CN1255663A - 用于实现图形用户界面键盘及文本缓冲器的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于实现图形用户界面键盘及文本缓冲器的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1255663A
CN1255663A CN99117780A CN99117780A CN1255663A CN 1255663 A CN1255663 A CN 1255663A CN 99117780 A CN99117780 A CN 99117780A CN 99117780 A CN99117780 A CN 99117780A CN 1255663 A CN1255663 A CN 1255663A
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CN1122208C (zh
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史蒂文·诺维兰
卡南·帕赛萨拉斯
谢里登·罗林森
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Motorola Mobility LLC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/02—Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
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Abstract

用于在一个电子设备上实施一个图形用户界面(GUI)键盘(10)和一个文本缓冲器(12)的方法和装置。将指点器抬起时为活动状态的字符接收为文本字符,即使响应指点器按下成为活动状态的字符不同于响应于指点器抬起而成为活动状态并被插入文本缓冲器(12)中的字符。

Description

用于实现图形用户界面键盘及文本缓冲器的方法和装置
本发明涉及一种在电子设备上实现图形用户界面键盘及文本缓冲器的方法和装置。
许多需要数据输入的小型手持设备依赖一个图形用户界面(GUI)键盘。用户通常使用一个指点器，例如输入笔(stylus)或笔(pen)来选择GUI键盘上的键。使用这种方法的一个困难在于因为整个设备自身较小，GUI键盘上的每个键也非常小。对这种键盘来说，在期望的键上进行精确定位是困难的。另外，因为指点器使键上的字符变得不明显，使得识别所选择的字符变得困难。
如图1所示，防止用户选择并输入一个不正确字符到文本缓冲器的方法是在指点器按下(pointer-down)时(也就是说，当指点器首次触到GUI键盘时)高亮显示所选择的键。如果高亮键对应的是正确字符，指点器从GUI键盘上抬起(pointer-up)并且对应高亮键的字符被输入到文本缓冲器中。
但如果，当指点器按下时所选择的高亮键不对应正确字符，用户必须i)输入不正确字符到文本缓冲器中并随后通过在对应正确字符的键上按下，重新精确定位指点器来编辑字符；或者ii)移动指点器到高亮键下以避免将不正确字符输入到文本缓冲器中，这样就没有加入任何东西到文本缓冲器。
这种方法的一个问题是依然需要用户在按下指点器时在对应正确字符的键上精确定位指点器以将正确的字符输入到文本缓冲器中。在这种方法中，如果指点器从按下时所选择的键上抬起，仅有一个字符被输入到文本缓冲器中。
防止用户选择并输入不正确字符到文本缓冲器的另一个方法是将同指点器所选择的键相对应的字符进行放大。在这种处理下，一旦一个键被选中，它对应的字符就被放大。这种放大方法使得用户可以在字符被输入到文本缓冲器之前对同所选择的键对应的字符进行识别。如果被放大的字符不正确，用户可以通过在GUI键盘上移动指点器到正确字符上选择另一个键。但是在正确字符被放大之后，用户需要在其对应的键上“双击(double-tap)”以输入正确的字符到文本缓冲器中。
但是这种方法的一个问题是由于设备较小，指点器还可能覆盖所放大的字符，这样尽管字符被放大，但造成难于识别同所选择的键对应的字符。这种方法的另一个问题是尽管可以识别所放大的字符，但用户需要在字符输入文本缓冲器之前在该字符所对应的键上“双击”。这样一种选择方法依然需要用户在点击时在同正确字符相对应的键上精确定位指点器。
