CN1265771A - 耐局部放电的漆包线涂层 - Google Patents

耐局部放电的漆包线涂层 Download PDF

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CN1265771A
CN1265771A CN98807901A CN98807901A CN1265771A CN 1265771 A CN1265771 A CN 1265771A CN 98807901 A CN98807901 A CN 98807901A CN 98807901 A CN98807901 A CN 98807901A CN 1265771 A CN1265771 A CN 1265771A
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coating
wire
weight
wire enamel
titanium dioxide
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CN1133178C (zh
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K－W·里纳特
G·施密特
H·莱曼
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SI Group Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
    • C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
    • H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/308—Wires with resins

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种漆包线涂层,它具有至少一层底漆层和至少一层面漆层,其中,至少一层面漆层含有二氧化钛,本发明还涉及具有这样涂层的漆包线。

Description

耐局部放电的漆包线涂层
本发明涉及一种新型漆包线涂层，它具有至少一种漆包线涂层物质，该物质通常含有漆包线漆粘结剂及用来改进用这种漆制成的漆包线的耐局部放电性的添加剂。
该漆包线涂层通常具有带有至少一层底漆层和一层面漆层的双层或多层结构。
目前通常采用的漆包线涂层物质一般包括典型的粘结剂，如聚酯，聚酰胺酯，聚氨酯树脂，聚酰胺酰亚胺于溶剂中的溶液，必要时与商业通用的碳氢化合物稀释液结合。在涂覆和固化之后，可获得结合牢固的，具有优良热力和力学性能的涂层，但该涂层的聚合物本身对在一定电场强度下漆包线表面产生的局部放电的抵抗性不够。
在漆包线表面由于局部的高场强度而产生的局部放电损害绝缘的漆包线涂层。在聚合物层中引入无机物组分，即通过放电的均匀化，可延长其使用寿命。这一认识导致了，或多或少用氧化物填充的不同漆体系作为漆包线漆被公开。
在欧洲专利EP 0768 680和EP 0768 679中公开的漆包线中，它含有作为漆包线漆的粘结剂组分的由三(2-羟乙基)异氰脲酸酯三丙烯酸酯、三-巯基丙甲基二甲氧基硅烷，四乙氧硅烷制成的硫醚丙烯酸酯硅烷及SiO2填料。其耐局部放电性良好。但其热力和力学性能与标准漆包线完全不适应。
由欧洲专利EP 356929和美国专利US 4 935 302公开的配料中，对于不同的粘结剂，作为填料它含有Cr2O3或Fe2O3。两种颜料比重大，配料易形成沉淀，这导致涂漆困难和所烘烤的涂层中颜料分布不均。
在美国专利US 4 760 296、US 4 493 873、US 4 537 804公开的配料中，它含有作为颜料的Al2O3。氧化物对必须调准到豪微米(mμ)级的涂漆设备的喷漆嘴的严重磨损作用对漆包线的圆度和表面质量产生不利影响。
在专利CA 1 168 857中与美国专利US 4 760 296相近似，加入使用Al2O3，同时也加入SiO2。美国专利US 4 760 296也是如此描述的。
日本专利JP 59 17 63 63公开过一种由镀镍铜芯线制成的漆包线，它由一种填充有煅烧铝矾土和橡胶粉的聚酰亚胺漆涂层。该方法昂贵，且漆由于聚酰亚胺的固体含量低也不经济。
在美国专利US 3553282中论述了由硅树脂改性的聚酰胺羧酸的应用情况。所获得的聚酰亚胺涂层漆包线对于普通应用场合而言过于工程化，且太昂贵。
