外廓一个相当于膨胀套管(4)内径(d)的0.02至0.1倍的高度(h)。
3.按照权利要求2所述的固定元件,其特征在于,锁定部分(15)伸出膨胀套管(4)的外廓一个不同的高度(h)。
4.按照权利要求1至3之一所述的固定元件,其特征在于,间距(a)相当于膨胀套管(4)内径(d)的0.2至1.5倍。
5.按照权利要求4所述的固定元件,其特征在于,间距(a)相当于膨胀套管(4)内径(d)的0.5至0.7倍。
6.按照权利要求1至5之一所述的固定元件,其特征在于,锁定部分(15)在通过轴杆(1)的纵轴线延伸的剖面内具有一个三角形横截面。
7.按照权利要求1至5之一所述的固定元件,其特征在于,锁定部分(15)在通过轴杆(1)的纵轴线延伸的剖面内具有一个矩形横截面。
8.按照权利要求1至7之一所述的固定元件,其特征在于,扩张锥(3)具有一圆柱形部段,其中圆柱形部段的长度l相当于间距(a)的0.3至1.5倍。
CN01137555.8A 2000-11-03 2001-10-29 金属膨胀螺栓 Pending CN1352355A (zh)

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DE10054618.8 2000-11-03
DE10054618A DE10054618A1 (de) 2000-11-03 2000-11-03 Spreizanker aus Metall

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CN102155481A (zh) * 2009-12-24 2011-08-17 第三动力产品有限责任公司 锚钉和形成锚钉的方法
CN102286975A (zh) * 2011-07-06 2011-12-21 武汉大学 一种加固大变形岩体的恒阻吸能锚杆
WO2012129841A1 (zh) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-04 周曼莉 一种vh型滑壳膨胀螺丝
CN103174138A (zh) * 2013-04-16 2013-06-26 合肥建工集团有限公司 双向膨胀地锚
CN106677605A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-17 无锡新人居科贸有限公司 帐篷固定用防拉地钉

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CN102155481A (zh) * 2009-12-24 2011-08-17 第三动力产品有限责任公司 锚钉和形成锚钉的方法
CN102155481B (zh) * 2009-12-24 2015-08-05 百得有限公司 锚钉和形成锚钉的方法
WO2012129841A1 (zh) * 2011-03-28 2012-10-04 周曼莉 一种vh型滑壳膨胀螺丝
CN102286975A (zh) * 2011-07-06 2011-12-21 武汉大学 一种加固大变形岩体的恒阻吸能锚杆
CN102286975B (zh) * 2011-07-06 2013-03-06 武汉大学 一种加固大变形岩体的恒阻吸能锚杆
CN103174138A (zh) * 2013-04-16 2013-06-26 合肥建工集团有限公司 双向膨胀地锚
CN103174138B (zh) * 2013-04-16 2015-06-17 合肥建工集团有限公司 双向膨胀地锚
CN106677605A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-17 无锡新人居科贸有限公司 帐篷固定用防拉地钉

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DE10054618A1 (de) 2002-05-08
JP2002201641A (ja) 2002-07-19
EP1203889A1 (de) 2002-05-08
US20020054805A1 (en) 2002-05-09

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