CN1333087A - 二茂铁二膦钌络合物及使用该络合物作催化剂使d-噻吩的环外双键加氢制备d-四氢噻吩的方法 - Google Patents
二茂铁二膦钌络合物及使用该络合物作催化剂使d-噻吩的环外双键加氢制备d-四氢噻吩的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Divinylene sulfide Natural products C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphane Chemical compound PP VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
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- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WHLKCPQPGTUZBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[9-(4-pyren-1-ylphenyl)fluoren-9-yl]phenyl]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C(C3=CC=C(C=C3)C3(C=4C=CC(=CC=4)C=4C5=CC=C6C=CC=C7C=CC(C5=C76)=CC=4)C4=CC=CC=C4C=4C3=CC=CC=4)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 WHLKCPQPGTUZBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);dihydroxide Chemical compound O[Pd]O NXJCBFBQEVOTOW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- DHCWLIOIJZJFJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichlororuthenium Chemical compound Cl[Ru]Cl DHCWLIOIJZJFJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GTBPUYSGSDIIMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphane;ruthenium Chemical compound P.[Ru] GTBPUYSGSDIIMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F19/00—Metal compounds according to more than one of main groups C07F1/00 - C07F17/00
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D495/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D495/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D495/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
- C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
- C07F17/02—Metallocenes of metals of Groups 8, 9 or 10 of the Periodic Table
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- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
Abstract
一种二茂铁二膦钌络合物是使式3d-噻吩的环外双键加氢制备式4d-四氢噻吩的催化剂。而式3d-噻吩3与式4d-四氢噻吩是合成式1生物素D的中间体。在下式中,R表示-OCH3(3a)、-OCH2CH3(3b)、-OCH2COOH(3c)、-OCH2COOCH3(3d)或-CH2COOEt(3e),Bz表示苄基。
Description
本发明涉及一种对式3d-噻吩(thiophene)加氢成式4d-四氢噻吩(thiophane)是有良好催化作用的均相催化剂二茂铁膦钌络合物以及使用该二茂铁膦钌络合物作催化剂,使式3d-噻吩进行加氢反应成d-四氢噻吩的新制备方法。
生物素D是水溶性维生素B的一种。它在涉及合成糖原、合成脂肪酸等的生化过程的羧基化反应中作为辅助酶起到重要的作用。
对于家禽和猪,缺乏生物素D能引起一连串严重病症。各种缺乏症如使用生物素作饲料添加剂能给予治疗。因此,生物素在商业上是重量的。
戈德堡法(Goldberg)和斯坦巴哈法(Sternbach)的合成曲线,对于工业上生产天然形态的生物素D是最有效的方法之一(US Pat.:2,489,232、2,489,235、2489,238;Helv.Chim.Acta.1970,53,991)。
本发明的目的是提供一种对把化学式3的d-噻吩进行加氢反应成化学式4的四氢噻吩是有良好催化活性的新均相催化剂二茂铁二膦钌络合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种使用该二茂铁二膦钌络合物作催化剂,使式3d-噻吩被加氢反应成式4d-四氢噻吩的新制备方法。
在上述式中,R为-OCH3(3a)、-OCH2CH3(3b)、-OCH2COOH(3c)、-OCH2COOCH3(3d)或-CH2COOEt(3e),Bz为苄基。
迄今,在把化学式3的d-噻吩加氢反应成化学式4d-四氢噻吩中使在C-2、C-3、C-4的位置全部氢都成顺式排列(在化学式1的生物素D的结构中,见所付原子序号),作为非均相催化剂必须使用钯/碳、氢氧化钯/碳或镍催化剂,进行催化加氢反应。但是,使用非均相催化剂时有很多不利。钯/碳(干燥状态)在空气中极其容易变化对象硫这样的催化中毒是非常敏感的。氢氧化钯/碳也仍然是在空气中非常容易变化。虽然镍催化剂的价极低廉,但是对于环外双键加氢反应需要高压和高温。因此,不适用在工业上应用。
本发明者们开发了一种新的均相催化剂使化学式3的d-噻吩在环外双键进行加氢反应成化学式4的d-四氢噻吩并且在C-2、C-3、C-4的位置全部氢都成顺式排列。本发明者所发明的均相催化剂是象1,1’-双(二苯膦基)二茂铁钌络合物的新的二茂铁二膦钌络合物的形式,并能去掉在使用非均相催化剂中所表现出的全部缺点,上述新均相催化剂价格低廉,在空气中稳定,使用方便,并且不需要高温和压力。
在上式中,R表示-OCH3(3a)、-OCH2CH3(3b)、-OCH2COOH(3c)、-OCH2COOCH3(3d)或-CH2COOEt(3e),Bz表示苄基。
