CN1285273A - 含有基于接枝聚烯烃的共挤出粘合剂的多层材料与物品 - Google Patents
含有基于接枝聚烯烃的共挤出粘合剂的多层材料与物品 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及含有粘合剂的多层材料与物品,所述粘合剂包含;至少一种高密度聚乙烯(A1)和至少一种乙烯共聚物(A2)的混合物(A),用比如不饱和羧酸或羧酸酐或它们的衍生物之类的单体共接枝(A1)与(A2)的混合物,所述共接枝的混合物(A)具有MI10/MI2的比高于18.5,MI10表示在10kg负荷下于190℃的熔体流动指数而MI2是在2.16kg负荷下的熔体流动指数。
Description
本申请系申请日为1996年5月9日、申请号为96108999.7、发明名称为“以接枝聚烯烃为主要成分的共挤出粘合剂”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
本发明涉及含有以接枝聚烯烃为主要成分的共挤出粘合剂的多层材料与物品。
本发明的粘合剂含有(ⅰ)至少一种高密度聚乙烯(A1)和至少一种乙烯共聚物(A2)的混合物(A),(A1)和(A2)的混合物是用单体共接枝的,如不饱和酸或羧酸酐,或它们的衍生物,而所述共接枝混合物(A)的MI10/MI2比值高于18.5。
(ⅱ)MI10表示在10kg负荷下于190℃的熔体流动指数,MI2表示在2.16kg负荷下的指数。
这些油箱往往由下述五层构成:
-高密度聚乙烯(HDPE);
-粘合剂;
-聚酰胺(PA)或具有乙烯结构单元和乙烯醇结构单元(EVOH)的
共聚物;
-粘合剂;
-HDPE。
常常在粘合剂层中的一层与HDPE层中的一层之间加入第六层这第六层是由模压油箱时所产生的下角料、非常少量的不适合油箱的下角料构成的。这些下角料与不适合的油箱料被粉碎直至得到颗粒。然后将这种粉碎物熔融并直接在油箱共挤压设备上挤压还可将这种粉碎物熔化,再在使用之前用比如双-螺杆挤压机再制粒。
根据一种实施变型,可以将循环的产品与油箱两个边层的HDPE混合。例如,可以将循环的产品颗粒与未使用过的这两层HDPE颗粒混合。还可以利用这些再循环的所有组合。
循环物料的比率可以最高达50%油箱总重量。
因此,这第六层含有整个多层结构的材料,HDPE、粘合剂、PA或EVOH。申请人发现,本发明粘合剂在阻挡层产品(PA或EVOH)与HDPE之间起到相容剂的作用,但也起冲击添加剂的作用,甚至起到使EVOH降解的催化残留物抑制剂的作用。当将循环的产品与边层HDPE混合时也是一样的。
申请人还发现,本发明的粘合剂具有与油箱所使用的HDPE相同水平的粘度。
申请人还发现,当吹气挤压生产油箱时,坯料具有良好的稳定性,还观察到油箱底部与上部的再焊接缝具有良好的强度。事实上粘合剂对伸长速度不太灵敏,这就能够使焊缝处有足够的厚度,从而保证在这种关键的部位有良好的粘附。
本发明粘合剂的另一个优点是熔点可达到125-135℃(用DSC测定的),这就能限制因粘度快速升高的“钳”效果。
现有技术已经描述过以接枝聚烯烃为主要成分的粘合剂。
US 4 058 647描述了接枝聚烯烃,将它与橡胶混合,具有制备粘合剂的Mooney粘度40-150。聚烯烃可以是HDPE、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-己烯共聚物或聚丙烯。橡胶可以是EPR、EPDM或NBR(腈-丁二烯)。
这些实例只是表明薄膜在40kg/cm2压力下热压制备的双层,粘合剂/EVOH或粘合剂/PET(对苯二甲酸聚乙二醇酯)。
这些粘合剂对于用吹气挤压生产油箱是不适合的。
EP 035392描述了一种压延多层产品,它由包括经接枝改性的乙烯树脂的层(A)和含有氧或氮的极性树脂或与层(A)接触的金属层(B)组成,这种接枝物来自于或许含有α-烯烃共聚用单体,并且被不饱和羧酸或这种酸官能衍生物接枝的乙烯聚合物,层(A)可能含有α-烯烃共聚用单体,其特征在于:
(1)层(A)组成如下:
(ⅰ)1-100%(重量)由接枝改性的乙烯树脂,其接枝物来自于含有0-15%(摩尔)至少一种具有3-30个碳原子的α-烯烃(作共聚用单体),并且具有MI2[μ]-8.77比不低于15、密度0.88-0.98g/cm3的乙烯聚合物,
(ⅱ)99-0%(重量)的未改性的乙烯聚合物,它含有0-50%(摩尔)至少一种具有3-30个碳原子的α-烯烃作为共聚用单体,并且它具有比值MI2[μ]-8.77不低于15、密度0.86-0.96g/cm3,
(2)层(A)具有
(a)乙烯含量不低于80%(摩尔)
(b)与层(A)重量相比的羧酸或其衍生物的含量为0.01-10%(重量),
(c)密度为0.88-0.98g/cm3,
(d)MI20/MI2的比为5-18,其中MI2是在2.16公斤负荷下于190℃的熔体流动指数,MI10是在负荷10公斤下于190℃熔体的流动指数而[μ]是用十氢化萘溶液于135℃测定的聚合物特性粘度(分升/克)。
