CN1343603A - 用于自行车的换档器 - Google Patents

用于自行车的换档器 Download PDF

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CN1343603A
CN1343603A CN01138401A CN01138401A CN1343603A CN 1343603 A CN1343603 A CN 1343603A CN 01138401 A CN01138401 A CN 01138401A CN 01138401 A CN01138401 A CN 01138401A CN 1343603 A CN1343603 A CN 1343603A
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elastic element
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operating parts
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CN1188314C (zh
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R·韦塞尔
G·布拉施克
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SRAM Deutschland GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K23/00Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips
    • B62K23/02Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips hand actuated
    • B62K23/04Twist grips
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M25/00Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles
    • B62M25/02Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers
    • B62M25/04Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers hand actuated
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20207Multiple controlling elements for single controlled element
    • Y10T74/20256Steering and controls assemblies
    • Y10T74/20268Reciprocating control elements
    • Y10T74/2028Handle bar type
    • Y10T74/20287Flexible control element
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20402Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable]
    • Y10T74/2042Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable] and hand operator
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20402Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable]
    • Y10T74/2042Flexible transmitter [e.g., Bowden cable] and hand operator
    • Y10T74/20438Single rotatable lever [e.g., for bicycle brake or derailleur]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20474Rotatable rod, shaft, or post
    • Y10T74/2048Gear, drum, and cable
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20396Hand operated
    • Y10T74/20474Rotatable rod, shaft, or post
    • Y10T74/20486Drum and cable
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20576Elements
    • Y10T74/20636Detents

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一用于操作一自行车变速器的换档器,包括:一带有内齿结构的壳体,一操作件以及一带有用于拉力绳索之一绳索卷筒的转动件;其中,该操作件具有一成型结构以操作一在转动件上的弹性元件,依此,这个元件在操作件以一释放拉力绳索的换档方向转动时被一直地预张紧,而到一在操作件上的离合器将一在转动件上的爪件拉出时为止,该爪件与壳体中的内齿结构配合作用。不仅该爪件而且该弹性元件与转动件为单件体地连接,因此,就产生了制造及装配换档器的优点。