这样，存在着一种需求，即提供一种在GUI上的一个区域内能不为指点器所覆盖，容易识别一个活动字符的方法和装置，它可以在指点器按下时不需要用指点器在同所接受的字符相对应的键上精确定位就可以激活指点器按下后的后续字符并将该字符作为文本字符进行接受。
现在仅通过例示方式，参照附图对本发明的一个优选实施例进行描述，附图如下：
图1(已有技术)示出了该领域中已知方法的一张状态图；
图2示出了根据本发明的优选实施例的一张结构方框图；
图3示出了根据本发明的优选实施例，当第一个键高亮显示并且其对应的字符处于活动状态，并在文本缓冲器中的一个活动位置将其插入时的屏幕显示情况；
图4示出了根据本发明的优选实施例，当第二个键高亮显示并且其对应的字符处于活动状态，并在文本缓冲器中的一个活动位置将其插入时的屏幕显示情况；
图5示出了根据本发明的优选实施例的一张状态图；
图6示出了根据本发明的可选实施例显示第一配置的屏幕显示情况；
图7示出了根据本发明的可选实施例显示第二配置的屏幕显示情况；及
图8示出了根据本发明的可选实施例显示第三配置的屏幕显示情况；
一种在电子设备上实现图形用户界面(以后称“GUI”)键盘及文本缓冲器的方法和装置，其中GUI键盘包括多个键，在这里进行描述。本发明的优选实施例在GUI上的一个区域内能不为指点器所覆盖，容易识别一个活动字符，可以在指点器按下后激活后续字符来代替前面活动的字符，并且不需要在指点器按下时用指点器在同所接受的字符相对应的键上精确定位，就可以在指点器抬起时将活动字符作为一个文本字符进行接受。需要注意的是当字符所对应的键被选中时，字符“是活动的”或者“成为活动的”。这样，活动字符会随着指点器在抬起之前对后续字符的选择而不断变化。也应当注意到指点器或者是输入笔，一个手指，一支笔，或者是其他任何可以用作在GUI键盘上选择键的对象。
图2示出了根据本发明优选实施例的电子设备的结构。该电子设备的GUI包括一个GUI键盘10和一个文本缓冲器12。应当注意到GUI键盘10可以包括任何类型的字符(例如字母，数字，特殊字符，中文字符等)及/或以它们任何类型的配置进行显示(例如，在如QWERTY的键盘上以特殊顺序显示的字符)。
该电子设备的内部电路包括一个触摸感应面14，一个显示单元16(例如，液晶显示器)，一个输入界面18，一个处理单元20，一个键盘图形模块22以及一个显示驱动器24。触摸感应面14在显示单元16的上面以形成一个触摸屏26。更好地，触摸感应面14是一个电阻栅极(resistive grid)，但也可以是一个感应栅极(inductive grid)，电容栅极(capacitance grid)或任何其他该领域所知的触摸感应面。
输入界面18同触摸感应面14连接在一起。输入界面18将触摸感应面14上的压力转换为笛卡尔坐标(以后称“坐标”)并将该坐标传送给处理单元20。该坐标标识了指点器28的当前位置。这样，当指点器28在触摸感应面14上通过在GUI键盘10上的移动来施加压力时，输入界面18为保持指点器28的当前位置而产生新的坐标。
处理单元20同输入界面18相连。一旦接收到来自输入界面18的坐标，处理单元20则通过其中存有指令和数据的计算机可读存储器30运行程序，当这些指令和数据装入处理单元20时，导致处理单元20，如图3和4所示，i)高亮显示标识指示器28当前位置的键31；ii)选择并将一个字符插入到文本缓冲器12的一个活动位置32，该字符对应高亮显示键31以标识出活动字符；iii)当指示器28在GUI键盘10上移动时，指示器抬起前用同指示器28当前位置相对应的后续字符来代替该活动字符；iv)在指点器抬起时将该活动字符作为文本字符进行接受；并v)在输入该文本字符时前移活动位置32。值得注意的是在指示器抬起前随着指示器28在GUI键盘10上的多个键上的移动，插入文本缓冲器12中活动位置32的活动字符由同指示器28的当前位置相对应的后续字符(现在是活动字符)代替。
回来参照图2，键盘图形模块22同处理单元20相连。键盘图形模块22向处理单元20传送同GUI键盘10相关的字符类型(例如，特殊字符，所选择的字符，中文字符等)及/或它们在触摸屏26上所显示的配置。
显示驱动器24同处理单元20和显示单元16相连。来自处理单元20的输出被传送给显示驱动器24，该驱动器在显示单元16中打开或关闭像素。
