CN1254235C - 一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺 - Google Patents

一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺 Download PDF

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CN1254235C
CN1254235C CN 200310109971 CN200310109971A CN1254235C CN 1254235 C CN1254235 C CN 1254235C CN 200310109971 CN200310109971 CN 200310109971 CN 200310109971 A CN200310109971 A CN 200310109971A CN 1254235 C CN1254235 C CN 1254235C
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CN1541689A (zh
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张德桐
王文仁
柏青安
王丽青
张显涛
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Liuhe Changlong Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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NEW MEDICINE DEVELOPMENT CENTER JILIN XIUZHENG PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY GROUP
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Abstract

一种制备精制返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,属于医药技术领域,具体涉及絮凝技术、膜分离技术、包合技术制备精制返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,本发明选择在返魂草水提液中加入0.01-1.00%W/V絮凝剂,将去沉淀所得清液,经0.2-0.4Mpa工作压力通过分子截留量10000-50000的膜纯化,基本除去大分子与无效组分,然后进行包合,从而充分改善与弥补了返魂草水提物直接制剂的许多缺陷,稳定性大幅提高,辅料用量大幅度减少,服用剂量由10克减少到3-1克,不用蔗糖作辅料,各种人群均可适用,干扰减少,可对主药标示成分进行定量监控,由于本发明使用包材环糊精具有亲水羟基,放可使有效成分溶出度增加。

