CN1251863C - 一种制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材的方法 - Google Patents

一种制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材的方法 Download PDF

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CN1251863C
CN1251863C CNB011303913A CN01130391A CN1251863C CN 1251863 C CN1251863 C CN 1251863C CN B011303913 A CNB011303913 A CN B011303913A CN 01130391 A CN01130391 A CN 01130391A CN 1251863 C CN1251863 C CN 1251863C
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欧文·布鲁恩霍夫
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
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    • E06B3/00Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
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Abstract

一种制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材,特别是用于铝塑复合型材的绝缘隔板的方法。在塑料型材上涂覆UV硬化底漆。

Description

一种制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材,特别是用于铝塑复合型材的塑料绝缘隔板(Isolierstege)的方法。上述铝塑复合型材特别用于窗、门或镶嵌元件。塑料绝缘隔板通常在粉末涂漆方法范围内静电涂覆。其中,精细的固体漆粒用40.000至120.000伏电压充电,并且宜借助压力气体涂到冷的复合型材上。根据这个过程经历的时间,形成一定涂层厚度的漆。然后,在一般情况下于200℃或200℃以上的温度下进行烘烤过程。
背景技术
按照现有技术中已知的开始提到的那种方法制备的复合型材具有一系列缺点。首先,漆涂层或漆覆盖物的多少由粉末涂漆过程中电场的强度决定。但是,塑料绝缘隔板通常具有较差的电导率,因而对电场的形成没有贡献。因此,通过粉末涂漆进行这种绝缘隔板的涂漆还有待改进。已经试验通过加入导电炭黑或金属元素(EP 0 667 625 A1,DE 33 22 016 A1)来提高塑料绝缘隔板的电导率。但是,炭黑的加入明显损害了绝缘隔板的机械性能。当加入金属元素,例如金属纤维时,还以不希望的方式提高了绝缘隔板的热导率。这样,上述方法证明是不可靠的。此外,已知为提高绝缘隔板的电导率而在粉末涂漆前在绝缘隔板上涂含溶剂的导电底漆。其中,底漆的电导率可例如通过炭黑粒子或金属粒子来提高。但是,这里同样有缺点,升高了绝缘隔板的热导率,这特别在用于窗、门或镶嵌元件时自然是不希望的。
粉末漆在按现有技术中已知的方法制备的塑料绝缘隔板上的漆粘附性还有待改进。这种漆粘附性受到了绝缘隔板的表面张力和糙度的影响。为改善粉末漆的粘附,在实际中试验了许多方法。塑料绝缘隔板经过燃烧,电晕处理,等离子体处理或氟化来减小表面张力。但是这种方法证明是不合适的。为粗化绝缘隔板的表面,还进行喷砂处理绝缘隔板以改善漆粘附。然而这里的缺点是喷砂物粘附在绝缘隔板上的残余物带入了在粉末涂漆方法之前的预处理浴中。还曾试验通过涂含溶剂的粘附底漆来改善漆的粘附。这里,作为溶剂特别使用醇和芳香烃以及水。但是,溶剂在底漆的时效硬化过程中仅部分挥发到外部环境中。大部分溶剂到达绝缘隔板中,提高了下面说明的不希望的气泡形成的趋势。
由实践中已知的本文开始提到的那种方法还有其它显著的缺点。塑料型材或由塑料,特别是聚酰胺构成的绝缘隔板易于吸湿。较长时间存放过程中,一般必然提高湿含量。绝缘隔板中的湿度虽然提高了电导率,但是这种电导率必然不可重复性调节。当在接着粉末涂漆过程进行粉末漆的烘烤时,高温将湿气从绝缘隔板中排出。这导致表层漆中形成了非常不希望的气泡。
与此相反,本发明的目的是提供一种本文开始提到的那种方法所带来的,其中避免了上述的缺点,并由此首先可以防止了气泡形成。
发明内容
为解决这个技术问题,本发明说明了一种用于制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材,特别是用于铝塑复合型材的绝缘隔板的方法。
其中在塑料型材上涂覆UV硬化性底漆。铝塑复合型材特别用于窗、门和镶嵌元件。
UV硬化在本发明范围内是指在紫外光影响下硬化。粉末涂漆在本发明范围内是指静电粉末涂漆(EPS)或粉末涂漆方法中的静电涂覆。这里,宜将精细固体漆粒用40.000至120.000伏电压来充电。然后漆粒抛掷到待涂层的工件,本发明情况下指塑料型材。宜借助压力气体实现精细漆粒的加速。
塑料型材优选通过挤出制备。挤出后,宜在塑料型材冷却后,进行用UV硬化性底漆的涂覆。这种涂覆优选借助喷嘴实现。涂覆之后借助UV照射硬化底漆。