在操作中，如图3所示，一个字符是活动的并在指示器按下时通过在GUI键盘10上选择一个键来在文本缓冲器中的活动位置32上插入该活动字符。例如，当选择同字符“I”对应的键(例如，键30)时，字符“I”成为活动字符并被插入文本缓冲器12中的活动位置32上。在文本缓冲器24中的活动位置32上插入该活动字符，在这种情况下是字符“I”，用户可以容易地标识出同所选择的键30对应的该活动字符，而不唯一依赖标识指示器28后/下的活动字符的方式。当指示器28从一个键(例如，键30)上抬起时，将活动字符(例如，字符“I”)作为文本字符进行接受并且在输入该文本字符时活动位置前移，并等待下一个所选择的活动字符，在下一次指示器按下时进行插入。
此外，本发明解决了在指示器按下时精确选择同所期望的字符对应的键的困难。例如，如图4所示，假设用户想使字符“o”成为一个文本字符，但在指示器按下时 却选择了同字符“I”对应的键(即键31)((由于同字符“o”对应的键(键34)以及同字符“I”对应的键(键31)在GUI键盘10上相当接近)。结果，字符“I”被激活并被插入到文本缓冲器的活动位置中。本发明使用户可以通过从键31到键34滑动指示器28来激活字符“o”。如果当指示器28从GUI键盘10上抬起时字符“o”保持活动(即指示器28没有移出键34的范围)，则字符“o”作为文本字符进行接受，而不管字符“I”在指示器按下时是活动字符的事实。
进一步的例子如图5所示，该图是一个状态图。操作时，用户输入一个键盘模式(见状态36)并响应指点器按下选择一个键，所选择的键被高亮显示并且其对应的字符成为活动的(见状态38)。当用户滑动她的指点器通过GUI键盘时，处理单元20通过选择对应于指点器28的当前位置的键并激活其相应的字符来监视指点器28的移动。从而用对应于指点器当前选择的键的后续字符更新插入到文本缓冲器的活动位置的活动字符。不管在指示器从GUI键盘上移走时哪个字符是活动的，该字符都被作为一个文本字符接受(见状态40)。重要的是如果指点器移到GUI键盘之外，活动字符被解除选择并且文本缓冲器的活动位置被置为空白(即没有活动字符)。如果当文本缓冲器的活动位置为空时指点器被移离GUI键盘，则不接受任何的输入作为文本字符，并且文本缓冲器中的活动位置不前移。
如上所述，本发明的优选实施例识别未被指点器28覆盖的区域中的活动字符。本发明的优选实施例还在当指点器28改变其在GUI键盘10上的位置时用后续字符更新活动字符。另外，本发明的优选实施例将响应指点器抬起成为活动的字符接收为文本字符，而不管响应指点器按下被选择并被插入到文本缓冲器的活动位置处的字符。除了已在优选实施例中描述的那样，本发明进一步提供了一个与GUI键盘相关的缩放/弹出式GUI键盘以进一步帮助识别，选择及接受一个所希望的字符为文本字符，这是下面所要讨论的焦点。
如图6所示，当选择了位于GUI键盘10上的一个键时，根据本发明另一个实施例弹出一个新的GUI键盘42。该新的弹出式GUI键盘42的键比GUI键盘10少，但是它的键比后者的键大。最好是，对应于弹出式GUI键盘42上的键的字符取决于指点器按下时选择了哪个键或随后移到指示器抬起之前是哪个键。另外弹出式GUI键盘42的键的数目和其布局是用户可确定的。
例如，如图6所示，如果字符“g”是活动的，弹出式GUI键盘42可以具有以3×3网格排列的9个键。弹出式GUI键盘42的第一行具有对应于字符“r”，“t”和“y”的键，第二行具有对应于字符“f”，“g”和“h”的键，第三行具有对应于字符“c”，“v”及“b”的键。这样，如果字符“p”是活动的，弹出式GUI键盘42可以具有如图7所示的以2×3网格排列的6个键。如果字符“1”是活动的，弹出式GUI键盘可以具有如图8所示的以2×2网格排列的4个键。
希望弹出式GUI键盘42显示所选择的键(即对应于活动字符的键)及位于所选择的键的周围的预定数目的键，以在必要时使用户容易地选择一个相邻的键(被更改)以改变活动的字符。最好是，亮亮显示弹出式GUI键盘42中所选择的键。应该注意，可以从GUI键盘10或弹出式GUI键盘42中选择一个键。这样，由于弹出式GUI键盘42上的键相对于GUI键盘10上的键比较大，弹出式GUI键盘42中的活动字符被亮亮显示，并且该活动字符被插入文本缓冲器的活动位置，在字符被接受为文本字符之前用户可以得到关于活动字符的识别的很好的视觉反馈。
尽管已经根据具体实施例描述了本发明，对于本领域技术人员来说，将更容易看到本发明其它优点和改进。本发明从广义上来看不限于具体的细节，所显示的装置及描述的例子。根据上述描述，多种替换，修改和改进对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的。因此，应该理解，本发明不限于上述描述，而包括根据所附的权利要求书的精神和范围内所有这种替换、修改和改进。

