CN1117563A - 膨胀固定栓塞 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种膨胀固定栓塞(1),它具有一个垂直贯穿栓体的内孔,钉形或螺钉形的膨胀螺栓(4,14)被钉入孔内,该栓塞的内孔环绕着中心线螺旋分布,在其长度上至少有一部分的直径等于或小于该膨胀螺栓(4,14)的外直径。
Description
本发明涉及一种可膨胀的固定栓塞,它具有一个垂直贯穿整个栓体的内孔,一个钉形或螺钉形的膨胀螺栓插入内孔之中,本发明还涉及一种用金属制造该栓塞的方法。
用塑料制造的那种膨胀固定栓塞业已充分被公知。这些膨胀固定栓塞的内孔一般平行于栓塞的轴线,而且在朝向其前缘端逐渐缩小。在该锥形的内孔区域内,这些膨胀固定栓塞具有一些纵向延伸的沟槽,从而当膨胀螺栓被拧入时可产生膨胀。为了能产生令人满意的膨胀,尤其对疏松的建筑材料而言,锥形的内孔终止于一裂缝,其内部宽度相当于沟槽的宽度。内孔的这种急骤缩小需要一个很大的抗插力,当在坚硬的建筑材料中使用这种公知的固定栓塞时,这种很大的抵抗力有时会阻止膨胀螺栓的彻底钻牢。此外,因为这种膨胀仅对膨胀固定栓塞的一部分长度是有效的,所以无法达到一种与该高抗插力相适应的夹持力。因而这样一种膨胀原理也很不适合于空心砖,由于膨胀力分布不均匀,在空心砖的各独立腹板中会产生一些应力峰值,这些应力峰值会导致砖块的破碎。此外,在这些公知的膨胀固定栓塞中,内孔及纵向沟槽的沿中心及轴向平行分布会在固定栓塞的整个长度上产生一种较好的膨胀方向,它首先能产生一种劈裂效应,其次,尽管存在很高的抗插力,也无法使应力在钻孔中得到均匀分布,而这种均匀分布将会产生一种高夹持力。
本发明是以现今生产膨胀固定栓塞中所存在的问题为基础而作出的,采用一种钉状或螺钉状的膨胀螺栓即可将其锚定,而且所产生的抗插力很小,不仅在松软多孔的建筑材料中,而且在坚硬的建筑材料中也可以获得一种很大的夹持力。
上述的问题可以通过权利要求1所给出的特征予以解决。因为其内孔是环绕着膨胀栓塞的中心线螺旋状分布的,从而获得了一种沿膨胀固定栓塞的长度的正弦曲线的形式变化的偏心距,它环绕着中心线形成一种附加旋转。在膨胀固定栓塞的每一点上,圆柱形的膨胀螺栓必然在对应于膨胀固定栓塞的外圆周特殊点上产生一种膨胀作用。这种膨胀与该点处内孔的偏心距有关。由于该内孔是以螺栓形圆柱体的形式穿过栓体的,即使内孔的直径相当于膨胀螺栓的外直径,在膨胀固定栓塞的外周上最终也会产生一种显现其本身螺线的一种膨胀作用,这样便会在其整个周面上产生一种均匀分布的膨胀力,避免了应力峰值的出现。由于其内孔的直径等于或略小于膨胀螺栓的外直径,用非常小的抗插力就可以实现膨胀。本发明的膨胀固定栓塞适合于在所有建筑材料中进行锚固,由于避免了应力峰值的产生以及膨胀作用是分布在膨胀螺栓整个长度上的,该固定栓塞特别适合在松软多孔的建筑材料中使用。
对于坚硬的建筑材料来说,为了增大拉出力,在钻孔的底部稍微增大其膨胀作用是很有利的。要想作到这点很容易,只要使固定栓塞后端处内孔的直径大致等于膨胀螺栓的外直径,并且使其朝着固定栓塞的前缘端具有略微均匀的钭度,最终直径略小于膨胀螺栓的外部直径即可。
此外,业已表明,抗插力与锚固作用之间的理想比率得以实现的条件是使内孔中心线相对于膨胀固定栓塞的纵轴线的最大偏心率大致等于内孔直径的一半。
进而言之,对于内孔来说,将其形状制成如下的式样是非常有利的,即在该膨胀栓塞的长度范围内,至少存在二个完整的螺圈。
为了可以采用比较坚硬的材料来制造膨胀固定栓塞,最好在栓塞上设置若干纵向沟槽。这些纵向沟槽可以位于其外周的某些区域,并且互错开,在纵向方向上,外周面上的这些纵向沟槽的错开角度最好都是90°,这些纵向沟槽相对于内孔而言,可以是轴向平行的,也可以是螺线形的。
如果结合使用的膨胀螺栓是钉形的,沿着内孔的母线设置至少一条沟槽是十分有利的,此时,钉状膨胀螺栓上所设置的一条螺纹线与该沟槽配合。这种螺纹产生了一种自锁效果。当一张力作用于钉形膨胀螺栓上时,可防止膨胀螺栓的松脱。
本发明的膨胀固定栓塞一般可以以塑料为原料,通过注模法而制得,对于一些特殊使用场合,例如天花板以及存在失火危险的区域,本发明的膨胀固定栓塞也可以用金属制造。采用公知技术中的金属注模法来进行制造也是很有效的。采用这一方法时,可以用金属粉末为原料,在注模操作时采用一种粘合剂系列,随后将该粘合剂去除并进行烧结即可。
下面将结合附图中的实施例对本发明作详细叙述,其中:
图1表示可膨胀固定栓塞,它带有一个钉形的膨胀螺栓;
图2表示图1中的膨胀固定栓塞被锚固在砖石建筑物钻孔中;
图3表示该膨胀固定栓塞的一个实施例,它带有一纵向的沟槽;
图4表示沿图3中A-A断面线所作的剖面图。
图1所示的膨胀固定栓塞1带有一个内孔2,它垂直贯穿整个栓体并且环绕中心线3构成一螺线。内孔2的直径大致等于膨胀螺栓4的外直径。当将膨胀螺栓4拧入螺旋形的内孔2中时,固定栓塞1的膨胀作用便会产生,即螺旋形的内孔相对于中心线3产生了一种偏心距e,在膨胀固定栓塞的长度上产生一种正弦线形的变化。在某一特定点处所产生的特定偏心距使其相对置的一点产生一凸起6,从而在膨胀固定栓塞的外周壁上呈现其本身如同一条螺线(见图2)。当固体建筑材料5是松软的时,凸起6便压入钻孔7的壁内。