本说明的另一目的是提供一种使用均相催化剂使化学式3的d-噻吩进行环外双键的加氢反应成化学式4的d-四氢噻吩并且在C-2、C-3、C-4位置的氢全部成顺式排列的制备方法。
本说明的新均相催化剂是由下述所示结构的络合物所构成的二茂铁二膦钌络合物。
1.[RuCl2(COD)]n+原位PP,
2.[RuCl2(PP)]2(NEt3)及
3.RuHCl(PP)2,
上式中,R1为C1-C12烷基、C5-C12环烷基、用C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基所取代的C5-C12环烷基、苯基或者用C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或卤素所取代的苯基。
n为1-3的整数,并且有混合n为1-3的情况。
若从经济观点考虑,在所有实验的结果中最有效的催化剂是{1,1’--双(二苯膦基)二茂铁二氯钌(II)}2(三乙胺),[RuCl2(BPPF)]2(NEt3)络合物。配位体为已知配位体(J.Organometal.chem.1971,27,241)。
在反应中适当的溶剂为苯、甲苯等芳香烃,二乙醚、四氢呋喃、二噁烷等醚,二氯甲烷、二氯甲烷等卤代烃,甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇等醇,乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等的酯,或者这些溶剂的混合物。理想的溶剂为甲醇。
在加氢反应中如添加少量甲苯,则能增加催化反应的加氢率。这时添加的甲苯的量为1-50%,而最好为10%。但是水对反应不利,当含有0.1%以上的水时,则影响催化反应。
加氢反应的温度为20-150℃,而最好为20-100℃。氢气的压力最好为12-200Kg/cm2,反应时为5小时-3日,而最好为12-24小时。
利用各种二茂铁二膦钌络合物质使式3d-噻吩进行加氢反应成式4的d-四氢噻吩,其反应结束列于表1。
在正确地使用二茂铁二膦配位体与钌络合物时,能得到50%的收率(情况1),但是在使用二茂铁二膦钌络合物[RuCl2(BPPF)]2(NEt3)]时收率为85.1%(情况3)。在最适当的反应条件,反应的率提高,其结果列于表2。
在催化加氢反应中分析4a的收率使用下述的设备。
高效液相色增仪:SHlMADZV SA-10A,
柱:KROMASIL C8
溶剂:乙腈/水(体积比1∶1),流量1.5ml/分。
实施例1
制备RuHCl(BPPF)2:
在反应器中加入2g(7mmol)[RuCl2(COD)]n,(n=1-3),8g(14mmol)[1,1’-双(二苯膦基)二茂铁],4.4ml三乙胺,200ml乙醇,在氮气下回流6小时,反应结束后,完全蒸馏出乙醇,并加入20ml二氯甲烷。滤去不溶物,滴加醚,使之结晶,过滤所结晶的晶体并干燥得到黄色晶体。
实施例2
[RuCl2(BPPF)]2(NEt3)的制备
在氮气下,在反应器中加入2g(7mmol)[RuCL2(COD)]n(n=1-3),4g(mmol)BPPF,4.2ml三乙胺,40ml甲苯,回流10小时,反应完全进行后,冷却到常温。过滤所生成的结晶并干燥得到桔色的晶体,
实施例3
d-四氢噻吩4a的制备:
在氮气下,100ml不锈钢高压反应器加入13g(33mmol)的d-噻吩3a,0.0092g(0.0034mmol)[RuCL2(COD)]n(n=1-3),0.0183g(0.0034mmol)BPPF,25ml甲醇,1.25ml甲苯,吹入氢气置换氮气。在氢气压力34kg/cm2,反应温度100℃,进行24小时加氢反应,反应结束后,完全蒸出甲醇得到6.53g d-四氢噻吩4a(收率=50%)。
实施例4
d-四氢噻吩4a的制备
在氮气下100ml不锈钢高压反应器中加入13g(33mmol)d-噻吩3a,在实施例1所制备的0.041g(0.0034mmol)的[RuHCl(BPPF)2,25ml甲醇,1.25ml甲苯,吹入氢气置换氮气。在氢气压34kg/cm2,反应温度100℃下进行加氢反应24小时。反应结束后,完全蒸馏出甲醇得到7.45g d-四氢噻吩4a(收率=57%)。
实施例5
d-四氢噻吩4a的制备
在氮气下100ml不锈钢高压反应空气中加入13g(33mmol)d-噻吩3a,在实施例2所制备的0.062g(0.0034mmol)[RuCl2(BPPF)]2(NEt3),25ml甲醇,1.25md甲苯,吹入氢气置换氮气。在氢压34kg/cm2,反应温度100℃下进行24小时的加氢反应。反应结束后,完全蒸馏出甲醇,得到13.02g d-四氢噻吩4a(效率=99.7%)。
表1 d-噻吩3a与各种Ru络合物的催化加氢反应a
反应 | 催化剂 | S/C比率 | 效率(%) |
1. | [RuCl2(COD)]n+原位BPPF | 1000 | 50.0 |
2. | RuHCl(BPPF)2 | 1000 | 57.0 |
3. | [RuCl2(BPPF)]2(NEt3) | 1000 | 85.1 |
a反应条件:与实施例3相同。
表2,d-噻吩3a与[RuCl2(BPPF)]2(NEt3)的催化加氢反应a
a.反应条件:与实施例3相同,S/C比率为1000。b.48小时后增加10%催化剂。c.S/C比率=850。d.对d-噻吩3a的甲苯的百分比。
反应 | 反应时间(h) | 温度(℃) | 甲苯(%)d | 效率(%) |
1 | 24 | 60 | 0 | 78.4 |
2 | 24 | 120 | 0 | 67.8 |
3 | 24 | 100 | 0 | 85.1 |
4 | 48 | 100 | 0 | 85.4 |
5 | 72 | 100 | 0 | 88.4b |
6 | 24 | 100 | 5.0 | 86.6 |
7 | 24 | 100 | 8.0 | 91.8 |
8 | 24 | 100 | 12.0 | 92.8 |
9 | 24 | 100 | 12.0 | 99.7c |
10 | 24 | 100 | 25.0 | 45.4 |
迄今,为了使d-噻吩加氢反应成d-四氢噻吩都使用非均相催化剂钯/C、氢氧化钯/C或镍催化剂。但是,这些非均相催化剂具有价格非常高,在空气中容易变化,对硫等催化剂中毒极其敏感,并且加氢反应需要高压和高温下进行等缺点。
但是如使用本说明的新的均相催化剂二茂铁二膦钌络合物进行加氢反应,则能克服上述非均相催化的各种缺点。
Claims (5)
1.一种二茂铁二膦钌络合物均相催化剂,其特征是从下述所示1-3的结构式所表示的二茂铁二膦钌络合物中选择的,
1.[RuCl2(COD)]n+原位PP,
2.[RuCl2(PP)]2(NEt3)或
3.RuHCl(PP)2,
其中,COD为下述结构的环辛二烯,PP为下述结构的二膦配位体,
