CN1330813C - 用于制造粘合非织造织物的方法以及相应的非织造织物 - Google Patents

用于制造粘合非织造织物的方法以及相应的非织造织物 Download PDF

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CN1330813C
CN1330813C CNB028113675A CN02811367A CN1330813C CN 1330813 C CN1330813 C CN 1330813C CN B028113675 A CNB028113675 A CN B028113675A CN 02811367 A CN02811367 A CN 02811367A CN 1330813 C CN1330813 C CN 1330813C
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吕德·戈金
格罗德·弗莱斯纳
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Truetzschler Nonwovens GmbH
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    • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/016—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the fineness
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D04H5/03—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling by fluid jet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
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    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/62—Including another chemically different microfiber in a separate layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/621—Including other strand or fiber material in a different layer not specified as having microdimensions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/608—Including strand or fiber material which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/614—Strand or fiber material specified as having microdimensions [i.e., microfiber]
    • Y10T442/626—Microfiber is synthetic polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/696—Including strand or fiber material which is stated to have specific attributes [e.g., heat or fire resistance, chemical or solvent resistance, high absorption for aqueous compositions, water solubility, heat shrinkability, etc.]

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  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造粘合非织造织物的方法以及相应的非织造织物。膜裂纤维由多种聚合物组成，就其制造来说是很昂贵的。按熔喷法制造的纤维，其强度由于拉伸气流必须被加热至高温而受到不利影响，并常常被撕断成短纤维。有利地，非织造织物或部分非织造织物用长丝制得，这种长丝是在制造过程中由于纤维内部静液压力很高而沿纵向爆裂成约2μm尺寸级的单丝，从而得到非常纤细、结实的连续单丝。根据本发明，由这种细纤维制成的非织造织物用水力针刺进行加固，以得到耐磨的揩拭非织造织物。

Description

用于制造粘合非织造织物的方法以及相应的非织造织物
本发明涉及一种用于制造由至少部分微细长丝构成的粘合非织造织物的方法以及按此方法制成的非织造织物。
由DE-A-199 29 709已知一种纤维制造方法，其中，由仅仅某一种聚合物的聚合物融熔物构成的丝线从许多喷丝孔中纺制出来，纺制的丝线通过借助一加速喷嘴如拉瓦尔喷嘴(Lavalduese)加速到高速的、基本上冷的气流得以拉伸，每根丝线由于其他生产条件的原因在固化之前具有一静液内压力，这个内压力大于周围的气体压力，这样，每根丝线就沿纵向爆裂并劈开成许多更纤细的长丝。接着，这种连续的微纤维可被继续铺成任意幅宽的非织造织物。
这种纤维制造方法与按照熔喷法(也是用来制造微纤维的)的现有技术相比具有显著优点。丝线非常细，平均直径约为2或3μm，并且即便具有这样的直径也还基本上是连续的。因为丝线不象在熔喷法中那样用热气流拉伸，所以它们未经受热损伤，具有高的强度。丝线可以用任何可熔融纺丝的聚合物制造。
微纤维(Mikrofaser)也称作膜裂纤维(Splitfaser)。它们是由这样的丝线组成的：即，丝线由多种聚合物纺制，并接着在铺成非织造织物之后例如通过水射束被劈开。这种方法例如在US-A-5970583或DE-A-19934442中有所介绍。这种微纤维制造方法花费较大并导致另一产品，这是因为，所纺制的丝线由不同的聚合物构成且直到铺成非织造织物之后才可制得劈开的长丝。
对于如上所述的制得的微纤维进行加固处理(非织造织物粘合工艺，Verfestigung)是必要的。
为此，本发明提供一种用于制造由至少部分微细长丝构成的粘合非织造织物的方法，所述长丝由可融熔的聚合物制成，a)其中，仅仅某一种聚合物的聚合物融熔物从许多喷丝孔中纺制出来，纺制的丝线通过借助一加速喷嘴加速到高速的、基本上冷的气流被拉伸；每根丝线由于其他生产条件的原因在固化之前具有一静液内压力，这个内压力大于周围的气体压力，这样，每根丝线就沿纵向爆裂并劈开成许多纤细的微纤维，b)连续地将这种由仅仅某一种聚合物构成的微纤维铺成任意幅宽的非织造织物，c)并继续对这个非织造织物施以水力的水射束，使所述微纤维相互缠结，从而加固这种由纵向已劈开的长丝构成的非织造织物。
相应地，本发明还提供了一种按上述方法制成的粘合非织造织物。
本发明的构思是对其施以水力针刺。在此，这是特别有效的，因为这样制得的非常纤细的、在加工后铺设的长丝可以通过水刺容易地被移距，并且，尽管其具有连续性，还是可以与相邻的纤维缠结起来。即使是在这种非织造织物变湿的时候，也一样可以得到一种耐磨的产品。该产品不仅耐磨，而且还不会发生起球效应，因为这种缠结的长丝(即使是对普通的长丝而言)由于其纵向强度之故很难用水移距。
水力针刺的应用在本领域已经是熟知的了。对于熔喷的纤维来说，可参阅EP-A-0 333 228，而对于膜裂纤维来说，还可参阅US-A-4233 349。在这种情况下，采用水刺特别有利，因为：该已然由纤细的长丝制成的产品(尽管有连续的纤维)可以用水射束进行加固针刺，从而，这种粘合非织造织物在日后的使用当中不会出现起球效应。此非织造织物表面柔软、匀整，因而对于在工业中许多应用目的的使用都非常有利。

