CN1301053C - Seed selection of drought desert, Gobi dessert beach high yield large dates - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to seed selection for planting large red jujubes with a high yield on arid desert and gobi. The present invention comprises a breeding environment, and breeding is carried out in Shantong, Hebei, Hanan, Beijing and Shanxi regions. The anvil selects jujube cores of Yimeng small acids jujubes as seedlings, collected jujube cores are stored for 55 to 65 days under the temperature of 0 DGE C to 2 DGE C, jujube cores are immersed in thiourea which contains 500 mg per liter for four to five hours before being seeded, jujube cores are seeded at seedling beds early in April, and seedlings are grafted on the anvil when seedlings are 0.3 to 1.5 centimeters longer than a tree diameter. Scions can arbitrarily use the varieties of China Toshi jujubes No. 6, Yimeng dong jujubes, Xiaoxue jujubes or Dayuan jujubes, Changhong jujubes, Jun jujubes and Hui jujubes as stock plants to be grafted on the anvil. After grafted seedlings survive, when grafted seedlings are 0.8 to 1.8 centimeters longer than the tree diameter, grafted seedlings can be planted on desert and gobi in spring. Jujube seeds selected by the present invention can adapt to the conditions of severe arid and poor environments with little rain, large diurnal amplitude and strong sunshine. Jujube seeds selected by the present invention have the advantages of high yield, strong adaptability, good mouth feel, good commodity value, no virus harm and little possibility to be infected by toxin diseases.

Description

The seed choosing method of a kind of drought desert, the big red date of Gobi desert high-yield planting

Technical field

The invention belongs to the seed choosing method of a kind of drought desert, the big red date of Gobi desert high-yield planting.

Background technology

Drought desert, Gobi desert etc. are unfavorable for that the area badly of plant growing accounts for about 20% of China's area, under this arid, short of rain, barren, the day and night temperature severe environmental conditions at big, strong sunshine, rare plant growing, above-mentioned area can only grow the usually drought-enduring undershrub and the weeds of a small amount of no economic worth.Thereby cause the above-mentioned regional people who survives, rare income, living standard is low.For this reason, seeking or cultivate the economic crops that can grow under the severe environmental conditions in above-mentioned area is the urgent task of China's agri-scientific research.

Summary of the invention

The seed choosing method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of drought desert, the big red date of Gobi desert high-yield planting, make the jujube kind of selecting to adapt to arid, short of rain, saline and alkaline barren, the day and night temperature severe environmental conditions at big, strong sunshine, and output height, adaptability is strong, mouthfeel is good, commodity value is excellent, the anosis murder by poisoning and the advantage of easy infection toxinosis not.

Seed selection of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1) breeding environment is in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Beijing and Shanxi area carry out;

(2) selection of this anvil, examine the kind of growing seedlings with kind of benevolence jujube full, the age of tree little wild jujube in Yimeng more than 3 years, that gather for 9～October then, the jujube nuclear of gathering was deposited 55～65 days under 0 ℃～-2 ℃ temperature, before the sowing jujube nuclear immersed every liter and contain in 500 milligrams the thiocarbamide 4～5 hours, at the beginning of 4 months, be seeded in the seedbed, treat seedling grow to tree-walk be 0.3 centimetre～1.5 centimetres for this anvil of grafting;

(3) scion select Chinese Dali jujube for use No. 6, Yimeng winter jujube, slight snow jujube or the kind of big garden tinkling of pieces of jade jujube, long red date, fine horse jujube, grey jujube do maternal plant, maternal plant is must kind pure, robust growth, disease-free and high yield high-quality, branch as scion, select that tissue enriches, the middle and upper part of full 1 year livings developmental branch of sprout for use, the grafting method and the grafting of this anvil of employing scion grafting, bud grafting;

(4) wait upon after grafting survives, when the tree-walk that grows is 0.8 centimetre～1.8 centimetres, can treat to be planted in spring on drought desert, the Gobi desert.

The seed selection tree that is applicable to the big red date of planting in drought desert, Gobi desert that the present invention cultivates has following advantage:

1, the present invention shows through kind contrast, screening, cultivation and the planting experiment of more than ten years, the invention provides the seed selection of big red date, well developed root system, drought-resistant, anti-saline land, cold-resistant, happiness high temperature, the happiness intense light irradiation adapts to the soil is barren, day and night temperature is big, short of rain drought desert, the growth of Gobi desert area.The plantation survival rate is more than 85%, is the unique seeds that produce economic benefit in above-mentioned area, the economic forest of easy shape, and the big red jujube tree per mu yield of cultivating according to measuring and calculating can reach 1000～2500 kilograms, is to increase farmers' income, the feasible seeds of improving the living condition.