这种产品对于比如瓶罐之类的小容器可能适用,但对吹气挤压的油箱可能不适用。
HDPE(A1)是一种本身已知的产品。
共聚物(A2)可以是例如乙烯/丙烯(EPR)或乙烯/丙烯/二烯(EPDM)弹性体。
(A2)也可以是很低密度的聚乙烯(VLDPE),它或者是乙烯均聚物,或者是乙烯与α-烯烃的共聚物。
(A2)也可以是乙烯与至少一种选自如下产品的共聚物:(ⅰ)不饱和羧酸、它们的盐、它们的酯,(ⅱ)饱和羧酸乙烯酯,(ⅲ)不饱和二羧酸、它们的盐、它们的酯、它们的半酯、它们的酸酐。
有利地,(A2)选自于EPR、VLDPE、乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯共聚物或乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯/马来酸酐共聚物。
接枝单体具体地选自于(甲基)丙烯酸、马来酸、富马酸、衣康酸、巴豆酸、衣康酸酐、马来酸酐或取代的马来酸酐,如二甲基马来酸酐或盐,酰胺、酰亚胺,和烯键不饱和羧酸酯,如马来酸一钠盐与二纳盐、丙烯酰胺、马来酰亚胺和富马酸二乙酯。马来酸酐与马来酸是更可取的。
可以采用已知的方法进行接枝,其方法在于让待接枝的聚合物(A1)和(A2)混合物熔化,往其混合物中添加以聚合物计50。20000ppm自由基聚合引发剂和接枝的单体,进行混合以便得到在聚合物(A1)与(A2)的混合物中接枝单体与引发剂均匀分布,将得到的混合物于高于聚合物熔点的温度下在挤压机中拌合,得到的接枝聚合物挤压成成形的制品(片状或其它形状),然后制品可原样使用或者与其它聚合物混合使用,为的是共挤出多层结构,正如后面将要描述的那样。
除了挤压机这种接枝之外,作为其它可行的方法还可以列出,溶液接枝它主要在于将接枝聚合物溶于溶剂中,往其中添加一种或多种接枝单体和引发剂,以便在温度80-150℃进行接枝聚合。
自由基引发剂可以属于本技术领域技术人员所熟知的各种不同的种类。其中,可以列举过氧化物,过酸酯、氢过氧化物和重氮化合物。作为过氧化物可以列举过氧化二枯基、过氧化二叔丁基过氢化苯甲酰基、过氧化月桂酰基、α,,α′-双-(t-丁基过氧-m异丙基)苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二-(t-丁基过氧)己烷、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(t-丁基过氧)-3-己炔。作为过酸酯,可以列举过苯甲酸叔丁酯;作为氢过氧化物,可以列举t-丁基过氧氢和枯烯过氧氢,作为重氮化合物,可以列举偶氮双异丁腈。
接枝单体的量可以在很大范围内变化,其量可以达到每100份(A1)和(A2)的混合物为10份。有利地是,值为1000-8000ppm是足够的,可达到足够的粘附。
有利地是,共接枝的(A1)与(A2)聚合物的混合物(A)的MI10/MI2之比不大于35,优选地是22-33。
有利地,共接枝聚合物(A1)和(A2)混合物(A)的MI20低于24,MI20表示在21.6公斤负荷下于190℃的熔体流动指数。
可以从HDPE中选择HDPE(A1),如比值1/LOG(MI20/MI2)高于0.6。
由于实际应用的原因,使用带色的粘合剂,这样能较好地测量粘合剂层与阻挡层产品(PA或EVOH)的厚度。
因此,使我们的粘合剂有颜色,但不改变其它性质。建议增加接枝单体的量,因为染料可能抑制一部分接枝单体。
若混合物(A)本身是由混合物(A′)与混合物(A")组成的,每种混合物都满足本发明的特征,则不超出本发明的范围。若由共接枝聚合物A′1与A′2构成的混合物(A′)不满足MI10/MI2比值也不超出本发明的范围。在这种情况下混合(A”)可能满足或不满足所述的比值。
如果本发明的粘合剂除了混合物(A)外还含有其它的聚合物(B),只要粘合剂具有适合本发明的MI10/MI2比值,就不超出本发明的范围。
如果粘合剂是由具有本发明以外的MI10/MI2比值的混合物(A组成只要其与(B)的混合物具有适合本发明的MI10/MI2比值,就不超出本发明的范围。
本发明还涉及一种至少包括两层(本发明的粘合剂处于它们之间)的多层材料。这两层可以是相同的或不同的,并且它们选自于金属或聚合物。
作为实例,可以列举如下材料:
HDPE/粘合剂/EVOH与HDPE/粘合剂/PA
这些材料可以是管、板或空心体。
可以采用共挤压、涂胶、吹气共挤压……方法制备这些材料
本发明还涉及如上所述的汽油油箱。
本申请人发现,这些油箱在汽油中具有良好的耐老化性能。此外,这些具有5或6层的油箱于8巴装满水-乙二醇混合物,通过在-40℃6米条件下的跌落试验。未观察到任何裂纹。实施例
使用下述产品:
粘合剂1(本发明):75份HDPE、25份用马来酸酐(MAH)共接枝的EPR(VISTALON PE 808)。接枝的MAH量是5000ppm。HDPE具有MI2=0.9,MI20=26;1/LOG(MI20/MI2)比=0.68。