由WO 96/42098公开的漆包线是用含有TiO2的涂层物质进行单层绝缘。它比用相应的不含TiO2涂层物质单层绝缘的漆包线更耐局部放电，不过，它的应用性能总的来说不令人满意。
本发明的目的在于，提供一种新的漆包线涂层，它所采用的漆包线漆含有常用的漆包线漆粘结剂、溶剂、催化剂和添加剂，避免了到目前为止已公开的涂层的缺点，且可简单和廉价地制造和加工。
制造本发明涂层所采用的漆包线漆应贮存稳定，尤其与铜线具有好的结合强度，具有尽可能高的热压及足够的热冲击值。此外，漆包线漆应在适宜加工的粘度下具有尽可能高的固体含量。利用本发明涂层，可使局部放电稳定性大大改进。
该目的意外地通过以下方式来达到，即采用一种新的涂层，它具有一层底漆层和至少一层面漆层，其中，至少一层面漆层含有二氧化钛。新涂层最好由一层底漆层和一层含TiO2的面漆层组成。
本发明基本的含有TiO2的面漆层由含TiO2的漆包线漆制成，其中，作为粘结剂采用的是聚酰胺酰亚胺，在此，必须指出的是，本发明不仅涉及到该漆包线粘结剂，而且也涉及到聚酯、聚酰胺酯、聚氨酯树脂等。聚酰胺酰亚胺已公开并在例如美国专利US-A-3 554 984、DE-A-24 41 020、DE-A-25 56 523、DE-A12 66 427和-DE-A-19 56 512中述及。聚酰胺酰亚胺以已公开的方式由聚羧酸或它的酐，其中，在连接位有两个羧基和必须还有至少一个其它官能基团，以及有至少一个可形成酰亚胺键的伯氨基的聚胺形成。除氨基外，也可采用异氰酸酯基来形成酰亚胺环。聚酰胺酰亚胺也可通过聚酰胺，含有至少两个NCO基的聚异氰酸酯和含有至少一个其它可缩合或可加成的基团的环状二羧酸酐反应而获得。
作为本发明漆包线涂层的氧化性颜料采用二氧化钛。令人惊奇的是，它在本发明配方中的加入没有导致漆包线漆或其面漆层的热性能及机械性能的下降。同样令人惊奇的是，在漆包线漆局部放电情况下，其寿命大大改进。
本发明用来制备面漆层的漆包线漆配料最好含有相对于有机粘结剂的5-30重量％的二氧化钛，10-20重量％尤其更好。
少量加入热解硅酸已被证明对本发明所要采用的漆包线漆的沉淀特性有益处。按本发明所要采用的漆包线漆配方最好含相对于二氧化钛最高至20重量％的热解硅酸，尤其是最高至10重量％的热解硅酸最好。
本发明所采用的漆包线涂层物最好含有0.5-5.0重量％的酚醛树脂或三聚氰胺树脂。当含量最高为4.0重量％时则最好。商业通用的氟化添加剂被证明同样有效。
本发明涂层的底漆层的制备可采用常用的已公开的不含TiO2的漆包线漆，它们包含有作为粘结剂的聚酯、聚酰胺酯、聚氨酯树脂或聚酰胺酰亚胺。
                        实施例1.1  聚酰胺酰亚胺漆的配制：
在低于30℃温度下，将38.5克的偏苯三酸酐，60克的二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和73.5克的N-甲基吡咯烷酮混合。以10℃/小时的升温速度加热到150℃。在该温度下保温，直到不再有二氧化碳生成。该反应产物用N-甲基吡咯烷酮与二甲苯为2∶1的混合物稀释。所获得的漆包线漆在23℃下粘度为700mPas时的固体含量为35％。1.2  本发明的用于制造漆包线涂层的漆包线漆的制备：
25.10克按实施例1制成的漆与4.70克商业通用的二氧化钛和0.48克热解硅酸以油漆工业中常用的方法糊化，加入64.4克按实施例1制成的漆并用N-甲基吡咯烷酮和二甲苯的混合物调整到下面的粘度：
在23℃时的粘度      965mPas
固体含量(1克/1小时/200℃)    37.8％1.3   涂漆和测试：
  涂漆条件：
  底漆：商业通用的聚酰胺酯漆包线漆
  面漆：按照实施例1.2制成的漆
  炉子：MAG AW/1A
  温度：520℃
  涂覆系统：喷嘴
  线材直径：0.71mm(毫米)
  拉拔速度：34m/min(米/分钟)
  通过数量：
  底漆：8
  面漆：2
  涂漆漆包线按IEC 851检测
  增长：0.069-0.074mm
  外线膨胀：1×d+30％
  热冲击：在300℃ i.O.时1×d
  热压：370℃
  玻璃化温度：194℃
  该性能水平与商业通用的双层漆包线相当。
耐局部放电性测试：
采用IEC-捻合线作为试样。测试电压为4.5kV、50HZ(正弦)。捻合线放置在140℃下，测定至失效的时间。
用例如实施例1.1中常规面漆制成的漆包线与具有本发明中带有用实施例1.2的面漆制成的面漆层的涂层作为覆盖层的漆包线进行对比。
用本发明涂层涂覆的漆包线的平均寿命约比用常规漆涂覆的漆包线平均寿命高43倍。

