CN1347649A - Biological pesticide and its production process - Google Patents

Abstract

A biological pesticide for preventing and controlling plant fungus diseases and virus diseases is prepared by using rhubarb 60-140 weight portions, blackberrylily rhizome 100-140 weight portions, bark of himalayan coralbean 50-90 weight portions, and natural plant tannin 30-70 weight portions and through crushing into 40 mesh over fine powder, mixing, twice water boiling and mixing the boiled liquid. It has specific effect and high specificity on preventing and controlling plant fungus diseases and virus diseases.

Description

A kind of biopesticide and production method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to prevent and treat the production method of biopesticide and this biopesticide thereof of plant mycosis and virus disease.

Background technology

There is abundant resources of medicinal plant in China, 220 plant species agricultural chemicals have just been put down in writing in " Chinese soil pesticide will " book that nineteen fifty-nine publishes, adhere to 86 sections separately, natural active matter with desinsection, sterilization, is 90% as 30 times of infusions of blackberry lily to potato late blight spore-germination inhibiting rate, 15 times of water cooking liquids of artemisia annua are 50-60% to the control efficiency of wheat leaf rust, these single plants are used for agriculture chemicals fungicide, not only employed liquor strength height, expend Chinese herbal medicine resource, improved control cost, and drug effect is good inadequately to corps diseases.For this reason, many in recent years enterprises set foot in the further research and development to plant pesticide, a kind of biopesticide that the Chengdu En Wei pharmaceutical Co. Ltd that reports as " agricultural chemicals " magazine the 3rd phase of calendar year 2001 of Shenyang Chemical Engineering Inst's publication produces, it is to make compound with hop, tarragon and levisticum, 14 kinds of fungi pathogeny bacterium such as rice sheath blight disease, rice blast, wheat scab and tobacco leaf bacterial wilt, two kinds of bacteriums of edible mushroom bacillus there is inhibitory action in various degree, its weak point is: 1, can only prevent and treat plant mycosis, can not prevent and treat the viroses of plant; 2, bactericidal effect is lower, can only suppress, and lacks specificity.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly prevent and treat plant mycosis and virus disease is effective, the biopesticide of high specificity.

Another object of the present invention provides the production method of this biopesticide.

For realizing the purpose of invention, the biopesticide that is provided comprises rheum officinale, erythrina bark, blackberry lily and natural plants tannin, and its weight portion is:

Rheum officinale 60-140 erythrina bark 50-90

Blackberry lily 100-140 natural plants tannin 30-70.

Optimum weight part of this biopesticide each component is:

Rheum officinale 65-75 erythrina bark 70-80

Blackberry lily 100-110 natural plants tannin 40-55.

Above-mentioned natural plants tannin is to be rich in the plant dry product of the acid tannin of natural nutgall more than 20%.

Above-mentioned blackberry lily, the available rose of Sharon is replaced.

The production method of this biopesticide comprises the steps: successively

A, pulverizing are that the proportioning of rheum officinale 60-140, erythrina bark 50-90, blackberry lily 90-140 and natural plants tannin 30-70 is chosen rheum officinale, erythrina bark, blackberry lily and natural plants tannin according to weight portion, are ground into the above fine powder of 40 orders, evenly mix;

B, a poach, mixed fine powder is put into closed container, and in closed container, add the 2.7-12 water doubly of fine powder total weight parts, be heated to 100 ℃-120 ℃, under stirring condition, kept this temperature 30-60 minute, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃ and kept this temperature 30-60 minute then, again be cooled to naturally under the condition of abundant ingress of air be not less than 5 ℃ after, leave standstill to deposit and be no less than 12 hours, filter at last, a soup;

C, secondary poach, the 2.7-7 water doubly that in the dregs of a decoction behind a poach, adds the fine powder total weight parts, be heated to 100 ℃-170 ℃, under this temperature, kept 40-80 minute, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃ then, under this temperature, kept 30 minutes, filter at last, get the secondary soup;

D, merge soup, after soup and secondary soup are fully mixed, leave standstill again to deposit and be no less than 12 hours, biopesticide.