在图1和2中使用的膨胀螺栓4带有一个凸缘8,以便对穿透深度及连接螺纹9进行限制,例如为了给管子,电缆干线或类似物提供一个固定住的金属线吊钩。作用在膨胀螺栓4上的张力有可能将其从固定栓塞1的内孔中拉出,为了防止这种情况,在膨胀固定栓塞1的内孔2中设有二条对置的沟槽10,它们沿着内孔的母线延伸。当膨胀螺栓4被拧入内孔2中时,膨胀螺栓4上的二条对置的螺线11便与内孔2中的沟槽10相啮合,这就使膨胀螺栓4与膨胀固定栓塞1产生互锁,从而防止了膨胀螺栓4在轴向张力的作用下被拉出来。为了限定插入深度,在固定栓塞1上设置一凸缘12,为了防止其转动,从该凸缘12处再设置一些纵向延伸的棱13。
在图3所示的膨胀固定栓塞1的实施例中,其螺旋形的内孔2在栓塞的后端的直径为D1,它大致相当于本实施例中作为膨胀螺栓使用的固定螺钉14的外直径。内孔2朝着栓塞的前缘端15逐渐缩小至直径变为D2,该直径相当于或略大于固定螺钉14的芯部直径。因此,当固定螺钉被拧进时,除了固定栓塞的螺旋形凸起之外,还产生了一个朝着钻孔的底部逐渐增大的膨胀。特别是当用一种比较硬质的塑性材料或者用金属来制作固定栓塞1时,膨胀固定栓塞1应设置几条纵向延伸的沟槽16,在图3所示的实施例中,纵向沟槽16沿纵向位于其一部分区域内,并且在外圆周上相互错开。在图4中可以清楚看到在各种情况下,其偏离角度为90°度,而且纵槽16重叠在一起,从而使固定栓塞的每一点都至少有二条纵向沟槽。进而言之,该纵向沟槽可以沿螺线分布,与内孔2平行设置。
可以采用已知技术中的注模工艺用塑料材料来制造膨胀固定栓塞1,在此工艺中也可以用粉末金属材料通过金属注模法来制造。用金属粉末通过注模法制造栓塞时,需采用一种粘合剂系列,并随后将其去除,并进行烧结。
附注:附图中未示出零件6。
Claims (10)
1.一种可膨胀固定栓塞,它具有一个垂直贯穿栓体的内孔,一个钉形或螺钉形的膨胀螺栓插入内孔中,其特征在于膨胀固定栓塞(1)中的内孔(2)绕中心线(3)以螺线的形式缠绕,在其长度方向上至少一部分的直径等于或略小于膨胀螺栓(4)的外直径。
2.如权利要求1所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于在固定栓塞后端部内孔(2)的直径(D1)大致等于膨胀螺栓(4,14)的外直径,并且该孔径在朝向固定栓塞(1)的前缘端(15)的方向上均匀缩小。直至使其直径(D2)小于膨胀螺栓(4,14)的外直径。
3.如权利要求1所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于内孔(2)的中心线相对于膨胀固定栓塞(1)的纵轴(3)的最大偏心距(e)大致等于内孔(2)的直径的一半。
4.如权利要求1所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于在膨胀固定栓塞(1)的长度范围内,内孔(2)至少具有二个完整的螺圈。
5.如权利要求1所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于膨胀固定栓塞(1)上设有几条纵向沟槽(16)。
6.如权利要求5所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于这些纵向沟槽(16)设置在局部区域,在纵向上它们在外周面上相互交错排列。
7.如权利要求6所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于外周面上纵向沟槽的错开角度皆为90°。
8.如权利要求5所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于纵向沟槽相对于内孔(2)以螺旋线的形式分布。
9.如权利要求1所述的膨胀固定栓塞,其特征在于内孔(2)至少带有一条沟槽(10),它沿其母线延伸,其中钉形膨胀螺栓(4)上的一条螺纹(11)与该沟槽相啮合。
10.用金属制造上述任何一项权利要求中所述的膨胀栓塞的方法,其特征在于膨胀固定栓塞(1)是以金属粉末为原料,采用一种注模工艺,其中采用一种粘合剂系列,并随后将该粘合剂去除并进行烧结。
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DE4403894A DE4403894A1 (de) | 1994-02-08 | 1994-02-08 | Spreizdübel |
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CN (1) | CN1117563A (zh) |
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US10344790B2 (en) * | 2016-02-18 | 2019-07-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Masonry anchor of the expansion type |