Claims (11)

1.漆包线涂层，具有至少一层底漆层和至少一层面漆层，其特征是，至少一层面漆层含有二氧化钛。
2.按照权利要求1所述的涂层，其特征是，它由一层底漆层和一层面漆层组成。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的涂层，其特征是，面漆层可由一种漆包线漆制成，它含有相对于粘结剂量的5-30重量％的二氧化钛。
4.按照权利要求3所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆含有相对于粘结剂量的10-20重量％的二氧化钛。
5.按照权利要求3或4所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆含有相对于二氧化钛量的最多至20重量％的热解硅酸。
6.按照权利要求3至5之任一项所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆含有相对于二氧化钛量的最多至10重量％的热解硅酸。
7.按照权利要求3至6之任一项所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆的固体含量为20-50重量％，最好为30-40重量％。
8.按照权利要求3至7之任一项所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆在23℃下的粘度为200-2000mPas，最好在23℃下的粘度为500-1500mPas。
9.按照权利要求3至8之任一项所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆含有0.5~5.0重量％的酚醛树脂或三聚氰氨树脂。
10.按照权利要求9所述的涂层，其特征是，漆包线漆含有最高至4.0重量％的酚醛树脂或三聚氰氨树脂。
11.含有权利要求1至10之任一项所述涂层的漆包线。
CN988079011A 1997-08-06 1998-07-31 耐局部放电的漆包线涂层 Expired - Fee Related CN1133178C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

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DE19734003 1997-08-06
DE19734003.2 1997-08-06
DE19813667 1998-03-27
DE19813667.6 1998-03-27
DE19832186.4 1998-07-17
DE19832186A DE19832186A1 (de) 1997-08-06 1998-07-17 Teilentladungsbeständige Beschichtung für Lackdrähte

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CN1133178C CN1133178C (zh) 2003-12-31

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US (1) US6337442B1 (zh)
EP (1) EP1002323B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2001512888A (zh)
CN (1) CN1133178C (zh)
AT (1) ATE294989T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR9811723A (zh)
CA (1) CA2297314A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE59812767D1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1999008288A1 (zh)

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CN112424879A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2021-02-26 埃赛克斯古河电磁线美国有限责任公司 具有耐电晕的聚酰亚胺绝缘体的磁线

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN1326157C (zh) * 2002-05-25 2007-07-11 罗伯特-博希股份公司 耐电晕的导线
CN100394515C (zh) * 2004-04-29 2008-06-11 上海裕生特种线材有限公司 一种变频电磁线及其生产方法
CN112424879A (zh) * 2018-05-07 2021-02-26 埃赛克斯古河电磁线美国有限责任公司 具有耐电晕的聚酰亚胺绝缘体的磁线
CN112424879B (zh) * 2018-05-07 2022-06-17 埃赛克斯古河电磁线美国有限责任公司 具有耐电晕的聚酰亚胺绝缘体的磁线

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US6337442B1 (en) 2002-01-08
EP1002323B1 (de) 2005-05-04
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CA2297314A1 (en) 1999-02-18
DE59812767D1 (de) 2005-06-09
CN1133178C (zh) 2003-12-31
EP1002323A1 (de) 2000-05-24
JP2001512888A (ja) 2001-08-28
ATE294989T1 (de) 2005-05-15
WO1999008288A1 (de) 1999-02-18

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