Claims (9)

1.用于制造由至少部分微细长丝构成的粘合非织造织物的方法，所述长丝由可融熔的聚合物制成，
a)其中，仅仅某一种聚合物的聚合物融熔物从许多喷丝孔中纺制出来，纺制的丝线通过借助一加速喷嘴加速到高速的、基本上冷的气流被拉伸；每根丝线由于其他生产条件的原因在固化之前具有一静液内压力，这个内压力大于周围的气体压力，这样，每根丝线就沿纵向爆裂并劈开成许多纤细的微纤维，
b)连续地将这种由仅仅某一种聚合物构成的微纤维铺成任意幅宽的非织造织物，
c)并继续对这个非织造织物施以水力的水射束，使所述微纤维相互缠结，从而加固这种由纵向已劈开的长丝构成的非织造织物。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，再将非织造织物与其他的纤维混合或结合，所述其他的纤维已经预设在所述微纤维下面和/或接着被铺设到所述微纤维上面。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述其他的纤维由天然的纤维或者别的合成纤维组成。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述其他的纤维由木浆纤维连同别的合成纤维一起组成。
5.如权利要求2至4之任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述其他的纤维为短纤维和/或长丝。
6.如权利要求1至4之任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述加速喷嘴为拉瓦尔喷嘴。
7.粘合非织造织物，它至少部分由微纤维构成，
a)由仅仅某一种聚合物的聚合物融熔物构成的丝线从许多喷丝孔中纺制出来，纺制的丝线通过借助一加速喷嘴加速到高速的气流被拉伸，在接下来铺成非织造织物之前，每根丝线由于其他生产条件的原因在固化之前具有一静液内压力，这个内压力大于周围的气体压力，这样，每根丝线就沿纵向爆裂并劈开成许多纤细的微纤维，
b)通过水力针刺，对其单独地进行加固或者是与其他的纤维一起进行加固。
8.如权利要求7所述的非织造织物，其特征在于，所述其他的纤维为短纤维和/或长丝。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的非织造织物，其特征在于，劈开的微纤维铺设在一个由化学纤维构成的基衬层上，并作为铺设于微纤维上面的一木浆层的分隔层。
CNB028113675A 2001-06-07 2002-06-04 用于制造粘合非织造织物的方法以及相应的非织造织物 Expired - Fee Related CN1330813C (zh)

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ITMI20030805A1 (it) 2003-04-17 2004-10-18 Orlandi Spa Non-tessuto a base di fibre esplose o fibre multicomponenti splittabili.
DE10322460B4 (de) * 2003-05-16 2007-02-08 Corovin Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Spinnvlieses aus Filamenten aus aufgeplatzten Fasern, Filamente aus aufgeplatzen Fasern und Vliesstoff
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ATE311493T1 (de) 2005-12-15
ES2254689T3 (es) 2006-06-16
DK1402099T3 (da) 2006-03-27
DE50205125D1 (de) 2006-01-05
US20070004304A1 (en) 2007-01-04
EP1402099A1 (de) 2004-03-31
CN1513070A (zh) 2004-07-14
JP2004527673A (ja) 2004-09-09

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