MI20=18
MI10/MI2=22.5
用DSC测定的熔化温度:129℃。
根据EP35392实施例1的粘合剂2,它具有MI2为43。
共挤压试验
·在实验室:
粘附结果
·工业
使用KRUPP KAUTEX机
·6层油箱:粘合剂,对于油箱使用粘合剂1,对于另一种油箱使用粘合剂2。
HDPE/粘合剂/EVOH/粘合剂/再循环的/HDPE
-2.4mm 100μm 100μm 100μm 2.8mm 1mm
粘合剂1:粘附力:150N/cm
粘合剂2:粘附力:70N/cm
·在汽油中极好的耐老化性:
在CM15汽油(材料试验用的汽油-甲醇混合物,SAE合作研究报告,9,1990)中和在TF-1汽油(车辆材料相容性试验的汽油乙醇燃料混合物规格,燃料与润滑油Tech中心)中于60℃放1个月。
脱层力(la force de pelage)没有改变。
还观察到极好的再循环层形态(细且规则)。
再循环
使汽油油箱基体的3种组分混合的再循环研究:
HDPE(BASF 4261)
EVOH(Soarnol DT 29.03)
粘合剂1
按相应于汽油油箱再循环的比率,即再循环层为40%。涉及油箱层的HDPE和不涉及粘合剂所使用的HDPE。
所研究的组成:
组成1(%) 组成2(%)
HDPE 84 81
EVOH 6 9
粘合剂 10 10
这些组成复盖了多次循环再生之后循环层的组成范围。
借助190℃、21.6公斤MI的结果,看出了为什么再循环不影响坯料稳定性和挤压条件的原因。
MI纯HDPE BASF5.5 | MI组成14.8 | MI组成24 |
我们的粘合剂能再达到MI接近于基体产品的MI。
要着重指出的是,若只使用5%粘合剂,即组成:
89% HDPE
6% EVOH
5% 粘合剂
得到:MI=10
以及组成
86% HDPE
9% EVOH
5% 粘合剂则得到:MI=7
这两种产品是具有良好坯料稳定性与很好挤压性的流体
注:用商标FAIREX单螺旋器(φ45mm、L/D=26)由每种产品颗粒进行了混合。
该螺旋器包括两组拌合元件,以保证混合物良好的均匀性。
Claims (8)
1.多层材料,它含有至少两层,粘合剂置于它们之间;所述粘合剂包含:
(ⅰ)至少一种高密度聚乙烯(A1)和至少一种乙烯共聚物(A2)的混合物(A),用比如不饱和羧酸或羧酸酐或它们的衍生物之类的单体共接枝(A1)与(A2)的混合物,所述共接枝的混合物(A)具有MI10/MI2的比高于18.5,
(ⅱ)MI10表示在10kg负荷下于190℃的熔体流动指数而MI2是在2.16kg负荷下的熔体流动指数。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层材料,其中(A2)选自于EPR、VLDPE、乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯共聚物或乙烯/(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯/马来酸酐共聚物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层材料,其中MI10/MI2的比低于35,优选地为22-33。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一权利要求所述的多层材料,其中共接枝的聚合物(A1)和(A2)的混合物(A)的MI20低于24,MI20代表在21.6kg负荷下于190℃的熔体流动指数。
5.含有五层的油箱,五层分别是:
-HDPE
-权利要求1-4所定义的粘合剂
-PA或EVOH
-权利要求1-4所定义的粘合剂
-HDPE。
6.根据权利要求5所述的五层油箱,其中边层含有未用过的HDPE以及HDPE与粘合剂和PA或EVOH的混合物,它们来自于生产的下角料和或再循环油箱。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的油箱,它包括粘合剂层中的一层与HDPE层中的一层之间的第6层,这一层是由HDPE与粘合剂和PA或EVOH的混合物组成,它们来自于生产的下角料和/或再循环油箱。
8.根据权利要求5-7中任一权利要求所述的油箱,其特征在于它们能通过装满水-乙二醇混合物于-40℃、6米的跌落试验。
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CN00122763A Pending CN1285273A (zh) | 1995-05-09 | 2000-08-08 | 含有基于接枝聚烯烃的共挤出粘合剂的多层材料与物品 |
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JP (1) | JP3113815B2 (zh) |