Description

用于自行车的换档器
技术领域
本发明涉及一用于操作一自行车之变速器的换档器,属于权利要求1之前序部分的技术领域。
背景技术
通过德国专利申请号Nr.19835118.6(其作为国内优先权Nr.19918520.4而公开),公知了一个用于操作一自行车之变速器的换档器,其包括一将该换档器固定在自行车上的壳体,以及一用于操作该换档器的操作元件,一转动元件和一绳索存储装置,特别是一用于卷绕一操作变速器用的绳索的卷轴(筒),其中该转动元件与卷轴(筒)相连接并至少具有一个止动爪,其啮合在壳体中的一止动齿结构中。有利的是在那里,一个操作元件上的带动件在张紧的转动方向上直接地带动该转动元件,与之相反,该转动元件之在相反的转动方向上的运动,亦即在允许转动方向上,通过释放该止动爪而被实现。在该后者所称的转动方向上,一弹簧元件将该转动元件予先张紧,因此,该换档过程被加速地进行。该弹簧元件由一螺旋弹簧组成,其在予张力下被嵌置在转动元件的一凹槽中并被一操作元件上的带动件所操作。
发明内容
按照本发明的换档器同样具有一用于保持所述单个档位的(止动)爪件,但是改进了该螺旋弹簧解决方案,以使一个弹性的元件与一转动元件为一件体地连接并且与一在一操作件上的成型轮廓配合作用。该换档器之一个这样简化的实施方案不仅具有成本的优点,而且能实现一个简便的换档器装配。另外,该转动件与一绳索卷筒相连接,该卷筒可以通过一在操作件上的转动而卷绕一拉力绳索,该拉力绳索则产生直达自行车之变速器的连接。
已经表明,该弹性的元件最好是一个具有一自由弹簧端部的弯曲弹簧,其被设置为凹弯形结构,其中,该前面所称的(成型)轮廓就啮合在该弯曲弹簧之所述凹弯的弧形结构中并且在操作件之转动时将这个(弯曲弹簧)予先张紧。依此,在一个离合器将所述爪件拉出并且为转动件在一释放该拉力绳索的换档方向上释放出(腾空)直达下一个档位的行程以后,该轮廓就在弯曲弹簧的自由弯弧上导滑并在允许转动方向上加速地推移该转动件。在该使拉力绳索张紧的换档方向上,该转动件则被操作件通过齿侧面的配合作用被直接地带动至下一个档位,该档位被所述爪件卡入到壳体之止动齿结构中所限定。
一个与一成型(轮廓)配合作用的弹性元件之一个功能相似的变型同样是一个具有一径向上朝外部指示的突出弯曲结构的及一弹簧端部的弯曲弹簧,该弹簧端部被设置为球状结构并在予应力下靠置在操作件之成型(轮廓)的一支座上。在沿着释放该拉力绳索的换档方向上操作该操作件时,该弯曲弹簧之突出的弯弧结构就以形成一隆起的方式被如此程度地弯曲,以便直至前面所述的离合器释放该用于档位改变的爪件。这一解决方案的优点在于该球状的弹簧端部与在操作件之成型(轮廓)上的支座的配合作用,因为该支座的结构可以被如此地设置,以便在那里沿释放该拉力绳索的换档方向转动该操作件时可以进行一个几乎无摩擦的滚动运动。
最后,建议一弹簧元件的第二变型方案,该方案也是一个弯曲弹簧,然而它具有至少一个螺圈和一个可连接的弹簧端部,该端部可以转动地,而且结构吻合地被定位在操作件之一成型(轮廓)的一容置结构中。此处一个插置连接是有优点的,该连接在装配换档器时就已经可以接合了。这个变型的优点除了换档器装配的可靠性外还在于即使在困难的润滑条件下其操作的低摩擦性能。
由前面所称的描述引出了本发明的任务是,创建一个具有改善之功能的,由较少构件组成的换档器,其中,制造成本相对于公知的换档器实施方案被降低了。
该任务的解决方案被描述在独立权利要求的特征部分中。结构变型方案可由从属权利要求中获得。
下面,借助多个附图阐述一个具有前述特性的换档器。
附图说明
附图中表示:
图1是一在壳体中包括一操作件,一带有一绳索卷筒的转动件的换档器之立体图;
图2是一通过转动件和操作件的局部截面图并描绘了一操作件上的与一转动件上之一弹性元件配合作用的(成型)轮廓;
图3是该转动件(的视图)并具有一在其上一件体地安置的向外凹弯摆出的弯曲弹簧作为弹性元件;
图4是弯曲弹簧的一径向上朝外突弯的变型方案(视图)并具有一球状的弹簧端部靠在操作件上一成型(轮廓)的一支座上;
图5是一设有螺圈的弯曲弹簧(视图),它的弹簧端部可转动地和结构吻合地被接合在一操作件的成型(轮廓)中。
优选实施例描述
如果用1表示一用于操作一自行车变速器的换档器之壳体,则该壳体可被固定在自行车上,尤其该自行车的控制杆上并被如此设置,以便在这壳体中安装一转动件4,其具有一绳索卷筒5,该筒5可缠绕一拉力绳索6,其中,该拉力绳索6用一个端部被固定在自行车变速器上并用另一端部被固定在该绳索卷筒上。另外该壳体1在一内部圆周上置有一内齿结构2,其可以与一爪件7在一释放该拉力绳索6的换档方向上止动地配合作用,其中该爪件7以单件体地安置在转动件4上并可被弹性变形以克服(离开)这些内齿结构2。该内齿结构2具有这样的齿件,它的相互间距最好是每个总计为自行车变速器的一个档位。在该描述的在壳体1中转动件4的安装状态中该转动件4依此仅可以在一个张紧该拉力绳索6的换档方向F上转动,其中,该爪件7相对该内齿结构2作扫过运行。如果该转动件4在该释放拉力绳索6的换档方向S上是可转动的,则爪件7就必须被从内齿结构2中拉出。在绳索卷筒5上加载了一个转矩,其是由源于自行车变速器的拉力绳索6产生的。也就是说如果该爪件17被拉出,那么该转动件4就与绳索卷筒5可在该换档方向S上继续转动。
按照图1,2和3,一弹性元件8与转动件4以单件体地相连接,其中,该弹性元件8由一具有一弹簧端部9的弯曲弹簧构成。该弯曲弹簧被配置为径向上朝外凹弯的结构并依此构成一个弯弧结构。
与转动件4对应配置一操作件3,其具有一个带一鼻件11的离合器10和一带有一轮廓13的成型结构12。该轮廓13当操作件3在释放该拉力绳索6的换档方向S上被转动时,就与所述构造为弯曲弹簧的弹性元件8的弯弧结构配合作用。该成型结构12的轮廓13则导滑在该弹性元件8之弯弧结构上并一直产生予张力,而到该爪件7被离合器10拉出时为止。
按照图4描述了一个弹性元件8a,其与一转动件4a为单件体地连接并由一个弯曲弹簧构成,其是径向上朝外突出的弯曲并具有一个弹簧端部9a,该端部9a是球状的结构配置并在予张力下靠置在一操作件之一成型(结构)12a的一支座13a上。
按照图5、一弹性元件8b使一转动件4b与一操作件3b相连接,其中,该弹性元件8b被设置为具有至少一个螺圈15的弯曲弹簧并具有一个弹簧端部9b,其可以转动地,而且结构吻合地被支承在操作件3b上的一成型(结构)12b之一安装结构13b上。
按照图4和5之变型方案的优点已经被描述,但不是所有变型的换档性在于使拉力绳索6张紧的换档方向上:此处一在操作件3,3a,3b上的第一齿侧面14用于通过一在那里安置的第二齿侧面16带动该转动件4,4a,4b。
最后建议,在转动件4,4a,4b的圆周上不仅设置一个弹性元件8,8a,8b,而且,在一个相对于一转轴线D对称的结构配置中设置其至少两个(元件)。其中这个在相同圆周上的结构配置也要求该弹性元件8,8a,8b之相互间大约相同的间距。原因在于要避免自由的径向上朝外指示的力,因它可能引起附加的摩擦作用。