The present invention be with four the flavor natural Chinese medicinal herb be raw material, through the above-mentioned pulverizing and the production method of twice specific boiled process, prepare efficient, wide spectrum, low toxicity, safely, meet the biopesticide of world's organic farming and China pollution-free food AA grade standard, being used for agriculture chemicals fungicide with single plant compares, the effect of preventing and treating plant mycosis and virus disease improves more than hundred times, do not have industrial pollution in the production process, cost is low.Specifically carefully state as follows:

1, prevents and treats effective, the high specificity of plant mycosis; The active component of the contained plant glycosides of this biopesticide, alkali, acid, can be behind disease fungal infection plant, synthesizing of preferential participation germ protease and nucleic acid polymerase, make germ after receiving wrong hereditary information, lose breeding and survival ability, thereby the protective plant cell is not encroached on, and realizes preventing and treating the purpose of disease fungi harm plant; This biopesticide is prevented and treated plant mycosis by three kinds of approach, the one, the moisture in the blocking-up disease fungi ingress of air, suppress the growth of mycelia or spore, the 2nd, the catch an illness disease fungi of plant of aggegation, destroy, decompose disease fungal cell albumen, the 3rd, suppress the synthetic of disease fungal nucleic acid polymerase, suppress the disease fungus breeding, thereby make old complaint evil fungi atrophy death, new disease fungi is irreproducible; Therefore, this biopesticide is in the field control plant mycosis, and it is efficient at 85%-95%, for example:

(1). peppery (sweet) green pepper eqpidemic disease, the tomato late blight, the eggplant cotton disease, the incidence probability height, spread speed is fast, in case take place in the field, particularly at low temperature, take place in the protection ground booth winter of high humility, if can not disease controlling in 2-3 days, just have the possibility of total crop failure, its residual germ also can continue to endanger section crop more than next batch, existing chemical pesticide bactericide, all can not high concentration use continuously in a short time, also easily produce drug resistance, it is slow to take effect, use biopesticide of the present invention, only need to spray once by instructions for use after 3 of that afternoons of finding diseased plant, the next afternoon is irritated root once, the grave illness plant is sprayed 1 meter scope on every side simultaneously, the 3rd day afternoon or the 4th day morning get final product complete disease controlling, and the pathogeny fungi more than 90% is killed, the site of pathological change drying, no longer include the water soaking mode scab, be to guarantee the completeness of sterilization, can suitably spray again or irritate root once that its field result of treatment can reach more than 95%;

(2), cucumber downy mildew, this disease is the main disease of protection ground plastic tent cucumber, morbidity and spread speed are exceedingly fast, with traditional chemical pesticide bactericide, the uncontrollable state of an illness spreads, use biopesticide of the present invention, every 15-20 days winter, irritated root or sprinkling in the every 20-30 of spring and autumn days once, can guarantee that disease does not take place the plant more than 90%, if not prevention, in case downy mildew takes place in the field, to spray once on request later on 3 of that afternoons of falling ill, the next afternoon irritates root again and sprays once, to the medication of disease plant emphasis, get final product disease controlling, the plant more than 95% recovers growth, does not influence output substantially; Scab of cucumber is a kind of soil survival period 10-20, the crushing mycosis that difficulty of prevention and cure is big, still there is not the control of special efficacy chemical bactericide at present, in case morbidity, extremely difficult the elimination, also endanger other ground family crop, use biopesticide of the present invention, need double to irritate root and use, spray plant comprehensively, smear site of pathological change, can treat scab of cucumber,, when transplant planting, be stained with the root cultivation with this biopesticide in the area that former years, this disease took place, and sprayed once together with ground every 15 days in the whole growth phase comprehensively, can kill the pathogeny in the soil, when growing seedlings, soak seed, kill the germ on the cucumber seeds with 50% of the positive usual amounts concentration of this biopesticide;

(3), powdery mildew of strawberry is the frequently-occurring disease of strawberry, and strawberry bear fruit and the maturing stage can not be stained with open fire, otherwise decayed fruit, can only use systemic fungicide, biopesticide of the present invention has good interior absorption and quick-acting, only need irritate root on request or with drip irrigation equipment with the use of watering, strawberry more than 95% is prevented and treated or the powdery mildew of strawberry more than 90% obtains medical treatment;

(4), the custard squash powdery mildew is a common frdquently encountered disease, with the medication of rotating at regular intervals of traditional chemical bactericide, also usually be that old complaint does not heal, new disease is sent out again, both influenced product quality, easily give birth to malformed fruit again, also increase production cost, use biopesticide of the present invention, in killing pathogenic bacteria, improved the resistance against diseases of custard squash, under the normal condition, irritate root once about 20 days, the plant more than 95% is not encroached on, during morbidity just, disease plant is irritated root and to diseased plant and emphasis sprinkling on every side, can make the state of an illness controlled, and plant recovers growth.