涂覆了UV硬化性底漆,在此底漆硬化后进行粉末涂漆。这里在本发明范围内,塑料型材首先与铝型材复合。粉末涂漆之前,优选将复合型材引入至少一种预处理浴中。粉末涂漆或粉末涂层宜用不含有三缩水甘油基异氰脲酸酯的漆。本发明还包括,塑料型材或复合型材的粉末涂漆后进行粉末漆的烘烤。其中宜在200℃或高于200℃的高温下完成。
属于本发明范围内的是,用由一种在200℃下耐热的塑料组成的塑料型材来进行。上述塑料也宜在高于200℃,例如在210℃下热稳定。优选在按本发明的方法范围内用由聚酰胺和/或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和/或上述塑料的共混物组成的塑料型材进行加工。按本发明的一个实施方案,塑料型材由聚酰胺66组成。宜用纤维增强的塑料型材,优选玻璃纤维增强的塑料型材来加工。本发明的一实施方案的特征为,塑料型材由聚酰胺66组成,其中玻璃纤维含量为25重量%。
属于本发明范围内的是,UV硬化性底漆不含溶剂或基本上不含溶剂。底漆的溶剂含量优选小于1重量%。UV硬化性底漆有利地含有固体组分多于95重量%,优选多于97重量%,更优选多于99重量%。
按本发明更优选的实施方案,使用含有至少40重量%,优选至少50重量%丙烯酸树脂的UV硬化性底漆。UV硬化性底漆宜含有至少55重量%丙烯酸树脂,优选55-85重量%丙烯酸树脂,更优选60-80重量%丙烯酸树脂。丙烯酸树脂特别涉及丙烯酸酯。作为UV硬化性底漆优选使用二丙烯酸酯。按本发明更优选的实施方案,在UV硬化性底漆中的丙烯酸树脂是1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯。
属于本发明范围内的是,UV硬化性底漆含有至少一种酮。按一实施方案,这里涉及丙酮,根据本发明非常优选的实施方案,UV硬化性底漆含有2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮-1。UV硬化性底漆宜含有2-12重量%,优选2.5-10重量%,更优选4-7重量%至少一种酮。属于本发明范围内的是,UV硬化性底漆含一种磷酸改性的聚合物,UV硬化性底漆中宜含有2-12重量%,优选3.5-10重量%磷酸改性的聚合物。按本发明非常优选的实施方案,UV硬化性底漆含有4-7重量%磷酸改性的聚合物。
根据非常优选的实施方案,本发明范围内有非常特别意义的是,将导电的UV硬化性底漆涂覆到塑料型材上。宜调节UV硬化性底漆的电导率以使涂覆底漆的电阻(表面电阻)小于109欧姆。优选使用含有至少一种本征导电的塑料的UV硬化性底漆。属于本发明范围内的是,本征导电塑料涉及至少一种聚噻吩和/或至少一种聚苯胺。
按照本发明非常特别的实施方案,UV硬化性底漆涂成1至30μm,优选1-25μm,特别优选5-25μm,更特别优选5-20μm的层厚。
本发明的特征在于,用按本发明的方法可以制备塑料型材,特别是绝缘隔板,它可按粉末涂漆领域内简单且很确保功效的方法来涂层。如果此塑料型材用按本发明的UV硬化性底漆预涂层,那么粉末漆具有优化的对塑料型材的粘附作用。如果按本发明的塑料型材在粉末涂漆后在较高温度下处理,则可令人惊喜地完全不存在粉末漆或表层漆中妨碍性的气泡生成。就这方面而言,本发明的方法相对于现有技术有显著的优点。
本发明的主题还有按本发明的方法制备的塑料型材,特别是用于铝塑复合型材的绝缘隔板。
优选的实施例的特征为,UV硬化性底漆含有50-95重量%1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯,优选60-80重量%1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯,以及含有2.5-10重量%,优选4-7重量%2-羟基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙酮-1。按此实施例的一实施方案,UV硬化性底漆还含有3.5-10重量%,优选4-7重量%磷酸改性的聚合物。
具体实施方式
在比较试验范围内,由聚酰胺66组成的绝缘隔板含有25重量%玻璃纤维,在环境条件下存放三个月,然后进一步加工。在刚处理后的表面能为35mN/m。绝缘隔板用铝半护板(Halbschale)复合,引入通过预处理浴,用不含三缩水甘油基异氰脲酸酯的粉末漆涂层。然后,在205℃进行20分钟烤漆。接着测试漆的性能。这里确定,漆覆盖的程度刚好还可接受。然而漆的粘附作用有待改进。烤漆过程中发生了明显的不希望有的气泡生成。此外,上面提到的那种绝缘隔板用含溶剂的导电的粘附底漆处理,其中含有约75重量%溶剂,为甲苯和二甲苯。绝缘隔板在刚处理后具有的表面能为48-56mN/m。接着,这个绝缘隔板在环境条件下存放三个月。然后如前所述处理绝缘隔板。在烤漆之后测试漆性能。漆覆盖的程度和漆粘附作用令人满意。当然,这里也发生了不希望的气泡生成。用于比较,上述类型的绝缘隔板用按本发明的UV硬化性底漆处理,结果在刚处理后具有的表面能为54mN/m。然后,对这个绝缘隔板进行粉末涂漆和烘烤方法。
在检测漆的性能方面确定,不仅漆覆盖,还有漆粘附都满足所有要求。令人惊喜的是,未观察到气泡生成。此外,上述类型绝缘隔板用按本发明的UV硬化、导电的底漆处理,结果在刚处理后具有表面能为54mN/m。这种绝缘隔板还经过粉末涂漆和烘烤过程。对于这种绝缘隔板,漆覆盖还比在最后提到的比较实施例中的情况优越。漆粘附最优化的,这里还令人惊喜地没有观察到气泡生成。