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CN103791226A (zh) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种储气罐内胆和储气罐及其制备方法 |
CN104565794A (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种储气罐内胆和储气罐及其制备方法 |
CN108463502A (zh) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-08-28 | 伊奎斯塔化学有限公司 | 聚烯烃基组合物、粘合剂,以及由其制备的相关多层结构 |
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EP1362870A1 (fr) * | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-19 | Atofina | Structure multicouche comprenant un liant à base de polyoléfine greffée par un monomère acrylique |
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US8062725B2 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2011-11-22 | Ovetion Polymer Technology and Engineered Materials, Inc. | Low organic vapor permeation resin |
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CN102786632A (zh) * | 2012-07-17 | 2012-11-21 | 山东东宏管业有限公司 | 一种用于钢丝网骨架聚乙烯复合管的粘接树脂 |
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CN110746912B (zh) * | 2019-10-18 | 2021-04-09 | 广东东方管业有限公司 | 用于聚乙烯与钢丝粘合的热熔胶、制备方法及管材 |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103791226A (zh) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种储气罐内胆和储气罐及其制备方法 |
CN104565794A (zh) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-04-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种储气罐内胆和储气罐及其制备方法 |
CN108463502A (zh) * | 2016-01-13 | 2018-08-28 | 伊奎斯塔化学有限公司 | 聚烯烃基组合物、粘合剂,以及由其制备的相关多层结构 |
CN108463502B (zh) * | 2016-01-13 | 2021-04-16 | 伊奎斯塔化学有限公司 | 聚烯烃基组合物、粘合剂,以及由其制备的相关多层结构 |
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CA2176070C (fr) | 2000-03-21 |
NO312200B1 (no) | 2002-04-08 |
KR100244056B1 (ko) | 2000-02-01 |
JPH08325425A (ja) | 1996-12-10 |
CN1143102A (zh) | 1997-02-19 |
DE69618272D1 (de) | 2002-02-07 |
CN1087331C (zh) | 2002-07-10 |
KR960041283A (ko) | 1996-12-19 |
DE69618272T2 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
NO962102L (no) | 1996-12-03 |
NO962102D0 (no) | 1996-05-23 |
EP0742236A1 (fr) | 1996-11-13 |
JP3113815B2 (ja) | 2000-12-04 |
EP0742236B1 (fr) | 2002-01-02 |
CA2176070A1 (fr) | 1996-11-10 |
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