(5), eggplant verticillium wilt, the soil survival period of its germ reaches 7-12, can infect cotton, and difficulty of prevention and cure is big, still there is not the special efficacy chemical bactericide at present, use biopesticide of the present invention, disease plant doubled medication, irritated in per 2 days root once, continuous three times and spray diseased plant and around, cure rate can reach more than 85%, later on once, after medication 5-7 time, can eradicate the residual germ in the soil every constant medication in 20 days;

(6), downy mildew is the common fault on the grape, because grape is a perennial plant, use the chemical pesticide bactericide year after year, dosage continues to increase, human body and plant itself are produced harm, contaminated environment, biopesticide of the present invention can be reused in a short time and can not produce drug resistance, to plant and human body safety, open-air grape, blade has good tack, the plastic greenhouse grape,, high humidity low, airless early spring in temperature, control rate can reach more than 90%, eliminates the influence of this disease to output substantially, obviously is better than using various chemical bactericides;

Biopesticide of the present invention, plant fungal disease many, that difficulty of prevention and cure is big except that, harm section fast and have that control efficiency is good above 6 kinds of incidence of disease height, spread speed, the high specificity, also to fungal disease and Deuteromycotina fungal diseases such as the sub-spore except that gray mold, silk spore, sickle spore, chain lattice spore, nuclear disk, wheel branches, all good in the environment of equal field than chemical pesticide fungicide effect, the integrated control rate all can reach more than 90%, and price only is 50%;

2, good, the high specificity of prevention and treatment effect on plant viral diseases;

The viroses of plant are serious day by day, bring very big harm to agricultural production, still the special efficacy chemical agent that does not have at present control, normally used virus of A, ZhiBingLing(SIC), Deng No. 1, chemical agent and counterpoison, all be passivation virus, can not kill virus, its result of treatment is less than 30%, and biopesticide of the present invention is to use vegetable alkaloid, glycosides, the active component of acid, virulent plant cell is dyed in aggegation, break virus cell protein coating suppresses the synthetic of viral DNA or RNA nucleic acid polymerase, strand or the two strands of fracture viral DNA or RNA, make virus lose replication capacity, inactivation of viruses is repaired the plant cell of being encroached on simultaneously, promotes plant to grow up, plant itself is not produced poisoning, use on request, can prevent and treat the viral diseases of plants more than 95%, its integrated control effect can reach more than 85% in the field, high specificity, as:

(1), solanaceous vegetable and cucumber, responsive to various plants virus, suffer virus infraction easily, often being that multiple virus is compound infects, non-instrumentation can't be differentiated, and has more increased difficulty of prevention and cure, biopesticide of the present invention, at the plant their early stage, on request at 3 medications later on that afternoon, logotype 3 times, each interval 1-2 days, the controlled PD, and in 7-15 days, make the diseased plant more than 85% recover growth;

(2), little custard squash mosaic disease (CYMV), the main harm cucurbitaceous plant, and can infect the plant of 10 sections, spread speed is fast on the custard squash in spring and early autumn, have sudden, in case morbidity is difficult to control, a large amount of malformed fruits of association, particularly at the protection ground of broad irrigation custard squash, from the infected only 2-3 of plant days of discovery diseased plant to 80%, still there is not the special effect agent control at present, use biopesticide of the present invention, in 3 days, spray 1 time, irritate root 2 times, can disease controlling spread,, suitably append and spray and filling root number of times the treatment of disease plant emphasis, but the virus of deactivation more than 90%, plant recovers growth in 7-15 days;

3, improve the Chinese herbal medicine availability, biopesticide of the present invention, its bactericidal effect improves more than 200 times than single Chinese herbal medicine bactericidal effect, reaches as high as more than 800 times, has saved Chinese herbal medicine resource;

4, help protecting environment and human body safety, present common chemical agriculture chemicals fungicide, it mainly is organic sulfur, organic phosphor arsenic nitrogen, connection is for benzene, heterocycle, composite dose of copper agent and chemistry, according to sanitary standard, access times are all arranged, residual quantity, the regulation of human body daily intaking amount and safety interval, these chemical pesticide bactericide all can destroy the ecological balance because of long-term the use, contaminated environment, biopesticide of the present invention, various natural plant compositions easily decompose at occurring in nature, decomposition rate is faster in the sun, and toxicity is very low, does not generally need to take the treatment measure after wrongly taking;