Description

一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及应用絮凝技术、膜分离技术、包合技术制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,国际专利分类号:A61P 11/00。
背景技术
返魂草颗粒冲剂由于疗效确切,适用人群广而畅销市场。该品种是以中草药返魂草为原料,经水提取,加入辅料蔗糖制备而成的颗粒型冲剂。目前通常的制备工艺是按部颁标准(WS3-B-0747-91)生产,具体工艺为:取返魂草1000克,加水煎煮三次,第一次2小时,第二、三次每次1小时;合并煎液,滤过,滤液浓缩成膏,加入蔗糖适量,混匀,造粒,干燥,制成品1000克。该工艺存在如下缺陷:①返魂草水提物因含大量大分子成分(对本品来讲这些物质均属无效组分)易于吸水潮结,致使制粒成型难于操作,因此制粒必须加入大量辅料蔗糖,主料、辅料比高达1∶9;制成品露置空气亦极不稳定,易于潮解变性;②辅料用量多,主药相对含量少,服用剂量大,一次10克(含标示成分绿原酸1.0mg);③蔗糖所占比例大,对儿童、老人、胃肠机能不佳者及糖尿病患者服用受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种综合使用絮凝技术、膜分离技术、包合技术在返魂草颗粒冲剂制备的工艺中使其原有工艺存在的缺陷得以改善与弥补,获得一种安全、有效、可控的精制返魂草颗粒冲剂的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺。
本发明的技术方案是对现有返魂草颗粒冲剂制备工艺的改进:是在返魂草加水煎煮,滤过水煎液,滤液浓缩后,及干燥,粉碎,制粒,整粒的成药阶段之前,还有以下三个步骤;
1)絮凝步骤:将浓缩后的水煎液滤过液,60-80℃后按絮凝剂添加比例0.01%-1.00%称取絮凝剂,以1.0%-3.0%之醋酸将絮凝剂溶解,制成0.5%-3.0%的絮凝剂醋酸溶液;在搅拌下慢慢加入浓缩后的水煎液滤过液之中,加完后继续搅拌20-30分钟,静止过夜,离心去沉淀,得清液;
2)膜滤步骤:将经絮凝处理获得的清液,首先选择分子截留量10000-50000的滤膜,置于夹具中,以水调整工作压力在0.2-0.4Mpa,而后将经絮凝处理的清液送入系统,收集膜后液,浓缩,达到每毫升相当1-5克生药;
3)包合步骤:按心料干重1至5倍称取包材环糊精,加入2-5倍量纯水,研匀备用;然后将浓缩后的膜后液——心料加入到环糊精水溶液中,研磨20-30分钟,至成糊状摊入盘中,厚度为1.5-2.5厘米,真空干燥,粉碎,即得包合物干品。
具体工艺过程是:取1000克返魂草水煎液滤过液,浓缩至每毫升相当生药0.2-1.0克,保温60-80℃,加入絮凝剂,搅拌,静止过夜,离心去沉淀,取清液,膜滤,取膜后液,浓缩,达到每毫升相当1-5克生药,加入包合剂进行包合,干燥,粉碎,制粒,整粒,即得;
每袋含标示成分绿原酸应不少于1毫克,每袋重不得超过3克。
返魂草中所含有效成分(生物碱、黄酮类酚酸类)分子量多在1000以下,而无效成分(蛋白、多糖、鞣质、树脂、纤维、色素)分子量多在5000以上。
返魂草水提物因含有大分子无效成分,故易于吸水,性能不稳定,难于制粒。絮凝技术可除去大部分大分子无效成分,并相对提高有效成分的含量。絮凝剂可选择明胶、海藻酸钠、单宁、枸橼酸、琼脂、蛋清、酶素、蜂蜜、甲壳素及其衍生物、果汁澄清剂、ZTC1+1天然澄清剂。本发明为甲克素衍生物,优选壳聚糖。絮凝剂添加比例0.01%-0.15%(干重计);絮凝剂使用浓度0.5%-3.0%;絮凝剂使用溶媒1.0%-3.0%醋酸。
为进一步纯化提取液,还须将经絮凝法得到的清液通过膜分离技术再行除杂。
膜分离技术是一种高效、节能、无污染的新型分离技术,由于在膜分离过程中物质不发生相变,可在常温下操作,因此特别适用于热敏性物质,如生物或药物的分离与纯化。
选用不同孔径的滤膜,可以将相对分子量几百到几十万之间的物质进行分离。滤膜的工作压力为0.1-0.4Mpa;常用的高分子膜可选择:聚丙烯腈(PAN)、聚醚酮、聚砜、聚酰胺、聚偏氟乙烯等,无机陶瓷膜有氧化铝、氧化钛;本发明为聚砜膜或无机陶瓷膜;分子截留量为10000-50000。
为掩盖苦味,改善口感,增加制成品的稳定性及溶出速度,经膜滤得到的提取液,将其浓液采用包合技术进行包合。包合材料可选择去氧胆酸、硫脲、尿素、葡聚糖、沸石、硅酸、纤维素、环糊精;本发明优选环糊精。包合方法可选择:共沉法、研磨法、超声波法、冷冻干燥法;本发明为研磨法。
心料(提取物)与包材(包合材料)的比例为1∶1-1∶5,经优选,本发明心料∶包材为1∶1-1∶3;研磨时间为20-30分钟;包材加水比例为1∶2-1∶5。
包合物干品挤压制粒,即得精制返魂草颗粒冲剂。每袋含标示成分绿原酸应不少于1毫克,每袋重不得超过3克。
本发明的积极效果是:经本发明工艺制备的精制返魂草颗粒冲剂因基本除去了大分子无效组分(研究表明:大分子组分在本品中为无效组分),所以充分改善与弥补了水提物直接用以制剂的许多缺陷。
1、露置空气不易吸水,稳定性大幅提高;
2、易于造粒成型,辅料用量大幅度减少;
3、因辅料用量及无效组分减少,服用剂量由10克/次,减少到3-1克/次;
4、不用蔗糖即可成型,各种人群均可适用;
5、干扰减少,可对主药标示成分进行定量监控;
6、由于本发明使用包材环糊精具有亲水羟基,故可使有效成分溶出度增加。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
取1000克返魂草水煎液滤过液,浓缩至每毫升相当生药1克,保温60℃,加入1.0%壳聚糖醋酸溶液10毫升,搅拌,室温静止12小时,离心去沉淀,取清液,以工作压力0.25Mpa过50000板式聚砜膜,取膜后液,浓缩至每毫升相当2克生药,按提取物干重1∶1加入环糊精包合溶液,研磨至糊状,摊盘,厚度1.5厘米,70℃真空干燥,粉碎,挤压制粒,即得。
实施例2:
取1000克返魂草水煎液滤过液,浓缩至每毫升相当生药0.5克,保温65℃,加入1.5%壳聚糖醋酸溶液10毫升,搅拌,室温静止12小时,离心去沉淀,取清液,以工作压力0.25Mpa过50000板式聚砜膜,取膜后液,浓缩至每毫升相当2克生药,按提取物干重1∶1.5加入环糊精包合溶液,研磨至糊状,摊盘,厚度1.5厘米,70℃真空干燥,粉碎,挤压制粒,即得。
实施例3:
取1000克返魂草水煎液滤过液,浓缩至每毫升相当生药0.3克,保温70℃,加入1.5%壳聚糖醋酸溶液15毫升,搅拌,室温静止12小时,离心去沉淀,取清液,以工作压力0.275Mpa过30000陶瓷膜,取膜后液,浓缩至每毫升相当1.5克生药,按提取物干重1∶1加入环糊精包合溶液,研磨至糊状,摊盘,厚度1.5厘米,70℃真空干燥,粉碎,挤压制粒,即得。
实施例4:
取1000克返魂草水煎液滤过液,浓缩至每毫升相当生药0.25克,保温75℃,加入1.0%壳聚糖醋酸溶液15毫升,搅拌,室温静止15小时,离心去沉淀,取清液,以工作压力0.30Mpa过20000板式聚砜膜,取膜后液,浓缩至每毫升相当1.0克生药,按提取物干重1∶1加入环糊精包合溶液,研磨至糊状,摊盘,厚度1.5厘米,70℃真空干燥,粉碎,挤压制粒,即得。
实施例5:
取1000克返魂草水煎液滤过液,浓缩至每毫升相当生药0.2克,保温80℃,加入2.0%壳聚糖醋酸溶液10毫升,搅拌,室温静止10小时,离心去沉淀,取清液,以工作压力0.35Mpa过10000板式聚砜膜,取膜后液,浓缩至每毫升相当1.0克生药,按提取物干重1∶1加入环糊精包合溶液,研磨至糊状,摊盘,厚度1.5厘米,70℃真空干燥,粉碎,挤压制粒,即得。