2, for many years, the human major measure that plants windbreak forests that adopts in drought desert, Gobi desert is administered the sand and dust storm, but produces little effect the common less than 20% of its trees surviving rate.Its reason is the abominable geographical environment of trees incompatibility as wind break.The big red jujube tree that the present invention cultivates is compared with other seeds, well developed root system, and the capillary root is many, be beneficial under the abominable geographical environment of drought desert, Gobi desert and grow, the survival rate height easily grows into forest, check winds and fix drifting sand, prevent erosion, the positive role that prevent desertification enlarges.

3, nearly hundred kinds of jujube cultivars of big red jujube tree and other of cultivating of the present invention are compared, and remove the root system prosperity, and are more drought-resistant, salt tolerant alkali, cold-resistant, happiness high temperature, happiness intense light irradiation, outside the suitable drought desert that the soil is barren, day and night temperature is big, short of rain, the growth of Gobi desert area, also have output and exceed 2 times of other jujube cultivars, anti-storage, the thin meat of skin is thin, sweet and sour taste, nutritious advantage.It contains necessary for human body several amino acids, multivitamin, various trace elements etc. and all exceeds 2～9% than other jujube cultivars, makes superior product quality with pulp.And also have the output height, adaptability is strong, and commodity value is excellent, the anosis murder by poisoning and the advantage of easy infection toxinosis not.

Embodiment

(1) breeding environment is in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Beijing and Shanxi area carry out;

(2) selection of this anvil, examine the kind of growing seedlings with kind of benevolence jujube full, the age of tree little wild jujube in Yimeng more than 3 years, that gather October then, the jujube nuclear of gathering was deposited under 0 ℃ temperature 60 days, before the sowing jujube nuclear immersed every liter and contain in 500 milligrams the thiocarbamide 4 hours, at the beginning of 4 months, be seeded in the seedbed, treat that it is more than 0.3 centimetre that seedling grows to tree-walk, is this anvil of grafting;

(3) scion select Chinese Dali jujube arbitrarily for use No. 6, Yimeng winter jujube, slight snow jujube or the kind of big garden tinkling of pieces of jade jujube, long red date, fine horse jujube, grey jujube do maternal plant, for example select for use Yimeng winter jujube to do maternal plant, the maternal plant of Yimeng winter jujube is must kind pure, robust growth, disease-free and high yield high-quality, should select as the Yimeng winter jujube branch of scion that Tianjin tissue is substantial, the middle and upper part of full 1 year living developmental branch of sprout, adopt the grafting method and the grafting of this anvil of scion grafting, bud grafting, above-mentioned grafting method is a conventional art, so be not repeated.

(4) wait upon after grafting survives, the raising of topdressing when tree-walk to be grown is 1 centimetre, can be treated to be planted in spring on drought desert, the Gobi desert.

In a word, that the jujube kind that the present invention selects can adapt to is arid, short of rain, barren, day and night temperature big, the severe environmental conditions at strong sunshine, and the output height, and adaptability is strong, and mouthfeel is good, and commodity value is excellent, the anosis murder by poisoning and the advantage of easy infection toxinosis not, but popularizing planting.

Claims (1)

1, the seed choosing method of a kind of drought desert, the big red date of Gobi desert high-yield planting is characterized in that:

(1) breeding environment is in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Beijing and Shanxi area carry out;

(2) selection of this anvil, examine the kind of growing seedlings with kind of benevolence jujube full, the age of tree little wild jujube in Yimeng more than 3 years, that gather for 9～October then, the jujube nuclear of gathering was deposited 55～65 days under 0 ℃～-2 ℃ temperature, before the sowing jujube nuclear immersed every liter and contain in 500 milligrams the thiocarbamide 4～5 hours, at the beginning of 4 months, be seeded in the seedbed, treat seedling grow to tree-walk be 0.3 centimetre～1.5 centimetres for this anvil of grafting;

(3) scion select Chinese Dali jujube for use No. 6, Yimeng winter jujube, slight snow jujube or the kind of big garden tinkling of pieces of jade jujube, long red date, fine horse jujube, grey jujube do maternal plant, maternal plant is must kind pure, robust growth, disease-free and high yield high-quality, branch as scion, select that tissue enriches, the middle and upper part of full 1 year livings developmental branch of sprout for use, the grafting method and the grafting of this anvil of employing scion grafting, bud grafting;

(4) wait upon after grafting survives, when the tree-walk that grows is 0.8 centimetre～1.8 centimetres, can treat to be planted in spring on drought desert, the Gobi desert.