5, can in producing, organic farming use, biopesticide of the present invention, what adopt is natural plant raw material, through twice poach preparation, no matter be traditional farming or organic farming, can use,, all allow to use botanical biological pesticide as the organic food agricultural production standard EU-2092/91 of European Union, the organic food working system of the U.S., the pollution-free food AA grade standard and the organic food standards of China;

6, abundant raw material, the medicinal plant raw material that the present invention is used has a large amount of distributions in China, and can establishing in large scale;

7, production process is pollution-free, production method of the present invention, do not clean raw material before feeding intake, the dregs of a decoction behind twice poach have passed through hot fermentation, can reprocess to organic manure applies the farmland, increase the organic matter in the soil, meet the requirement of organic farming, therefore there are not industrial wastewater, waste sludge discharge, environmentally safe, pollution-free.

Embodiment

Example 1

Choose rheum officinale 70 gram, erythrina bark 90 grams, blackberry lily 110 grams and contain gall nut 90 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, be ground into granularity respectively and be no less than 60 purpose fine powders, put into reactor after evenly mixing, add the water of 1000 grams again, be heated to 100 ℃, under stirring condition, kept this temperature 40 minutes, be cooled to 50 ℃ and kept this temperature 30 minutes then, again be cooled to naturally under the condition of abundant ingress of air be not less than 5 ℃ after, leave standstill and deposit 12 hours, refilter, get a soup; In the dregs of a decoction, add 1000 again and restrain water, be heated to 120 ℃, under this temperature, kept 50 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to 40 ℃, after keeping 30 minutes under this temperature, filter, get the secondary soup; After soup and secondary soup fully mixed, leave standstill and deposit 24 hours, biopesticide, be used to prevent and treat plant mycosis.

Example 2

Choose rheum officinale 90 gram, erythrina bark 80 grams, blackberry lily 130 grams and contain Chinese sumac fruit 100 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, production method is with example 1, biopesticide, be used to prevent and treat plant mycosis.

Example 3

Choose rheum officinale 60 gram, erythrina bark 50 grams, blackberry lily 100 grams and contain myrobalan's 100 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, production method is with example 1, biopesticide, be used to prevent and treat plant mycosis.

Example 4

Choose rheum officinale 110 gram, erythrina bark 90 grams, blackberry lily 140 grams and contain common smoketree branchlet and leaf 215 grams of the acid tannin 33% of natural nutgall, production method is with example 1, biopesticide, be used to prevent and treat plant mycosis.

Example 5

Choose rheum officinale 80 gram, erythrina bark 70 grams, the rose of Sharon 120 grams and contain gall nut 60 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, production method is with example 1, biopesticide, be used to prevent and treat plant mycosis.

Example 6

Choose rheum officinale 70 gram, erythrina bark 90 grams, blackberry lily 110 grams and contain gall nut 90 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, get soup one time by the production method of example 1, this soup is preserved under 20 ℃-40 ℃ temperature; In the dregs of a decoction, add 1000 again and restrain water, be heated to 165 ℃, under this temperature, kept 60 minutes, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to 20 ℃-40 ℃, after keeping 30 minutes under this temperature, filter, get the secondary soup; After soup and secondary soup fully mixed, leave standstill and deposit 24 hours, make the biopesticide that is used to prevent and treat the viroses of plant.

Example 7

Choose rheum officinale 90 gram, erythrina bark 80 grams, blackberry lily 130 grams and contain Chinese sumac fruit 100 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, production method makes the biopesticide that is used to prevent and treat the viroses of plant with example 6.

Example 8

Choose rheum officinale 60 gram, erythrina bark 50 grams, blackberry lily 100 grams and contain myrobalan's 100 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, production method makes the biopesticide that is used to prevent and treat the viroses of plant with example 6.

Example 9

Choose rheum officinale 140 gram, erythrina bark 90 grams, blackberry lily 140 grams and contain common smoketree branchlet and leaf 215 grams of the acid tannin 33% of natural nutgall, production method makes the biopesticide that is used to prevent and treat the viroses of plant with example 1.

Example 10

Choose rheum officinale 130 gram, erythrina bark 70 grams, the rose of Sharon 120 grams and contain gall nut 60 grams of the acid tannin 70% of natural nutgall, production method makes the biopesticide that is used to prevent and treat the viroses of plant with example 1.

The biopesticide that makes with the foregoing description sees Table 1-table 3 in the effect of field control plant mycosis and virus disease.