Claims (8)

1、一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,由以下步骤完成:取返魂草加水煎煮,滤过水煎液,滤液浓缩,及干燥,粉碎,制粒,装粒的成药阶段,其特征是:在滤液浓缩后,成药阶段之前,还有以下三个步骤;
1)絮凝步骤:将浓缩后的水煎液滤过液按絮凝剂添加比例0.01%-1.00%称取絮凝剂,以1.0%-3.0%之醋酸将其溶解,制成0.5%-3.0%的絮凝剂醋酸溶液;在搅拌下慢慢加入浓缩后的水煎液滤过液之中,加完后继续搅拌20-30分钟,静止过夜,离心去沉淀,得清液;
2)膜滤步骤:将经絮凝处理获得的清液,首先选择分子截留量10 000-50 000的滤膜,置于夹具中,以水调整工作压力在0.2-0.4Mpa,而后将经絮凝处理的清液送入系统,收集膜后液,浓缩,达到每毫升相当1-5克生药;
3)包合步骤:按心料干重1至5倍称取包材环糊精,加入2-5倍量纯水,研匀备用;然后将心料加入到环糊精水溶液中,研磨20-30分钟,至成糊状摊入盘中,厚度为1.5-2.5厘米,真空干燥,粉碎,即得包合物干品。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的絮凝剂为甲克素衍生物;絮凝剂添加比例按干重计0.01%-0.15%;絮凝剂使用浓度0.5%-3.0%;絮凝剂使用溶媒为1.0%-3.0%醋酸。
3、根据权利要求2所述的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的絮凝剂为壳聚糖。
4、根据权利要求1所述的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的滤膜的工作压力为0.1-0.4Mpa;高分子膜为聚砜膜或无机陶瓷膜;分子截留量为10 000-50 000。
5、根据权利要求1所述的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的包合,材料为环糊精;包合方法为研磨法;心料与包材的比例为1∶1-1∶3;研磨时间为20-30分钟;包材加水比例为1∶2-1∶5。
6、根据权利要求1或2所述的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的絮凝剂在醋酸溶液中的浓度为1.0%-2.0%。
7、根据权利要求1或3所述的-种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的工作压力为0.25-0.35Mpa。
8、根据权利要求1或4所述的一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺,其特征是:所述的心料与包材之比为1∶1-1∶1.5。
CN 200310109971 2003-11-05 2003-11-05 一种制备返魂草颗粒冲剂的工艺 Expired - Lifetime CN1254235C (zh)

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