Claims (11)

1.一种用于电子设备中的方法，用于实现一个图形用户界面(GUI)键盘和一个文本缓冲器，其特征在于：响应指点器的抬起，接收处于活动状态的一个字符作为一个文本字符，其中在指点器抬起时处于活动状态的字符不同于在指点器按下时处于活动状态并被插入文本缓冲器的字符。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，进一步包括改变用于表示一个指点器的当前位置的GUI键盘上的键的显示的步骤，其中活动的字符对应于在显示上被改变的键。
3.一种用于电子设备中的方法，用于实现一个图形用户界面(GUI)键盘和一个文本缓冲器，其特征在于：
提供多个GUI键盘键，其中每个键对应于一个字符；
接收第一对表示响应指点器按下动作的一个指点器的当前位置的笛卡尔坐标；
加亮位于GUI键盘上对应于第一对笛卡尔坐标的一个第一个键；
将对应于第一个键的一个第一个字符插入文本缓冲器以识别一个活动字符；
接着接收一个第二对笛卡尔坐标，它表示在指点器抬起之前该指点器的当前位置；
加亮对应于第二对笛卡尔坐标的第二个键，而不是第一个键；
用对应于第二个键的一个第二个字符替换活动字符，从而使第二个字符成为活动字符；及
将响应指点器抬起而成为活动状态的一个字符接收为一个文本字符，其中响应指点器按下成为活动状态的第一个字符不同于响应于指点器抬起而成为活动状态的字符。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：加亮步骤包括改变被加亮的键的显示。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：加亮步骤进一步包括改变被加亮的键周围的预定个数的键的显示。
6.一种用于电子设备中的方法，用于在一个电子设备上实现一个图形用户界面(GUI)键盘和一个文本缓冲器，其特征在于：
提供多个GUI键盘键，其中每个键对应于一个字符；
响应指点器按下从一个指点器接收一个键选择，该键选择对应于该指点器的当前位置；
将对应于键选择的一个字符插入文本缓冲器以识别一个活动字符；及
当指点器移过多个键从而改变了当前位置时，用对应于指点器当前位置的下一个字符替换活动字符。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，进一步包括改变用于表示一个指点器的当前位置的GUI键盘上的键的显示的步骤，其中活动的字符对应于在显示上被改变的键。
8.根据权利要求6所述的方法，进一步包括改变表示指点器当前位置的键周围的预定个数的键的显示的步骤。
9.一种用于电子设备中的装置，用于在一个电子设备上实现一个图形用户界面(GUI)键盘和一个文本缓冲器，其中GUI键盘具有多个键，其特征在于：
用于显示输出的装置；
用于确定一个触摸的装置，该确定装置叠加在显示装置的上面；
与触摸确定装置相连的装置，用于将加在触摸确定装置上的压力转换为笛卡尔坐标；
与转换装置相连的处理装置，用于高亮显示表示指点器的当前位置的键，选择一个对应于高亮显示的键的字符并将其插入文本缓冲器以识别一个活动字符，当指点器移过GUI键盘时用对应于在指点器抬起之前该指点器的当前位置的后续字符替换活动字符，从而使该下一个字符成为活动字符，并在指点器抬起时将活动的字符接收为文本字符；
与处理装置相连的键盘图形模块；及
用于与处理装置和显示装置相连的装置。
10.在具有计算机可读存储器设备的处理单元中，一种用于实现一个图形用户界面(GUI)和文本缓冲器的方法，其中该存储器设备中存储指令和数据，其特征在于：
高亮显示表示指点器的当前位置的键；
选择一个对应于高亮显示的键的字符并将其插入文本缓冲器以识别一个活动字符；
当指点器移过GUI键盘时用对应于在指点器抬起之前该指点器的当前位置的后续字符替换活动字符，从而使该后续字符成为活动字符；
在指点器抬起时将活动的字符接收为文本字符，其中响应指点器按下成为活动状态的第一个字符不同于响应于指点器抬起而成为活动状态的字符。
11.根据权利要求8所述的计算机可读存储器设备，进一步包括如下处理，即当字符接收为文本字符后，使处理装置前进到文本缓冲器中的活动位置。
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