式中,R1为C1-C12烷基、C5-C12环烷基、由C1-C4烷基或C1-C4烷氧基所取代的C5-C12环烷基,苯基,或由从C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基及卤素中所选择的取代基所取代的苯基,n为1-3的整数。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,加氢反应是在苯、甲苯的芳香烃,二乙醚、四氢呋喃、二噁烷的醚,二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷的卤代烃,甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇的醇,乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯的酯或者这些溶剂的混合物中进行。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的制备方法,加氢反应是在芳香烃例如苯、甲苯与从由直链醚例如二甲醚或二乙醚,环状醚例如四氢呋喃或二噁烷,卤代烃例如二氯甲烷或二氯乙烷,醇例如甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇及酯例如乙酸乙酯或乙酸丁酯所构成的一组中所选择的混合溶剂中进行。
5.根据权利要求2、3或4所述的制备方法,加氢反应是在甲苯和甲醇的混合溶剂中进行。
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EP00202177A EP1167373A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2000-06-22 | Ferrocenyldiphosphine-ruthenium complexes and a hydrogenation process of exocyclic double bond of d-thiophene to d-thiophane |
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Cited By (5)
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CN101215291B (zh) * | 2008-01-10 | 2010-12-29 | 复旦大学 | (+)-生物素及其衍生物的合成方法 |
CN106582852A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院 | 一种二茂铁双膦‑铑(ⅰ)手性催化剂的制备方法 |
CN106892931A (zh) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-27 | 安徽泰格生物技术股份有限公司 | 一种生物素中间体的提纯方法 |
CN113499771A (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-10-15 | 苏州欣诺科生物科技有限公司 | 钌炭催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114891019A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-08-12 | 复旦大学 | 一种乙烯基硫醚化合物的连续流制备方法 |
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JP4434825B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-08 | 2010-03-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | インパルス波形生成装置 |
EP1702934B1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2015-05-06 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. | Method of producing hydrogenated polymers |
US20090199044A1 (en) * | 2008-01-31 | 2009-08-06 | Hurrell Nicholas J | Device self-maintenance |
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US2489232A (en) * | 1949-11-22 | Synthesis of biotin | ||
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JPH07330776A (ja) * | 1994-06-08 | 1995-12-19 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | ビオチン誘導体の製造法 |
JPH09227564A (ja) * | 1995-12-20 | 1997-09-02 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | イミダゾール誘導体の製造法 |
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101215291B (zh) * | 2008-01-10 | 2010-12-29 | 复旦大学 | (+)-生物素及其衍生物的合成方法 |
CN106582852A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院 | 一种二茂铁双膦‑铑(ⅰ)手性催化剂的制备方法 |
CN106582852B (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2019-04-05 | 黑龙江省科学院石油化学研究院 | 一种二茂铁双膦-铑(ⅰ)手性催化剂的制备方法 |
CN106892931A (zh) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-06-27 | 安徽泰格生物技术股份有限公司 | 一种生物素中间体的提纯方法 |
CN113499771A (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-10-15 | 苏州欣诺科生物科技有限公司 | 钌炭催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114891019A (zh) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-08-12 | 复旦大学 | 一种乙烯基硫醚化合物的连续流制备方法 |
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