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GB190925148A (en) * | 1908-11-04 | 1910-10-27 | Georges Lakhovsky | Improvements in Liners for Fixing Screw Spikes in Railway Sleepers. |
GB323583A (en) * | 1928-10-20 | 1930-01-09 | John Joseph Rawlings | Improvements relating to tubular wall plugs |
DE2729828C2 (de) * | 1976-07-07 | 1983-08-04 | Arnold Kappel Schefer | Spreizdübel |
US4135432A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1979-01-23 | Drillco Equipment Company, Inc. | Anchor for undercut bore |
AT365750B (de) * | 1978-08-30 | 1982-02-10 | Fischer Artur Dr H C | Aus spreizduebel und befestigungsschraube bestehender befestigungssatz |
DE2901066C2 (de) * | 1979-01-12 | 1981-03-19 | TOX-Dübel-Werk Richard W. Heckhausen KG, 7762 Bodmann-Ludwigshafen | Spreizdübel |
DE3018975A1 (de) * | 1980-05-17 | 1981-11-26 | Groh, Karl-Friedrich, 7118 Künzelsau | Befestigungssatz |
DE3048654A1 (de) * | 1980-12-23 | 1982-07-15 | Artur Dr.H.C. 7244 Waldachtal Fischer | Aus einem kunststoff-spreizduebel und einer befestigungsschraube bestehender befestigungssatz |
DE3116424A1 (de) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-11-11 | Hilti AG, 9494 Schaan | Duebel |
DE3308755A1 (de) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-13 | Hilti Ag, Schaan | Kunststoffspreizduebel |
US4710223A (en) * | 1986-03-21 | 1987-12-01 | Rockwell International Corporation | Infiltrated sintered articles |
DE3910702A1 (de) * | 1989-04-03 | 1990-10-04 | Guenter Oldendorf | Mehrteiliger duebel |
DE3917498A1 (de) * | 1989-05-30 | 1990-12-06 | Hilti Ag | Kunststoff-spreizduebel |
FR2682725B1 (fr) * | 1991-10-16 | 1995-02-24 | Prospection & Inventions | Cheville pour fixation d'une piece a une paroi support de faible epaisseur. |
-
1994
- 1994-02-08 DE DE4403894A patent/DE4403894A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1994-12-08 HU HU9502286A patent/HUT73277A/hu unknown
- 1994-12-08 AT AT95903328T patent/ATE173526T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-12-08 PL PL94310402A patent/PL174289B1/pl unknown
- 1994-12-08 SK SK1232-95A patent/SK123295A3/sk unknown
- 1994-12-08 EP EP95903328A patent/EP0693162B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-08 ES ES95903328T patent/ES2126244T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-08 BR BR9405919A patent/BR9405919A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-12-08 JP JP7520922A patent/JP2851440B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-12-08 CZ CZ952603A patent/CZ260395A3/cs unknown