Claims (11)

1.一种制备粉末涂漆的塑料型材的方法,
其中在塑料型材上涂覆UV硬化性底漆,它含有至少40重量%的丙烯酸树脂,和其中在底漆硬化后进行塑料型材的粉末涂漆。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述塑料型材为用于铝塑复合型材的绝缘隔板。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其中用由一种在200℃热稳定的塑料组成的塑料型材进行加工。
4.权利要求1或2的方法,其中用由聚酰胺和/或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和/或上述塑料的共混物组成的塑料型材进行加工。
5.权利要求1或2的方法,其中使用含有至少50重量%至少一种丙烯酸树脂的UV硬化性底漆。
6.权利要求5的方法,其中丙烯酸树脂是1,6-己二醇二丙烯酸酯。
7.权利要求1或2的方法,其中UV硬化性底漆含有至少一种酮。
8.权利要求1或2的方法,其中涂覆导电的UV硬化性底漆。
9.权利要求8的方法,其中使用含有至少一种本征导电塑料的UV硬化性底漆。
10.权利要求1或2的方法,其中UV硬化性底漆涂成1-30μm的层厚。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中UV硬化性底漆涂成1-25μm的层厚。
CNB011303913A 2001-01-08 2001-11-22 一种制备欲以粉末涂漆的塑料型材的方法 Expired - Lifetime CN1251863C (zh)

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DE102017129353A1 (de) 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Ensinger Gmbh Polymer-basierendes Substrat sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

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DE4323480C2 (de) * 1993-07-14 1996-11-14 Wilfried Ensinger Verfahren zum Pulverlackieren von Verbundprofilen sowie Verbundprofil
KR0131008B1 (ko) * 1994-09-27 1998-04-13 이종덕 대오염성이 우수한 광경화형 수지 조성물 및 이의 제품

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