This biopesticide of table 1. is used to prevent and treat the specificity of plant mycosis

Crop	Disease	Control efficiency
																	Dilute 10 times					Dilute 30 times					Dilute 50 times
		Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5
																	Cucumber	Scab	?90％	?85％	?90％	?85％	95％	?80％	?70％	?80％	?70％	85％	70％	?60％	?60％	?60％	70％
Downy mildew
	Eggplant	Cotton disease
Verticillium wilt
		Peppery (sweet) green pepper	Eqpidemic disease
Black spot
	Tomato		Late blight
Custard squash		Powdery mildew
	Strawberry		Powdery mildew
Sponge gourd		Downy mildew
	Grape		Downy mildew

This biopesticide of table 2. is used to prevent and treat the specificity of the viroses of plant

Disease	Control efficiency
																Dilute 10 times					Dilute 30 times					Dilute 50 times
	Example 6	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9	Example 10	Example 6	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9	Example 10	Example 6	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9	Example 10
																Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)	?85％	80％	80％	?85％	?90％	?80％	?75％	?75％	?80％	?80％	?60％	?55％	?55％	?60％	?75％
Little custard squash mosaic virus (CYMV)
	Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV 2)
Cucumber yellow virus (CYV)
	Cucumber green mottle virus (CGMMV)
Potato virus X (PVX)
	Marmor upsilon (PVY)
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)
	Tobacco Potato Leaf Roll Virus (PLRV) (TLCV)
Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV)
	Melon mosaic virus (MMV)
Apium virus 1 (CeMV)

This biopesticide of table 3. is prevented and treated the broad spectrum activity of plant mycosis

Crop	Disease	Crop	Disease	Crop	Disease
						Cucumber	Fusarium wilt	Muskmelon	Powdery mildew		Early blight
Climing rot	Downy mildew	Brown spot
			Southern blight	Eqpidemic disease	Eggplant		Brown circle star disease
Stalk break	Fusarium wilt	Fusarium wilt
			Pumpkin	Eqpidemic disease			Tomato		Anthracnose	Early blight
Powdery mildew	Early blight	Root rot
				Climing rot		Southern blight		Celery	Verticillium wilt
Sponge gourd	Fusarium wilt	Spot blight			Spot blight
			Powdery mildew	Fusarium wilt		Strawberry			Root rot
	Eqpidemic disease	Peppery (sweet) green pepper			Anthracnose			Eqpidemic disease
			Downy mildew	Root rot			Fusarium wilt
	Leucoplakia				Stalk break			Custard squash	Climing rot
						Fusarium wilt	Fusarium wilt
White star	Eqpidemic disease

Claims (5)

1, a kind of biopesticide is characterized in that comprising rheum officinale, erythrina bark, blackberry lily and natural plants tannin, and its weight portion is:

Rheum officinale 60-140 erythrina bark 50-90

Blackberry lily 100-140 natural plants tannin 30-70.

2. biopesticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight portion of each component is:

Rheum officinale 65-75 erythrina bark 70-80

Blackberry lily 100-110 natural plants tannin 40-55.

3, biopesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the natural plants tannin is to be rich in the plant dry product of the acid tannin of natural nutgall more than 20%.

4, biopesticide according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that replacing blackberry lily with the rose of Sharon.

5, the production method of biopesticide according to claim 1 is characterized in that comprising the steps: successively

A, pulverizing are that the proportioning of rheum officinale 60-140, erythrina bark 50-90, blackberry lily 90-140 and natural plants tannin 30-70 is chosen rheum officinale, erythrina bark, blackberry lily and natural plants tannin according to weight portion, are ground into the above fine powder of 40 orders, evenly mix;

B, a poach, mixed fine powder is put into closed container, and in closed container, add the 2.7-12 water doubly of fine powder total weight parts, be heated to 100 ℃-120 ℃, under stirring condition, kept this temperature 30-60 minute, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃ and kept this temperature 30-60 minute then, again be cooled to naturally under the condition of abundant ingress of air be not less than 5 ℃ after, leave standstill to deposit and be no less than 12 hours, filter at last, a soup;

C, secondary poach, the 2.7-7 water doubly that in the dregs of a decoction behind a poach, adds the fine powder total weight parts, be heated to 100 ℃-170 ℃, under this temperature, kept 40-80 minute, under the condition of abundant ingress of air, be cooled to 20 ℃-50 ℃ then, under this temperature, kept 30 minutes, filter at last, get the secondary soup;

D, merge soup, after soup and secondary soup are fully mixed, leave standstill again to deposit and be no less than 12 hours, biopesticide.