- 1994-12-08 CA CA002158755A patent/CA2158755A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-12-08 DE DE59407305T patent/DE59407305D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-12-08 SI SI9420009A patent/SI9420009A/sl unknown
- 1994-12-08 WO PCT/EP1994/004079 patent/WO1995022007A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-12-08 RU RU95117985A patent/RU2112898C1/ru active
- 1994-12-08 KR KR1019950704333A patent/KR960702068A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-12-27 ZA ZA9410314A patent/ZA9410314B/xx unknown
-
1995
- 1995-01-16 HR HRP4403894.1A patent/HRP950020A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-01-31 YU YU5395A patent/YU5395A/sh unknown
- 1995-02-08 CN CN95101748A patent/CN1117563A/zh active Pending
- 1995-08-10 US US08/507,221 patent/US5655864A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-10-06 NO NO953998A patent/NO953998L/no unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106351932A (zh) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-01-25 | 广州市中标螺丝制造有限公司 | 一种面板连接螺钉 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SK123295A3 (en) | 1996-03-06 |
HU9502286D0 (en) | 1995-12-28 |
NO953998L (no) | 1995-12-08 |
DE59407305D1 (de) | 1998-12-24 |
JPH08504025A (ja) | 1996-04-30 |
ATE173526T1 (de) | 1998-12-15 |
HRP950020A2 (en) | 1997-02-28 |
ES2126244T3 (es) | 1999-03-16 |
EP0693162A1 (de) | 1996-01-24 |
NO953998D0 (no) | 1995-10-06 |
HUT73277A (en) | 1996-07-29 |
JP2851440B2 (ja) | 1999-01-27 |
BR9405919A (pt) | 1995-12-19 |
PL310402A1 (en) | 1995-12-11 |
CA2158755A1 (en) | 1995-08-17 |
EP0693162B1 (de) | 1998-11-18 |
YU5395A (sh) | 1997-08-22 |
SI9420009A (en) | 1995-12-31 |
WO1995022007A1 (de) | 1995-08-17 |
CZ260395A3 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
DE4403894A1 (de) | 1995-08-10 |
PL174289B1 (pl) | 1998-07-31 |
RU2112898C1 (ru) | 1998-06-10 |
US5655864A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
ZA9410314B (en) | 1995-08-05 |
KR960702068A (ko) | 1996-03-28 |
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