Claims (10)

1、用于操作一自行车上之变速器的换档器,包括:一带有一内齿结构(2)的壳体(1),一操作件(3,3a,3b)以及一个具有一绳索卷筒(5)以卷绕一拉力绳索(6)的转动件(4,4a,4b),其中在转动件(4,4a,4b)上安置一爪件(7),其与内齿结构(2)配合作用并可以被一离合器(10)拉出,其特征在于:
在操作件(3,3a,3b)和转动件(4,4a,4b)之间安置至少一个弹性元件(8,8a,8b),其以选择方式与操作件(3,3a,3b)或转动件(4,4a,4b)为单件体地连接。
2、按权利要求1的换档器,其特征在于:
该弹性元件(8,8a,8b)与操作件(3,3a,3b)相连接。
3、按权利要求1或2的换档器,其特征在于:
该弹性元件(8,8a,8b)与转动件(4,4a,4b)相连接。
4、按权利要求1或3的换档器,其特征在于:
为了在沿释放该拉力绳索(6)的换档方向(S)上于拉出该爪件(7)之前产生一予张力,一成型(结构)(12)之一在操作件(3)上安置的轮廓(13)被挤压到该弹性元件(8)上。
5、按权利要求1或3的换档器,其特征在于:
为了在沿释放该拉力绳索(6)的换档方向(3)上于拉出该爪件(7)之前产生一予张力,一成型(结构)(12a)之一在操作件(3a)上安置的支座(13a)被挤压到该弹性元件(8a)上。
6、按权利要求5的换档器,其特征在于:
在弹性元件(8a)之弹变跳动时,该弹簧端部(9a)则尽可能不产生摩擦地滚动在支座(13a)上。
7、按权利要求1或3的换档器,其特征在于:
为了在沿释放该拉力绳索(6)的换档方向(S)上于拉出该爪件(7)之前产生一予张力,一成型(结构)(12b)之一在操作件(3b)上安置的安装结构(13b)装有该弹性元件(8b)的弹簧端部(9b)并将所述予张力传递到这个端部上。
8、按权利要求7的换档器,其特征在于:
该弹性元件(8b)是一个具有至少一个螺圈(15)的弯曲弹簧,它的弹簧端部(9b)是可转动地,但又结构吻合地定位在安装结构(13b)中的。
9、按前述权利要求之一的换档器,其特征在于:
该在转动件(4,4a,4b)上安置的弹性元件(8,8a,8b)为了避免向外指示的力向量而被相对于一转轴线(D)安置并相互大致对称地配置。
10、按权利要求9的换档器,其特征在于:
最好是两个弹性元件(8,8a,8b)被大致相反对置地配置。
CNB011384018A 2000-09-05 2001-09-05 用于自行车的换档器 Expired - Fee Related CN1188314C (zh)

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DE10043612A DE10043612A1 (de) 2000-09-05 2000-09-05 Schalter für ein Fahrrad

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EP1186523A2 (de) 2002-03-13
CN1188314C (zh) 2005-02-09
EP1186523B1 (de) 2004-05-26
DE10043612A1 (de) 2002-03-14
EP1186523A3 (de) 2003-07-23
US20020035884A1 (en) 2002-03-28
US6604440B2 (en) 2003-08-12
TW504477B (en) 2002-10-01

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